内容正文:
高中英语重庆大学版
【词汇精讲】
选择性必修第一册
词汇精讲
Unit 4 Food and Culture Reading Further
词汇变形及词缀精讲
全部单元单词
self-reflection self rr'flek n/n.well-known/wel 'noon/adj.ingredient /in'gri:diant/n.
自我反思;反省
名的:众所周知的:出名的
原料:要素;因素
refreshing /r'fref/adj.使人精roast /raust/V.烤;炙;烘焙:n.generally speaking一般来说:
神振奋的:令人耳目一新的
烤肉;烘烤:adj.烤的:烘的总而言之
fresh/fref/ad.新鲜的;清新的;sliced/slarst/adj.切片的;切成inspire/m'spara/v.激励:鼓
新颖的;无经验的:adv.刚:最片的
舞:赋予灵感:启发
新的
fried /frard/adj.油炸的:油煎的
词汇变形及词缀精讲
1.refresh/rI'feYv.使恢复精力:更新
词汇变形
形容词形式:refreshing(使人精神振奋的;令人耳目一新的)
构词解析
前缀re-:表示“再次;重新”;词根fresh意为“新鲜的”,re-+fresh构成动词“使重新变得新鲜/恢
复精力”,后加后缀-ing构成形容词,表示“令人…的”。
同类词:relax(放松)→relaxing(令人放松的)、excite(使兴奋)→exciting(令人兴奋的)
例句:A cup of cold water can refresh you on a hot day.
真题链接(重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习):The (refresh)breeze from the lake
made us feel comfortable.(答案:refreshing)
2.fresh /fre/adj.新鲜的:清新的:新颖的
词汇变形
副词形式:fresh山y(新近;刚刚)
名词形式:freshness(新鲜;清新)
构词解析
后缀y:加在形容词后构成副词:后缀-nss:加在形容词后构成名词,表示“性质、状态”。
例句:The bread was baked freshly this morning and tasted delicious
真题链接(重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册教材例句):We should eat more fresh vegetables to keep
healthy.
1
高中英语重庆大学版
【词汇精讲】
选择性必修第一册
3.well-kowm/,wel'nan/adj.著名的:众所周知的
词汇变形
同义词:famous(著名的)
构词解析
前缀well-:表示“很好地;充分地”,well+known(已知的)构成复合形容词,意为“被充分知晓
的→著名的”。
同类词:well-educated(受过良好教育的)、well-dressed(穿着得体的)
例句:Mo Yan is a well--known writer around the world.
真题链接(重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习):This is a(well-kmow)story that
almost everyone has heard of.(答案:well-known)
4.roast /raust/.烤:炙;烘焙;n.烤肉:adj.烤的
词汇变形
过去式/过去分词:roasted
现在分词:roasting
构词解析
无明显前后缀,属于不规则动词变形,作形容词时可直接由动词转化而来。
例句:My mother often roasts chicken for dinner on Sundays.
真题链接(重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试):We(roast)some potatoes in the oven
yesterday..(答案:roasted)
5.slice/slais/v.切:割;n.薄片;切片
词汇变形
形容词形式:sliced(切片的:切成片的)
构词解析
后缀-ed:加在动词后构成形容词,表示“被…的”,ice+-ed→“被切成片的”。
同类词:boil(煮)一→boiled(煮熟的)、fry(炸)→fried(油炸的)
例句:She sliced the apple into small pieces and put them in the bowl,
真题链接(重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习):I'd like a sandwich with
(slice)ham
and cheese.(答案:sliced)
6.fry /fra/v.油炸;油煎
词汇变形
过去式过去分词:fried
形容词形式:fried(油炸的;油煎的)
构词解析
后缀ed:加在动词后构成形容词,表示“被…的”,fy+-ed→“被油炸的”。
例句:My father likes to fry eggs for breakfast,.
