Unit 5 History and the World-Reading Actively-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第四册（重庆大学版）

高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit5】History and the World-Reading Acively 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 anxious/'enkfas/adj..焦虑的：reluctantly/r'IAktantli/adv.不interpretation/nt3pr3'ten/n. 担忧的：渴望的 情愿地：勉强地 解释；说明；诠释 anxiety/e划'zarati//n.焦虑：忧surrender/s'renda()/v.n.投integrity/m'tegrati//n.诚实；正 虑：渴望 降：屈服：交出：放弃 直；完整 horrified/'hDrifaid/adj.惊骇的；appealing /'pi::l/adj.有吸引philosopher /fa'Ipsafa(r)/n.哲 受惊吓的 力的：动人的：恳求的 学家：哲人 terrified/'terfad/adj.非常害怕duration/dju'rejn/n.持续时间； 的：极度惊恐的 期间 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.anxious/'e1 kfas/adj.焦虑的：担忧的；渴望的 词汇变形 名词形式：anxiety/el'zarati/ 构词解析 后缀-ous:加在名词后构成形容词，表”具有…性质的”。此处名词anxiety（焦虑)去”y加”-ous” 构成形容词anxious。 同类词：dangerous(危险的，danger+-ous)、famous（著名的，fame+-ous) 例句：She felt anxious about the upcoming exam. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习)：Her(anxious)about the result made her unable to sleep.(答案：anxiety) 2.anxiety/e'zati/n.焦虑；忧虑；渴望 词汇变形 形容词形式：anxious/'eks 构词解析 名词后缀-ety:由形容词anxious去”-ous”加”-ety”构成名词，表”性质、状态”。 例句：Too much anxiety can affect your health. 1 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试)：He tried to hide his (anxious),but his trembling hands gave him away.(答案：anxiety) 3.horrified/'horifaid/adj.惊骇的；受惊吓的 词汇变形 动词形式：horrify/hprifar/ 构词解析 后缀-ed:加在动词后构成形容词，表感到…的”。此处由动词horrify(使惊骇)加’-ed’构成形 容词horrified。 同类词：terrified(害怕的，terrify+-ed)、surprised(惊讶的，surprise+-ed) 例句：They were horrified by the news of the accident. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册阅读专项)：The children looked (horrify)when they saw the big dog.(答案：horrified) 4.terrified/'terifard/adj.非常害怕的；极度惊恐的 词汇变形 动词形式：terrify/'terifa/ 构词解析 后缀-ed:由动词terrify(使恐惧)加”-ed”构成形容词，表”感到恐惧的”。 例句：She was terrified of walking alone in the dark, 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册词汇运用)：The loud noise (terrified)the little girl,and she started crying.(答案：terrified) 5.reluctantly/rI'IAktantli/adv.不情愿地；勉强地 词汇变形 形容词形式：reluctant/rr'IAktont/ 构词解析 后缀-y:加在形容词后构成副词。此处由形容词reluctant(不情愿的)加”-y'构成副词reluctantly。 例句：He reluctantly agreed to help us with the project 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册语法填空)：Shenodded(reluctant),knowing she had no other choice..(答案：reluctantly) 6.appealing /a'pi:l/adj.有吸引力的；动人的：恳求的 词汇变形 动词形式：appeal'pi:lV(v.吸引：呼吁；上诉) 构词解析 后缀-ing:加在动词后构成形容词，表”令人…的”。此处由动词appeal加’-ing”构成形容词ap- pealing,意为”有吸引力的”。 例句：The idea of traveling to Paris sounds appealing. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册完形填空）：The一(appeal)design of the new product attracted many customers..(答案：appealing) 2 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 7.interpretation/m,t3pr3'tejn/n.解释；说明；诠释 词汇变形 动词形式：interpret/m't3prat/ 构词解析 前缀inter-:表”在…之间；相互”；后缀-ation:加在动词后构成名词，表”动作或过程的结果”。 此处由动词interpret(解释)去”-t”加'-ation”构成名词interpretation。 例句：Different people may have different interpretations of the poem. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册阅读理解)：The teacher asked for our(interpret) of the story's ending.(答案：interpretation） 8.philosopher /fo'Ipsafa()/n.哲学家：哲人 词汇变形 名词形式（学科）：philosophy /fa'Ipsafi//(哲学) 构词解析 后缀-er:加在名词后表”从事…职业的人”。此处由名词philosophy（哲学)去”-y”加”-er”构成 philosopher,意为”研究哲学的人”。 同类词：teacher（教师，teach+-er)、writer(作家，write+-er) 例句：Aristotle was a famous ancient Greek philosopher. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册文化拓展）：Plato is one of the most influential (philosophy)in history.(答案：philosophers) 9.integrity/m'tegrati/n.诚实；正直；完整 构词解析 前缀in-:表”不；无”（此处加强语气，表”完整的）：词根tegr:意为”整体”；后缀-ity:构成名 词，表”性质、状态”。整体意为”完整；正直”。 例句：He is a man of great integrity and never tells lies. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册书面表达）：We should always act with (integrity） and respect others.(答案：integrity) 10.dur ation/dju'ren/n.持续时间：期间 构词解析 词根dur:意为”持续”；后缀-ation:构成名词，表”动作或状态的持续”。 例句：The duration of the concert is about two hours. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册听力理解）：What is the (duration)of the course? (答案：duration） 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The (哲学家)Aristotle made great contributions to Western thought. 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.We should always act with (正直)and never tell lies. 3.The (持续时间)of the meeting will be about two hours.. 4.Her」 (焦虑)about the exam kept her awake all night.. 5.Different (of the poem may lead to different understandings. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She felt (anxious)when waiting for the test results. 2.The loud thunder (terrify)the little boy last night. 3.He (reluctant)agreed to help after much persuasion. 4.The (appeal)music attracted many people to the square. 5.The teacher asked for our (interpret)of the story's theme. 6.They were(horrify)by the scene of the accident. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.她害怕独自在黑暗中行走。 She walking alone in the dark. 2.这个设计对年轻人很有吸引力。 The design is very young people. 3.他勉强接受了这个提议。 He accepted the offer 4.他的正直赢得了所有人的尊重。 His won everyone's respect. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 4 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 Socrates was a famous ancient Greek (philosophy).He was known for his (integrity) and love for truth.One day,a student felt (anxious)about a difficult question.Socrates (reluctant)agreed to discuss it with him During their talk,the student was (terrify)to express his ideas at first.Socrates encouraged him gently,saying,"Your(interpret)may be different,but it's worth sharing."Gradually,the student became confident.The (duration)of their discussion was three hours,but both felt it was meaningful. Socrates'words had a lasting influence.The student later said,"His (wise)taught me to seek truth with courage.” 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.philosopher 2.integrity 3.duration 4.anxiety 5.interpretations Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.anxious 2.terrified 3.reluctantly 4.appealing 5.interpretation 6.horrified I.完成句子 1.was terrified of 2.appealing to 3.reluctantly 4.integrity V.语篇填空 1.philosopher 2.integrity 3.anxious 4.reluctantly 5.terrified 6.interpretation 7. duration 8.wisdom 5