内容正文:
专题04 代词、介词、数词和冠词(复习讲义)
目 录
01 析·考情目标
02 筑·专题框架
03 攻·重难考点
真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨
考点一 代词
考点二 介词
考点三 冠词
考点四 数词
4 测·预测闯关
命题透视
1.考查语法在具体语境中的运用,主要对词法,句法的灵活运用及固定搭配等多方面语法词汇知识。
2.代词核心考查人称代词(主格/宾格)、物主代词(形容词性/名词性)、反身代词(固定搭配)、不定代词(some/any、few/little、many/much、something/anything、everyone/anyone等),其中“不定代词辨析”和“物主代词用法”是高频重点;冠词注意区分不定冠词a,an以及定冠词the的运用;介词常考的是by,with,without,in,for,near,on,outside等的用法以及介词短语。
3.数词考查重点围绕“基数词”(表示数量、年龄、日期)、“序数词”(表示顺序、日期)、“数词的固定搭配”(如hundred/thousand/million的用法、分数表达、年龄表达),其中“序数词用法”和“hundred/thousand的用法”是命题重点。
热考角度
核心考点聚焦
(一)代词
1. 人称 / 物主代词:主格 / 宾格、形容词性 / 名词性物主代词辨析(如 my/mine、your/yours),完形填空高频考查上下文指代。
2. 不定代词:both/either/neither(两者)、all/none/any(三者及以上)、it/one/that(替代区别)、some/any(肯定 / 否定 / 疑问语境)。
3. 反身代词:固定搭配(enjoy oneself、teach oneself、help oneself to)及强调用法。
4. 形式主语 / 宾语:it 作形式主语(It’s + adj. + to do)、形式宾语(find it + adj. + to do)。
(二)冠词
5. 不定冠词 a/an:元音音素开头用 an(如 an hour、an honest boy),辅音音素开头用 a,表泛指 “一个”。
6. 定冠词 the:特指、序数词 / 最高级前、独一无二事物、乐器 / 姓氏复数、固定搭配(in the morning)。
7. 零冠词:三餐、球类、学科、复数名词表泛指、固定短语(by bus、at home)。
(三)介词
8. 时间介词:in(年 / 月 / 季节)、on(具体日期 / 星期 / 早中晚)、at(时刻 / 年龄)、for(持续时间)、since(起点)。
9. 方位介词:in/on/at(地点)、in front of/behind、between/among、through/across。
10. 固定搭配:介词 + 名词(in trouble、on duty)、动词 + 介词(look for、listen to)、形容词 + 介词(be good at、be interested in)。
11. 特殊用法:by + 交通工具、with + 工具 / 伴随、without 表否定。
(四)数词
12. 基数词:基本拼写、hundred/thousand/million(前有具体数字用单数,无数字加 s+of)、年龄 / 时间 / 价格表达。
13. 序数词:基本变形(first/second/third)、the + 序数词表顺序、分数表达(分子基数,分母序数,分子 > 1 分母加 s)。
14. 概数词:some/several/many/much、a few/few、a little/little(修饰可数 / 不可数)。
命题预测
1.语境化与综合化:越来越注重在具体语境中考查语法及词汇运用,很少孤立地考单词的基本含义。一道题中可能综合考查多个考点。
2.生活化与高频化:选材多与日常生活、社会热点等相关,让学生在熟悉的情境中运用语法及词汇知识。
考点一、 代词
1.(2025·福建·中考真题)My parents love our hometown so much that ________ of them have gone back to help build a new countryside.
A.all B.both C.either
2.(2025·福建·中考真题)—I am going to meet Miss Chen in two days.
—Please send my best wishes to ________.
A.her B.she C.herself
3.(2024·福建·中考真题)Using AI tools in the right way can help ________ to work better.
A.we B.us C.our
4.(2023·福建·中考真题)—Harry, is this your basketball?
—Yes, it’s ________.
A.his B.yours C.mine
5.(2022·福建·中考真题)As the art festival is coming, they are preparing everything by ________.
A.yourselves B.ourselves C.themselves
代词是常见语法考点。可能考查①宾格形式:在句中作宾语或表语。②形容词性物主代词:在名词前作定语。③名词性物主代词:作主语、宾语或表语。④反身代词、不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词等。
考点
种类
常见用法
代词
人称代词
主格:I, we, you, he, she, they, it
宾格:me, us, you, him, her, them, it
物主代词
形容性物主代词:my, our, your, his, her, their, its,近年对its考查较多,值得重点关注。
名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs, its
反身代词
形式:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, herself, himself, themselves, itself, oneself
用法:动词宾语、介词宾语、表语、同位语
动词短语:behave oneself, dress oneself, enjoy oneself, express oneself;介词短语:by oneself, for oneself, in oneself, to oneself,这些固定搭配应该重点记忆。
不定代词
all, both, either, none, neither, each, any,这里要注意并列连词的使用,它也是解题的关键。
some-, any-, no-等+thing, +body的合成代词
many, much, (a) few, (a) little,这里注意所修饰的名词的单复数。
the other, another, the others, others
it用法
1. 做形式主语:It is necessary to repeat the whole thing.
