Unit 4 Literature for Identity 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第三册（冀教版）

高中英语冀教版 【必修3】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇精讲 【Unit4】Literature for Identity 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 pretend /prI'tend/v. (在游戏噎 jade/deId/n.玉；翡翠 中)装扮：假装 dismiss/ds'mis/v.解散：不予collection /ka'lekn/n.收集物； somehow/'snha/adv.由于某考虑 收藏品 种未知的原因：不知为什么 poetry/'pauatri/n.诗歌；诗集 frank/frek/adj.坦率的；直率 roof/ru:f/n.顶部；屋顶；洞顶rhyme /ramm/v.押韵 的 dri/dr/n.军事训练；钻：演shallow'∫ela/adj.肤浅的：浅observe/b'z3v/v.观察；注意 习 薄的 到 choke/v.(尤指感情激动sort/sot/n.种类；类别 smash/sme/v.撞击：粉碎 而)说不出话来：（使）室息，哽stuff/stfn.东西；物品 词汇变形及词缀精讲 I.pretend /pri'tend/v.(在游戏中)装扮；假装 词汇变形 形容词形式：pretended(假装的)、pretending(假装的，现在分词作定语) 构词解析 前缀pre-:表“预先、向前”；词根tend:表“伸展、趋向”，字面含义“预先伸展（姿态）”，引申 为“假装”。 同类词：predict(预测，pre-预先+dict说)、prepare(准备，pre-预先+pare准备) 例句：She pretended to be reading when her mother came in. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修3同步练习）：He_(pretend)not to hear me when I called him,butI knew he did.(答案：pretended) 2.observe/Ab'z3.v/v.观察；注意到 词汇变形 名词形式：observation（观察：观察结果) 形容词形式：observant(善于观察的) 构词解析 前缀ob-:表“朝向、对着”：词根sV:表“保持、保留”，字面含义“保持朝向（某物）”，即“观 察”。 高中英语冀教版 【必修3】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 同类词：reserve(保留，re-再+serv保持)、deserve(值得，de-完全+serv保持) The scientist spent years observing the behavior of animals in the wild. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修3教材例句）：It is important to observe the rules of the lab when doing experiments. 3.dismiss/ds'mIs/v.解散；不予考虑 词汇变形 名词形式：dismissal(解雇；解散) 构词解析 前缀dis-:表“否定、离开”：词根iss:表“送、放出”，字面含义“送走”，引申为“解散、解雇”。 同类词：dismiss(派遣，mis-错误+ssend送)、promise(承诺，pro-向前+miss送) 例句：The teacher dismissed the class early because of the heavy rain. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修3同步练习)：His__(dismiss)from the company was a result of his carelessness.(答案：dismissal) 4.poetry/'pauatri/n.诗歌；诗集 词汇变形 诗人：poet(n.) 形容词形式：poetic(诗歌的；诗意的) 构词解析 词根poet:表“诗人”（源自希腊语“创造者”）；后缀-1y:表“集合、类别”，故poetry指“诗歌的 总称”。 同类词：stoy(故事)→history（历史，hist-过去+-oy)、at(艺术)→gallery(画廊，gal-聚集 +-ey) 例句：She has a deep love for poetry and often writes her own poems. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修3教材例句）：We studied several famous poems in the unit about poetry.. 5.rhyme /rarm/v.押韵 词汇变形 名词形式：hyme(押韵词；押韵) 形容词形式：hyming(押韵的) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，属于基础词汇，其名词和动词同形。 Children enjoy nursery rhymes because they are easy to remember and rhyme. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修3同步练习)：The two lines of the poem__(rhyme)perfectly,.making it sound beautiful..(答案：rhyme) 6.shallow/∫ela/adj.肤浅的：浅薄的 词汇变形 反义词：deep(深的；深刻的) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，属于基础词汇，可通过对比反义词加深记忆。 高中英语冀教版 【必修3】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句：His shallow arguments couldn't convince anyone in the debate. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修3同步练习）：The river is too__(shallow)for swimming,so we decided to go elsewhere.(答案：shallow) 7.collection /ka'lekn/n.收集物：收藏品 词汇变形 动词形式：collect(收集；聚集) 形容词形式：collective(集体的；共同的) 构词解析 前缀col-(com-的变体)：表“共同”；词根lect:表“选择、收集”；后缀-ion:构成名词，表“动 作或结果”。 同类词：select(选择，se-分开+lect选)、elect(选举，e-出+lect选) 例句：Her collection of stamps includesrare ones from the 19 th century.. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修3教材例句）：The museum has a large collection of ancient jade artifacts, 8.frank /frank/adj.坦率的；直率的 词汇变形 副词形式：frankly（坦率地：老实说) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，属于基础词汇，副词形式通过加后缀-y构成。 例句：To be frank,Idon't think this plan will work. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修3同步练习）：(fr ank)speaking,I prefer the red dress to the blue one. (答案：Frankly) 9.smash/sne∫v.