精品解析：天津南开大学附属中学2025-2026学年度高一年级第二学期期中英语试卷

南开大学附属中学25-26下学期高一年级期中检测 英语学科试卷 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面 5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers probably buy? A. Bread B. Juice. C. Rice. 2. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Host and guest. B. Husband and wife. C. Waiter and customer. 3. Where is Sarah now? A. In the gym. B. In her home. C. In the hospital. 4. Why did the woman miss the show? A. She has no TV. B. She hates dogs. C. She went to bed. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She got lost. B. She was too late. C. She locked the door. 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的“A、"B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，”你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. Why does the man have trouble sleeping? A. He doesn't know what to draw. B. He is not satisfied with his work. C. The woman has made him angry. 7. What is most probably the man's father? A. A teacher. B. A painter. C. A businessman. 8. What is the woman mainly trying to do? A. Comfort the man. B. Apologize to the man. C. Persuade the man to give up. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What does the man want to do? A. Find a job. B. Ask for money. C. Sign up for classes. 10. How many hours a week does the man need to work at least? A. 8. B. 10. C. 20. 11. What does the woman tell the man to do tomorrow? A. Visit the office. B. Fill out a form. C. Make a phone call. 听下面一段独白，回答第12 至第15小题。 12. What is the speaker's profession? A. Artist. B. Tour guide. C. Photographer. 13. What does the speaker say about the park in December? A. It rains a lot here. B. The park is less crowded. C. The tigers there become shy. 14. How many people are there in the tour group? A. 7. B. 12. C. 20. 15. How will they ravel in the south of the park? A. By elephant B. By truck. C. By balloon. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I’m in a total mess here. Can you help me out? — ________! What’s up? A. You bet B. Go ahead C. You’re welcome D. Do it, please 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：—— 我这边一团糟，你能帮帮我吗？—— 当然！出什么事了？A. You bet当然；B. Go ahead请讲，着手做；C. You’re welcome不客气；D. Do it, please请去做。对方请求帮忙，用You bet爽快答应求助，符合语境。 2. A small act of kindness makes a ________to those who are in need. Let’s get started from ourselves. A. promise B. difference C. point D. living 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：小小的善举能给身处困境的人带来改变。让我们从自身做起。A. promise承诺；B. difference差别，改变；C. point要点；D. living生计。根据A small act of kindness可知，小小的善举能给身处困境的人带来改变。固定搭配make a difference表示“有影响、起作用、带来改变”，符合句意。 3. More than one student in the school ________ by his warmth and amazing speech so far. A. was inspired B. has been inspired C. have been inspired D. had been inspired 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：到目前为止，学校里不止一名学生被他的热情和精彩的演讲所鼓舞。根据时间状语so far可知，用现在完成时；“more than one + 单数名词”作主语时，谓语用单数形式；且student与inspire之间为被动关系，需用现在完成时的被动语态，谓语为has been inspired。 4. Ryan had raised about $1000, ________a lot of food and drugs were bought for the local villagers. A. of whom B. for whom C. with which D. for which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：Ryan筹集了大约1000美元，用这笔钱为当地村民购买了大量的食物和药品。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词$1000，指物，关系代词应用which；且从句中表示“用这笔钱”，应用介词with，构成“介词+关系代词”结构。 5. Many students tend to play games or listen to music to ________, especially after a long day of hard work. A. let off steam B. pull your weight C. feel at home D. rise to your feet 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：许多学生往往会打游戏或听音乐来释放压力，尤其是在一整天的辛苦学习之后。A. let off steam释放压力，宣泄情绪；B. pull your weight尽本分，做好分内事；C.feel at home感觉自在、不拘束；D.rise to your feet站起身。结合tend to play games or listen to music可知，此处表达学习后放松、解压，用let off steam。 6. There were about 669 children on the train, most of ________ were Jewish under the threat of the Nazis. A. who B. whom C. which D. them 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：火车上大约有669名儿童，其中大多数是在纳粹威胁下的犹太人。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句。先行词为“669 children”，指人，在从句中作介词“of”的宾语，需用关系代词whom引导，符合语境。 7. A large number of students were asked to ________to welcome the visiting president of the charity. A. get out B. make out C. turn out D. work out 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：众多学生被要求到场迎接来访的慈善机构主席。A. get out出去；离开；B. make out辨认出；理解；C. turn out到场；出席；D. work out算出；锻炼；解决。由语意可知，此处表达学生前来到场迎接来宾。 8. We tend to say “Your haircut is great!” ________we secretly think it’s awful. A. even if B. as if C. when D. because 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：即便我们心里觉得这个发型很难看，我们往往还是会说“你的发型真好看！”A. even if即使，虽然；B. as if好像；C. when当……时候；D. because因为。前后存在让步关系，用even if符合句意。 9. For the children’s well-being and further development, parents are supposed to ________ great significance to their education. A. have B. attach C. contribute D. pay 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：为了孩子的健康成长与长远发展，父母理应高度重视子女的教育。A. have拥有；B. attach认为……具有；C. contribute贡献；D. pay支付。固定搭配attach great significance to表示“高度重视……”，符合本句语境。 10. Filled with anger, you tend to say ________comes to your mind. A. whatever B. whoever C. everything D. anything 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：满心愤怒之下，你往往会随口说出脑海中浮现的任何话语。动词say后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，且指代事物，表示“无论什么”，故使用whatever引导该宾语从句，若选择everything或anything，则需在其后加上关系代词that来引导定语从句。 11. It is raining heavily now. ________ you leave at this moment? A. Can B. Shouldn’t C. Can’t D. Must 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：雨下得正大。你非得这个时候走吗？ A. Can能够，可以（表示能力或许可）； B. Shouldn’t不应该（表示建议或义务）； C. Can’t不能，不可能（表示能力或推测）； D. Must必须，偏偏，非得（表示必要性或带有不耐烦语气的质问）。根据前文“It is raining heavily now.”可知，天气恶劣，此时说话人对于对方执意要在此时离开感到不解或不满；must用于疑问句中，可表示说话人的不满、责备或抱怨，意为“非得，偏要”。 12. — We should work hard to achieve our goal. — ________. Success lies in efforts! A. For sure B. That’s all right C. That’s the point D. That’s OK 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我们应该努力工作来实现目标。——那当然。成功在于努力！A. For sure无疑，准保；B. That’s all right没关系；C. That’s the point说得对；D. That’s OK没关系。上句提出建议，下句用“Success lies in efforts!”表示赞同并补充说明，空格处应表达强烈认同，故用That’s the point。 13. More important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science ________ increasing computer power. A. in case B. thanks to C. in spite of D. in honor of 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：由于计算机能力的不断提高，医学和环境科学领域取得了更重要的进展。A. in case以防万一；B. thanks to由于；C. in spite of尽管；D. in honor of为了纪念。根据句意可知，表示因果关系，用thanks to。 14. ________ by his strange behaviour, the boy kept silent and upset, leaving the room quickly. A. Disappointed B. Disappointing C. Surprised D. Surprising 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：因怪异的行为感到失望，这个男孩沉默沮丧，迅速离开了房间。A. Disappointed感到失望的（修饰人，形容人的主观感受）；B. Disappointing令人失望的（修饰事物，形容事物的属性）；C. Surprised感到惊讶的（修饰人）；D. Surprising令人惊讶的（修饰事物）。结合后文“the boy kept silent and upset”的情绪状态可知，此处表达失望的含义，用修饰人的-ed形式形容词Disappointed。 15. Though it is significant to learn and grow from failures, it is ________ important to recognize accomplishments. A. slightly B. equally C. increasingly D. widely 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：虽然从失败中学习和成长很重要，但认可成就也同样重要。A. slightly轻微地；B. equally同样地；C. increasingly越来越多地；D. widely广泛地。 根据Though引导让步状语从句可知，前后对比说明“从失败中学习和成长”与“认可成就”这两件事具有同等的重要性。