2. 做形式宾语:She made it clear (that) we were not welcome.
3. 做宾补:I have made it clear that everybody is not allowed to smoke here.
4. 用于强调句:It’s Spain that he went to, not Portugal. 强调句型中的it也是考查重点之一。
5. 模糊指代:表示一般情况。指代气候、天气、温度、时间、地点、距离等。
1. 人称代词
· 主格(作主语):I, you, he, she, it, we, they
例:She is a student.
· 宾格(作宾语:动前 / 介后):me, you, him, her, it, us, them
例:Please help me.
2. 物主代词
· 形容词性(后 + 名词):my, your, his, her, its, our, their
例:This is my book.
· 名词性(单独用,后无名词)= 形物代 + 名词
mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
例:This book is mine.
3. 反身代词
myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
· 常考搭配:
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
help oneself to 随便吃
by oneself 独自
teach oneself 自学
例:He taught himself English.
4. 不定代词
· some / any:
some 用于肯定句;any 用于否定 / 疑问句
表请求、建议、希望得到肯定回答用 some:
Would you like some tea?
· many / much:
many + 可数复数;much + 不可数
· few / a few / little / a little:
+ 可数:few(几乎没有,否定);a few(有几个,肯定)
+ 不可数:little(几乎没有,否定);a little(有一点,肯定)
· both / all / either / neither:
both 两者都;all 三者或以上都
either 两者任一;neither 两者都不
1.You’d better read today’s newspaper. There is ________ in it.
A.something interesting B.anything new C.nothing special
2.I didn’t have anything to say, so I said ________.
A.nothing B.anything C.something
3.— ________ of us knows what we should do then.
—In that case, let’s ask a third person for help.
A.Both B.Either C.Neither
4.—________ of us knows what we should do then.
—In that case, let’s ask a third person for help.
A.All B.Both C.Neither
5.—Did your school hold a clean-up activity in the park yesterday?
—Yes, it was really a hard task. But ______of us said no to it.
A.no one B.nobody C.none
6.—Will your mother help you pack your bags?
—No. I usually do it ________.
A.ourselves B.herself C.myself
7.—Would you like juice or tea, sir?
—________, thanks. A glass of water will do.
A.Both B.Neither C.None
8.—Jane, I knocked at the door but ________ answered.
—Sorry, I went to the library.
A.anybody B.somebody C.nobody
9.—Do you know the five people in the room?
—Sorry, I know ________of them.
A.all B.no one C.none
10.—I’ll never be able to finish this project on time.
—Come on, ________ is possible. We’ll find a way together.
A.something B.anything C.nothing
11.—What’s the population of the world?
—________ about 7.2 billion.
A.They’re B.It’s C.It has been
12.People find ________ faster to travel between Xiamen and Fuzhou now.
A.one B.this C.it
13.—I’m really worried that I will fail the final exams.
—________ the result is, don’t be hard on yourself. You have tried your best.
A.However B.Whatever C.Whoever
14.I feel surprised that the population in India is larger than ________ in China.
A.those B.that C.it
15.—Which of the two T-shirts will you take?
—I’ll take ________. One is for my brother and the other is for myself.
A.neither B.both C.all
考点二、 介词
1.(2025·福建·中考真题)—Do you like sports?
—Sure. I am good ________ table tennis.
A.of B.at C.to
2.(2024·福建·中考真题)A special festival was held ________ September 23rd last year to honor the hard work of Chinese farmers.
A.in B.for C.on
3.(2023·福建·中考真题)The toy is ________ my little brother. I bought it yesterday.
A.for B.from C.by
4.(2022·福建·中考真题)________ May 2022, we held many events to celebrate the 100th birthday of the Communist Youth League of China.
A.At B.In C.On
5.(2020·福建·中考真题)The Chinese survey team remeasured(重新测量)Qomolangma successfully ________ May 27, 2020.
