Unit 1 People of Achievement一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第一册（人教版）

高中选修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 Unit 1 People of Achievement 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 physiology/fizi'ola3in.生理academy/A'kaedami/n.(艺术、摘录；（用力）拔出 学；生理机能 文学、科学等的)研究院：学会；wormwood/w3 mwod/n.蒿： artemisinin /.a.t'mi:sInin/n.专科院校 洋艾 [药]青蒿素 academic/,ek'demik/adj.学业boil/boIl/vt.&vi.(使)沸腾：煮 crucial/'kau:/adj.至关重要的：的：学术的 开：烧开：n.沸腾；沸点 关键性的 objective/b'd3ektv/n.目标：liquid/'likwid n.液体；adj.液 malaria /ma'learia/n.疟疾 目的；adj.客观的 体的：液态的 vital/vatl/adj.必不可少的：极botanical/ba'taenikl/adj.植物学obtain/ab'tem/t.(尤指经努 其重要的：充满生机的 的 力)获得；赢得：vi.(规章、习 committed /ka'mtd/adj.尽心evaluate/'vaeljueit/.vt.评价：评俗等)存在；流行 尽力的：坚定的：坚信的 估 acknowledge /ak'nplid3/vt. commit /k3'mt/t.承诺：保证；property/'prDpati/n.性质；特认（属实、权威等）：（公开）感 vi.忠于：全心全意投入（工作、征：财产 谢 活动等) distinct/dr'stkt/adj.清晰的；defeat/d'fi:t/n.失败；挫败；t. commit oneself to(sth/doing清楚的：有区别的 击败；战胜 sth/do sth)承诺；保证（做某extract/'ekstraekt//n.提取物；摘analyse/'aenalaz/vt.分析 事、遵守协议或安排等) 录；/k'straekt/t.提取；提炼： 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.crucial/'ku:/adj.至关重要的；关键性的 词汇变形： 副词形式：crucially 构词解析： 前缀cu-(源自拉丁语“cross”,意为“十字形、关键”)：后缀-ial:加在名词后构成形容词，表“具 有…性质的”。 同类词：official(官方的)、special(特别的) 例句：It is crucial to remember that success depends on hard work. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：Good communication is」 (crucial)important for building trust between people.(答案：crucially) 2.ital/'vatl/adj.必不可少的：极其重要的 高中选修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 词汇变形： 名词形式：vitality(活力：生命力) 副词形式：vitally 构词解析： 词根vit（=life,生命)；后缀-al:构成形容词，表“有关…的”。 同类词：fatal(致命的)、national(国家的) 例句：Water is vital for all living things. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：Regular exercise is vital to maintaining a healthy lifestyle.. 3.academic/,ek3'demk/adj.学业的；学术的 词汇变形： 名词形式：academy(研究院：学会) 构词解析： 前缀acad-.(源自雅典哲学家柏拉图的学园“Academus'”):后缀-ic:加在名词后构成形容词，表“ …的”。 同类词：historic(历史的)、economic(经济的) 例句：She has made great academic progress this semester.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习）：The_(academy)conference will be held in our university next month.(答案：academic) 4.objective /ab'd3 ektIv/n.目标；目的：adj.客观的 词汇变形： 副词形式：objectively 名词形式（动词）：object(反对：目标) 构词解析： 前缀ob-(-toward,朝向)：词根ject(=hrow,投掷)：后缀-ive:构成形容词或名词，表“…的” 或“人/物”。 同类词：subjective(主观的)、active(积极的) 例句：We need to take an objective view of the situation. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：Our main (objective)is to finish the project on time. (答案：objective) 5.botanical/ba'taenikl/adj.植物学的 词汇变形： 名词形式：botany(植物学) 构词解析： 词根botan(=herb,草)：后缀-ical:加在名词后构成形容词，表“.…的”。 同类词：biological(生物的)、logical(逻辑的) 例句：The botanical garden has a large collection of rare plants. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句）：She is conducting research in the field of (botany) science.(答案：botanical) 2 高中选修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 6.evaluate'vaeljuert/t.评价：评估 词汇变形： 名词形式：evaluation(评价：评估) 构词解析： 前缀e-(=out,出来)；词根valu(=value,价值)：后缀-ate:构成动词，表“使.”。 同类词：calculate(计算)、communicate(交流) 例句：Teachers need to evaluate students'performance regularly. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：The(evaluate)of the new policy will take about three months.(答案：evaluation) 7.distinct/d'stkt/a.清晰的：有区别的 词汇变形： 副词形式：distinctly 名词形式：distinction(区别；差别) 构词解析： 前缀di-(=apat,分开)：词根stinct(prick,刺)：后缀-ct:构成形容词，表“分开的”。 同类词：instinct(本能、extinct(灭绝的) 例句：There is a distinct difference between the two theories.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：She could(distinct)hear the sound of the rain outside. (答案：distinctly) 8.extract/'ekstraekt/n.提取物：/k'straekt//t.提取 词汇变形： 名词形式：extraction(提取：抽出) 构词解析： 前缀ex-(=out,出来)：词根tract(=draw,拉)：后缀-act:构成动词或名词，表“拉出来”。 同类词：attract(吸引)、contract(收缩) 例句：Scientists extract oil from underground. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：The (extract)of this plant is used in traditional medicine (答案：extract) 9.obtain/b'tem/t.获得：赢得 词汇变形： 名词形式：obtainment（获得：得到) 构词解析： 前缀ob-(=toward.,朝向)：词根taim(=hold,握住)：后缀-ain:构成动词，表“持有”。 同类词：contain(包含)、maintain(维持) 例句：He worked hard to obtain a scholarship. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：It is not easy to_(obtain)permission to enter the lab. (答案：obtain〉 l0.acknowledge/k'nwld3/t.承认；感谢 3 高中选修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 词汇变形： 名词形式：acknowledgement(承认：感谢) 构词解析： 前缀ac(to,向)：词根know（知道)：后缀-ledge:构成名词，表“知识”；后缀-e:构成动词。 同类词：knowledge(知识)、acknowledged(公认的) 例句：We should acknowledge the help we receive from others. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习）：She sent a letter of__(acknowledge)to thank her sup- porters.(答案：acknowledgement) ll.defeat/d'fi:t/n.失败：t.击败 词汇变形： 形容词形式：defeated(被击败的；受挫的) 构词解析： 前缀de-(=dowm,向下)：词根feat(=do,做)：后缀-eat:构成动词或名词，表“做下去”。 同类词：defeatist(失败主义者)、achieve(实现) 例句：The team suffered a narrow defeat in the final,. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：They refused to accept__(defeat)and tried again.(答 案：defeat) l2.analyse/'enalaIz/t.分析（美式：analyze) 词汇变形： 名词形式：analysis(分析) 形容词形式：analytical(分析的：解析的) 构词解析： 前缀ana-(=up,向上；完全)：词根lys(=loosen,松开)：后缀-yse/-yze:构成动词，表“松开→ 分解”。 同类词：paralyse(瘫痪)、catalyse(催化) 例句：We need to analyse the data carefully before making a decision. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：The_(analyse)of the experiment results took three weeks.(答案：analysis) 13.commit/ka'mt/vt.承诺：保证 词汇变形： 形容词形式：committed(尽心尽力的：坚定的) 名词形式：commitment(承诺：献身) 构词解析： 前缀com-(-together,一起)：词根mit(=send,送)：后缀-it:构成动词，表“共同送出一承诺”。 同类词：transmit(传送)、admit(承认) 例句：He committed himself to helping the poor. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：Her (commit)to the project inspired everyone around her.(答案：commitment) 4 高中选修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 14.liquid/'1kwd/n.液体：ad.液态的 词汇变形： 名词形式：liquidity(流动性：流畅) 构词解析： 词根liqu(=fluid,流动)：后缀-id:构成形容词或名词，表“流动的”。 同类词：solid(固体)、fluid(流体) 例句：Water is a liquid at room temperature. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习）：The」 (liquid)of the substance increases with temperature. (答案：liquidity) 综合训训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The (植物学的)research center is located in the west of the city. 7.We need to make an (客观的)assessment of the situation before making a decision. 8.Her to the job earned her the respect of her colleagues. 9.The (of the data shows a clear trend in customer behavior. 10.The (of this natural resource requires advanced technology. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.It is (vital)important to protect the environment for future generations. 7.The professor's(academic)papers have been published in top international jourals 8.She spoke (distinct)so that everyone in the room could hear her clearly. 9.After the experiment,we need to write a detailed (evaluate)report. 10.The team's (defeat)in the semi-finals was a great disappointment to their fans. 11.The company's main. (objective)is to expand its market share in Asia. 12.Ie showed great」 (commit)to improving his skills through daily practice. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 5.定期锻炼对于保持健康的生活方式是至关重要的。 Regular exercise maintaining a healthy lifestyle. 5 高中选修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 6.科学家们正在努力从这种植物中提取有效成分。 Scientists are trying to active ingredients this plant. 7.我们应该客观地看待这个问题的两面性。 We should take both sides of the issue. 8.她的学术成就得到了整个科学界的认可。 Her was recognized by the entire scientific community. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In (academy)research,it is (crucial)important to maintain (object)attitudes.Last month,our team started a project to(analyse)the(botanical)characteristics of rare plants.Weneededto _(extract)samples and_(evaluate)their medicinal value.The process required great (commit)and patience.Everyone worked hard to (obtain)accurate data. Finally,our (analysis)results were published in a famous journal,which brought us a sense of (achieve). 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.botanical 7.objective 8.commitment 9.analysis 10.extraction Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.vitally 7.academic 8.distinctly 9.evaluation 10.defeat 11.objective 12.com- mitment L.完成句子 5.is vital to 6.extract;from 7.an objective view of 8.academic achievement V.语篇填空 1.academic 2.crucially 3.objective 4.analyse 5.botanical 6.extract 7.evaluate 8.commitment 9.obtain 10.analysis 11.achievement 6