内容正文:
高中选修3北师大版
【寒假专版】
Literature Lesson2词汇变形及词缀精讲
寒假专版
【Unit8】Literature Lesson2
词汇变形及词缀精讲
全部单元单词
queer /kwia/adj.奇怪的,难以
continuous /kan'tmju3s/adj.持glee/gli:/n.高兴,兴奋:幸灾乐
解释的
续的,不间断的,连续的
祸
frozen/fiaz/adj.(河、湖等)twinkle/twkl/vi.闪烁,闪耀poet/'p3wt/n.诗人
结冰的:冷冻的,冷藏的
stretch/stret∫/vi.&t.延伸,绵gay/ge/[时]adj.快乐的,兴奋
harness/'ha:nIs/n.(马的)挽具,延:(使)变大;(使)变松:拉长的
马具
margin/ma:dm/n.(尤指地域jocund/'d3 pkand/ad.快活的:
sweep/swi:p/t.&vi.扫,打扫:或水域的)边缘,边隅:页边的高兴的
扫去:卷走,冲走
空白,页边
gaze /geiz/vi.&n.凝视,盯着
downy/'dauni/adj.被绒毛覆盖
bay /ber/n.湾,海湾
看:注视
的:充满绒毛的
glance/gla:ns//n.一瞥,很快的oft/oft/adv.经常,时常
flake /fleik/n.小薄片
一看:vi.一瞥,看一眼
couch /kaotf/n.长沙发
daffodil/'daefadil/n.水仙(花),toss/tos/vi.&t.甩头;扔,掷,vacant/veikant/adj.空的,未被
黄水仙
抛
占用的
wander/'wDnda/i.&t.徘徊,sprightly/spratli/adj.活跃的,
pensive/'pensIv//adj.沉思的;郁
闲逛;漫步于
充满活力的
郁不乐的
vale /veil/n.谷:山谷
wave /werv/n.海浪,波涛;(行inward/nwad/adj.内心的,精
flutter/'flAta//vi.&t.(在空中)为、活动或感情的)一阵,风潮:神的
飘扬,飘动:振(翼),拍打(翅
vi.&t.挥动,摆动:挥手
bliss/blis/n.极乐,无上幸福,福
膀)
sparkling/'spa:klr四/adj.闪亮的,佑,至福
breeze/bri:z/n.微风,和风
闪光的
solitude/'splrtju:d/n.独处,独居
词汇变形及词缀精讲
1.frozen/'frauzn/adj.(河、湖等)结冰的:冷冻的,冷藏的
词汇变形
动词原形:freeze(结冰;冻结)
现在分词:freezing(极冷的;冻结的)
构词解析
后缀-en:加在形容词后构成动词(如quicken),此处为动词freeze的过去分词形式作形容词,表
1
高中选修3北师大版
【寒假专版】
Literature Lesson2词汇变形及词缀精讲
“被冻结的”。
例句:The frozen lake is covered with thick ice in winter.
2.continuous /kan'tinjuas/adj.持续的,不间断的,连续的
词汇变形
副词形式:continuously
动词形式:continue(继续,持续)
名词形式:continuity(连续性)
构词解析
前缀con-:表“共同、一起”;词根tinu:表“持续”;后缀-ous:构成形容词,表“具有…性质
的”。
例句:The continuous rain made the trip impossible.
3.poet/'p3oIt/n.诗人
词汇变形
名词(诗歌):poem
名词(诗歌总称):poetry
形容词(诗意的):poetic
构词解析
后缀-et:表“人”(如artist):poen去“m”加“t”构成“诗人”。
例句:Li Bai is one of the greatest poets in Chinese history.
4.sparkling/'spa:klr/adj.闪亮的,闪光的
词汇变形
动词原形:sparkle(闪烁,闪耀)
名词形式:sparkle(闪光,闪耀)
构词解析
后缀-g:动词的现在分词形式作形容词,表“正在…的:具有…特征的”。
例句:The sparkling stars lit up the dark sky.
5.inward/'nwad/adj.内心的,精神的
词汇变形
副词形式:inwards(向内)
反义词:outward(外在的;向外)
构词解析
前缀i-:表“向内、在内”;后缀-ward:构成形容词或副词,表“方向”。
例句:She has an inward strength that helps her face difficulties.
