Unit 2 Friendship 一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第一册（冀教版）

高中英语冀教版 【必修1】 Unit 2 Friendship- 必修1 【Unit2】Friendship 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 apologize /a'pplad3aIzV.道歉；slightly/'slatli/adv.稍微；略微stress/stres/n.压力；重读.强 谢罪 struggle/stragl/n.难事：奋斗；调；重读 gap/gep/n.分歧：间隙 努力V.奋斗；争取 generous/'d3enar3s/adj.慷慨的 guy /ga/n.小伙子；男人：家伙judge/d3Ad3/v.判断：评判n.congratulation /kan,gratfu'lem/ band /baend/n.流行音乐乐队 法官：裁判 n.祝贺 p.m./pi:'em/abbr.下午；午后explore/k'splb:r)/v.探索；探protective /pr3'tektrv/adj.保护 gym/d3m/n.（尤指学校的)体究；勘探 的 育活动：健身：体育馆 cafe/'kaefer/n.咖啡馆 eventually /I'ventfuali/adv. passive/'paesIV/adj.消极的：被bar /ba:()/n.酒吧 后：终于 动的 forward/'fb:wad/adv.向将来；grateful/grertfl/adj.表示感谢 fortunately/'fo:fanatli/adv.幸往后adj.向前的：未来的 的：感激的 运地 intellectual/,mta'lektfual/n.知type /tarp/n.类型：种类：典型 remind/r'mand/v.提醒；使想识分子adj.智力的；脑力的 base/beis/v.以…为基础（或根 起 press /pres/v.催促：逼迫；按压据)n.根据：基地 chat/tet/n.&v.聊天；闲谈 n.新闻界；出版社 affection'fekn/n.喜爱；感情original/A'rId39 nl/adj..有独创 hug /hag/n.&v.拥抱：搂抱 性的：原来的：起初的 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.apologize'pDlad3aIz/v.道歉；谢罪 名词形式：apology 构词解析：后缀-ize:加在名词后构成动词，表“使…化；做…”。apology(n.道歉)一apologize (v道歉) 同类词：realize（意识到)、organize(组织) 例句：You should apologize to your friend for being late. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1同步练习)：He made an (apologize)to his teacher for breaking the window.(答案：apology) 2.passive/'paesIV/adj.消极的：被动的 1 高中英语冀教版 【必修1】 Unit 2 Friendship- 反义词：active(积极的：主动的) 构词解析：前缀pas-(同path-,表“感情”)+后缀-ive(构成形容词，表“有…性质的”)。passive 字面意为“受感情支配的”，引申为“被动的”。 同类词：active(active=act+-ive,表“能行动的”→主动的) 例句：Don't be passive in class,.try to answer questions actively. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修I教材例句）：Some students take a passive attitude towards learning English. 3.fortunately/fo:tfanatli/adv.幸运地 形容词形式：fortunate 名词形式：fortune 构词解析：前缀fortun-(运气)+后缀-ate(构成形容词)→fortunate(幸运的)；再+后缀-ly(构 成副词)→fortunately。 同类词：unfortunately(不幸地，un-为否定前缀) 例句：Fortunately,I caught the last bus and didn't have to walk home. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1同步练习）：She is(fortune)enough to get a scholarship to study abroad.(答案：fortunate) 4.remind/r'mamd/v.提醒：使想起 名词形式：reminder(提醒物；提示) 构词解析：前缀re-(再，又)+mind(头脑，记忆)→remind,字面意为“使重新进入头脑”→提 醒。 固定搭配：remind sb.of sth.(使某人想起某事) 例句：This photo reminds me of my childhood in the countryside. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1教材例句)：Please remind me to call my mother tomorrow morning 5.intellectual/,nta'lektfual/n.知识分子adj.智力的：脑力的 名词形式（抽象概念）：intelligence(智力；智慧) 构词解析：前缀intellect-.(智力，来自拉丁语intellectus)+后缀-ual(构成形容词，表“…的”)。 同类词：intellectual→intelligence(-ual变-igence构成名词) 例句：Reading is a good way to improve your intellectual ability. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1同步练习）：Einstein was a man of great (intelligence).(答案： intelligence) 6.original/A'rId39nl/adj.有独创性的：原来的：起初的 名词形式：origin(起源：源头) 副词形式：originally 构词解析：前缀origin-(起源)+后缀-al(构成形容词，表“…的”)→originals:再+-y构成副 词originally。 The original plan was to go hiking,but we changed it because of the rain. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1同步练习）：The__(origin)of this custom can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty.(答案：origin) 高中英语冀教版 【必修1】 Unit 2 Friendship- 7.stress/stres/n.压力：重读v.强调；重读 形容词形式：stressful(充满压力的) 构词解析：stress本身可作动词或名词，加后缀-ful(表“充满…的”)构成形容词stressful,指 “产生压力的”。 固定搭配：under stress(处于压力下)：stress the importance of(强调…的重要性) 例句：Exams can be very stressful for students.. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1教材例句）：Teachers always stress the importance of practicing English every day. 8.protective/pr3'tektv/ad.保护的 动词形式：protect 名词形式：protection 构词解析：前缀pro-(向前，预先)+tect(覆盖，来自拉丁语tectum)→protect(预先覆盖→保 护)：+后缀-ive(构成形容词)→protective。 同类词：protect一protection(-ion为名词后缀) 例句：Parents are always protective of their children. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修l同步练习）：e need to take measures to (protection)the environ- ment.(答案：protect) 9.grateful./greitfl/adj.表示感谢的；感激的 名词形式：gratitude(感激：感谢) 构词解析：前缀grat-(感激，满意，来自拉丁语gratus)+后缀ful(表“充满…的”)→grateful (充满感激的)。 固定搭配：be grateful to sb.for sth.