Unit 5 Education Lesson1-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（北师大版）

高中选修2北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5:Education Lesson 1 词汇精讲 Unit 5:Education Lesson 1 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 enlighten /m'latn/t.启迪：指的 complex/'kpmpleks/adj.复杂的： 导，教导 doll/dolm.玩偶 难以理解的 exceptionally /ik'sepfanali/adv. initially'nifali/adv.起初 violet/'varalat/n.紫罗兰 极其，非常 excitement/ik'saitmant//h.兴奋，gently/d3 entli/adv.轻柔地；温 severe /sI''ve/adj.很严重的 激动 和地：平缓地 restriction/r'strik [n/n.限制，规imitation/,Im'teI [n/n.模仿，仿puzzle/'pAzl/t. 使因惑，使迷 定，约束 效 惑 unbearable /An'bearabl/adj.难stream/stri:m/m.水流 apparent /a'parant/adj.显而易 以忍受的：承受不住的 liquid/'likwId/n.液体 见的；明白的 troublesome/'trAblsam/adj.引precious/'prefas/adj.宝贵的 ray /rer/n.(太阳或月亮的)光线 起麻烦的：令人烦恼的 grasp /gra:sp/t.理解，领会 disappointed /disa'pomntid/adj. stubborn/'stAban/adj.固执的，gradual/'gred3ua/adj.逐渐的，失望的，沮丧的 执拗的：倔强的 逐步的 abstract/'aebstraekt/adj.抽象的 tendency/'tendansi/n.倾向 painful/peinfl/adj.令人痛苦的；concept/kDnsept/h.概念；想法 superb/su:'p3b/adj.极好的，卓困难的；疼痛的 breakthrough /'breikeru:/n. 越的 enthusiastic/m,0ju:zi'estk/adj.破；重大进展 eyesight/'aIsaIt//n.视力 热心的，热衷的 necklace/'neklas/n.项链 relate /rI'let/vi.理解；相联系 vocabulary /v3'kaebjalari/n.词汇forehead/fo:hed/n.额，前额 technique/tek'nikn.技巧，手法量 ivid/vIvid/adj.生动的，逼真的 straightforward/,streit'fo:wad/adj.expand /ik'spaend/vi.vt.( 简单的，易懂的：诚实的，坦率扩大：增加 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.enlighter/m'latn/t.启迪；指导，教导 名词形式：enlightenment(启迪；启蒙运动) 形容词形式：enlightening(有启发作用的) 构词解析：前缀en-:表“使…进入某种状态”；词根light（光)：后缀-e:构成动词。 The teacher's words enlightened her to pursue her dreams bravely. 1 高中选修2北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5:Education Lesson 1 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2同步练习）：Reading classic books can be an_(enlighten)experience for teenagers.(答案：enlightening) 2.exception/ik'sepn/m.例外（由副词exceptionally逆推核心词） 形容词形式：exceptional(例外的：杰出的) 副词形式：exceptionally(极其，非常) 构词解析：前缀ex-:表“出”：词根cept（拿，抓)：后缀-ion:构成名词：-al:构成形容词：-y: 构成副词。 例句：She is an exceptional student who always gets top grades. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2教材例句）：The weather was exceptionally hot during the summer vacation. 3.restriction/r'strik fn/n.限制，规定，约束 动词形式：restrict(限制) 形容词形式：restrictive(限制性的) 构词解析：前缀re-:表“回，向后”；词根strict(严格的)；后缀ion:构成名词；-ive:构成形容词。 例句：There are strict restrictions on smoking in public places.. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2同步练习)：Parents should not_(restriction)their children's freedom too much.(答案：restrict) 4.unbearable/n'bearabl/adj.难以忍受的：承受不住的 动词形式：bear（忍受：承担) 形容词形式：bearable(可忍受的) 构词解析：前缀un-:表“否定”；词根bear(承受)；后缀-able:表“可…的”。 例句：The heat in the desert was almost unbearable for the travelers. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2教材例句)：She found the noise from the construction site unbearable. 5.troublesome/'trAblsam/adj.引起麻烦的：令人烦恼的 名词形式：trouble(麻烦：困难) 构词解析：名词trouble(麻烦)：后缀-some:表“充满…的：引起…的”。 同类词：tiresome(令人厌烦的)、awesome(令人惊叹的) 例句：The broken machine has been a troublesome problem for the factory. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2同步练习）：Taking care of a sick pet can be_(trouble),but it also brings joy.(答案：troublesome) 6.enthusiastic/m,0juzi'estk/adj.热心的，热衷的 名词形式：enthusiasm(热情；热衷) 副词形式：enthusiastically(热心地) 构词解析：前缀en-:表“使…”；词根theos(神，古希腊语)：后缀-astic:表“有…性质的”； aly:构成副词。 例句：She was enthusiastic about joining the school drama club. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2教材例句）：The students listened to the lecture enthusiastically. 高中选修2北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5:Education Lesson 1 7.vocabulary /va'kaebjalri/h.词汇量 形容词形式：vocabular(词汇的，较少用) 构词解析：词根voc（声音；语言)；后缀-ary:表“集合名词”。 Expanding your vocabulary is essential for learning a foreign language. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2同步练习)：Reading English novels is a good way to improve your _(vocabulary).（答案：vocabulary) 8.expansion/k'spaenfn/h.扩大：扩张（由动词expand逆推名词形式） 动词形式：expand(扩大；增加) 形容词形式：expansive(广阔的；扩张的) 构词解析：前缀ex-:表“向外”；词根pans(展开)：后缀-ion:构成名词；-ive:构成形容词。 例句：The company plans to expand its business into Asian markets. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2教材例句）：The rapid expansion of cities has caused many environmental problems. 9.complex/kDmpleks/adj.复杂的；难以理解的 名词形式：complexity(复杂性) 副词形式：complexly（复杂地) 构词解析：前缀com-:表“共同”；词根plex(折叠)：后缀-ity:构成名词：y:构成副词。 例句：The relationship between the two countries is very complex. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2同步练习）：The_(complex)of the problem requires careful analysis..(答案：complexity) I0.apparent/'parant/adj.