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I have a moderate hearing loss. My parents dutifully took me to have regular visits to the audiology (听力学) clinic, but I ____16____ to wear my hearing aids and wanted to live my life without them. These visits struck ____17____ into my heart. As soon as I hit adulthood, I never set foot inside an audiology clinic. I liked to ____18____ myself: Well, I did well at school and went on to university. In my late thirties, it became apparent that my hearing was ____19____; I found having conversations in large groups ____20____. I often turned up the volume (音量) on the TV, relying ____21____ on subtitles (字幕). My lack of ability to ____22____ conversations from a different room also filled my husband with ____23____. When I finally went to the audiologist, he was ____24____ that I should have managed for so long without hearing aids as my loss was now very severe. ____25____ I started wearing my hearing aids, I still considered myself ____26____ in the hearing world. I wish I could say that I wore my aids with ____27____ but I didn’t. I kept my hair down and rarely put it up; I ____28____ answering questions about my hearing aids. A few weeks ago, I went out to dinner with several friends. The waitress noticed my aids and whispered in my friend’s ear, “Is there anything else I can do for this lady?” It felt ____29____ to me, who is at least an independent and hearing person with aids. While I ____30____ her care for the disabled a little, she ____31____ me in some way. She just wanted to communicate with my friends rather than talk ____32____ to me. The experience made me realize the ____33____ that deaf people face. I think I owe a (an) ____34____ to the deaf community for not wearing my hearing aids confidently. I also see the need to build a more deaf-friendly society and I will do what I can to____35____ this. 16. A. promised B. expected C. refused D. managed 17. A. interest B. fear C. eagerness D. curiosity 18. A. entertain B. remind C. blame D. comfort 19. A. improving B. recovering C. worsening D. disappearing 20. A. exciting B. difficult C. interesting D. beneficial 21. A. merely B. heavily C. equally D. partly 22. A. make up B. put off C. carry on D. turn down 23. A. encouragement B. amusement C. happiness D. frustration 24. A. surprised B. proud C. ashamed D. grateful 25. A. Unless B. Until C. Because D. Although 26. A. special B. normal C. talented D. reliable 27. A. kindness B. wisdom C. pride D. patience 28. A. avoided B. regretted C. practiced D. remembered 29. A. polite B. strange C. different D. unpleasant 30. A. judged B. appreciated C. imagined D. doubted 31. A. ignored B. respected C. touched D. encouraged 32. A. calmly B. frequently C. suddenly D. directly 33. A. standards B. challenges C. mistakes D. advantages 34. A. notice B. excuse C. apology D. reward 35. A. support B. change C. discover D. overcome 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述作者听力受损却抗拒助听器，成年听力下降后反思自我并自愿助力听障群体。 【16题详解】 考查动词。句意：我父母尽职地带我定期去听力学诊所检查，但我拒绝戴助听器，想过没有助听器的生活。A. promised承诺；B. expected期待；C. refused拒绝；D. managed设法做到。根据下文“wanted to live my life without them”可知，作者不想要依靠助听器生活，不愿佩戴助听器。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些就诊让我心生恐惧。A. interest兴趣；B. fear恐惧；C. eagerness渴望；D. curiosity好奇。根据下文“As soon as I hit adulthood, I never set foot inside an audiology clinic”可知，作者成年后不再去诊所的行为说明她对就诊感到害怕。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：我喜欢安慰自己：嗯，我学业不错，还上了大学。A. entertain娱乐；B. remind提醒；C. blame责备；D. comfort安慰。根据下文“Well, I did well at school and went on to university”自我肯定的内容可知，作者用“学业顺利”来安抚自己。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：在我三十多岁后期，我的听力明显变差了；我发现在多人场合交谈十分困难。A. improving改善；B. recovering恢复；C. worsening恶化；D. disappearing消失。根据下文“I often turned up the volume (音量) on the TV”和“my loss was now very severe”可知，作者听力变差了。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在我三十多岁后期，我的听力明显变差了；我发现在多人场合交谈十分困难。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. difficult困难的；C. interesting有趣的；D. beneficial有益的。根据上文“In my late thirties, it became apparent that my hearing was”和听力恶化的背景可知，可知，听清对话变得困难。 【21题详解】 考查副词。句意：我经常调高电视音量，仅仅依赖字幕。A. merely仅仅；B. heavily严重地；C. equally平等地；D. partly部分地。根据上文“turned up the volume”及下文“as my loss was now very severe”可知，作者听力恶化严重，仅仅靠字幕理解内容。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我无法在另一个房间继续对话，这让丈夫很沮丧。A. make up编造；B. put off推迟；C. carry on继续；D. turn down拒绝。根据下文“conversations from a different room”及听力损失的情况可知，跨房间对话难以继续。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：我无法在另一个房间继续对话，这让丈夫很无奈。A. encouragement鼓励；B. amusement娱乐；C. happiness快乐；D. frustration沮丧，无奈。根据上文“My lack of ability to ______ conversations from a different room also filled my husband with”可知，作者长期听力不佳、交流受阻，会让家人感到无奈。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当我最终去看听力师时，他很惊讶我这么久没戴助听器还能应付，因为我的听力损失已经很严重了。A. surprised惊讶的；B. proud骄傲的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. grateful感激的。根据下文“should have managed for so long without hearing aids”可知，严重听力损伤却长期不使用助听器，是反常情况，因此医生感到惊讶。 【25题详解】 考查连词。句意：虽然我开始戴助听器，但我仍认为自己属于听力正常世界。A. Unless除非；B. Until直到；C. Because因为；D. Although虽然。根据下文“I started wearing my hearing aids, I still considered myself _____ in the hearing world.”可知，前后分句为转折关系，佩戴助听器却依旧自认正常。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：虽然我开始戴助听器，但我仍认为自己属于听力正常世界。A. special特别的；B. normal正常的；C. talented有天赋的；D. reliable可靠的。根据下文“I wish I could say that I wore my aids with ______ but I didn’t. I kept my hair down and rarely put it up; I ______ answering questions about my hearing aids.”可知，作者刻意遮掩助听器、不愿被特殊对待可知，作者希望自己被视作正常人。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：我希望能说我骄傲地戴着助听器，但其实并没有。A. kindness善良；B. wisdom智慧；C. pride骄傲；D. patience耐心。根据下文“I kept my hair down and rarely put it up; I ______ answering questions about my hearing aids”可知，作者遮掩助听器、回避相关问题，说明作者无法坦然自豪地佩戴助听器。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：我留长发遮住助听器，很少扎起来；也避免回答关于助听器的问题。A. avoided避免；B. regretted后悔；C. practiced练习；D. remembered记得。根据上文“I kept my hair down and rarely put it up”和下文“answering questions about my hearing aids”可知，作者自卑、不愿让人发现自己戴助听器，因此刻意回避相关问题。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这对我来说感觉很不愉快，我至少是个独立且佩戴助听器的听力人士。A. polite礼貌的；B. strange奇怪的；C. different不同的；D. unpleasant不愉快的。根据上文“Is there anything else I can do for this lady?”和下文“who is at least an independent and hearing person with aids”可知，服务员特殊对待作者，让作者产生了不好的感受。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：虽然我些许感激她对残障人士的关怀，但在某种程度上她忽视了我本人。A. judged评判；B. appreciated感激；C. imagined想象；D. doubted怀疑。根据下文“her care for the disabled”可知，作者认可其善意。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：虽然我些许感激她对残障人士的关怀，但在某种程度上她忽视了我本人。A. ignored忽视；B. respected尊重；C. touched触动；D. encouraged鼓励。根据下文“She just wanted to communicate with my friends rather than talk ______ to me.”可知，服务员绕过作者直接和朋友沟通，变相忽视了作者。 【32题详解】 考查副词。句意：她只想和朋友交流，而不是直接和我说话。A. calmly冷静地；B. frequently频繁地；C. suddenly突然地；D. directly直接地。根据前文“whispered in my friend’s ear”可知，服务员未直接与作者对话。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：这次经历让我意识到聋人面临的挑战。A. standards标准；B. challenges挑战；C. mistakes错误；D. advantages优势。根据全文对听力障碍者困境的描述可知，这是他们面对的挑战。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：我觉得欠聋人社群一个道歉，因为我未能自信地佩戴助听器。A. notice通知；B. excuse借口；C. apology道歉；D. reward奖励。根据下文“not wearing my hearing aids confidently”可知，作者从前逃避佩戴助听器、不愿正视自身听障，如今醒悟，心怀愧疚，想要致歉。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：我也意识到建设更友好的听障友好型社会的必要性，并会尽我所能为此助力。A. support支持；B. change改变；C. discover发现；D. overcome克服。根据下文“build a more deaf-friendly society”可知，作者愿为此贡献力量，支持这个事业。 第三部分： 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A welcoming and supportive community Everyone wants to feel that they belong and can be themselves. Oxford takes the well-being of all of its students very seriously. Every undergraduate belongs to a college, which means you will have your own close-knit Oxford community. You will also have lots of opportunities to join groups, societies and campaigns that celebrate diversity and promote change.  Fitting in You may have been told that there’s an “Oxford type”, but actually our students and staff come from all over the world and from all kinds of backgrounds. This helps make Oxford such an exciting learning environment. Oxford students have academic ability and intellectual curiosity in common — but that’s pretty much it! With over 26,000 students from across the globe at Oxford, each with an amazing range of interests, you will meet people like you and not like you. This is likely to be one of the most enjoyable and liberating aspects of your student life here. If you’re not sure whether you’ll fit in, or whether you’ll like Oxford, why not come to one of our Open Days or outreach events and talk to current students? Or be involved with UNIQ. All we ask is that you make up your own mind. Help is on hand Oxford terms are exciting, but can also be pretty intense. It’s important you know there are lots of people who will want to help if times get tough or you find yourself running out of steam. You can always talk to friends, but there is also trained and professional support available. And it’s not just about when things go wrong — there are so many different communities at Oxford that you will find lots of ways to build your support network and spend time with people who share your interests — whatever motivates you and whoever you want to be.  