撞击：粉碎 词汇变形 名词形式：smash(撞击声；破碎) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，属于拟声词，模拟撞击或破碎的声音。 例句：The vase fell off the table and smashed into pieces. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修3同步练习）：The storm(smash)several windows of the house last night.(答案：smashed) 10.stuff/tfn.东西；物品 词汇变形 动词形式：stf(填满：塞进) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，属于基础词汇，可作名词或动词，含义相关(“物品”→“把物品塞进”)。 例句：She has a lot of stuff in her backpack,including books and snacks. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修3教材例句）：Don't stuff too much food into your mouth at once,:it's not good for digestion. 3 高中英语冀教版 【必修3】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 11.dril/dl/n.军事训练：钻：演习 词汇变形 动词形式：dill(钻孔：训练) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，属于基础词汇，名词和动词同形，含义由“钻孔工具”引申为“用工具训练”。 例句：The soldiers are having a drill to practice emergency response. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修3同步练习)：The teacher一(dril)the students on English grammar every morning.(答案：drills) 12.choke5k/v.(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来；（使）室息 词汇变形 名词形式：choke(室息；哽咽) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，属于基础词汇，动词和名词同形，描述“室息”的动作或状态。 例句：She choked with anger when she heard the bad news. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修3教材例句）：Be careful not to choke on small objects,.especially for young children. 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The little girl likes to (假装)to be a princess in her games, 2.The scientist spent years (the stars in the sky. 3.The teacher decided to (解散)the class early due to the heavy snow. 4.We are going to study a unit about(next week 5.The river is too (浅的)for us to swim in safely. 6.My father has a large (收集物)of old coins from around the world 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He (pretend)not to see me when I passed by his desk yesterday. 2.The (observe)of animal behavior is an interesting subject for biologists. 3.His (dismiss)from the job was caused by his constant lateness 4.The (poet)wrote many beautiful(poem)about nature 高中英语冀教版 【必修3】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 5.These two words (rhyme),so they sound good together in the song. 6.Tobe (frank),I don't agree with your opinion on this matter. 7.The storm last night (smash)the roof of the old house. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.他假装正在看书，实际上在玩手机。 He a book,but actually he was playing with his phone. 2.仔细观察是学好科学的重要方法。 Careful an important way to learn science well. 3.老师因为学生们表现好而提前解散了班级。 The teacher early because the students behaved well. 4.这个博物馆有大量的艺术品收藏。 The museum has a large artworks 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Yesterday,I went to the library to read some books about 1. (poetry).On my way,I saw a child 2. (pretend)to be a bird,jumping and singing happily.When I got to the library,I found a book about how to 3. (observe)nature.The author wrote that we should not 4. (dismiss)small things in nature,as they can teach us a lot. After reading for an hour,the librarian announced that it was time to 5. (dismiss)the library. I walked home and thought about the book.It had a 6. (poetic)way of describing the beauty of the world.I decided to start my own 7. (collect)of nature photos to record what I observe. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.pretend 2.observing 3.dismiss 4.poetry 5.shallow 6.collection Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.pretended 2.observation 3.dismissal 4.poet;poems 5.rhyme 6.frank 7. smashed 高中英语冀教版 【必修3】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 II.完成句子 1.pretended to be reading 2.observation is 3.dismissed the class 4.collection of V.语篇填空 1.poetry 2.pretending 3.observe 4.dismiss 5.dismiss 6.poetic 7.collection 6