显而易见的；明白的 副词形式：apparently（显然地) 名词形式：appearance(出现；外表) 构词解析：前缀ap-(=ad-):表“朝向”；词根pear（出现，来自拉丁语)：后缀-ent:构成形容词； -y:构成副词。 例句：Her disappointment was apparent when she heard the news. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2教材例句)：Apparently,he has no interest in attending the meeting. 11.abstract/'ebstraekt/adj.抽象的 动词形式：abstract(提取；抽象化) 名词形式：abstraction(抽象概念) 构词解析：前缀ab-:表“离开”；词根tract(拉，引)：后缀t:构成动词：-ion:构成名词。 例句：Abstract art is often difficult for some people to understand. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2同步练习）：The painter tried to__(abstract)the essence of nature in his works.(答案：abstract) l2.breakthrough/brek0u:h.突破：重大进展 动词短语：break through(突破；穿过) 构词解析：break(打破)+through(穿过)，合成名词表“突破”。 3 高中选修2北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5:Education Lesson 1 例句：Scientists have made a major breakthrough in cancer research, 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2教材例句)：After years of hard work,the team finally broke through the technical barriers. 13.gr adual/gred3ual/adj.逐渐的，逐步的 副词形式：gradually(逐渐地) 名词形式：gradualness(渐进性) 构词解析：词根grad(步：级)：后缀-ual:构成形容词；y:构成副词。 The company has made gradual progress in reducing carbon emissions. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2同步练习）：The climate has been changing (gradual)over the past century.(答案：gradually) l4.disappointment/.dhs3'pointmant/n.失望（由形容词disappointed逆推名词形式） 动词形式：disappoint(使失望) 形容词形式：disappointed(失望的)：disappointing(令人失望的) 构词解析：前缀dis-:表“否定”：词根appoint(约定；任命)；后缀-ment:构成名词：-ed-ing:构 成形容词。 例句：To his disappointment,he failed the driving test again 真题链接（北师大版高中选修2教材例句）：The movie was disappointing because the ending was too predictable. 综合训练 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The Enlightenment was a period of great intellectual development in Europe. 2.There are strict (on the number of visitors allowed in the museum each day. 3.The team's recent research has led to a major (in medical science. 4.The (of the city has resulted in the loss of many green spaces. 5.She showed (for learning new languages from a young age 6.The (复杂性)of the problem requires a team of experts to solve. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The teacher's explanation was so (enlighten)that all students understood the concept imme- diately. 2.Parents should not (restriction)their children's curiosity and creativity. 4 高中选修2北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5:Education Lesson 1 3.The heat during the summer months in this region is almost (bear). 4.She found the constant noise from the neighbors(trouble) 5.The students listened (enthusiastic)to the guest speaker's lecture. 6.The rapid_ (expand)of the internet has changed the way we communicate. 7.His (appear)at the party surprised everyone because they thought he was out of town. 8.The artist's (abstract)style makes his paintings difficult to interpret. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.阅读经典书籍能为青少年提供有启发作用的体验。 Reading classic books can provide teenagers with an 2.显然，他对参加这次会议没有兴趣。 _he has no interest in attending the meeting. 3.科学家们在癌症研究方面取得了重大突破。 Scientists have made a major cancer research 4.父母不应过多限制孩子的自由。 Parents should not」 their children's freedom 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 English learning involves various aspects,and building a strong(vocabulary)is essential.One effective way is reading,which can be both(enlighten)and enjoyable.However,some students find certain texts(complex)due to unfamiliar words.To overcome this,teachers often suggest breaking down long sentences and identifying word families.For example,the verb"restrict"has the noun form”_(restriction)”and the adjective form"restrictive'”. Another important skill is understanding word formation.Prefixes like"un-"can change the mean- ing of adjectives,such as"bearable"becoming"(bearable)".Similarly,suffixes like"-ion" often turn verbs into nouns,as seen in"expandand"(expand)".By mastering these rules,stu- dents can gradually improve their language skills and achieve(breakthrough)in their studies. (apparent),consistent practice is the key to success. 参考答案 5 高中选修2北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5:Education Lesson 1 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Enlightenment 2.restrictions 3.breakthrough 4.expansion 5.enthusiasm 6.com- plexity Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.enlightening 2.restrict 3.unbearable 4.troublesome 5.enthusiastically 6.expansion 7.appearance 8.abstract I.完成句子 1.enlightening experience 2.Apparently 3.breakthrough in 4.restrict too much V.语篇填空 1.vocabulary 2.enlightening 3.complex 4.restriction 5.unbearable 6.expansion 7.breakthroughs 8.Apparently 6