6.solitude/'splrtju:d/n.独处,独居
词汇变形
形容词形式:solitary(独居的;孤独的)
构词解析
2
高中选修3北师大版
【寒假专版】
Literature Lesson2词汇变形及词缀精讲
前缀sol-:表“单独、唯一”(如solo):后缀-itude:构成抽象名词,表“状态、性质”。
例句:He enjoys the solitude of the mountain cabin.
7.vacant/veikant/adj.空的,未被占用的
词汇变形
名词形式:vacancy(空缺;空位)
动词形式:vacate(腾出,空出)
构词解析
前缀vac-:表“空”(如vacuum);后缀-ant:构成形容词,表“处于…状态的”。
例句:Is there a vacant seat in the library?
8.pensive/'pensIv//adj.沉思的;郁郁不乐的
词汇变形
名词形式:pensiveness(沉思;忧郁)
构词解析
词根pens:表“思考”(如pondere“权衡”):后缀-ive:构成形容词,表“倾向于…的”。
例句:She sat in the corner with a pensive look on her face.
9.glee/gli/n.高兴,兴奋:幸灾乐祸
词汇变形
形容词形式:gleeful(高兴的,欢快的)
构词解析
后缀fl:加在名词后构成形容词,表“充满…的”(如joyf)。
例句:The children shouted with glee when they saw the presents,
l0.jocund/'d3 pkand/adj.快活的:高兴的
词汇变形
近义词:cheerful,joyful
构词解析
词根joc:表“玩笑、欢乐”(如joke);后缀-nd:构成形容词,表“具有…性质的”。
例句:The jocund music made everyone want to dance.
11.oft/oft/adv.经常,时常
词汇变形
现代常用形式:often
构词解析
古英语中“oft”为“often”的简略形式,现多用于诗歌或正式文体。
例句:Oft in the night,.she wakes up thinking of her family.
12.daffodil/'daefadrl/n.水仙(花),黄水仙
构词解析
复合词:由“asphodel”(日光兰)演变而来,前缀“da-”可能表“明亮”,因水仙花多为黄色,象
3
高中选修3北师大版
【寒假专版】
Literature Lesson2词汇变形及词缀精讲
征阳光。
例句:The garden is full of daffodils in spring.
13.breeze/bri:z/n.微风,和风
词汇变形
动词形式:breeze(轻松完成)
构词解析
可能源自拉丁语“briza”(东北风),后缀-e表名词词性。
例句:A gentle breeze blew through the open window.
综合训练
一、
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.The poet found inspiration in the
(独处)of the mountain cabin.
7.Her_(内心的)strength helped her get through the difficult time.
8.There'sa
(position in the company,you can apply for it.
9.The
(in the garden bloom beautifully in spring.
10.A gentle
(微风)blew the leaves off the trees.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.The lake is
(freeze)solid in winter,so we can skate on it.
7.She looked
(pensive)as she thought about her future.
8.The children laughed with
(glee)when they saw the presents.
9.The stars were
(sparkle)brightly in the dark sky.
10.He prefers the
(solitary)of reading books at home to going to parties.
三、完成句子(每空一词)
5.持续的雨声让我们无法外出。
The
rain made it impossible for us to go out.
6.她以内心的平静面对挑战。
She faces challenges with
peace.
高中选修3北师大版
【寒假专版】
Literature Lesson2词汇变形及词缀精讲
7.诗人在独处中找到了创作的灵感。
The poet found creative inspiration in
8.闪亮的露珠在阳光下闪闪发光。
The
dew sparkled in the sunlight.
四、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
Spring brings many changes.The once
(freeze)rivers now flow gently,and
(sparkle)
daffodils cover the fields.A soft
(breeze)carries the scent of flowers,making people feel
(jocund).Some people enjoy the
(solitude)of walking in the garden,while others
gather to share stories.(Oft),these moments of peace help people find their
(inward)
strength.Even in busy days,taking time to appreciate nature can bring
(glee)to our hearts.
参考答案
I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.solitude 7.inward 8.vacant 9.daffodils 10.breeze
Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.frozen 7.pensive 8.glee 9.sparkling 10.solitude
IL.完成句子
5.continuous 6.inward 7.solitude 8.sparkling
V.语篇填空
1.frozen
2.sparkling 3.breeze 4.jocund 5.solitude 6.Oft 7.inward
8.glee
5