Unit 1 Learning for Life A部分-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第一册（沪外版）

高中选择性必修第一册沪外版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit 1】Learning for Life 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 frequently /'fri:kwantli//adv.频验；试验（为探索未知、获取新twine /twam/n.(两股或多股 繁地：经常 知识的尝试) 的)线、绳：合股线、麻绳 recite/r'saIt/v.(尤指对听众)gas/ges/n.气体（如氢、氧）；wire/waIa)/n.金属丝：金属 背诵、朗诵（已熟记的诗、文气体燃料（如天然气，用于取线：一段金属丝（或线） 等) 暖、烹饪) uruy/n'Iu:li/adj.难以控制 trial/'trarl/n.令人痛苦的经历、compound/'kpmpaund/n.化合（或管理）的；难以驾驭的 考验：（法院的）审讯、审理、审物（两种或以上元素按比例结donkey/'doki/n.驴（腿短耳 判 合)：复合物（多种事物组合）长、用于驮重物的动物) educator/'ed3 ukerta(r)/n.(正practically/'praektrkli/adv.实事bush /ba/n.灌木（根部生出多 式)教育工作者：教师 求是地；几乎；很接近 根硬茎的植物) Polish /'p9 ol/adj..波兰的：波exper'imental /k,sperI'mentl/unseat./,n'si:t/v.使落马（或自 兰人的：波兰语的 ad.科学实验的：以实验（或试行车）：解除某人的权力职位 poetry /'pauatri/n.诗集；诗歌；验)为基础的、实验性的 embarrass/m'ber3s/V.使（尤 诗作 somehow/'smha/adv.由于某指在社交场合)尴尬、使难堪 compose /kam'pz/v.撰写（信种未知原因：不知为什么；不知dignity/'dignati/n.自尊；庄严： 函、讲稿、诗等，常含构思)：（正怎么地 尊严（值得尊重的庄重态度） 式)组成、构成（一个整体）nickname /'niknem/V.给· suffer/'sfa()/V.遭受、蒙受 prose/prauz/n.散文 起绰号（非正式、常带幽默）：n.(痛苦、损失等) patriotic/,petri'Dtik/ad.爱国绰号、外号 fate /feit/n.命中注定的事（尤 的 herd-boy/'h3:dbo/n.牧童（照指坏事）；命运 acquire/'kwara(r)/V.(通过努看牲畜的男孩) defeat/dr'fit/v.击败、战胜（比 力、能力、行为表现)获得、得calf /ka:f/n.小牛：（人的）小腿赛、战争中的对手)：n.失败、 到 肚 战败 willingly/wrlnli/adv.乐意地：slingshot /'slmfpt/n.弹弓（儿童opponent /a'paunant/n.对手 自愿地 用于弹射石子的工具) 竞争者（比赛、争论中的对方） poet/pat/n.诗人 gather/'gae(r)/v.采集（植物、dishonour/ds'Dnar)/V.(正式） aid/erdv.(正式)帮助、援助：水果等) 使丢脸、使蒙受耻辱：n.耻辱、 n.援助；（困境中的）救援物资、honey/hni/n.蜂蜜（蜜蜂产出丢脸 援助款项 的甜腻黄色物质) experiment/ik'sperimant/n.实stream/stri:m/n.小河；溪流 高中选择性必修第一册沪外版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.educator/ed3 ukerta)/n.(正式)教育工作者；教师 词汇变形 动词形式：educate(教育；教导) 形容词形式：educational(教育的：有教育意义的) 构词解析 后缀-or:加在动词后，表“从事…职业的人”；-te为动词后缀；-al为形容词后缀。 同类词：inventor(发明家)←-invent(发明)、actor(演员)←-act(表演) 例句：The educator emphasized the importance of lifelong learning. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习)：Schools should provide more (educate) opportunities for students with special needs.(答案：educational) 2.poetry/'paustri/n.诗集；诗歌；诗作 词汇变形 名词形式（指“诗人”）：pot 形容词形式：poetic(诗歌的；诗意的) 构词解析 后缀-y:构成抽象名词，表“…类别的事物”；-t表“人”；-ic为形容词后缀。 同类词：artistry（艺术性)←-artist(艺术家)、chemistry(化学)←-chemist(化学家) 例句：She has a deep love for poetry and often writes her own poems. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第一册教材例句）：The poet expressed his feelings about nature through his poetry. 3.compose /kam'p3oz/V.撰写（信函、讲稿、诗等，常含构思）；（正式）组成、构成（一个整体） 词汇变形 名词形式：composition(作文；构成) 形容词形式：composite(混合的；合成的) 构词解析 前缀com-:表“共同、一起”；后缀p0se为动词词根（意为“放置”）：-ition为名词后缀：-ite为 形容词后缀。 例句：She spent three hours composing a thank-you letter to her teacher. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：The(compose)of the team includes students from different grades.(答案：composition) 4.acquire/kwara)/v.(通过努力、能力、行为表现)获得、得到 词汇变形 名词形式：acquisition(获得：习得) 形容词形式：acquired(后天获得的) 构词解析 前缀ac-:表“加强”；词根quir/quis:意为“寻求、获得”；-ition为名词后缀：-ed为形容词后缀。 Children acquire language skills most effectively in a natural environment. 高中选择性必修第一册沪外版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：The (acquire)of knowledge requires patience and hard work.(答案：acquisition) 5.experiment/k'sperimant/n.实验：试验（为探索未知、获取新知识的尝试) 词汇变形 动词形式：experiment(做实验) 形容词形式：experimental(实验性的；实验的) 构词解析 前缀ex-:表“出、外”；词根peri:意为“尝试”；-ment为名词/动词后缀：-al为形容词后缀。 例句：The scientists are conducting an experiment to test the new drug 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第一册教材例句）：Experimental results show that the theory is correct 6.experimental/k,sperI'ment/adj.科学实验的：以实验（或试验）为基础的、实验性的 词汇变形 名词形式：experiment(实验) 动词形式：experiment(进行实验) 构词解析 后缀-：加在名词后构成形容词，表“与…相关的：具有…性质的”。 同类词：natural（自然的)←-nature（自然)、cultural(文化的)←culture(文化) 例句：The experimental method is widely used in scientific research. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：They are planning to(experimental)with new teaching methods.(答案：experiment) 7.gather/'ga83(r)/v.采集（植物、水果等） 词汇变形 名词形式：gathering(聚会；集会) 构词解析 后缀-ig:加在动词后构成名词，表“动作或动作的结果”。 同类词：meeting(会议)←-meet(遇见)、building(建筑)←-build(建造) 例句：Farmers gather crops in autumn. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第一册教材例句）：The family had a gathering to celebrate the Spring Festival. 8.embarrass/m'baeras/v.使（尤指在社交场合）尴尬、使难堪 词汇变形 名词形式：embarrassment(尴尬：难堪) 形容词形式：embarrassed(感到尴尬的)：embarrassing(令人尴尬的) 构词解析 前缀em-:表“使…处于某种状态”；后缀-ment为名词后缀；-ed表“感到…的”；-ing表“令 人…的”。 例句：He felt embarrassed when he forgot his lines on stage. 高中选择性必修第一册沪外版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习)：To avoid (embarrass),she left the party early.(答案：embarrassment) 9.dignity/'drgnati/n.自尊；庄严；尊严（值得尊重的庄重态度） 词汇变形 形容词形式：dignified(有尊严的：庄严的) 构词解析 后缀ty:构成抽象名词，表“性质、状态”；fid为形容词后缀（由-fy变化而来，表“使…具 有”)。 同类词：safety(安全)←-safe(安全的)、loyalty(忠诚)←-loyal(忠诚的) 例句：He maintained his dignity even in difficult situations.. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第一册教材例句）：The old man walked with a dignified manner, l0.suffer/'sfa()/v.遭受、蒙受（痛苦、损失等） 词汇变形 名词形式：suffering(痛苦；苦难) 形容词形式：sufferable(可忍受的) 构词解析 前缀suf-:表“在下面”（加强语气）；后缀-ing构成名词；-able表“可…的”。 例句：Many people suffered from the flood last year. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：The(suffer)caused by the war will never be forgotten.(答案：suffering) 11.defeat/d'fit/v.击败、战胜（比赛、战争中的对手）：n.失败、战败 词汇变形 形容词形式：defeated(被击败的：受挫的) 构词解析 前缀de-:表“向下；相反”；后缀-ed构成形容词，表“被…的”。 例句：Our team was defeated in the final match, 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：The(defeat)army had to retreat to the nountains..(答案：defeated) l2.opponent3 paunant/n.对手、竞争者（比赛、争论中的对方） 词汇变形 动词形式：oppose(反对；对抗) 形容词形式：opposed(反对的：相反的) 构词解析 前缀op-:表“相反”；词根pon/pos:意为“放置”；-ent为名词/形容词后缀。 同类词：assistant(助手)←-assist(帮助)、student(学生)←-study(学习) 例句：He shook hands with his opponent after the game 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：She strongly (opponent)the new policy. (答案：opposed) 4 高中选择性必修第一册沪外版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The from Beijing University will give a lecture on education reform next week. 2.Her collection of (诗歌)has been t女ranslated into several languages. 