(因某事对某人感激) 例句：I am grateful to my teacher for helping me with my homework. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修I教材例句)：She sent a card to express her gratitude to her parents. 10.base/beis/v.以…为基础（或根据）n.根据；基地 形容词形式：basic（基本的；基础的) 构词解析：base本身为名词“基础”，加后缀-ic(构成形容词，表“与…有关的”)→basic(基 础的)。 固定搭配：be based on(以…为基础) 例句：This theory is based on years of scientific research. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1同步练习)：e should master the( (base)knowledge of math first. (答案：basic) 11.generous/d3 eneras/adj.慷慨的 名词形式：generosity(慷慨：大方) 构词解析：前缀gener-(产生，出生，来自拉丁语genus)+后缀-ous(构成形容词，表“具有， 性质的”)。generous原指“出身名门的”，后引申为“慷慨的”（因贵族常表现出大方）。 例句：My friend is always generous with his time when helping others. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1同步练习）：Her (generous)to the poor has won her respect from 3 高中英语冀教版 【必修1】 Unit 2 Friendship- everyone.（答案：generosity) 12.congratulate/kn'gratfu,let/v.祝贺 名词形式：congratulation(常用复数congratulations) 构词解析：前缀con-(共同)+grat-（感激，满意)+后缀-ulate(构成动词，表“使…”)→ congratulate,字面意为“共同表达满意”→祝贺。 固定搭配：congratulate sb.on sth.(因某事祝贺某人) 例句：I want to congratulate you on passing the exam. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1教材例句）：Please accept my congratulations on your success。 l3.eventually/'ventfuali/adv.最后；终于 形容词形式：eventual(最终的：最后的) 构词解析：前缀e-(出)+vent(来，来自拉丁语venire)→event(出来的事→事件)；event+后 缀-ual(构成形容词)→eventual;再+-ly一eventually。 例句：After many failures,he eventually succeeded. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1同步练习）：The (eventual)result of the competition surprised everyone..(答案：eventual) 14.ype /tarp/n.类型；种类；典型 形容词形式：typical(典型的：有代表性的) 构词解析：ype(类型)+后缀-ical(构成形容词，表“…的”)→typical(具有类型特征的→ 典型的)。 固定搭配：be typical of(是…的典型) 例句：It is typical of him to arrive late for meetings. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1教材例句）：This novel is a typical example of 19th-century literature. 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.She wrote a letter of (道歉)to her friend for misunderstanding her. 2.The (of this traditional festival can be traced back to 2000 years ago. 3.We should learn to manage. (压力)in our daily life 4.His (helped him solve the difficult problem quickly. 5.Parents' (attitude sometimes stops children from growing independently. 6.The (最终的)decision will be made after the meeting. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 4 高中英语冀教版 【必修1】 Unit 2 Friendship 1.You need to (apology)to your teacher for being late again 2.It's (fortune)that we have enough time to prepare for the exam. 3.The(origin)plan was to visit the museum,but it rained heavily. 4.She felt (grateful)to her neighbors for their help during the storm. 5.The lecture was so (stress)that many students fell asleep. 6.Einstein was one of the greatest(intellectual)in history. 7.He (eventual)finished the project after working day and night. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这张老照片使我想起了我的童年。 This old photo my childhood. 2.他的成功是基于多年的努力。 His success years of hard work. 3.老师总是强调练习的重要性。 Teachers always of practice 4.她因为帮助我学习英语而受到我的感激。 her helping me with my English. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Last week,Tom forgot his best friend's birthday,which made his friend very sad.Tom felt sorry and decidedto (apologize)sincerely.He wrote a letter of(apology)and gave his friend a special gift. (fortune),his friend forgave him In fact,Tom is usually a(care)person,but he has been under great (stress)from his studies recently.His friend understood that and said,"It's typical you to be busy with your studies,but don't forget to stay in touch."Tom was (grateful)for his friend'sunderstanding and promised to be more thoughtful. 参考答案 高中英语冀教版 【必修1】 Unit 2 Friendship I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.apology 2.origin 3.stress 4.intelligence 5.protective 6.eventual Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.apologize 2.fortunate 3.original 4.grateful 5.stressful 6.intellectuals 7 eventually II完成句子 1.reminds me of 2.is based on 3.stress the importance 4.am grateful to;for V.语篇填空 1.apologize 2.apology 3.Fortunately 4.careful 5.stress 6.of 7.grateful 6