Unit 1 Culture in Names-Reading Actively-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第四册（重庆大学版）

高中英语重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第四册 单元精讲 Unit 1 Culture in Names Reading Actively 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 truthful/'tu:fl/adj.诚实的；真状态 childish/tfarldI adj..幼稚的： 实的 patriotic/.peitri'ptk/adj.爱国孩子气的 apart /a'pa:t/adv.分开；相距；的：有爱国心的 popularity /.pDpju'laerati/n. 单独 patriot/pertriat/n.爱国者：爱行；普及：受欢迎 bake /beik/v.烘烤；焙 国主义者 respected/r'spektId/adj..受尊 shorten/∫b:tn/v.缩短；变短 responsible/r'sppnsabl/adj.有敬的：受敬重的 lengthen/'1e)n/v.(使)变长；责任的：负责的 old-fashioned /sold 'faefnd/adj. 延长 stability/sta'bilati/n.稳定（性）：老式的：过时的：守的 status/'stertas/n.地位；身份：稳固（性） 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.truthful/tu:θf/adj.诚实的；真实的 名词形式：tuth(真相：事实) 构词解析：后缀-f:加在名词后，构成形容词，表“充满…的：具有…性质的”。 同类词：helpful(有帮助的)、wonderful(极好的) 例句：A truthful person always tells the truth and never lies. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习)：It is important to be_(truth)with your friends.(答案：truthful) 2.shorten/btn/v.缩短；变短 形容词形式：shot（短的：矮的) 名词形式：shortness(短：不足) 构词解析：前缀shot-(形容词，表“短的”)+后缀-n:加在形容词或名词后，构成动词，表“使 …变得”。 同类词：lengthen(使变长)、strengthen（加强) 例句：We need to shorten the report to fit the time limit 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：The days shorten and the nights lengthen in winter. 1 高中英语重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第四册 3.lengthen/'leθn/v.(使)变长：延长 名词形式：length(长度；篇幅) 形容词形式：long(长的) 构词解析：词根length(名词，表“长度”)+后缀-en:构成动词，表“使…变长”。 同类词：shorten(缩短)、widen(加宽) 例句：They plan to lengthen the road to connect the two villages. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：The tailor(length)the skirt by5 centimeters.(答案：lengthened) 4.patriotic/,pertri'Dtik/adj.爱国的；有爱国心的 名词形式：patriot(爱国者)、patriotism（爱国主义) 构词解析：词根patriot(名词，表“爱国者”)+后缀-ic:加在名词后，构成形容词，表“与…有 关的：具有…性质的”。 同类词：historic(历史的)、scientific(科学的) 例句：The students sang a patriotic song at the school ceremony. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习)：Hs (patriot)speech moved everyone in the audience.(答案：patriotic) 5.patriot/'pertriat//n.爱国者：爱国主义者 形容词形式：patriotic(爱国的) 名词形式：patriotism(爱国主义) 构词解析：词根pati-(表“国家；父亲”)+后缀-ot:构成名词，表“人”。 He is remembered as a great patriot who fought for his country's freedom. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：True patriots always put their country's interests first. 6.responsible /rI'sppnsabl/adj.有责任的；负责的 名词形式：responsibility(责任；职责) 副词形式：responsibly(负责地) 构词解析：前缀re-（表“回：再”)+词根spons(表“承诺”)+后缀-ible:构成形容词，表“有能 力的：应负责的”。 同类词：visible(可见的)、possible(可能的) As a team leader,you must be responsible for the project's success. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：Everyone should take_(responsible) for protecting the environment.(答案：responsibility) 7.stability/st'blti/n.稳定（性）：稳固（性） 形容词形式：stable(稳定的：稳固的) 副词形式：stably(稳定地) 构词解析：词根stable（形容词，表“稳定的”)+后缀ity:加在形容词后，构成抽象名词，表“性 质；状态”。 同类词：ability(能力)、activity(活动) 2 高中英语重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第四册 例句：Economic stability is important for the development of a country. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：The government is taking measures to ensure the (stable)of prices.（答案：stability) 8.childish/tfarld/adj.幼稚的；孩子气的 名词形式：child(孩子：儿童) 副词形式：childishly(幼稚地) 构词解析：词根child(名词，表“孩子”)+后缀-sh:加在名词后，构成形容词，表“具有…特 征的：像…的”（常含贬义）。 同类词：foolish(愚蠢的)、selfish(自私的) 例句：It's childish to argue over such a small thing. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句)：His childish behavior made his parents very disappointed. 9.popularity/pDpju'rti/.流行；普及；受欢迎 形容词形式：popular(流行的；受欢迎的) 副词形式：popularly(普遍地；流行地) 构词解析：词根popular(形容词，表“流行的”)+后缀-ity:构成名词，表“性质：状态”。 同类词：electricity(电力)、possibility(可能性) The popularity of online shopping has grown rapidly in recent years. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习)：The singer's new song has gained (popular)among young people.(答案：popularity) l0.respected'spektid/adj.受尊敬的：受敬重的 动词形式：respect(尊敬：尊重) 名词形式：respect(尊重；敬意) 副词形式：respectfully(尊敬地) 构词解析：词根respect（动词，表“尊敬”)+后缀-ed:加在动词后，构成形容词，表“被…的”。 同类词：loved(被爱的)、admired(被钦佩的) The respected teacher has been working in the school for over 30 years. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：He is a respected scientist in the field of environmental protection. l1.old-fashioned/,aold'faefnd/ad.老式的；过时的；守的 名词形式：fashion(时尚：款式) 形容词形式：fashionable(时尚的：流行的) 构词解析：前缀old-(形容词，表“的”)+词根fashion（名词，表“时尚”)+后缀-ed:构成形容 词，表“过时的：不符合时尚的”。 同类词：new-fashioned(新式的)、low-fashioned(式的) My grandfather still uses an old-fashioned radio to listen to news. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习)：Wearing such clothes is considered (old-fashion))in modern society..(答案：old-fashioned) 3 高中英语重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第四册 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.It is important to tell the (真相)when you make a mistake. 2.The government is working hard to maintain social (稳定). 3.Her (爱国的)speech inspired many young people. 4.He is a. (受尊敬的)professor with over20 years of teaching experience. 5.The (of smartphones has changed people's daily lives greatly 6.We need to (缩短)the time spent on unnecessary meetings. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.A (truth)person never hides his mistakes from others. 2.The tailor was asked to(length)the coat by 3 centimeters 3.Everyone should take (responsible)for their own actions. 4.The old-fashioned radio is no longer(fashion)among young people. 5.His (child)behavior made him unpopular with his classmates 6.The company has achieved economic(stable)after years of hard work 7.The (patriot)of the soldiers moved all the people in the country. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.对朋友诚实是建立信任的基础。 Being friends is the foundation of building trust. 2.为了赶上火车，我们不得不缩短早餐时间。 We had to breakfast time to catch the train. 3.这位科学家因其贡献而受到人们的尊敬。 The scientist is people for his contributions. 4.这个小镇的和平与稳定吸引了许多游客。 The peace and of the small town attract many tourists. 高中英语重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第四册 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Reading can help us grow into better people.A (truth)story in a book may teach us to be honest,while a story about a(patriot)hero can inspire our love for the country.Some books also teach us to take (responsible)for our choices and actions. However,not all books are helpful.Some may contain(child)ideas that are not suitable for teenagers.To avoid this,we should choose books with positive values.Over time,good books will have a great influence on our character and bring (stable)to our minds. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.truth 2.stability 3.patriotic 4.respected 5.popularity 6.shorten 工.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.truthful 2.lengthen 3.responsibility 4.fashionable 5.childish 6.stability 7. patriotism I完成句子 1.truthful with 2.shorten our 3.respected by 4.stability V语篇填空 1.truthful 2.patriotic 3.responsibility 4.childish 5.stability 5