A.in B.on C.at
介词是常见语法考点。学生应该熟练掌握常见介词的基本用法;介词与动词、名词、形容词等的固定搭配。如果名词或者代词在句子中不作主语、表语或者动词的宾语时,其前面一般是填介词。高考通常考查介词与动词、形容词或者名词的搭配。做题时应该先根据上下文和句意推断出设空处的具体意思,然后根据熟记的短语来确定要填的词。在学习的过程中应注意对短语的归纳、积累、比较和记忆。
考点
种类
常见用法
介词
时间介词
基本介词
in (表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等), on (表示某一天或星期几,指明具体的时间), at (表示特定的时间、节日、年龄), by (…的时候、到、等到…已经等,用在天、时间的前面)
难点
1. in 与after的用法区别:A.介词in+一段时间用于一般将来时。B.介词after+一段时间用于一般过去时。C.介词after +时间点常用于一般将来时。
2. for 与since的用法区别:A.介词for表示一段时间。B.介词since表示从过去某一时间以来。
3. during与for的用法区别:A.当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during。B.如果一段时间不明确则用介词for。
4. before与by的用法区别:A.介词before表示“在…之前”。B.介词by表示“到…时为止,不迟于…”。
地点介词
基本介词
in, at, on, to
难点
1.at 与in 的用法区别:at表示较小的地方,如家、村、乡村等。in表示较大的地方,如大城市、国家、洲等。
2. at与on的用法区别:at用于门牌号。on用于路名。
3.in, on, to的用法区别:in表示“包含”,如:Beijing is in the north of China. on表示“紧邻”,如:Canada lies on the north of the U.S. to表示“没接触”,如:France lies to the south of England.
方式介词
基本介词
with, in, by
难点
in, with, by的用法区别:in表示“用材料、语言”。如: Can you say it in English? with表示“用工具、某物”如: with a pen。 by表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”。如:He prefers traveling by car.
方位介词
基本介词
at, in, on, to, beneath, over, under, above, below, in front of / in the front of / behind, between / among, over/across/through
难点
1.in, on, at 的用法区别:in表示“排、行、组”。on表示“左、右”。at表示“前、后”。
2. on, over, above的用法区别:on表示一物放在另一物上面两者紧贴在一起。over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系,即“在…上方”。介词above表示一般的“高于….”,“在…之上”。
3. under与below的用法区别:under是over的反义词即“在…下方”。below是above的反义词即“低于…” , “在…之下”。
4. across, through, over, past的用法区别:across着重于“从—头或—边到另—头或另—边”,强调从表面穿过。through着重于“穿越” ,强调从一定的空间内穿过。over多表示从“上方越过”。past表示从“面前经过” 。
不用介词的情况
1.当表示时间的词前有this, that时,其前面不用介词,如:this morning
2.当表示时间的词前有next时,其前面不用介词,如: next Sunday
3.当表示时间的词前有last时,其前面不用介词,如:last Sunday
4.当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, some或all时,其前面不用介词,如:You can come any day.
1. 时间介词
· in + 年 / 月 / 季节 / 早中晚:in 2025, in May, in the morning
· on + 具体某天 / 某天早中晚:on Monday, on Sunday morning
· at + 时刻 / 点:at 6:00, at noon, at night
· since + 时间点;for + 时间段(现完标志)
2. 方位介词
· in 在里面;on 在上面(接触);under 在正下方
· between 在两者之间;among 在三者或以上之间
· in front of 在外部前面;in the front of 在内部前面
3. 常考动词 + 介词
· arrive in + 大地点;arrive at + 小地点
· hear of 听说;hear from 收到来信
· turn on 打开;turn off 关闭;turn up 调大;turn down 调小
· put on 穿上;put up 张贴;put off 推迟
4. 常考介词短语
· in public 当众;in trouble 处于困境;in surprise 惊讶地
· on duty 值日;on foot 步行;on time 准时
· at last 最后;at least 至少
· for example 例如
1.I improve my English ________ listening to something interesting every day.
A.by B.to C.at
2.I don’t think parents should be too strict ________ teenagers.
A.at B.for C.with
3.—Dad, I didn’t pass the math exam.
—I know. So I advise that you should work harder________ it from now on.
A.to B.in C.at
4.We often compare our teachers ________ candles.
A.for B.with C.to
5.In his poem, he compared his country ________ a big family.
A.with B.to C.of
6.Sometimes I feel stressed because what my parents want me to do has gone________ my ability.
A.against B.through C.beyond
7.My uncle has many hobbies, ________ swimming and collecting watches.
A.including B.among C.throughout
8.—I heard Chinese was chosen __________ one of the working languages at the new international conference.
—That’s right! It’s a big step for Chinese to go global.
A.to B.as C.at
9.Tibet opened its first flight to Hong Kong ________ February 19th, 2025.
A.at B.in C.on
10.Zhao Min is the winner of the photo competition. Her photo shows a person rushing ________ a street ________ a windy evening.
A.through; on B.across; on C.across; in
11.The coach (教练) is strict ________ the team members. They run 5 kilometers every morning.
A.with B.on C.at
12.English is spoken ________a second language________ Indians.
A.as; in B.like; in C.as; by
13.—Did Mary win the science competition?
—Yes. Nobody knew the answer to the last question ________ her.