College life Oxford’s colleges are at the heart of the Oxford student experience and make our University a very special place to study and live. There are over 30 colleges and halls and all undergraduate students belong to one. If you come here, you are likely to spend much of your time in your college, particularly in your first year. Living in Oxford Oxford is a small city, easily explored on foot or by bike or bus. Importantly, it is also well known as a safe city. The Complete University Guide ranks Oxford in its top twenty safest student cities. Green spaces abound, ranging from the huge expanses of Port Meadow and Shotover Hill, the University Parks, Christ Church Meadow, South Park (location for many a festival), to miles of waterside walks and many other peaceful corners. If it's entertainment you're looking for, then Oxford offers everything from student club nights to stand up comedy. The city has classical concerts, plays and musicals, cinemas and an abundance of live-music venues. “The nightlife is a lot better than I expected. I mean the pubs, clubs and even venues where bands perform [...] I really enjoy the funk & soul and 80s nights.” -Mili 36. According to the passage, what do Oxford students have in common? A. They come from similar backgrounds. B. They share academic ability and intellectual curiosity. C. They all belong to the same college. D. They have the same range of interests. 37. What does the passage suggest students should do if they are struggling during their studies? A. Leave Oxford and take a break. B. share feelings with close classmates regularly. C. Seek help from trained professionals. D. Wait until things get better on their own. 38. What can be inferred about Mili from her comment at the end of the passage? A. She had thought Oxford’s nightlife was much worse. B. She prefers quiet evenings in college. C. She had lower expectations for nightlife before coming. D. She enjoys her performance in the nightlife. 39. What can be learned about Oxford from the “Living in Oxford” section? A. It is a small city that is tough to explore on foot. B. It is ranked as one of the safest student cities in the UK. C. Most of Oxford’s green spaces are located far from the city center. D. Entertainment in Oxford is mainly focused on classical concerts and live music. 40. Where would this passage most likely appear? A. A tourist guidebook to the city of Oxford. B. A university's official website for would-be college students. C. An academic report rating education quality in Oxford. D. A local newspaper article about university student life. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. C 39. B 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文从社群氛围、帮扶支持、学院生活、城市环境等方面介绍牛津大学，全面展示校园与城市风貌，吸引意向学生前来就读。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Oxford students have academic ability and intellectual curiosity in common — but that’s pretty much it!(牛津大学的学生都具备学识能力与求知欲，除此之外便各有不同。)”可知，牛津学生的共同点是拥有学识能力和求知欲。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“It’s important you know there are lots of people who will want to help if times get tough or you find yourself running out of steam. You can always talk to friends, but there is also trained and professional support available.(你要明白一点：当处境艰难或是感到心力交瘁时，会有很多人愿意伸出援手，这一点至关重要。你固然可以向朋友倾诉，同时也能寻求专业人士的帮助。)”可知，学习遇到困难时可以向专业人员寻求帮助。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The nightlife is a lot better than I expected.(这里的夜生活比我预想的要好得多。)”可知，米莉来这里之前，对当地夜生活的期待并不高。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据Living in Oxford部分“The Complete University Guide ranks Oxford in its top twenty safest student cities.(《完全大学指南》将牛津列为英国最安全的学生城市前二十名。)”可知，牛津被评为英国最安全的学生城市之一。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“If you’re not sure whether you’ll fit in, or whether you’ll like Oxford, why not come to one of our Open Days or outreach events and talk to current students? Or be involved with UNIQ. All we ask is that you make up your own mind.(如果你不确定自己能否适应、是否喜欢牛津，不妨参加学校的开放日或推广活动，和在校学生交流，也可以参与UNIQ项目。我们只希望你做出自己的判断。)”可知，文章介绍校园环境、学习生活并邀请意向学生参加招生相关活动，由此判断本文最有可能刊登在该校面向潜在申请者的官方网站上。 B As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain. It was very close – only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometres to get water every day? And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?” At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbours. He soon reached his first target of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well. Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump. Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn’t help the children. What they needed was a well dug near their homes. Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He was determined to help other children have clean water. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money. At the same time, a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit. In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. But that was not all. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. They sang and danced happily. Some even offered him food and gifts. At first Ryan was nervous, but soon a great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile. Later, Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help. Many inspired people gave him their support. Ryan’s foundation continues to attract support from more and more people, so the work of building more wells can go on. Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water. Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help?”, but “How can I help today?”. This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality. 41. The questions in Paragraph 1 shows that ________. A. He doubted the truth of his teacher’s words. B. He wanted to move to Africa to help the children. C. He was concerned about the living conditions of African children. D. He made efforts to raise money to build a well. 42. What can we infer from Paragraph 4 about Ryan’s feeling when he was welcomed by Ugandan students? A. He tended to feel uneasy facing large groups of people. B. He realized his effort paid off. C. He felt proud of building the well on his own. D. The food and gifts offered made him break into a joyful smile. 43. Why did Ryan change his original question from “Why don’t I help?” to “How can I help today?” when he grew up? A. His experience made him focus on practical actions. B. He thought “Why don’t I help?” was a waste of time. C. His mother’s friend encouraged him to ask practical questions. D. The latter question could attract more people to donate. 44. The underlined word “perseverance” in the last paragraph probably means ________. A. the ability to make their dreams known to others. B. the ability to keep doing something despite challenges C. the courage to try new things without hesitation D. the habit of making detailed plans before taking action 45. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. A Well-Built Dream: How a Canadian Boy Changed Some African Lives. B. The History of Ryan’s Foundation in Helping African Countries. C. The Importance of Clean Water for Children in Developing Countries. D. From a Small Question to a Global Movement: Ryan’s Story. 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了加拿大男孩Ryan为非洲儿童筹款打井获清洁水的励志故事。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometres to get water every day? And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?”(于是Ryan暗自思忖：“为什么有些非洲儿童每天要走上十公里去取水？为什么那里的水如此肮脏，以致让他们生病？”年幼的瑞恩想：“我的生活很轻松，他们的生活却如此艰难。我为什么不帮助他们呢？”)”可知，Ryan提出这些问题是因为他关心非洲儿童的生活条件。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“At first Ryan was nervous, but soon a great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile.(起初瑞恩有些紧张，但很快便被巨大的暖意包围。他真的改变了这些孩子的生活，脸上绽放出喜悦的笑容。)”可知，他意识到自己的努力得到了回报。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help?”, but “How can I help today?”. This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.(如今已成年的Ryan说，我们要问的问题不是“我为什么不帮忙？”，而是“今天我能如何帮忙？”。这份感悟源于一个六岁男孩坚定的态度，他用勇气和毅力将梦想照进了现实。)”可知，他的经历使他从空泛的疑问转向了实际行动。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help?”, but “How can I help today?”. This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.(如今已成年的Ryan说，我们要问的问题不是“我为什么不帮忙？”，而是“今天我能如何帮忙？”。这份感悟源于一个六岁男孩坚定的态度，他用勇气和perseverance将梦想照进了现实。)”可知，一个六岁男孩坚定的态度，他用勇气和毅力将梦想照进了现实，perseverance与courage并列，指面对困难仍坚持做某事的品质，即“坚持不懈”。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。全文围绕Ryan从六岁时的一个问题出发，筹款为非洲打井，最终建立基金会帮助超过80万人获得清洁水的故事展开。A选项“A Well-Built Dream: How a Canadian Boy Changed Some African Lives(筑梦成行：一名加拿大男孩如何改变非洲众人的生活)”，最能概括全文主旨。 C For thousands of years, donkeys have been critical for driving human civilizations forward. They’ve helped pull wheeled vehicles, carry travelers and move goods across the world. But where and when these animals first became closely connected with humans has been a mystery. Now, researchers have used genomes of over 200 donkeys to trace their domestication back to a single event around 7,000 years ago in East Africa — about 3,000 years before humans tamed horses. The team published their findings in the journal Science this month. “Through their DNA, the animals are telling their history themselves,” co-author Samantha Brooks, an equine researcher at the University of Florida, says in a statement. “We usually only get the human’s side of history through written accounts, but of course written history does not always record exactly how something happened. Looking at these DNA sequences, we get biological evidence to the environment these animals lived in and the experiences they survived.” The researchers examined 207 genomes from modern donkeys living in 31 countries across the globe. They also looked at genomes from 15 wild equids (马科动物) and 31 earlier donkeys that lived between about 4,000 and 100 years ago. The team reconstructed the animals’ evolutionary tree and used computer models to pinpoint the domestication event, when herders (牧人) in Kenya and the Horn of Africa tamed wild donkeys. They then traced how the animals spread across the rest of the continent into Europe and Asia about 2,500 years later. Though it’s still unclear why the original domestication happened, Science News’ Freda Kreier reports that the event coincided with the Sahara growing larger and drier. “Donkeys are champions when it comes to carrying stuff and are good at going at Sahara deserts,” co-author Ludovic Orlando, an evolutionary biologist at Paul Sabatier University in France, tells the publication. Prehistoric humans may have enlisted donkeys’ help in navigating the expanding Sahara. Researchers say these findings could help put donkeys in the spotlight. The animals could benefit from more research: Currently, there are no published genomes from donkeys located south of the Equator in Africa. But understanding where the animals were first domesticated could guide archaeologists to a narrower region to search for insights about the original tamed donkeys. Not only does understanding the equines’ genetic makeup help reveal their contribution to human history, but it also might improve their management in the future, as climate change alters the planet’s environment, write the authors. 46. What can be learned about donkeys from Paragraph 1? A. They seemed mysterious to human ancestors. B. They underwent multiple domestication events. C. They were tamed at an earlier time than horses. D. They were vividly described by ancient travelers. 47. What message is conveyed in Brooks’ statement? A. The earliest habitats of donkeys are hardly traceable. B. It is increasingly easy to read donkeys’ DNA sequences. C. Written accounts contain vital clues for donkey research. D. Genetic analysis offers insight into the history of donkeys. 48. In their study, the researchers investigate how donkeys ________. A. spread widely in the world B. survived with the help of herders C. developed certain behavioral traits D. adapted to the changing environment 49. As to why the original domestication of donkeys happened, Orlando ________. A. challenges conventional ideas B. provides a possible explanation C. calls for evidence from the Sahara D. holds a different view from Kreier 50. The authors think that their research could help with ________. A. greater protection of wildlife B. better management of donkeys C. recovering early types of donkeys D. raising awareness of climate change 【答案】46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了数千年来，驴对人类文明至关重要，但其驯化起源一直成谜。研究人员通过分析 200 多个驴的基因组，确定它们约7000年前在东非被驯化，早于马3000年。这一发现不仅揭示了驴对人类历史的贡献，也有助于未来对其进行更好的保护与管理。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Now, researchers have used genomes of over 200 donkeys to trace their domestication back to a single event around 7,000 years ago in East Africa — about 3,000 years before humans tamed horses.(如今，研究人员通过对200多头驴的基因组进行分析，追溯了它们的驯化历史，发现这一过程大约发生在7000年前的东非地区——比人类驯化马匹的时间早了约3000年)”可知，驴的驯化时间比马早了约3000年。故选C。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Looking at these DNA sequences, we get biological evidence to the environment these animals lived in and the experiences they survived.(通过对这些DNA序列的分析，我们获得了有关这些动物所生存的环境以及它们所经历的生存过程的生物学证据)”可知，通过DNA序列可以获得生物学证据来了解驴的历史。故选D。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“They then traced how the animals spread across the rest of the continent into Europe and Asia about 2,500 years later.(随后，他们进一步探究了这些动物是如何在大约2500年后迁徙至该大陆的其他地区，并最终抵达欧洲和亚洲的)”可知，研究者追踪了驴如何广泛分布到世界各地。故选A。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段““Donkeys are champions when it comes to carrying stuff and are good at going at Sahara deserts,” co-author Ludovic Orlando, an evolutionary biologist at Paul Sabatier University in France, tells the publication. Prehistoric humans may have enlisted donkeys’ help in navigating the expanding Sahara.(该论文的合著者、法国保罗萨巴蒂耶大学的进化生物学家卢多维克·奥兰多在接受该媒体采访时表示：“在搬运重物方面，驴子堪称佼佼者，而且它们擅长在撒哈拉沙漠地带行进。”史前人类或许曾借助驴子的帮助来穿越不断扩张的撒哈拉沙漠)”可知，至于驴的最初驯化原因，奥兰多给出了一个可能的解释。故选B。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Not only does understanding the equines’ genetic makeup help reveal their contribution to human history, but it also might improve their management in the future, as climate change alters the planet’s environment, write the authors.(作者们指出，了解马科动物的基因构成不仅有助于揭示它们对人类历史的贡献，而且在未来还可能有助于改善对它们的管理，因为气候变化正在改变地球的环境)”可知，研究有助于改进未来对驴的管理。故选B。 D Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations of children to science. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact. The well-known story is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite during a storm in 1752. At that time, there was much interest in electricity. People wanted to know if lightning was really produced by electricity or something else. Franklin was one of them. He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it. A metal key was attached to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock. This, he said, proved that lightning was a form of electricity. For many years, schools have taught the story of Franklin’s lightning experiment. More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. Franklin, along with many other scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions. However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. The detail about the string and the key is true. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock. Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish the facts. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity. In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head. Admittedly, fiction is often more interesting than the truth. People have been more inspired by Franklin’s spirit of scientific exploration than by the facts themselves. But in science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear — even if it is a great story. 51. What proved lightning was a form of electricity? A. Lightning touching the kite in a heavy storm. B. The metal key conducting electricity down to the ground. C. Franklin flying a kite during a thunderstorm and seeing flashes. D. Franklin getting an electric shock from the key. 52. What can we infer about scientists from the text? A. They doubt old statements with logical evidence. B. They refuse to accept any accepted ideas. C. They were worried about Franklin's safety during the experiment. D. They firmly believe Franklin’s experiment is a fiction. 53. Why does the story of Franklin’s kite experiment continue to inspire people? A. It proves that scientific experiments are always dangerous. B. It provides a perfect example of how to conduct experiments. C. It reminds people to be brave and never give up. D. It shows Franklin’s courage and scientific curiosity. 54. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? A. The details of Franklin’s experiment are not fully true. B. Franklin’s experiment was very dangerous. C. Scientists have different ideas about electricity. D. Franklin’s experiment itself has been proved to have taken place. 55. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To introduce Franklin and his famous experiment. B. To give suggestions on how to establish the truth in experiment. C. To encourage people to question accepted ideas and seek the truth. D. To inform us that we should not believe what we read or hear. 【答案】51. D 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文指出富兰克林风筝实验的流传细节并非完全属实，同时列举科学家质疑经典典故的事例，呼吁人们秉持科学精神，敢于质疑、探求真相。