Unit 4 Disaster Survival A部分-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（沪外版）

高中选择性必修第二册沪外版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit4】Disaster Survival A部分 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 boundary/'baundri//n.边界；分infectious/m'feks/adj.传染性究（或从事），专攻 界线 的 gene/din/n.基因d statistic/sta'trstrk/n.(一项)统clinic/klmrk/n.诊所；门诊部 genome/'d3 i:noum/n.基因组， 计数据 disinfect/,dsn'fekt/v.为…染色体组☐ assist/a'sIst/v.协助：帮助 消毒；给…杀菌 cell/se/n.细胞 tackle/'taekl/v.处理，对付（难outbreak/'autbreik/n.爆发，突being/'bi:)/n.生物：存在；身 题) 然发生 心 ital/vatl/adj.极其重要的 surgeon/'s3:d39n/n.外科医生 lifespan/'larfspaen/n.寿命，有 tragic/'tred3k/adj.悲惨的，不physician/fi'zn/n.医师，内科效期口 幸的 医生 Ebola/i'bale/n.埃博拉病毒 dentist/'dentrst/.n.牙科医生 specialist/'spefolist/n.专家 specialize/'spefalaiz/v.专门研 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.assist/月'sIst/V.协助：帮助 词汇变形 名词形式：assistance 形容词形式：assistant(助理的；n.助理) 构词解析 前缀as-:表“加强”；词根sist表“站立”（如exist“存在”）：后缀-nce构成名词，-ant构成形容 词/名词。 例句：The nurse assisted the doctor in performing the operation. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：We are looking for an一(assist)to help with daily tasks in the clinic.（答案：assistant) 2.specialist/'spefalrst/n.专家 词汇变形 动词形式：specialize 形容词形式：special(特别的)：specific(具体的，特定的) 高中选择性必修第二册沪外版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析 词根spec表“看”（如inspect“检查”)：后缀-ial构成形容词，-ist表“从事…的人”，-ize构成 动词“使…专门化”。 She specializes in infectious diseases and works as a medical specialist. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：The hospital invited a heart specialist to tackle the complex case. 3.infectious/m'fek∫s/adj.传染性的 词汇变形 动词形式：infect 名词形式：infection 构词解析 前缀in-:表“进入”；词根fect表“做”（如affect“影响”）：后缀-ious构成形容词，-ion构成名词。 Ebola is a highly infectious virus that spreads through body fluids. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习)：Proper disinfection can prevent the一(infect) of germs in clinics.(答案：infection) 4.disinfect/dsn'fekt/v.为…消毒：给…杀菌 词汇变形 名词形式：disinfection 构词解析 前缀dis-:表“去除”；infect“感染”；后缀-ion构成名词。 The medical staff must disinfect their hands before entering the isolation ward. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：Regular一(disinfect)of medical equipment is vital in preventing outbreaks..(答案：disinfection) 5.outbreak/'aotbreik/n.爆发，突然发生 词汇变形 动词短语：break out(爆发) 构词解析 前缀out-:表“向外”；break“打破”；合成词“向外打破”引申为“爆发”。 例句：The outbreak of Ebola in20l4 caused a global health crisis. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：Local authorities quickly responded to the out: break of the infectious disease. 6.specialize/'spe∫laIz/v.专门研究（或从事)，专攻 词汇变形 名词形式：specialization/specialist 形容词形式：specialized(专门的) 构词解析 词根special“特别的”；后缀-ize构成动词“使专门化”。 He decided to specialize in genomic research after studying genetics. 高中选择性必修第二册沪外版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：This clinic._(special)in treating dentalproblems. (答案：specializes) 7.cell/sel/n.细胞 词汇变形 形容词形式：cellular(细胞的；蜂窝状的) 构词解析 后缀-ular:加在名词后构成形容词，表“具有…特征的”。 例句：The human body is made up of trillions of cells. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：Scientists are studying how cancer cells spread in the body. 8.being/bi:四/n.生物：存在；身心 词汇变形 动词形式：be(是：存在) 构词解析 动词be的现在分词形式，加ing构成名词，表“存在”或“生物”。 例句：All living beings need water and oxygen to survive. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：Human一(be)should respect the balance of nature.（答案：beings) 9.vital/'vatl/adj.极其重要的 词汇变形 名词形式：vitality(活力) 构词解析 词根vit表“生命”（如vitamin“维生素”)：后缀-al构成形容词。 例句：Early detection is vital for treating infectious diseases. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：Itis一(vitality)to follow the doctor'sadvice during recovery.(答案：vital) 10.statistic/ste't虹stk/n.