Unit 2 Making a difference 一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第三册（外研版）

高中必修第三册外研版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit2】Making a difference 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 contribution/,kontr'bju:n/n.收利用 extend/k'stend/v.持续；延伸 贡献 fountain/fauntan/n.喷水池 nission/'mun/n.职责：使命 relief /rI'lif/n.减轻，缓解 earn/3n/v.挣（钱） disease/d'zi:zn.疾病，病 shortage/btd3/n.短缺，不足，donate /dev'net/v.捐赠，捐献disability/,disa'bilati/n.残疾， 缺乏 break into a smile突然笑起来残障 internal/hn't3nl/adj.内部的 foundation /faun'den/n.基金territory/'teratri/n.地区，地方 effective/'fektrv/adj..有效的，产会 sensitive/'sensativ//adj.敏感的， 生预期效果的 insight/'msat/n.领悟，醒悟 容易生气的 fund/fnd/V.为…提供资金，perseverance/,p3:s3'VIar3ns/n.generous/'d3enar3s/adj.慷慨的， 资助 不屈不挠，坚持不懈 大方的 recycle/,ri:'sakl/v.再利用，回reality/ri'elti/n.真实，现实 hesitate/'hezitert/v.迟疑，犹豫 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.contribution/kontrI'bju:n/n.贡献 动词形式：contribute(贡献；捐献) 构词解析：前缀con-:表“共同、一起”；词根tribut(给予)：后缀-ion:构成名词，表“动作、结 果”。 例句：Her contribution to the project was highly praised by the team 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习)：Everyone should try their best to_(contribution)to society.(答案：contribute) 2.relief /r1'lif/n.减轻，缓解 动词形式：relieve(减轻：缓解) 构词解析：前缀re-:表“回、向后”；词根liev(变轻)：后缀f:构成名词（动词relieve去e加f)。 例句：The medicine brought some relief from the pain. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三教材例句）：It was a relief to hear that she was safe. 3.internal/m't3nl/adj.内部的 反义词：external（外部的) 1 高中必修第三册外研版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析：前缀inter-(此处为in-变体，表“在内”)：词根tem(内部)：后缀-al:构成形容词，表 “…的”。 同类词：international(国际的)、national(国家的) 例句：The company is facing some internal problems. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习）：The_(internal)structure of the building is very complex. (答案：internal) 4.effective/I'fektIv//adj.有效的，产生预期效果的 名词形式：effect（效果；影响) 动词形式：affect(影响) 构词解析：前缀ef.(ex-变体，表“出”)：词根fect(做)：后缀-ive:构成形容词，表“有…作 用的”。 例句：This new policy has proven to be effective in reducing pollution,. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习）：We need to take more(effect)measures to solve the problem.(答案：effective) 5.recycle/i:'sakl/V.再利用，回收利用 名词形式：recycling(回收利用) 构词解析：前缀re-:表“再、又”；词根cycle(循环)。 同类词：reuse(再利用)、rewrite（重写) 例句：We should recycle plastic bottles to protect the environment. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三教材例句）：Recycling paper helps save trees and energy, 6.donation/da'nen/n.捐赠，捐献 动词形式：donate(捐赠；捐献) 构词解析：词根don（给予)：后缀-ate:构成动词；-ion:构成名词，表“动作”。 例句：She made a large donation to the charity, 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习）：Many people (donate)money to help the victims of the earthquake.(答案：donated) 7.foundation/fan'deum/n.基金会：基础 动词形式：found(建立：创办) 形容词形式：fundamental(基础的) 构词解析：词根found(基础)：后缀-ation:构成名词，表“动作、结果”。 例句：The foundation provides financial support for poor students. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习)：Education is the (foundation)of a country's devel- opment..(答案：foundation) 8.extend/ik'stend/v.持续；延伸 名词形式：extension(延伸：扩展) 形容词形式：extensive(广泛的) 构词解析：前缀ex-:表“出、向外”：词根tend（伸展)。 高中必修第三册外研版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句：The meeting will extend into the afternoon. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习）：The road_(extend)for miles through the forest.(答 案：extends) 9.disease/d'zi:z/n.疾病，病 构词解析：前缀dis-:表“否定、相反”；词根eas(舒适)，合意为“不舒适的状态”即“疾病”。 同类词：disorder(混乱：失调)、dishonest(不诚实的) 例句：He is suffering from a rare disease. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三教材例句)：Many diseases are caused by poor living conditions.. 