A.besides B.beside C.except
14.My mother always compares me ________ my classmates, but I don’t like that.
A.to B.with C.as
15.—Why do plants need light, Mr. Chen?
—To make their own food. If you leave a plant near a window, it will grow ________ the light.
A.opposite B.towards C.against
考点三、 冠词
1.(2022·福建·中考真题)— Jenny, why not go for ________ picnic this Saturday?
— Sounds great.
A.a B.an C.the
2.(2021·福建·中考真题)— Yuan Longping was ________ great scientist.
—So he was. He made great contributions to human beings.
A.a B.an C.the
3.(2017·福建·中考真题)(2017· 福建· 21)Jackie is such ________ friendly boy. He gets along well with his classmates.
A.a B.an C.the
4.(2014·福建莆田·中考真题) ---What do you think of A Bite of China on CCTV?
---It's one of _______ best programs that I've ever seen.
A.a B.the C./
5.(2013·福建福州·中考真题)— What's in the box?
—There is apple and some oranges in it.
A.a B.an C.the
冠词是基本考点,经常考查不定冠词a, an和定冠词the的基本用法和固定搭配。解题时,首先看空格后是否有名词,有单数可数名词,搭配后表示泛指时,应考虑不定冠词a/an,此时还应该注意其后的词的第一个音素,如果是元音填an,如果是辅音,则填a;有名词,搭配后表示特指时,应考虑定冠词the;还要看是否是固定搭配。
考点
种类
常见用法
冠词
不定冠词 (a / an)
1. 修饰可数名词单数,表示泛指。以元音音素开头的单词前需要用an,而以辅音音素开头的单词前用a。如:an apple, a banana, an umbrella。
2. 与序数词连用,表示再一,又一”。如:You can try it a second time if you fail.
3. 固定搭配。如:all of a sudden; as a matter of fact; as a result; as a rule; as a whole; at a distance; in a way。
定冠词 (the)
1. 表复指上文提到过的人或物。如:We have a cat and two dogs. The cat is black and the dogs are white.
2. 表特指说话双方都知道的人或物。如: Pass me the dictionary, please.
3. 用于比较级前,特指两个被比较的对象的一个。如:Of the two brothers, the younger is more interesting.
零冠词
1. 记忆口诀:下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词前,专有名词不可数,学科球类三餐饭,复数名词表泛指,两节星期月份前,颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。
2. 固定搭配。如:lose heart, by chance, in time, catch sight of, in place of。
冠词的活用
1.抽象名词或物质名词具体化。如:a surprise 一件意外的事情;a pleasure一个令人快乐的事情。
2. 序数词前的冠词活用。如:Can you give me a second chance, please?
3.表示乐器的名词前的冠词活用。如:play the piano;play erhu。
1. 不定冠词 a /an
· a + 辅音音素开头单词:a book, a university
· an + 元音音素开头单词:an apple, an hour, an honest boy
· 用法:
1. 泛指 “一个”
2. 首次提到某人某物
3. 固定搭配:have a rest, in a hurry
2. 定冠词 the
· 特指:双方都知道的人 / 物
· 上文已提过:I have a book. The book is new.
· 序数词 / 最高级前:the first, the best
· 乐器前:play the piano
· 独一无二:the sun, the moon, the earth
· 姓氏复数前:the Greens 格林一家
3. 零冠词(不用冠词)
· 三餐、球类、棋类:have breakfast, play basketball
· 月份、星期、季节、节日(不含 festival)
· 语言、学科:English, math
· 人名、地名、国名
1.Lisa is ________ honest girl, she is good at playing ________ piano.
A.a; the B.an; the C.an; a
2.—Do you know the boy over there?
—Oh, yes. He is from ________ African country. He is ________ honest boy.
A.an; a B.an; an C.a; an
3.—Mary is ________ honest girl. She never tells a lie.
—Yes, and she’s warm-hearted as well.
A.a B.an C.the
4.Though they had different ideas at first, they finally reached ________ agreement after talking patiently.
A.an B.the C.a
5.Julie is _________ honest child from _________ European country.
A.a, a B.an, an C.an, a
6.—The final exam is coming. How is it going?
—Not bad, thanks. I just treat it as ________ usual exam. I think I can make it.
A.a B.an C.the
7.Jim wants to be ________ honest person in the future.
A.a B.an C.the
8.Have you ever read a story about aliens visiting ________ university on the Earth?
A.an B.a C.the
9.—Do you know about the foreigner?
—Yes. He comes from a European country. And he is __________ honest boy.
A.a B.an C.the
10.Jack is _________ honest boy and he never tells lies to others.
A.a B.an C.the
11.—Is Russia ________ European country?
—Yes, though a large part of it is in ________ Asia.
A.a; a B.a; / C.an; the
12.—What do you think of Bob?
—I think he is ________ honest boy.