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock. This, he said, proved that lightning was a form of electricity. (随后富兰克林用手指触碰钥匙，遭到了电击。他称这就证明了闪电是一种电。)”可知，富兰克林被钥匙电击这一过程被用来证明闪电属于电的一种形式。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock. (但所有科学家都一致认为，倘若富兰克林真的触碰了那把钥匙，他一定会触电身亡。)”以及第五段“Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish the facts. (科学家常常质疑公认的说法，只为还原事实真相。)”可知，科学家会依托逻辑依据去质疑旧有说法。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. (一代又一代的学生都惊叹于他的勇气以及他探求真理的科学态度。)”和最后一段“People have been more inspired by Franklin’s spirit of scientific exploration than by the facts themselves. (相较于事实本身，人们更多是被富兰克林的科学探索精神所鼓舞。)”可知，这个故事之所以一直激励世人，是因为它展现出富兰克林的勇气与求知欲。 【54题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. (然而，这个故事以及实验的细节并非完全属实。)”结合本段后文内容可知，第四段主要讲述富兰克林风筝实验的相关细节并不完全真实。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But in science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear — even if it is a great story. (但在科学领域，事实必须经由实验和研究证实，我们不应一味相信所见所闻，即便那是一个精彩的故事。)”可知，作者写作本文的目的是鼓励人们质疑固有观点、主动探寻真相。 第Ⅱ卷 第四部分： 写作 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 It wasn’t until he moved near an airfield in the UK over a decade ago that mechanical engineer Ashok Aliseril Thamarakshan began to seriously consider learning to fly a plane. His first flying experience came a few years later, a 30-minute flight his wife bought him as a birthday gift. This experience made him hooked on flying — he felt it brought great freedom to go anywhere with the ability and an aircraft. Aliseril got his private pilot’s license in 2019 and started hiring small planes for short flights. But with two daughters born, the two-seater planes were no longer suitable. He gave up buying old aircraft, which are unsafe and uncomfortable, and decided to build his own, as it would help him understand the plane better for long-term maintenance. After researching, he chose a four-seater kit (成套组件) from a South African company. He ordered it in early 2020, but the UK lockdown due to Covid-19 delayed his plan, which made him adjust his schedule a little. Undeterred, he built a small shed in his garden and started the project in April 2020, with the Light Aircraft Association (英国轻型飞机协会) inspecting each stage. His engineering and home improvement experience helped a lot. The kit had clear instructions, so he could finish most work alone, with his wife and daughters helping sometimes. After 18 months of hard work, his plane, named G-Diya after his youngest daughter, passed all inspections and had its first flight in January 2022. He felt great relief and pride when the test flight succeeded. Since then, Aliseril has flown with his family to many places, and shared the plane with three friends to reduce costs. He hopes more young people will try such projects, as shared ownership makes it more cost-efficient and helps form friendships in the aviation (航空) world. 56. What made Aliseril first consider learning to fly a plane? (No more than 7 words) ______________________________________ 57. What do the underlined words in Para.1 mean? (No more than 2 words) ______________________________________ 58. Why did Aliseril choose to build his own aircraft? (No more than12 words) ______________________________________ 59. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? (No more than 7 words) ______________________________________ 60. What advice would you give to teenage aviation lovers? Please explain. (No more than 25 words) ______________________________________ 【答案】56. His moving/living near an airfield. 或That he moved near an airfield. 57. Addicted to/Crazy about. 58. Because it would help him understand the plane better for long-term maintenance./To better maintain his plane. 59. He completed his plane and tested it successfully. 60. （开放）内容符合要求，语言正确，逻辑通顺即可 如：You should try shared ownership. It helps cut costs and develop aviation friendships./You can try shared aviation projects. They are cost-effective and help build new friendships. 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了工程师Ashok Aliseril Thamarakshan自建飞机并实现家庭飞行梦，鼓励年轻人参与航空共享项目。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“It wasn’t until he moved near an airfield in the UK over a decade ago that mechanical engineer Ashok Aliseril Thamarakshan began to seriously consider learning to fly a plane.(直到十几年前搬到英国一个机场附近，机械工程师Ashok Aliseril Thamarakshan才开始认真考虑学习驾驶飞机)”可知，是他住在机场附近促使他产生了学开飞机的念头。 【57题详解】 考查词句猜测。根据第一段中“he felt it brought great freedom to go anywhere with the ability and an aircraft.(他觉得有了这项能力和飞机，可以去任何地方，带来了极大的自由)”可知，这次飞行体验让他非常喜欢飞行，无法自拔。Hooked on意为“沉迷于，上瘾于”可以表达为“Addicted to/Crazy about.”。 【58题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“He gave up buying old aircraft, which are unsafe and uncomfortable, and decided to build his own, as it would help him understand the plane better for long-term maintenance.(他放弃了购买老旧飞机，因为它们既不安全也不舒适，他决定自己建造一架，因为这有助于他为了更好地长期维护而更好地了解飞机)”可知，他选择自建飞机是为了更好地了解以及维护飞机。 【59题详解】 考查主旨大意。结合第四段“His engineering and home improvement experience helped a lot. The kit had clear instructions, so he could finish most work alone, with his wife and daughters helping sometimes. After 18 months of hard work, his plane, named G-Diya after his youngest daughter, passed all inspections and had its first flight in January 2022. He felt great relief and pride when the test flight succeeded.(他的工程和家装经验帮了大忙。成套组件配有清晰的说明书，因此他基本能独自完成大部分工作，偶尔妻子和女儿也会搭把手。经过18个月的辛勤付出，这架以幼女之名命名为“G‑迪娅号”的飞机顺利通过了全部检测，并于2022年1月完成首飞。试飞成功的那一刻，他感到如释重负，心中满是自豪)”可知，第四段主要讲述了他凭借工程经验，在家人帮助下独自完成了大部分组装工作，并在18个月后通过了检查，试飞成功。核心是“完成建造并成功试飞”。 【60题详解】 考查开放性试题。根据最后一段“He hopes more young people will try such projects, as shared ownership makes it more cost-efficient and helps form friendships in the aviation (航空) world.(他希望更多的年轻人尝试这样的项目，因为共享所有权使其更具成本效益，并有助于在航空界建立友谊)”可知，内容符合要求，语言正确，逻辑通顺即可，如：我建议年轻人尝试共享航空项目，既省钱又能结交朋友。 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61. 某网络平台正在举办“Role Models of Our Times (时代榜样)”年度人物评选活动。以下五位候选人，均在各自领域为国家发展、社会进步作出了卓越贡献，彰显了新时代的中国精神。请你根据材料信息，推荐一位你心目中的年度榜样人物，向活动主办方撰写一篇英文推荐短文。 1. 对提名候选人进行概括性评论； 2. 从中选择一位你推荐的年度人物，介绍他/她的主要事迹； 3. 谈谈该人物对个人的启发或社会的影响。 Name Field Contributions & Achievements 钟南山 Zhong Nanshan Medical research A respected medical expert. He always puts people’s lives first and bravely fights public health risks. 屠呦呦 Tu Youyou Science A great scientist. She kept doing medical research and created life-saving treatment for people worldwide. 张桂梅 Zhang Guimei Education A selfless educator. She built free schools and helped poor girls get education to change their lives. 韩红 Han Hong Non-profit charity A warm-hearted public welfare pioneer. She keeps doing charity and helps people in need all the time. 南仁东 Nan Rendong Astronomy The father of China’s FAST telescope. He devoted his whole life to China’s astronomical dream. 注意： 1. 词数不少于100（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 可适当增加细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； 3. 文中不得出现真实的姓名、地名及学校名称（候选人姓名可保留）。 Person of the Year All the five candidates are outstanding figures who have made great efforts in their own fields. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Person of the Year All the five candidates are outstanding figures who have made great efforts in their own fields. With a strong sense of responsibility and devotion, they have promoted national development and brought positive energy to the whole society. I firmly recommend Zhong Nanshan to be the Person of the Year. As a respected medical expert, he always puts people’s lives and health in the first place. Whenever public health risks come, he bravely steps forward, devoting himself to fighting against the risks and protecting the public’s safety with his professional knowledge. Zhong Nanshan’s spirit has a far-reaching influence on me and the society. He teaches me what responsibility and courage really are. His noble deeds inspire more people to stick to their posts and serve the country, making great contributions to building a better society. 【解析】 【导语】某网络平台正在举办“Role Models of Our Times (时代榜样)”年度人物评选活动。本篇书面表达要求考生根据材料信息，推荐一位心目中的年度榜样人物，向活动主办方撰写一篇英文推荐短文。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 影响：influence → impact 受人尊敬的：respected → honoured 深远的：far-reaching → profound 勇气：courage → bravery 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With a strong sense of responsibility and devotion, they have promoted national development and brought positive energy to the whole society. 拓展句：Because they possess a strong sense of responsibility and devotion, they have promoted national development and brought positive energy to the whole society. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Whenever public health risks come, he bravely steps forward, devoting himself to fighting against the risks and protecting the public’s safety with his professional knowledge.（运用了Whenever引导的时间状语从句、现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】He teaches me what responsibility and courage really are. （运用了what引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 南开大学附属中学25-26下学期高一年级期中检测 英语学科试卷 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面 5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers probably buy? A. Bread B. Juice. C. Rice. 2. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Host and guest. B. Husband and wife. C. Waiter and customer. 3. Where is Sarah now? A. In the gym. B. In her home. C. In the hospital. 4. Why did the woman miss the show? A. She has no TV. B. She hates dogs. C. She went to bed. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She got lost. B. She was too late. C. She locked the door. 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的“A、"B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，”你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. Why does the man have trouble sleeping? A. He doesn't know what to draw. B. He is not satisfied with his work. C. The woman has made him angry. 7. What is most probably the man's father? A. A teacher. B. A painter. C. A businessman. 8. What is the woman mainly trying to do? A. Comfort the man. B. Apologize to the man. C. Persuade the man to give up. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What does the man want to do? A. Find a job. B. Ask for money. C. Sign up for classes. 10. How many hours a week does the man need to work at least? A. 8. B. 10. C. 20. 11. What does the woman tell the man to do tomorrow? A. Visit the office. B. Fill out a form. C. Make a phone call. 听下面一段独白，回答第12 至第15小题。 12. What is the speaker's profession? A. Artist. B. Tour guide. C. Photographer. 13. What does the speaker say about the park in December? A. It rains a lot here. B. The park is less crowded. C. The tigers there become shy. 14. How many people are there in the tour group? A. 7. B. 12. C. 20. 15. How will they ravel in the south of the park? A. By elephant B. By truck. C. By balloon. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I’m in a total mess here. Can you help me out? — ________! What’s up? A. You bet B. Go ahead C. You’re welcome D. Do it, please 2. A small act of kindness makes a ________to those who are in need. Let’s get started from ourselves. A. promise B. difference C. point D. living 3. More than one student in the school ________ by his warmth and amazing speech so far. A. was inspired B. has been inspired C. have been inspired D. had been inspired 4. Ryan had raised about $1000, ________a lot of food and drugs were bought for the local villagers. A. of whom B. for whom C. with which D. for which 5. Many students tend to play games or listen to music to ________, especially after a long day of hard work. A. let off steam B. pull your weight C. feel at home D. rise to your feet 6. There were about 669 children on the train, most of ________ were Jewish under the threat of the Nazis. A. who B. whom C. which D. them 7. A large number of students were asked to ________to welcome the visiting president of the charity. A. get out B. make out C. turn out D. work out 8. We tend to say “Your haircut is great!” ________we secretly think it’s awful. A. even if B. as if C. when D. because 9. For the children’s well-being and further development, parents are supposed to ________ great significance to their education. A. have B. attach C. contribute D. pay 10. Filled with anger, you tend to say ________comes to your mind. A. whatever B. whoever C. everything D. anything 11. It is raining heavily now. ________ you leave at this moment? A. Can B. Shouldn’t C. Can’t D. Must 12. — We should work hard to achieve our goal. — ________. Success lies in efforts! A. For sure B. That’s all right C. That’s the point D. That’s OK 13. More important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science ________ increasing computer power. A. in case B. thanks to C. in spite of D. in honor of 14. ________ by his strange behaviour, the boy kept silent and upset, leaving the room quickly. A. Disappointed B. Disappointing C. Surprised D. Surprising 15. Though it is significant to learn and grow from failures, it is ________ important to recognize accomplishments. A. slightly B. equally C. increasingly D. widely 第二节：完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I have a moderate hearing loss. My parents dutifully took me to have regular visits to the audiology (听力学) clinic, but I ____16____ to wear my hearing aids and wanted to live my life without them. These visits struck ____17____ into my heart. As soon as I hit adulthood, I never set foot inside an audiology clinic. I liked to ____18____ myself: Well, I did well at school and went on to university. In my late thirties, it became apparent that my hearing was ____19____; I found having conversations in large groups ____20____. I often turned up the volume (音量) on the TV, relying ____21____ on subtitles (字幕). My lack of ability to ____22____ conversations from a different room also filled my husband with ____23____. When I finally went to the audiologist, he was ____24____ that I should have managed for so long without hearing aids as my loss was now very severe. ____25____ I started wearing my hearing aids, I still considered myself ____26____ in the hearing world. I wish I could say that I wore my aids with ____27____ but I didn’t. I kept my hair down and rarely put it up; I ____28____ answering questions about my hearing aids. A few weeks ago, I went out to dinner with several friends. The waitress noticed my aids and whispered in my friend’s ear, “Is there anything else I can do for this lady?” It felt ____29____ to me, who is at least an independent and hearing person with aids. While I ____30____ her care for the disabled a little, she ____31____ me in some way. She just wanted to communicate with my friends rather than talk ____32____ to me. The experience made me realize the ____33____ that deaf people face. I think I owe a (an) ____34____ to the deaf community for not wearing my hearing aids confidently. I also see the need to build a more deaf-friendly society and I will do what I can to____35____ this. 16. A. promised B. expected C. refused D. managed 17. A. interest B. fear C. eagerness D. curiosity 18. A. entertain B. remind C. blame D. comfort 19. A. improving B. recovering C. worsening D. disappearing 20. A. exciting B. difficult C. interesting D. beneficial 21. A. merely B. heavily C. equally D. partly 22. A. make up B. put off C. carry on D. turn down 23. A. encouragement B. amusement C. happiness D. frustration 24. A. surprised B. proud C. ashamed D. grateful 25. A. Unless B. Until C. Because D. Although 26. A. special B. normal C. talented D. reliable 27. A. kindness B. wisdom C. pride D. patience 28. A. avoided B. regretted C. practiced D. remembered 29. A. polite B. strange C. different D. unpleasant 30. A. judged B. appreciated C. imagined D. doubted 31. A. ignored B. respected C. touched D. encouraged 32. A. calmly B. frequently C. suddenly D. directly 33. A. standards B. challenges C. mistakes D. advantages 34. A. notice B. excuse C. apology D. reward 35. A. support B. change C. discover D. overcome 第三部分： 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A welcoming and supportive community Everyone wants to feel that they belong and can be themselves. Oxford takes the well-being of all of its students very seriously. Every undergraduate belongs to a college, which means you will have your own close-knit Oxford community. You will also have lots of opportunities to join groups, societies and campaigns that celebrate diversity and promote change.  Fitting in You may have been told that there’s an “Oxford type”, but actually our students and staff come from all over the world and from all kinds of backgrounds. This helps make Oxford such an exciting learning environment. Oxford students have academic ability and intellectual curiosity in common — but that’s pretty much it! With over 26,000 students from across the globe at Oxford, each with an amazing range of interests, you will meet people like you and not like you. This is likely to be one of the most enjoyable and liberating aspects of your student life here. If you’re not sure whether you’ll fit in, or whether you’ll like Oxford, why not come to one of our Open Days or outreach events and talk to current students? Or be involved with UNIQ. All we ask is that you make up your own mind. Help is on hand Oxford terms are exciting, but can also be pretty intense. It’s important you know there are lots of people who will want to help if times get tough or you find yourself running out of steam. You can always talk to friends, but there is also trained and professional support available. And it’s not just about when things go wrong — there are so many different communities at Oxford that you will find lots of ways to build your support network and spend time with people who share your interests — whatever motivates you and whoever you want to be.  College life Oxford’s colleges are at the heart of the Oxford student experience and make our University a very special place to study and live. There are over 30 colleges and halls and all undergraduate students belong to one. If you come here, you are likely to spend much of your time in your college, particularly in your first year. Living in Oxford Oxford is a small city, easily explored on foot or by bike or bus. Importantly, it is also well known as a safe city. The Complete University Guide ranks Oxford in its top twenty safest student cities. Green spaces abound, ranging from the huge expanses of Port Meadow and Shotover Hill, the University Parks, Christ Church Meadow, South Park (location for many a festival), to miles of waterside walks and many other peaceful corners. If it's entertainment you're looking for, then Oxford offers everything from student club nights to stand up comedy. The city has classical concerts, plays and musicals, cinemas and an abundance of live-music venues. “The nightlife is a lot better than I expected. I mean the pubs, clubs and even venues where bands perform [...] I really enjoy the funk & soul and 80s nights.” -Mili 36. According to the passage, what do Oxford students have in common? A. They come from similar backgrounds. B. They share academic ability and intellectual curiosity. C. They all belong to the same college. D. They have the same range of interests. 37. What does the passage suggest students should do if they are struggling during their studies? A. Leave Oxford and take a break. B. share feelings with close classmates regularly. C. Seek help from trained professionals. D. Wait until things get better on their own. 38. What can be inferred about Mili from her comment at the end of the passage? A. She had thought Oxford’s nightlife was much worse. B. She prefers quiet evenings in college. C. She had lower expectations for nightlife before coming. D. She enjoys her performance in the nightlife. 39. What can be learned about Oxford from the “Living in Oxford” section? A. It is a small city that is tough to explore on foot. B. It is ranked as one of the safest student cities in the UK. C. Most of Oxford’s green spaces are located far from the city center. D. Entertainment in Oxford is mainly focused on classical concerts and live music. 40. Where would this passage most likely appear? A. A tourist guidebook to the city of Oxford. B. A university's official website for would-be college students. C. An academic report rating education quality in Oxford. D. A local newspaper article about university student life. B As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain. It was very close – only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometres to get water every day? And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?” At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbours. He soon reached his first target of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well. Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump. Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn’t help the children. What they needed was a well dug near their homes. Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He was determined to help other children have clean water. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money. At the same time, a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit. In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. But that was not all. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. They sang and danced happily. Some even offered him food and gifts. At first Ryan was nervous, but soon a great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile. Later, Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help. Many inspired people gave him their support. Ryan’s foundation continues to attract support from more and more people, so the work of building more wells can go on. Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water. Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help?”, but “How can I help today?”. This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality. 41. The questions in Paragraph 1 shows that ________. A. He doubted the truth of his teacher’s words. B. He wanted to move to Africa to help the children. C. He was concerned about the living conditions of African children. D. He made efforts to raise money to build a well. 42. What can we infer from Paragraph 4 about Ryan’s feeling when he was welcomed by Ugandan students? A. He tended to feel uneasy facing large groups of people. B. He realized his effort paid off. C. He felt proud of building the well on his own. D. The food and gifts offered made him break into a joyful smile. 43. Why did Ryan change his original question from “Why don’t I help?” to “How can I help today?” when he grew up? A. His experience made him focus on practical actions. B. He thought “Why don’t I help?” was a waste of time. C. His mother’s friend encouraged him to ask practical questions. D. The latter question could attract more people to donate. 44. The underlined word “perseverance” in the last paragraph probably means ________. A. the ability to make their dreams known to others. B. the ability to keep doing something despite challenges C. the courage to try new things without hesitation D. the habit of making detailed plans before taking action 45. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. A Well-Built Dream: How a Canadian Boy Changed Some African Lives. B. The History of Ryan’s Foundation in Helping African Countries. C. The Importance of Clean Water for Children in Developing Countries. D. From a Small Question to a Global Movement: Ryan’s Story. C For thousands of years, donkeys have been critical for driving human civilizations forward. They’ve helped pull wheeled vehicles, carry travelers and move goods across the world. But where and when these animals first became closely connected with humans has been a mystery. Now, researchers have used genomes of over 200 donkeys to trace their domestication back to a single event around 7,000 years ago in East Africa — about 3,000 years before humans tamed horses. The team published their findings in the journal Science this month. “Through their DNA, the animals are telling their history themselves,” co-author Samantha Brooks, an equine researcher at the University of Florida, says in a statement. “We usually only get the human’s side of history through written accounts, but of course written history does not always record exactly how something happened. Looking at these DNA sequences, we get biological evidence to the environment these animals lived in and the experiences they survived.” The researchers examined 207 genomes from modern donkeys living in 31 countries across the globe. They also looked at genomes from 15 wild equids (马科动物) and 31 earlier donkeys that lived between about 4,000 and 100 years ago. The team reconstructed the animals’ evolutionary tree and used computer models to pinpoint the domestication event, when herders (牧人) in Kenya and the Horn of Africa tamed wild donkeys. They then traced how the animals spread across the rest of the continent into Europe and Asia about 2,500 years later. Though it’s still unclear why the original domestication happened, Science News’ Freda Kreier reports that the event coincided with the Sahara growing larger and drier. “Donkeys are champions when it comes to carrying stuff and are good at going at Sahara deserts,” co-author Ludovic Orlando, an evolutionary biologist at Paul Sabatier University in France, tells the publication. Prehistoric humans may have enlisted donkeys’ help in navigating the expanding Sahara. Researchers say these findings could help put donkeys in the spotlight. The animals could benefit from more research: Currently, there are no published genomes from donkeys located south of the Equator in Africa. But understanding where the animals were first domesticated could guide archaeologists to a narrower region to search for insights about the original tamed donkeys. Not only does understanding the equines’ genetic makeup help reveal their contribution to human history, but it also might improve their management in the future, as climate change alters the planet’s environment, write the authors. 46. What can be learned about donkeys from Paragraph 1? A. They seemed mysterious to human ancestors. B. They underwent multiple domestication events. C. They were tamed at an earlier time than horses. D. They were vividly described by ancient travelers. 47. What message is conveyed in Brooks’ statement? A. The earliest habitats of donkeys are hardly traceable. B. It is increasingly easy to read donkeys’ DNA sequences. C. Written accounts contain vital clues for donkey research. D. Genetic analysis offers insight into the history of donkeys. 48. In their study, the researchers investigate how donkeys ________. A. spread widely in the world B. survived with the help of herders C. developed certain behavioral traits D. adapted to the changing environment 49. As to why the original domestication of donkeys happened, Orlando ________. A. challenges conventional ideas B. provides a possible explanation C. calls for evidence from the Sahara D. holds a different view from Kreier 50. The authors think that their research could help with ________. A. greater protection of wildlife B. better management of donkeys C. recovering early types of donkeys D. raising awareness of climate change D Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations of children to science. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact. The well-known story is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite during a storm in 1752. At that time, there was much interest in electricity. People wanted to know if lightning was really produced by electricity or something else. Franklin was one of them. He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it. A metal key was attached to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock. This, he said, proved that lightning was a form of electricity. For many years, schools have taught the story of Franklin’s lightning experiment. More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. Franklin, along with many other scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions. However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. The detail about the string and the key is true. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock. Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish the facts. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity. In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head. Admittedly, fiction is often more interesting than the truth. People have been more inspired by Franklin’s spirit of scientific exploration than by the facts themselves. But in science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear — even if it is a great story. 51. What proved lightning was a form of electricity? A. Lightning touching the kite in a heavy storm. B. The metal key conducting electricity down to the ground. C. Franklin flying a kite during a thunderstorm and seeing flashes. D. Franklin getting an electric shock from the key. 52. What can we infer about scientists from the text? A. They doubt old statements with logical evidence. B. They refuse to accept any accepted ideas. C. They were worried about Franklin's safety during the experiment. D. They firmly believe Franklin’s experiment is a fiction. 53. Why does the story of Franklin’s kite experiment continue to inspire people? A. It proves that scientific experiments are always dangerous. B. It provides a perfect example of how to conduct experiments. C. It reminds people to be brave and never give up. D. It shows Franklin’s courage and scientific curiosity. 54. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? A. The details of Franklin’s experiment are not fully true. B. Franklin’s experiment was very dangerous. C. Scientists have different ideas about electricity. D. Franklin’s experiment itself has been proved to have taken place. 55. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To introduce Franklin and his famous experiment. B. To give suggestions on how to establish the truth in experiment. C. To encourage people to question accepted ideas and seek the truth. D. To inform us that we should not believe what we read or hear. 第Ⅱ卷 第四部分： 写作 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 It wasn’t until he moved near an airfield in the UK over a decade ago that mechanical engineer Ashok Aliseril Thamarakshan began to seriously consider learning to fly a plane. His first flying experience came a few years later, a 30-minute flight his wife bought him as a birthday gift. This experience made him hooked on flying — he felt it brought great freedom to go anywhere with the ability and an aircraft. Aliseril got his private pilot’s license in 2019 and started hiring small planes for short flights. But with two daughters born, the two-seater planes were no longer suitable. He gave up buying old aircraft, which are unsafe and uncomfortable, and decided to build his own, as it would help him understand the plane better for long-term maintenance. After researching, he chose a four-seater kit (成套组件) from a South African company. He ordered it in early 2020, but the UK lockdown due to Covid-19 delayed his plan, which made him adjust his schedule a little. Undeterred, he built a small shed in his garden and started the project in April 2020, with the Light Aircraft Association (英国轻型飞机协会) inspecting each stage. His engineering and home improvement experience helped a lot. The kit had clear instructions, so he could finish most work alone, with his wife and daughters helping sometimes. After 18 months of hard work, his plane, named G-Diya after his youngest daughter, passed all inspections and had its first flight in January 2022. He felt great relief and pride when the test flight succeeded. Since then, Aliseril has flown with his family to many places, and shared the plane with three friends to reduce costs. He hopes more young people will try such projects, as shared ownership makes it more cost-efficient and helps form friendships in the aviation (航空) world. 56. What made Aliseril first consider learning to fly a plane? (No more than 7 words) ______________________________________ 57. What do the underlined words in Para.1 mean? (No more than 2 words) ______________________________________ 58. Why did Aliseril choose to build his own aircraft? (No more than12 words) ______________________________________ 59. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? (No more than 7 words) ______________________________________ 60. What advice would you give to teenage aviation lovers? Please explain. (No more than 25 words) ______________________________________ 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61. 某网络平台正在举办“Role Models of Our Times (时代榜样)”年度人物评选活动。以下五位候选人，均在各自领域为国家发展、社会进步作出了卓越贡献，彰显了新时代的中国精神。请你根据材料信息，推荐一位你心目中的年度榜样人物，向活动主办方撰写一篇英文推荐短文。 1. 对提名候选人进行概括性评论； 2. 从中选择一位你推荐的年度人物，介绍他/她的主要事迹； 3. 谈谈该人物对个人的启发或社会的影响。 Name Field Contributions & Achievements 钟南山 Zhong Nanshan Medical research A respected medical expert. He always puts people’s lives first and bravely fights public health risks. 屠呦呦 Tu Youyou Science A great scientist. She kept doing medical research and created life-saving treatment for people worldwide. 张桂梅 Zhang Guimei Education A selfless educator. She built free schools and helped poor girls get education to change their lives. 韩红 Han Hong Non-profit charity A warm-hearted public welfare pioneer. She keeps doing charity and helps people in need all the time. 南仁东 Nan Rendong Astronomy The father of China’s FAST telescope. He devoted his whole life to China’s astronomical dream. 注意： 1. 词数不少于100（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 可适当增加细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； 3. 文中不得出现真实的姓名、地名及学校名称（候选人姓名可保留）。 Person of the Year All the five candidates are outstanding figures who have made great efforts in their own fields. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $