Unit 1 单元语法专练 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级下册

外研版8下第一单元语法专练 一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态 第一部分:知识梳理 一、被动语态概述 主动语态:主语是动作的执行者。 The cat ate the fish. (猫吃了鱼。) 被动语态:主语是动作的承受者。 The fish was eaten by the cat. (鱼被猫吃了。) 被动语态的构成:be + 及物动词的过去分词 二、一般现在时的被动语态 1. 结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 English is spoken in many countries. 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + 过去分词 This car is not made in Japan. 疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词? Is this book written in English? 2. 用法 表示现在经常性、习惯性的被动动作。 表示现在的客观事实或状态。 表示现在普遍接受的观点或常识。 3. 例句 Rice is grown in the south. These rooms are cleaned every day. Is this kind of mobile phone sold in this store? The windows are not cleaned very often. 三、一般将来时的被动语态 1. 结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + will be + 过去分词 A new school will be built here. 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are going to be + 过去分词 The meeting is going to be held tomorrow. 否定句 主语 + will not be + 过去分词 The work will not be finished today. 否定句 主语 + am/is/are not going to be + 过去分词 The party is not going to be cancelled. 疑问句 Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词? Will the plan be approved? 疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词? Is the bridge going to be completed next year? 2. 用法 表示将来要发生的被动动作。 表示按计划或安排将要发生的被动动作。 3. 例句 The sports meeting will be held next week. These letters will be sent tomorrow morning. Will the problem be solved soon? The new policy is going to be announced next month. The old buildings are going to be pulled down. 四、主动语态变被动语态的步骤 1. 找宾语:把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语。 2. 变谓语:谓语动词变为“be + 过去分词”,时态不变。 3. 加 by:原主语变为 by 的宾语(可省略)。 示例: 主动:People speak English all over the world. 被动:English is spoken (by people) all over the world. 主动:They will build a new hospital next year. 被动:A new hospital will be built (by them) next year. 五、注意事项 1. 不及物动词无被动语态 happen, take place, appear, disappear, rise, die 等不及物动词没有被动语态。 The accident was happened yesterday. The accident happened yesterday. 2. 有些及物动词表示状态,不用于被动语态 have(有), fit(适合), suit(适合), hold(容纳), cost(花费)等。 A lot of books are had by him. He has a lot of books. Two hundred people are held by the hall. The hall holds two hundred people. 3. 双宾语动词的被动语态 有些动词(give, send, show, tell, teach, buy 等)可跟两个宾语。变被动时,可将间接宾语(人)或直接宾语(物)变为主语。 主动:He gave me a book. 被动1:I was given a book (by him). 被动2:A book was given to me (by him). 4. 短语动词的被动语态 动词短语变被动时,介词或副词不能省略。 主动:They look after the children well. 被动:The children are looked after well. 第二部分:练习题 Part 1:单项选择 1. English _ in many countries around the world. A. speaks B. is spoken C. is speaking 2. A new bridge _ over the river next year. A. will build B. will be built C. is built 3. These books _ in the library. A. keep B. are kept C. are keeping 4. The meeting _ tomorrow afternoon. A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held 5. _ this kind of car _ in China? A. Is; made B. Does; made C. Is; make 6. The children _ good care of at school. A. take B. are taken C. is taken 7. The sports meeting _ next Friday. A. will be held B. will hold C. is held 8. These flowers _ every day. A. water B. are watered C. are watering 9. When _ the new library _? A. will; build B. will; be built C. is; built 10. Rice _ in the north of China. A. isn't grown B. aren't grown C. doesn't grow Part 2:用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Many languages _ (speak) in the world. 2. A new hospital _ (build) in our town next year. 3. These rooms _ (clean) every morning. 4. The party _ (hold) on Friday evening. 