3.The team's (构成)includes experts from different fields. 4.Language (requires consistent practice and exposure. 5.The scientists are conducting an (实g验)to test the new theory: 6.The annual family (will be held at my grandparents'house this weekend. 7.She couldn't hide her (尴尬)when she tripped in front of the class. 8.The old professor maintained his (尊严)even in difficult times. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The novel is written in a(poetry)style that appeals to many readers 2.After years of hard work,she finally succeeded in the(acquire)of her dream job. 3.The (compose)of the committee was carefully planned to ensure diversity. 4.These (experiment)results have opened up new possibilities for medical research. 5.The (defeat)candidate congratulated his opponent gracefully after the election. 6.He spent the whole afternoon (gather)data for his research project. 7.The (educate)value of this program has been widely recognized by experts 8.The company announced the (acquire)of a small tech startup last month. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这位诗人花了三年时间创作他的最新诗集。 The poet spent three years his latest of 2.实验结果表明这种新药是有效的。 The results show that the new drug is. J 高中选择性必修第一册沪外版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 3.团队由来自不同国家的科学家组成。 The team scientists from different countries. 4.孩子们在自然环境中能更有效地学习语言。 Children can language more effectively in a 5.她为自己在比赛中的表现感到自豪。 She her performance in the competition. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Ms.Wang is a well-respected_ (educate)who has been teaching for over 20 years.She believes that education should focus on the(acquire)of practical skills as well as theoretical knowledge. Every year,she organizes a creative writing competition to encourage students to(compose) their own stories and poems. Last month,the students'works were displayed in the school library.Many of them showed great (poetry)talent.One student wrote about her experience of(gather)wildflowers in the countryside,which was praised for its vivid descriptions.Another student's story about scientific (experiment)won the first prize. Ms.Wang often tellsher students that the (compose)of a good story requires both imagination and observation.She also emphasizes that learning is a lifelong process,and the (acquire)of knowledge never ends.Her (educate)methods have inspired many students to pursue their passions 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.educator 2.poetry 3.composition 4.acquisition 5.experiment 6.gathering 7.embarrassment 8.dignity Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.poetic 2.acquisition 3.composition 4.experimental 5.defeated 6.gathering 7.educational 8.acquisition ⅡL.完成句子 1.composing;collection;poetry 2.experimental;effective 6 高中选择性必修第一册沪外版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 3.is composed of 4.acquire;natural environment 5.takes pride in V,语篇填空 1.educator 2.acquisition 3.compose 4.poetic 5.gathering 6.experiments 7.composition 8.acquisition 9.educational 7