A.a B.an C.the
13.Germany, ________ European country, has ________ population of about 83 million.
A.an; a B.an; the C.a; a
14.In the second term the students will take part in a field trip to ________ European city.
A.a B.an C.不填
15.—You don’t like coffee, do you?
—As ________ matter of fact, I do. I just don’t drink it in the afternoon.
A.a B.the C./
考点二 数词
1.(2014·福建莆田·中考真题)According to the new family planning policy in China, a couple can have a_______child if one of them is an only child.
A.two B.second C.twice
2.(2013·福建龙岩·中考真题)Today is my little sister’s ______ birthday. My family will get together to celebrate it.
A.nine B.ninth C.the ninth
3.(2016·福建莆田·中考真题)Susan’s mother looks so young. It’s hard to imagine she’s already in her ______.
A.sixty B.sixties C.sixtieth
4.(2016·福建福州·中考真题)—Where were you born, Michael?
—I was born in a small village with only three ______________ people.
A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundreds of
5.(2015·福建龙岩·中考真题)-Tony, where is your new classroom?
-It's on the _ floor
A.three B.third C.one third.
高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳
1. 序数词的拼写
序数词
缩写
序数词
缩写
first
second
third
fourth
fifth
sixth
seventh
eighth
ninth
tenth
eleventh
twelfth
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
twentieth
twenty-first
thirtieth
thirty-fifth
fortieth
fiftieth
sixtieth
seventieth
eightieth
ninetieth
hundredth
20th
21st
30th
35th
40th
50th
60th
70th
80th
90th
100th
2. 表示计量:
即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度,应采用基数词。
It is 50 metres / kilometers/miles long (wide, deep, high).
它有50米/千米/英里长(宽、深、高)。
3. 表示编号:
编号的数字如果过小,可用序数词或基数词表示;如果数字较大,通常用基数词表示。
1. The tenth lesson=Lesson Ten 第10课
2. Room 405 第405号房
3. Page 215 第215页
4. No.14 Middle School 第14中学
5. Telephone NO.5855806 电话: 5855806
4. 表示不确切的数字:
基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字,而基数词复数形式加上“of” 表示不确切的数字。
1. five hundred students 500名学生
2. two thousand people 2000人
3. five dozen pencils 5打铅笔
4. hundreds of students 几百名学生
5. millions of workers 成千上万的工人
6. scores of chairs 几十张椅子
5. 表示年龄和岁数
1. He is a boy of 10 yeas old.
= He is 10 yeas old.
= He is 10 (years of age).
= He is a ten-year-old boy.
2. At the age of ten, he began to learn English.
3. My father is in his fifties. 我爸爸50多岁。
6. 表示年代:
表示什么世纪,什么年代时,通常在数词后加s或’s,并在年代前加定冠词the ,
1.1980’s/ 1980s(20世纪80年代),
读作:nineteen eighties.
2. His grandfather died in the 1970’s/1970s。
7. 表示分数:
分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子是one时,分母不必加s; 分子大于one时,分母要加s.
1. a(=one) third 三分之一 one fifth 五分之一
2. two thirds 三分之二 three fourths 四分之三
3. Two thirds of the trees were cut down ten years ago.
8. 表示百分数:
百分数的表达方式是:基数词+ percent(单数形式)+of+名词。
1. Thirty percent of the students in my class are from cities.
2. About 61 percent of the surface is covered by water.
1. 基数词:表示数量
· one, two, three… twenty, thirty…
· 百位和十位之间加 and:three hundred and sixty-five
2. 序数词:表示顺序
· 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 9th, 12th, 20th
· 口诀:
一二三特殊记,八去 t,九去 e,
ve 要用 f 替,ty 变 tie,后面加上 th。
3. 常考考点
· 模糊数字:hundreds of, thousands of(加 s,加 of)
· 具体数字:two hundred(不加 s,不加 of)
· 年龄:in one’s + 整十复数
in his thirties 在他三十多岁时
· 日期:月份 + 序数词
on May 1st
1.—Was the light bulb invented ________?
—Yes. It was invented in 1879.
A.in the 18th century B.in the 1870s C.in the 1870
2.It is reported that the floods have made ________ people homeless.
A.million of B.three millions C.millions of
3.________ of the students in our class ________ playing table tennis.
A.Two thirds; likes B.Two third; likes C.Two thirds; like
4.In our class ________ of the students ________ girls.
A.three fourths, is B.third fourth, are C.three fourths, are
5.—Have you finished the science fiction novel The Three-body Problem yet?
—Not yet. I have just read ________ of it.
A.first four B.first fourth C.one fourth
6.We read 50,392 like this ________.
A.five thousand three hundreds and ninety two
B.fifty thousand three hundred and ninety-two
C.fifty thousand and three hundred and ninety-two
7.About ________ of the workers in the factory ________ born in the 1960s.
