Unit 1 People of Achievement二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第一册（人教版）

高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit 1】People of Achievement 二 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 apparently /a'per3ntli/adv.显penicillin/,per'sln/n.青霉素；infer/m'f3:/t.推断：推定 而易见：看来；显然 盘尼西林 politician/ppl'tn/n.从政者： substance./'sAbstans/n.物质：物flee/fli:/vi.&t.(①ed,fled迅速政治家：政客 品：事实根据 离开；逃跑 numerous'nju:maras/adj..众多 insist/m'sIst/i.&vt.坚持：坚决circumstance/'s3 kamstans/n.的：许多的 要求 pl)条件：环境：状况 theory/oIri/n.理论：学说 insist on坚决要求 novelist/'npvalist/n.小说家 relativity/rela'trvati/n.相对论； scientific/,.saren'trfik/adj.科学novel/npv/n.(长篇)小说 相对性 (上)的：关于科学的 f1 ow /flac/n.流；流动：流畅：formula/fo:mjala/n.公式：方 mostly /'maustli/adv.主要地：供应：vi.流：流动 程式：配方 一般地 chart /tfa:t/n.图表；t.记录；genius/d3 i:nias/n.(pl.geniuses) wear and tear(正常使用造成制订计划 天才：天资：天赋 的)磨损：损耗 flowchart/'flaut/a:t/n.流程图 conclusion /kan'klu:3n/n.结论：found/faund/t.创建：建立；把 推论 …建立在 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.scientific/,saan'tfik/adj.科学（上）的；关于科学的 词汇变形 名词形式：science(科学) 副词形式：scientifically(科学地) 构词解析 前缀sci-(know,知晓)+后缀-ent（构成形容词)+-ific(表“具有…性质的”)，合起来表示 “具有科学性质的”。 例句：We need to use scientific methods to solve this problem. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：The theory is based on (science)research.(答案： scientific 2.novelist/'nDvalist/n.小说家 1 高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】 E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇变形 名词形式（作品）：novel(小说) 构词解析 novel(小说)+后缀-ist(表“从事…职业的人”)，指“写小说的人”。 同类词：artist(艺术家)←-at(艺术)、scientist(科学家)←-science(科学) 例句：Mo Yan is a famous novelist who won the Nobel Prize in Literature. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：The(novel)spent three years writing her new book. (答案：novelist) 3.numerous/nju:meras/adj.众多的：许多的 词汇变形 名词形式：number(数量) 动词形式：number（总计；编号) 构词解析 前缀numer-(number,数量)+后缀-ous(表“充满…的”)，表示“数量上充满的”，即“众多 的”。 例句：There are numerous students in the library during the exam week. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：A_(number)of people attended the lecture yesterday. (答案：numerous) 4.theory/'0Iari/n.理论；学说 词汇变形 形容词形式：heoretical(理论上的) 构词解析 前缀th-(=sight,看)+后缀-oy（表“…的学问/理论”)，原义为“通过观察得到的学问”。 Einstein's theory of relativity changed the way we understand the universe. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：This_(theory)model needs to be tested in practice (答案：theoretical) 5.relativity/rela'trvati//n.相对论：相对性 词汇变形 形容词形式：relative(相对的：相关的) 副词形式：relatively(相对地) 构词解析 relative(相对的)+后缀-ity(表“性质/状态”)，指“相对性”或“相对论”这一理论。 例句：Relativity is one of the most important theories in physics. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习）：The concept of (relative)is difficult for beginners to understand.(答案：relativity) 6.formula/'fmjl3/n.公式；方程式；配方 词汇变形 复数形式：formulas./formulae(公式) 2 高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析 前缀fom-(=shape,形式)+后缀-ula(表“小的”，此处指“简化的形式”)，即“简化的形式”， 引申为“公式”。 例句：You need to remember the chemical formula for water is H2O. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：Please write down the_(formula)for this math problem, (答案：formula) 7.genius/'d3 i:nias/n.天才；天资；天赋 词汇变形 形容词形式：ingenious(聪明的；有独创性的) 构词解析 前缀gen-(=bith,出生)+后缀-ius（表“具有…特质的人”)，原指“天生具有特殊能力的人”。 例句：Mozart showed his musical genius at a very young age. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：Hs (genius)for invention led to many important discoveries.(答案：genius) 8.conclusion/kn'ku:3/n.结论；推论 词汇变形 动词形式：conclude(推断；结束) 构词解析 前缀con-(=together,一起)+clud-(=close,关闭)+后缀-ion（表“动作/结果”)，字面义为“一 起关闭”，引申为“总结出的结果”即“结论”。 例句：After discussing for hours,.we finally reached a conclusion. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：We can(conclusion)that the experiment was successful. (答案：conclude) 9.politician/.pDla'tun/n.从政者；政治家；政客 词汇变形 名词形式（领域）：politics(政治) 形容词形式：political(政治的) 构词解析 politics(政治)+后缀-ian(表“从事…职业的人”)，指“参与政治的人”。 同类词：nusician(音乐家)←-music(音乐)、historian(历史学家)←history(历史) 例句：The politician gave a speech about environmental protection. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：He decided to become a (politics)to serve the people. (答案：politician) 10.found/faund/vt.创建；建立；把…建立在 词汇变形 名词形式：foundation(基础：基金会) 形容词形式：fundamental(基础的) 构词解析 高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 前缀fund.(=base,基础)+后缀-ed(构成动词过去分词，此处为独立动词)，表示“打下基础”， 即“创建；建立”。 例句：The university was founded in 1912. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：This theory is】 (found)on years of research..(答案： founded) 11.infer /In'f3:r)/t.推断：推定 词汇变形 名词形式：inference(推论：推断结果) 构词解析 前缀in-(=into,进入)+fer-(=cay,携带)，字面义为“带入（结论）”，即“推断出”。 From his words,we can infer that he is not satisfied with the result. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：What can we (inference)from the data in the chart? (答案：infer) 12.substance/'sAbstans/n.物质；物品；事实根据 词汇变形 形容词形式：substantial(实质的：大量的) 构词解析 前缀sub-(under,在…之下)+tanc-(=stand,站立)，原指“站在下面的基础”，引申为“事 物的本质”即“物质：实质”。 例句：Water and air are important substances for human life.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：The chemical (substance)is harmful to the environment. (答案：substance) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.Einstein's (of relativity is one of the greatest scientific achievements. 7.The (小说家)won a national award for her latest work. 8.We need to draw a (after analyzing all the data. 9.The chemical (物质)should be stored in a cool place. 10.His (for music became obvious when he was five. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The research was based on (science)experiments and careful observations. 4 高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.She decided to become a (novel)and write stories about her hometown. 3.A (number)of students have joined the after-school science club. 4.This (theory)model needs to be tested through practical experiments. 5.The concept of (relative)is central to Einstein's physics. 6.Please write down the (formula)for calculating the area of a circle 7.His (genius)in solving complex problems surprised everyone in the team 8.We can (conclusion)that regular exercise improves mental health 9.The (politics)gave a speech on education reform at the conference. 10.The organization was_ (found)in 1990 to protect endangered species. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这个理论是建立在科学研究基础上的。 The theory is research 2.从他的话中我们可以推断出他不同意这个计划。 We can he disagrees with the plan from his words 3.她花了三年时间创作她的新小说。 She spent three years her new 4.图书馆里有大量学生在准备期末考试。 There are in the library preparing for the final exam. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Albert Einstein was a famous (science)known for his theory of (relative).His (genius)allowed him to develop groundbreaking(formula)that changed physics.He often worked in a(science)way,combining imagination with strict logic.When asked about his success,he once said,"Imagination is more important than knowledge."His work (found)the basis for modern physics,and his (conclude)continue to influence scientific research today. Many (novel)and (politician)have written about his life,praising his contributions to humanity. 高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.theory 7.novelist 8.conclusion 9.substance 10.genius Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.scientific 2.novelist 3.numerous 4.theoretical 5.relativity 6.formula 7.genius 8.conclude 9.politician 10.founded ⅡL.完成句子 1.based on scientific 2.infer that 3.writing;novel 4.numerous students V.语篇填空 1.scientist 2.relativity 3.genius 4.formulas 5.scientific 6.founded 7.conclusions 8.novelists 9.politicians 6