10.disability/,disa'bilati/n.残疾，残障 形容词形式：disabled(残疾的) 构词解析：前缀dis-:表“否定”；词根ability(能力)，合意为“失去能力”即“残疾”。 例句：The organization provides help for people with disabilities. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习）：We should show respect for_(disability)people.(答 案：disabled) l1.sensitive/'sensativ/adj.敏感的，容易生气的 名词形式：sense(感觉：意识) 副词形式：sensitively(敏感地) 构词解析：词根sens(感觉)；后缀-itive:构成形容词，表“有…倾向的”。 同类词：sensitive(敏感的)、positive(积极的) 例句：She is very sensitive about her weight, 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习)：The machine is_(sensitive)to light and temperature (答案：sensitive) l2.generous/'d3 enaras/adj.慷慨的，大方的 名词形式：generosity(慷慨；大方) 构词解析：词根gener（产生；出生)：后缀-ous:构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”。 例句：He is always generous with his time and money. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三教材例句）：It was generous of her to donate so much money to the school.. l3.hesitation/hez'ten/n.迟疑，犹豫 动词形式：hesitate(迟疑；犹豫) 构词解析：前缀hesi-(不确定)：词根tate(做)：后缀-ion:构成名词。 例句：She agreed without hesitation 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习）：Don’t__hesitation)to ask for help if you need it.(答 案：hesitate) 14.reality /ri'elti/n.真实，现实 形容词形式：real（真实的) 副词形式：really(真正地) 3 高中必修第三册外研版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析：词根ral(真实的)：后缀-ity:构成名词，表“性质、状态”。 同类词：possibility(可能性)、ability(能力) 例句：He finally realized his dream and turned it into reality. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习）：n(reality),things are not as easy as we thought.(答 案：reality) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The Red Cross received a large (捐赠)from the local company. 2.Regular exercise can help()stress and improve sleep quality. 3.The (基金会)was set up to support children in poor areas. 4.It is a (that we need to face the challenge bravely. 5.The new policy has had a(n)__(有效的)impact on reducing waste. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Everyone should try their best to(contribution)to environmental protection. 2.The medicine (relieve)his pain after half an hour 3.We should show respect for(disability)people in daily life 4.Her (generous)in helping others won the respect of the community. 5.He agreed to the plan without any (hesitation). 6.The company is planning to (extend)its business to other cities. 个 (recycle)is an important way to reduce environmental pollution. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.教育是国家发展的基础。 Education is the a country's development. 2.听到她安全的消息真是一种解脱。 It was. to hear that she was safe. 高中必修第三册外研版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 3.这家公司正面临一些内部问题。 The company is facing some 4.我们应该回收塑料瓶来保护环境。 We should plastic bottles protect the environment. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Environmental protection is everyone's responsibility.We can make a_ (contribute)by reduc- ing waste and reusing resources.For example,(recycle)paper and plastic helps save en- ergy.Many people also (donate)money to environmental organizations,and some even set up(found)to support green projects.It's important to take (effect)measures in daily life.Remember,small actions can make a big difference to our (real). 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.donation 2.relieve 3.foundation 4.reality 5.effective Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.contribute 2.relieved 3.disabled 4.generosity 5.hesitation 6.extend 7.Recy- cling III.完成句子 1.foundation of 2.a relief 3.internal problems 4.recycle to V语篇填空 1.contribution 2.recycling 3.donate 4.foundations 5.effective 6.reality 5