A.two thirds, were B.three second, are C.two third, were
8.Every year birds come here to spend winter.
A.two millions of B.million of C.millions of
9.—Can you write the number eighty-five thousand, six hundred and twenty-six?
—Yes, it is ________.
A.85,626 B.58,626 C.58,662
10.The country has spent 10 ________ dollars on a program to build a subway around the city.
A.billion B.billions C.billions of
11.In our class, ________ of the students ________ girls.
A.third fifths, is B.three fifths, are C.three fifth, is
12.Xi’an is a city with many places of interest and ________ tourists come here every year.
A.thousands of B.thousand C.thousands
13.There are over ________ students in our school. And ________ of them are boys.
A.four hundred; three fifth B.four hundreds; three fifths C.four hundred; three fifths
14.In my class, ________ of the students go to school by subway. The others either take a bus or ride a bike.
A.second five B.two fifth C.two fifths
15.The Beatles became popular in ________. Their music influenced a whole generation.
A.the 1960 B.1960s C.the 1960s
1.(2025·福建厦门·二模)To keep warm, the little match girl held ________ as tight (紧地) as possible against the cold wind in winter.
A.she B.hers C.herself
2.(2025·福建福州·三模)—Come on! _________ of them could help to solve the trouble, so we had to turn to a third person for help.
—You have a point!
A.None B.Neither C.Either
3.(2025·福建泉州·三模)—My group had different ideas in the discussion.
—That’s normal. In fact, ________ thinks exactly the same.
A.everybody B.nobody C.somebody
4.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)—Betty looks sad. Shall we do ________ to cheer her up?
—Good idea. Let’s tell her some jokes first.
A.nothing B.something C.anything
5.(2025·福建南平·二模)—I really like your model plane! Where did you get it?
—Thanks! I actually made it ________.
A.me B.myself C.my
6.(2025·福建福州·三模)Betty can cook meals on ________ own while she is alone at home.
A.my B.your C.her
7.(2025·福建泉州·二模)—Who is the man in the classroom?
—He is ______ teacher. He teaches us physics.
A.us B.our C.ours
8.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)—Who left the keys on the table?
—It must be ________. She was looking for them earlier.
A.she B.her C.hers
9.(2025·福建厦门·二模)If something is wrong, fix it. Do not worry. Worry never fixes ________.
A.something B.anything C.everything
10.(2025·福建三明·三模)When Self-driving car drops you off, it drives ________ back home, so you don’t have to worry about parking.
A.itself B.yourself C.ourselves
11.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)The Shenzhou-19 manned spaceship successfully landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site at 13:08 ________ April 30, 2025.
A.on B.in C.at
12.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)—Ms. Wang, when is World Reading Day?
—It is ________ April 23 every year.
A.at B.on C.in
13.(2025·福建厦门·二模)Wang Chuqin and Sun Yingsha defeated Japan 3—1 to win their third mixed doubles title (混双冠军) ________ May 24, 2025.
A.in B.on C.at
14.(2025·福建福州·三模)—Dad, how do you like this rap song? It’s my favourite.
—I prefer classical music. Rap music is really ________ my understanding.
A.over B.past C.beyond
15.(2025·福建厦门·二模)Lixia, or the Start of Summer, is a time when the temperature increases quickly ________ heavier rainfall.
A.against B.with C.except
16.(2025·福建福州·三模)Chinese people get together for a big dinner ________ New Year’s Eve.
A.in B.on C.at
17.(2025·福建福州·三模)In order to improve our writing skills, our teacher asked each of us to keep a dairy ________ English every day.
A.with B.in C.by
18.(2025·福建莆田·模拟预测)China celebrated the 25th anniversary of Macao’s return ________ December 20th, 2024.
A.in B.on C.at
19.(2025·福建泉州·二模)In winter, my grandma likes sleeping ______ the window closed, because it is cold outside.
A.by B.with C.for
20.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)Miss Lee is a kind teacher. She always encourages us ________ warm words.
A.for B.with C.about
21.(2025·福建南平·一模)Wang Junfeng is ________ honest boy, we should learn from him.
A.a B.an C.the
22.(2025·福建漳州·模拟预测)—Do you like _________ film Ne Zha 2?
—Yes. It gives me something meaningful to think about.
A.a B.an C.the
23.(24-25九年级下·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·期中)—________ movie Ne Zha 2 was one of the blockbusting movies this Chinese New Year.
—Yes. I would like to see it a second time.
A.The B.A C.\
24.(2025·福建福州·三模)Mum, it’s time to have ________ lunch. I am too hungry now.
A.a B./ C.the
25.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)There is ________ eraser on the floor. Whose is it?
A.a B.an C.the
26.(2025·福建福州·模拟预测)—Have you ever visited ________ Three Lanes and Seven Alleys in Fuzhou?
—Yes! It’s ________ amazing place to learn about local history.
A.the; an B.a; the C./; an
27.(24-25九年级下·福建福州·期中)DeepSeek, ________ AI language model, has become ________ popular tool for people to get-information and solve problems.
A.an; a B.the; a C.an; the
28.(2025·福建福州·模拟预测)Unexpectedly, ________ earthquake broke out in Turkey on February 6, 2023. After 48 hours of rescue, ________ one-year-old baby was successfully saved by the workers.
A.an, a B.an, an C.a, a
29.(2025·福建福州·二模)—Who is ________ girl in red over there? I’ve never seen her before.
—She’s our new classmate, Jenny.
A.a B./ C.the
30.(2025·福建三明·一模)Wang Jie has an uncle and he is ________ AI engineer.
A.a B.an C.the
31.(2025·福建厦门·二模)I’ve never been to Beijing. This will be my ________ visit to the Great Wall.
A.second B.third C.first
32.(2025·福建漳州·模拟预测)The _________ letter in the word “century” is “n”.
A.second B.third C.fifth
33.(2025·福建莆田·模拟预测)—There are ______ trees around the Taklamakan (塔克拉玛干) Desert nowadays.
—Yes, they look like a “scarf”.
A.2 billion B.billion of C.billions of
34.(2025·福建宁德·二模)Look at the triangle on the right. If AC is 3 and BC is 4, we know AB is ________.
A.five B.seven C.nine
35.(2024·广西钦州·三模)I’ve never been to Qinzhou. This will be my ________ visit to the Sanniang Bay.
A.first B.second C.third
36.(2025·福建福州·一模)—Look at the triangle on the right, if AC=3, BC=4, how long is AB?
—It’s ________.
A.five B.nine C.twelve
37.(24-25九年级上·福建泉州·期末)—There are 45 students in our class, and ________ of us are boys.
—Wow! You have 27 boys!
A.two fifths B.three fifths C.four fifths
38.(25-26九年级上·福建泉州·期中)In our class, about ________ of the students like to help each other with their studies.
A.two third B.two thirds C.two three
39.(25-26九年级上·福建南平·期中)The city has spent 10 ________ dollars on a program to build a bridge over the river.
A.millions B.million C.millions of
40.(24-25九年级下·福建福州·期中)Amy is very thirsty. She has drunk four bottles of juice, and she still wants ________ one.
A.five B.a fifth C.fifth
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专题04 代词、介词、数词和冠词(复习讲义)
目 录
01 析·考情目标
02 筑·专题框架
03 攻·重难考点
真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨
考点一 代词
考点二 介词
考点三 冠词
考点四 数词
4 测·预测闯关
命题透视
1.考查语法在具体语境中的运用,主要对词法,句法的灵活运用及固定搭配等多方面语法词汇知识。
2.代词核心考查人称代词(主格/宾格)、物主代词(形容词性/名词性)、反身代词(固定搭配)、不定代词(some/any、few/little、many/much、something/anything、everyone/anyone等),其中“不定代词辨析”和“物主代词用法”是高频重点;冠词注意区分不定冠词a,an以及定冠词the的运用;介词常考的是by,with,without,in,for,near,on,outside等的用法以及介词短语。
3.数词考查重点围绕“基数词”(表示数量、年龄、日期)、“序数词”(表示顺序、日期)、“数词的固定搭配”(如hundred/thousand/million的用法、分数表达、年龄表达),其中“序数词用法”和“hundred/thousand的用法”是命题重点。
热考角度
核心考点聚焦
(一)代词
1. 人称 / 物主代词:主格 / 宾格、形容词性 / 名词性物主代词辨析(如 my/mine、your/yours),完形填空高频考查上下文指代。
2. 不定代词:both/either/neither(两者)、all/none/any(三者及以上)、it/one/that(替代区别)、some/any(肯定 / 否定 / 疑问语境)。
3. 反身代词:固定搭配(enjoy oneself、teach oneself、help oneself to)及强调用法。
4. 形式主语 / 宾语:it 作形式主语(It’s + adj. + to do)、形式宾语(find it + adj. + to do)。
(二)冠词
5. 不定冠词 a/an:元音音素开头用 an(如 an hour、an honest boy),辅音音素开头用 a,表泛指 “一个”。
6. 定冠词 the:特指、序数词 / 最高级前、独一无二事物、乐器 / 姓氏复数、固定搭配(in the morning)。
7. 零冠词:三餐、球类、学科、复数名词表泛指、固定短语(by bus、at home)。
(三)介词
8. 时间介词:in(年 / 月 / 季节)、on(具体日期 / 星期 / 早中晚)、at(时刻 / 年龄)、for(持续时间)、since(起点)。
9. 方位介词:in/on/at(地点)、in front of/behind、between/among、through/across。
10. 固定搭配:介词 + 名词(in trouble、on duty)、动词 + 介词(look for、listen to)、形容词 + 介词(be good at、be interested in)。
11. 特殊用法:by + 交通工具、with + 工具 / 伴随、without 表否定。
(四)数词
12. 基数词:基本拼写、hundred/thousand/million(前有具体数字用单数,无数字加 s+of)、年龄 / 时间 / 价格表达。
13. 序数词:基本变形(first/second/third)、the + 序数词表顺序、分数表达(分子基数,分母序数,分子 > 1 分母加 s)。
14. 概数词:some/several/many/much、a few/few、a little/little(修饰可数 / 不可数)。
命题预测
1.语境化与综合化:越来越注重在具体语境中考查语法及词汇运用,很少孤立地考单词的基本含义。一道题中可能综合考查多个考点。
2.生活化与高频化:选材多与日常生活、社会热点等相关,让学生在熟悉的情境中运用语法及词汇知识。
考点一、 代词
1.(2025·福建·中考真题)My parents love our hometown so much that ________ of them have gone back to help build a new countryside.