真题链接(重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册教材例句):Fried food is delicious but not good for
health if eaten too often
7.inspire/In'spaia(r)/V.激励:鼓舞:赋予灵感
高中英语重庆大学版
【词汇精讲】
选择性必修第一册
词汇变形
名词形式:inspiration(灵感:鼓舞人心的人/事)
形容词形式:inspiring(鼓舞人心的):inspired(受启发的;有灵感的)
构词解析
前缀in-:表示“向内:进入”:词根spir意为“呼吸”,inspire原义“吸入灵气→赋予灵感”;后
缀-ation构成名词,-ing构成形容词(令人…的),ed构成形容词(感到…的)。
同类词:expire(到期)、conspire(密谋)
例句:Ier story inspired many young people to pursue their dreams.
真题链接(重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试):The teacher's encouraging words gave us
great
_(inspire).(答案:inspiration)
8.self-reflection/,self rI'flekfn/n.自我反思;反省
词汇变形
动词形式:reflect(反射:反思)
形容词形式:reflective(反射的:沉思的)
构词解析
前缀self-:表示“自己:自我”;词根reflect意为“反射:思考”,self+reflection(反思)构成复
合名词“自我反思”;reflect+-ive构成形容词。
例句:Self-reflection is an important way to improve oneself..
真题链接(重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习):It's necessary for students to(te-
flection)on their learning process regularly.(答案:reflect)
9.generally/'d3 enrali/adv.一般地;通常
词汇变形
形容词形式:general(一般的;普遍的)
名词形式:generality(普遍性;概括)
构词解析
前缀gener-:表示“产生;种类”;后缀-a构成形容词,y构成副词。短语generally speaking(一
般来说)由副词generally+speaking构成。
例句:Generally speaking,winter in Chongqing is not very cold,
真题链接(重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册教材例句):People generally prefer to travel in spring
or autumn
l0.ingredient/m'gri:diant/.n.成分:原料;要素
词汇变形
无常见变形,可拓展同义词:component(成分)、element(要素)
构词解析
前缀in-:表示“进入;在内”;词根gredi意为“行走”(同词根于grade“等级”),ingredient原义
“走进(混合物)的东西→成分”。
例句:Flour and sugar are basic ingredients for making cakes..
真题链接(重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试):What is the most important
(ingre-
dient)in this dish?(答案:ingredient)
高中英语重庆大学版
【词汇精讲】
选择性必修第一册
综合训练
一、
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.The fresh air in the mountains is very
(令人精神振奋的).
7.Her
(for the painting came from the beautiful sunset.
&.(一般来说),students need eight hours of sleep every day.
9
(自我反思)helps us learn from our mistakes.
10.Flour and eggs are basic()for making cookies.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.The
(refresh)wind made us feel relaxed after the long walk.
7.My mother (roast)a turkey for dinner last Christmas.
8.We need
(inspire)to keep working hard when we face difficulties.
9.The
(slice)tomatoes look fresh and red
10.
(general)speaking,summer is the hottest season in this area.
三、完成句子(每空一词)
5.这位作家的故事激励了许多年轻人追求梦想。
The writer's storymany young people
their dreams.
6.我们昨天在烤箱里烤了一些土豆。
We
some potatoes in the oven yesterday.
7.她把苹果切成小块,然后放进了碗里。
She
the apple
small pieces and put them in the bowl.
8.油炸食品虽然美味,但经常吃对健康不好。
food is delicious but not good for health if eaten too often
四、语篇填空(选自重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
4
高中英语重庆大学版
【词汇精讲】
选择性必修第一册
Cooking is not just about making food;it can also be
(inspire).Last Sunday,I decided to cook
a special meal for my family.First,I needed to prepare the
(ingredient).I bought some fresh
vegetables and(slice)ham from the market.
My mom taught me how to(roast)chicken.She said the key was to cook it slowly.While the
chicken was roasting,I started to
(fry)some potatoes.The kitchen was filled with a wonderful
smell.
After dinner,my family praised my cooking.Their words gave me great_
(inspire).I realized
that cooking is a way to show love.It also requires
(reflect)on what you did well and what
you can improve.
(general)speaking,this experience made me love cooking even more.
参考答案
I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.refreshing 7.inspiration 8.Generally 9.Self-reflection 10.ingredients
Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.refreshing 7.roasted 8.inspiration 9.sliced 10.Generally
I.完成句子
5.inspired;to pursue 6.roasted 7.sliced;into 8.Fried
V.语篇填空
inspiring;ingredients,sliced,roast,fry,inspiration;reflection;Generally
5