5. Computers _ (use) everywhere now. 6. The work _ (finish) tomorrow. 7. This kind of watch _ (make) in Switzerland. 8. The children _ (take) to the zoo next Sunday. 9. English _ (teach) in most schools in China. 10. The letter _ (send) tomorrow morning. Part 3:将下列主动语态改为被动语态 1. People speak English in Australia. _ 2. They will build a new school next year. _ 3. We clean the classroom every day. _ 4. They will hold the meeting next Monday. _ 5. People grow rice in the south. _ 6. They will finish the project next month. _ 7. Workers make cars in this factory. _ 8. They will not cancel the game. _ Part 4:将下列被动语态改为主动语态 1. English is spoken in Canada. _ 2. A new hospital will be built here. _ 3. These books are kept in the library. _ 4. The meeting will be held tomorrow. _ 5. Rice is grown in many parts of China. _ Part 5:完成句子 1. 英语在世界各地被使用。 English _ _ all over the world. 2. 明年将在这里建一座新医院。 A new hospital _ _ _ here next year. 3. 这些花每天都被浇水。 These flowers _ _ every day. 4. 会议将在下周举行。 The meeting _ _ _ next week. 5. 这种手机是在中国制造的吗? _ this kind of mobile phone _ in China? 6. 这项工作不会在今天完成。 The work _ _ _ today. 7. 孩子们在学校被照顾得很好。 The children _ _ good care of at school. 8. 这些书不能带出图书馆。 These books _ _ _ out of the library. Part 6:句型转换 1. They speak French in this part of Canada. (改为被动语态) French _ _ in this part of Canada. 2. They will finish the work tomorrow. (改为被动语态) The work _ _ _ tomorrow. 3. Is English spoken in your country? (改为主动语态) _ people _ English in your country? 4. The meeting will be held next week. (改为一般疑问句) _ the meeting _ _ next week? 5. They grow tea in the mountains. (改为被动语态) Tea _ _ in the mountains. Part 7:改错 1. English is speak in many countries. _ 2. A new bridge will build next year. _ 3. The room cleans every day. _ 4. When will the meeting hold? _ 5. These books are keep in the library. _ 6. The children are take good care of. _ 7. The party is going to hold on Friday. _ 8. Is this kind of car make in Japan? _ 9. The work will be finished tomorrow. (判断对错) _ 10. Rice is grown in the south. (判断对错) _ 第三部分:参考答案与解析 Part 1 1. B (一般现在时被动,English 是单数概念) 2. B (一般将来时被动) 3. B (一般现在时被动,books 是复数) 4. C (一般将来时被动) 5. A (一般现在时被动疑问句) 6. B (一般现在时被动,children 是复数) 7. A (一般将来时被动) 8. B (一般现在时被动,flowers 是复数) 9. B (一般将来时被动疑问句) 10. A (一般现在时被动否定,rice 不可数用 is) Part 2 1. are spoken 2. will be built / is going to be built 3. are cleaned 4. will be held / is going to be held 5. are used 6. will be finished / is going to be finished 7. is made 8. will be taken / are going to be taken 9. is taught 10. will be sent / is going to be sent Part 3 1. English is spoken in Australia. 2. A new school will be built next year. 3. The classroom is cleaned every day. 4. The meeting will be held next Monday. 5. Rice is grown in the south. 6. The project will be finished next month. 7. Cars are made in this factory. 8. The game will not be cancelled. Part 4 1. People speak English in Canada. 2. People will build a new hospital here. 3. People keep these books in the library. 4. They will hold the meeting tomorrow. 5. People grow rice in many parts of China. Part 5 1. is spoken 2. will be built 3. are watered 4. will be held 5. Is; made 6. will not be finished 7. are taken 8. cannot be taken Part 6 1. is spoken 2. will be finished 3. Do; speak 4. Will; be held 5. is grown Part 7 1. speak spoken (过去分词) 2. will build will be built (被动语态缺 be) 3. cleans is cleaned (被动语态缺 be) 4. will the meeting hold will the meeting be held (被动语态缺 be) 5. are keep are kept (过去分词) 6. are take are taken (过去分词) 7. is going to hold is going to be held (被动语态缺 be) 8. make made (过去分词) 9. 正确 10. 正确 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $