Unit 1 People of Achievement二-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第一册（人教版）

高中选修一人教 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·人教·选修一Unit1 People of Achievement二 单元词汇总览 apparently /a'prntli/adv..显而penicillin/,penr'slm/n.青霉素；infer/m'f3:)/t.推断；推定 易见；看来：显然 盘尼西林 politician/,pDl'tjn/n.从政者； substance/'sAbstans/n.物质：物 flee /fli:/i.&t.fled,fled迅速政治家；政客 品；事实根据 离开：逃跑 numerous/'nju:maras/adj.众多 insist/m'sIst/vi.&t.坚持：坚决 circumstance/'s3 kamstans/n.的；许多的 要求 p)条件；环境：状况 theory/0Iari/n.理论；学说 insist on坚决要求 novelist/'npvalrst/n.小说家 relativity/,rela'tIvati/n.相对论： scientific/,saren'tfik/adj.科学novel/'np/n.(长篇)小说 相对性 (上)的：关于科学的 fow/fla/n.流：流动：流畅：供formula/fmjl3/n.公式；方程 mostly/'maustli/adv.主要地：一应：vi.流：流动 式：配方 般地 chart/tfa:t/n.图表：t.记录；制genius/'d3ini3s/n.(pl.geniuses) wear and tear(正常使用造成订计划 天才：天资：天赋 的)磨损：损耗 f1 owchart/'flautfa:t/n.流程图 conclusion /kan'ku:3/n.结论；found/fand/t.创建：建立：把 推论 …建立在 易错词汇精讲 1.insist/n'sIst/vi.&t.坚持：坚决要求 ·易错点：易混淆后接从句时的虚拟语气用法，当表示“坚持要求（别人做某事）”时，从句谓 语用“(should)叶动词原形”：表示“坚持认为（某事是事实）”时，从句用陈述语气。 ·精讲：insist on+doing sth.表示“坚决要求做某事”；insist+that从句时需根据语境判断是否 用虚拟语气。 ·例句：(I)She insisted that he(should)go with her.（她坚决要求他和她一起去。)(2)He insisted that he was innocent.(他坚持认为自己是无辜的。) ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：The teacher insisted that we_(finish)our homework before class.(答案：finish) 2.found/faond/vt.创建：建立：把…建立在 ·易错点：易与find的过去式/过去分词found混淆，两者词形相同但含义不同：易漏写过去分 词形式founded(found的过去分词)。 高中选修一人教 寒假专版 ·精讲：found作动词表示“创建”，如found a company(创办公司)；find的过去式/过去分词 found表示“找到”。 ·例句：(1)The university was founded in1912.(这所大学建于1912年。)(2)I found my lost key yesterday..(我昨天找到了丢失的钥匙。) ·真题链接：This organization was._(建立)to help poor children in rural areas.(答案：founded) 3.infer /i'f3:(r)/t.推断；推定 ·易错点：易误写为imply(暗示)，两者含义不同；固定搭配infer..from.易误用为infer from。 ·精讲：infer强调“根据证据或线索推断”，imply强调“暗示、意味着”；infer sth.from sth.表 示“从…中推断出…”。 ·例句：We can infer the result from the data provided.(我们可以从提供的数据中推断出结果。) ·真题链接：What can wefrom the passage about the author'sattitude?(答案：infer) 4.formula/'fmjl/n.公式；方程式；配方 ·易错点：复数形式易误写为formular,正确复数为formulas或formulae(后者更正式)。 ·精讲：表示“公式”时，常用搭配mathematical formula(数学公式)；表示“配方”时，如a formula for success(成功的秘诀)。 ·例句：The chemical formula for water is H2O.(水的化学公式是H2O。) ·真题链接：Please write down the_(公式)for calculating the area of a circle.(答案：formula) 5.flee/fli:/i.&vt.(fled,fled迅速离开；逃跑 ·易错点：易混淆过去式/过去分词形式，误写为fleeed,正确形式为fled。 ·精讲：flee可作及物动词或不及物动词，后接地点时常用flee from,如flee from the burning house(从着火的房子里逃跑)。 ·例句：The villagers fled their homes when the flood came..(洪水来临时，村民们逃离了家园。) ·真题链接：The thief_(逃跑)as soon as he saw the police.(答案：led) 6.circumstance/'s3 kamstans/n.(pl)条件：环境：状况 ·易错点：常用复数形式circumstances,易误用作单数：固定搭配under no circumstances(绝不) 中需用复数，且置于句首时句子倒装。 ·精讲：in/under the circumstances表示“在这种情况下”；under no circumstances表示“无论如 何不”。 ·例句：Under no circumstances should you give up.（你绝不应该放弃。) ·真题链接：Under normal_(情况)，we can finish the task in three days.(答案：circumstances) 7.novel/'npvl/n.(长篇)小说adj.新颖的 高中选修一人教 寒假专版 ·易错点：易忽略其形容词含义“新颖的”，仅记为名词“小说”；易与novelist(小说家)混淆。 ·精讲：作名词时，如a science fiction novel(科幻小说)：作形容词时，如a novel idea(新颖的 想法)。 ·例句：Her novel approach to teaching impressed the students..(她新颖的教学方法给学生留下了 深刻印象。) ·真题链接：This_(小说)tells the story of a young man's journey to self-discovery.(答案：novel) 8.conclusion /kan'ku:3/n.结论：推论 ·易错点：易误写为concusion(漏写s);固定搭配draw/reach a conclusion易误用为make a conclusion ·精讲：常用搭配come to a conclusion(得出结论)：in conclusion（最后，总之)。 ·例句：After discussing for hours,,we finally reached a conclusion.(经过数小时的讨论，我们终于 得出了结论。) ·真题链接：We can draw a_(结论)that hard work leads to success.(答案：conclusion) 9.scientific/,saren'tfik/adj.科学（上）的：关于科学的 ·易错点：易误写为scientifical(多余后缀-al),正确形容词形式为scientific:易与science(名 词，科学)混淆。 ·精讲：常用搭配scientific research(科学研究)；scientific method(科学方法)。 ·例句：The theory is based on scientific evidence..(这个理论基于科学证据。) ·真题链接：_（科学的）experiments are important for developing new technologies..(答案：Scientific) 10.genius/'d3i:nias/n.(pl.geniuses)天才；天资；天赋 ·易错点：复数形式易误写为geni(genius表示“精灵”时的复数)，表示“天才”时复数为 geniuses。. ·精讲：a genius for sth.表示“…方面的天赋”，如a genius for music(音乐天赋)。 ·例句：Einstein was a genius in the field of physics..(爱因斯坦是物理学领域的天才。) ·真题链接：Mozart showed his_(天赋)for music at an early age.(答案：genius) l1.wear and tear(正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗 ·易错点：易误写为wear and tear(正确形式，但需注意中间的and不可省略：易漏写tear的r, 误写为wear and tea。 ·精讲：固定短语，无复数形式，常用搭配subject to wear and tear(遭受磨损)。 ·例句：The old car has suffered a lot of wear and tear over the years.(这辆车多年来磨损严重。) 高中选修一人教 寒假专版 ·真题链接：The furniture in the office shows signs of._(磨损)after ten years of use.(答案：wea and tear) 12.relativity/,rel'trvati/n.相对论：相对性 ·易错点：易与relative(形容词“相对的”；名词“亲戚”)混淆；首字母易小写，特指“相对 论”时需大写为Relativity。 ·精讲：Einstein's Theory of Relativity(爱因斯坦的相对论)：the relativity of time(时间的相对 性)。 ·例句：Relativity revolutionized our understanding of the universe.(相对论彻底改变了我们对宇宙 的理解。) ·真题链接：Einstein is famous for his Theory of_(相对论).（答案：Relativity) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The manager insisted that the project finished by the end of this month. ·A.is 。B.was ·C.be ·D.will be 2.This charity organization wasin 2005 to help homeless people. ●A.found B.founded 。C.find ●D.finding 3.What can wefrom the passage about the author's opinion on environmental protection? ●A.infer ●B.imply 高中选修一人教 寒假专版 ·C.suggest ·D.guess 4.The for the area of a triangle is“base×height÷2”. ●A.formula ●B.formular ●C.formulas 。D.formulae 5.Under no_should you leave the classroom without permission. ●A.circumstance ●B.circumstances 。C.situation 。D.condition 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Einstein is known as a()in the history of science. 2.The police found that the thief had()from the city before they arrived. 3.We need to collect more data to draw a proper() 4.The_()research on cancer has made great progress in recent years. 5.The old machine has suffered a lot of_(after ten years of use. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The chemical f of carbon dioxide is CO2. 2.She has a g for music and can play the piano very well 3.We should consider all cbefore making an important decision 4.It is impossible to i the result without enough evidence. 5.The company was f by a group of young entrepreneurs in 2010. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The witness insisted that he(see)the suspect at the scene of the crime 高中选修一人教 寒假专版 2.The team(flee)the burning building as soon as the alarm went off. 3.The success of the experiment is based on(scientific)methods and careful planning. 4.Please write down all the mathematical(formula)on the blackboard. 5.Under normal(circumstance),the train should arrive at 8:00 a.m. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.C2.B3.A4.A5B ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.genius 2.fled 3.conclusion 4.scientific 5.wear and tear ·三、首字母填空 1.formula 2.genius 3.circumstances 4.infer 5.founded ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.saw 2.fled 3.scientific 4.formulas/formulae 5.circumstances