(一项)统计数据 词汇变形 名词复数：statistics(统计学；统计数据) 形容词形式：statistical(统计的) 构词解析 词根stat表“站立”（如state“状态”）：后缀-istic构成形容词，-ics表“学科”。 The statistic shows that the average lifespan has increased by 5 years. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习)：一(Statistic)analysis helps us understand the spread of the disease.(答案：Statistical) 11.tragic/'t女ed3k/adj.悲惨的，不幸的 词汇变形 3 高中选择性必修第二册沪外版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 名词形式：tragedy(悲剧) 构词解析 词根trag表“悲刷”（如tragedy):后缀-ic构成形容词。 The tragic outcome of the outbreak could have been avoided with timely measures. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：The novel tells a tragic story of a doctor fighting Ebola. 12.genome/'d3inm/n.基因组，染色体组 词汇变形 形容词形式：genomic(基因组的) 构词解析 词根gene“基因”；后缀-ome表“整体”（如chromosome“染色体”）；-ic构成形容词。 Scientists are mapping the Ebola virus genome to develop a vaccine. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：一(Genome)research has made great progress in recent years..(答案：Genomic) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The doctor asked for an()to hand over the medical tools during the operation. 2.The()in infectious diseases was invited to give a lecture at the hospital. 3.Proper_()of public areas is necessary to stop the spread of viruses. 4.The_(基因组的)research has provided new insights into the treatment of cancer. 5.The()of the disease in the village was controlled within a week. 6.Early detection is_(极其重要的)for improving the survival rate of patients. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The nurse provided_(assist)to the elderly patient when he walked. 2.This clinic(special)in treating rare genetic diseases. 3.The_(infect)rate of the virus has decreased by 50%after taking measures. 4.(Statistic)data shows that more people are paying attention to mental health 5.The(tragic)of the accident made everyone feel sad. 6.Regular exercise can improve your physical_(vital). 高中选择性必修第二册沪外版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 7.The(cellular)structure of the organism was observed under the microscope. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这位科学家毕生致力于基因组研究。 The scientist all his life -research. 2.及时的隔离措施对阻止传染病传播至关重要。 Timely isolation measures stopping the spread of infectious diseases. 3.医疗人员必须在进入病房前给双手消毒。 Medical staff must__-before entering the ward. 4.统计分析帮助我们了解这种新型病毒的特性。 helps us understand the characteristics of the new virus. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In recent years,the fight against infectious diseases has become a global challenge.Medical workers, including doctors and(assist),risk their lives to save patients.To control outbreaks,specialists emphasize the importance of(disinfect)and early detection.For example,during the Ebola_ (outbreak),-(specialize)teams worked day and night to track the virus.Genomic research also played a key role-scientists mapped the virus's-(gene)structure to develop vaccines.-(Statis- tic)data showed that such efforts reduced the death rate significantly.However,some regions still face_(tragic)due to lack of medical resources.It is_(vitality)for all countries to work together to build a healthier world. 参考答案 I.一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.assistant 2.specialist 3.disinfection 4.genomic 5.outbreak 6.vital Ⅱ.二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.assistance 2.specializes 3.infection 4.Statistical 5.tragedy 6.vitality 7.cellular I三、完成句子 1.devoted;to genomic 2.are vital for 5 高中选择性必修第二册沪外版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 3.disinfect their hands 4.Statistical analysis V.四、语篇填空 1.assistants 2.disinfection 3.outbreak 4.specialized 5.genetic 6.Statistical 7. tragedies 8.vital 6