Unit 2 Natural disasters 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第三册（译林版）

高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit2 Natural disaster's三】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 Unit 2 【Unit2】Natural disasters 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 destination/destr'nen/n.目的dawn/dbn/n.黎明，破晓：开模式；范例：模型 地，终点 端，萌芽：vi.开始：开始清楚column/'kolm/n.柱，圆柱；柱 bar /ba:r)/n.酒吧：小馆子：吧volcano /vDl'kena/n.火山 状物：栏：专栏；队，列 台：条，块；栏杆；障碍：t封；take the form of呈现…的形状；rescue'reskju/n.&t.救援， 阻挡：阻止 采取…的形式 营救，抢救 import/'mp3t/n.进口产品，输trunk /trAnk/n.树干 sharp小ap/adj.灵敏的；锋利 入的产品：输入；mp3:t/t.进unbearable/n'bearabl/adj.难的：急剧的：明显的；尖锐的 口，引进 耐的，无法忍受的 locate /la'ket/t.找出…的准 export/eksp3tn.出口产品，输break out突然开始，爆发 确位置：把…安置在（或建造 出的产品：出口，输出：k'sp3t/beyond/br'jpnd/adv..在（或向）于) t.出口，输出 更远处，在另一边；prep.在（或retire'taIa(r)/vi.&t.退休， port /p3t/n.港口，避风港：港向)更远处；超出；晚于；无法：退职 口城市 超出…之外 silent/'sarlant/adj.沉默的：无 cloud-capped/'klaod kapt/adj.distance/'distans/n.遥远，久声的 高耸入云的，耸入云覆的 远；距离：差异：疏远 ashy/'ei/adj.覆盖着灰的：灰far and wide到处，各处 色的 pattern/petn/n.图案，花样： 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.import/'mp:t/n.进口产品，输入的产品；输入；/m'po:t/t.进口，引进 词汇变形 反义词（名词/动词）：export(出口产品：出口) 构词解析 前缀im-:表“进入”，pot意为“港口”，合为“进入港口”→“进口”。 同类词：import(进口)、export(出口，ex-表“出去"”) 例句：Our country imports a lot of oil from other countries every year. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习）：The government has decided to increase the tax on (import)cars to protect local industries..(答案：imported) 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit2 Natural disasters三】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.unbear able/n'bearabl/adj.难耐的，无法忍受的 词汇变形 反义词：bearable(可忍受的) 动词形式：bear(忍受，承担) 构词解析 前缀un-:表“否定”，ber意为“忍受”，后缀-able表“可…的”，合为“不可忍受的”。 同类词：uncomfortable(不舒服的)、unbelievable(难以置信的) 例句：The heat in the desert was almost unbearable for the travelers. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册单元测试）：After waiting for three hours,the crowd became (bear)and started to leave.（答案：unbearable) 3.distance/distans/n.遥远，久远；距离：差异；疏远 词汇变形 动词形式：distance(疏远，使远离) 形容词形式：distant（遥远的，疏远的) 构词解析 前缀dis-:表“分开”，tant意为“站立”（来自拉丁语stare),合为“分开站立”一“距离”。 同类词：distant(遥远的)、instance(例子，in-表“在…里”) 例句：We can see the distant mountains through the window. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册阅读填空)：The(distant)between the two cities is about500 kilometers.(答案：distance) 4.locate/lev'ket/t.找出…的准确位置：把…安置在（或建造于) 词汇变形 名词形式：location(位置，地点) 形容词形式：located(位于…的) 构词解析 词根loc:意为“地方”，后缀-ate构成动词，表“使…处于某地”。 同类词：location(位置)、local(当地的) 例句：The company plans to locate its new factory in the industrial park 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册语法填空）：The hotel is_(locate))in the center of the city,.so it's very convenient for shopping.(答案：located) 5.retire'taar)/vi.&t.退休，退职 词汇变形 名词形式：retirement(退休) 形容词形式：retired(已退休的) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“回，向后”，tire意为“疲倦”（原义“拉累”），合为“因疲倦而退下”→“退休”。 同类词：return(返回)、recover(恢复) 例句：My grandfather retired from his job at the age of60., 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册完形填空）：After30 years of teaching,Ms.Smith decidedto 2 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit2 Natural disaster's三】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 (retire)and travel around the world.(答案：retire) 6.sharp小ap/adj.灵敏的：锋利的：急剧的：明显的：尖锐的 词汇变形 副词形式：sharply(急剧地，尖锐地) 动词形式：sharpen(使锋利，削尖) 构词解析 后缀-n:加在形容词后构成动词，表“使…变得”。 同类词：widen(加宽)、strengthen（加强) The knife isn't sharp enough to cut the meat.Please sharpen it first 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册阅读理解）：The number of students in our school has increased (shap)in the past five years.（答案：sharply) 7.rescue/reskju:/n.&t.救援，营救，抢救 词汇变形 名词形式：rescuer(救援者) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“再，重新”，scue意为“安全”（来自拉丁语excutere“摇出”），合为“重新回到安全” →“救援”。 同类词：rescue(救援)、recover(恢复) The firefighters managed to rescue three children from the burning building. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册听力填空）：The(rescue)team arrived at the scene within 10 minutes after the accident.(答案：rescue) 8.pattern/'petn/n.图案，花样；模式；范例；模型 词汇变形 动词形式：pattern(模仿，以…为模式) 构词解析 后缀-ern:加在名词后可构成形容词（如modern),此处pattern保留名词词性，表“模式化的东西”。 同类词：modern(现代的)、concern（关心，-cem表“分离”) 例句：The shirt has a pattern of flowers and leaves. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册语法填空）：Children often(pattern)their behavior after their parents.(答案：pattern) 9.column/'kDlm/n.柱，圆柱：柱状物：栏；专栏；队，列 词汇变形 形容词形式：columnar(柱状的) 构词解析 词根col-:表“一起”（来自com-),lun意为“柱子”，合为“共同支撑的柱子”→“列，栏”。 同类词：columnist(专栏作家)、collaborate(合作，col-表“一起”) 例句：There is a famous column in this newspaper written by a famous author 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册阅读理解）：The data is presented in the form of a (column) 3 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit2 Natural disaster's三】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 chart.（答案：column) l0.export/'eksp3tn.专家：adj.熟练的，内行的 词汇变形 动词形式：expertise(专门知识，技能) 构词解析 前缀ex-:表“出，向外”，pet意为“适合的”（来自拉丁语pertinere“属于”)，合为“从…中脱 颖而出的人”一“专家”。 同类词：expertise(专业技能)、expose(暴露) 例句：She is an expert in environmental protection, 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册完形填空）：We need to consult an_(expert)to solve this technical problem.(答案：expert) 11.destination/.destI'nefn/n.目的地，终点 词汇变形 动词形式：destine(注定，预定) 形容词形式：destined(注定的) 构词解析 前缀de-:表“向下，完成”，stin意为“站立”（来自拉丁语stare),后缀-ation构成名词，合为“最 终站立的地方”→“目的地”。 同类词：destination（目的地)、station(车站，st-表“站立”) 例句：What's your destination for this summer vacation? 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册听力填空）：The train will arrive at its(destination)in two hours.(答案：destination) l2.silent/sarlant/adj.沉默的；无声的 词汇变形 名词形式：silence(沉默，寂静) 副词形式：silently(沉默地) 构词解析 后缀-ent:构成形容词，-ence构成名词，表“状态”。 同类词：different(不同的)→difference(差异)、patient(耐心的)→patience(耐心) 例句：The classroom was silent when the teacher came in. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册语法填空）：He walked (silent)into the room so as not to wake the baby.(答案：silently) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The company plans to find the()of its new office in the downtown area. 4 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit2 Natural disasters三】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.After years of hard work,my father decided to(and enjoy his life. 3.The一（距离）between the two villages is only5 kilometers.. 4.We need to call the_()team immediately because someone is trapped in the fire. 5.What is your final一（目的地）for this business trip? 6.The newspaper has a special()about environmental protection every week 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The hotel is(locate)near the train station,so it's convenient for travelers. 2.The number of cars on the road has increased (sharp)in recent years. 3.Children often(pattern)their behavior after their favorite cartoon characters. 4.My grandfather is a_(retire)teacher who still loves reading 5.The government has increased the tax on(import)goods to protect local industries. 6.After waiting for hours,the crowd became_(bear)and started to leave. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这个国家每年从国外进口大量石油。 This countrya lot of oilother countries every year. 2.她是一位环境保护方面的专家。 She is an_environmental protection. 3.沙漠里的炎热几乎让旅行者无法忍受。 The heat in the desert was almost the travelers. 4.我们可以通过窗户看到远处的山脉。 We can see thethrough the window. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 5 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit2 Natural disasters三】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 Last month,Mr.Green,a 65-year-old_(retire)engineer,decided to take a trip to Europe.His (destination)was Paris,the capital of France.He booked a hotel that was(locate)in the city center. On the first day,he visited the Eiffel Tower.From the top,he could see the(distance)buildings clearly.The next day,he went to a famous museum.There,he saw many paintings with beautiful_ (pattern).In the evening,he read a newspaper and found a_(column)about local culture.On his way back to the hotel,he saw a fire and quickly called the_(rescue)team.Thanks to their efforts, no one was hurt.Mr.Green said the trip was unforgettable,and he would always remember the (sharp)contrast between the modern city and traditional culture. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.location 2.retire 3.distance 4.rescue 5.destination 6.column Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.located 2.sharply 3.pattern 4.retired 5.imported 6.unbearable I.完成句子 1.imports;from 2.expert in 3.unbearable for 4.distant mountains V.语篇填空 1.retired 2.destination 3.located 4.distant 5.patterns 6.column 7.rescue 8 sharp 6