A.all B.both C.either
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我的父母非常热爱我们的家乡,因此他们俩都回去帮忙建设新的乡村了。
考查代词辨析。all三者及以上都;both两者都;either两者之一。根据“My parents love our hometown so much that ... of them have gone back to help build a new countryside.”可知,此处指父母二人,故选B。
2.(2025·福建·中考真题)—I am going to meet Miss Chen in two days.
—Please send my best wishes to ________.
A.her B.she C.herself
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我将在两天后去见陈小姐。——请代我向她致以最美好的祝福。
考查代词辨析。her她,宾格/她的,物主代词;she她,主格;herself她自己,反身代词。根据“Please send my best wishes to”可知,请代我向她致以最美好的祝福,此处在介词后作宾语,用宾格,故选A。
3.(2024·福建·中考真题)Using AI tools in the right way can help ________ to work better.
A.we B.us C.our
【答案】B
【详解】句意:用正确的方式使用AI工具可以帮助我们更好工作。
考查代词辨析。we我们,主格;us我们,宾格;our我们,形容词性物主代词。help为动词,后接宾格。故选B。
4.(2023·福建·中考真题)—Harry, is this your basketball?
—Yes, it’s ________.
A.his B.yours C.mine
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——Harry,这是你的篮球吗?——是的,是我的。
考查代词辨析。his他的; yours你的;mine我的。根据“Yes, it’s...”可知此处指是自己的篮球,用mine指代“my basketball”。故选C。
5.(2022·福建·中考真题)As the art festival is coming, they are preparing everything by ________.
A.yourselves B.ourselves C.themselves
【答案】C
【详解】句意:随着艺术节的到来,他们正在自己准备一切。
考查反身代词。yourselves你们自己;ourselves我们自己;themselves他们自己。根据“they”可知主语是第三人称,反身代词应用themselves。故选C。
代词是常见语法考点。可能考查①宾格形式:在句中作宾语或表语。②形容词性物主代词:在名词前作定语。③名词性物主代词:作主语、宾语或表语。④反身代词、不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词等。
考点
种类
常见用法
代词
人称代词
主格:I, we, you, he, she, they, it
宾格:me, us, you, him, her, them, it
物主代词
形容性物主代词:my, our, your, his, her, their, its,近年对its考查较多,值得重点关注。
名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs, its
反身代词
形式:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, herself, himself, themselves, itself, oneself
用法:动词宾语、介词宾语、表语、同位语
动词短语:behave oneself, dress oneself, enjoy oneself, express oneself;介词短语:by oneself, for oneself, in oneself, to oneself,这些固定搭配应该重点记忆。
不定代词
all, both, either, none, neither, each, any,这里要注意并列连词的使用,它也是解题的关键。
some-, any-, no-等+thing, +body的合成代词
many, much, (a) few, (a) little,这里注意所修饰的名词的单复数。
the other, another, the others, others
it用法
1. 做形式主语:It is necessary to repeat the whole thing.
2. 做形式宾语:She made it clear (that) we were not welcome.
3. 做宾补:I have made it clear that everybody is not allowed to smoke here.
4. 用于强调句:It’s Spain that he went to, not Portugal. 强调句型中的it也是考查重点之一。
5. 模糊指代:表示一般情况。指代气候、天气、温度、时间、地点、距离等。
1. 人称代词
· 主格(作主语):I, you, he, she, it, we, they
例:She is a student.
· 宾格(作宾语:动前 / 介后):me, you, him, her, it, us, them
例:Please help me.
2. 物主代词
· 形容词性(后 + 名词):my, your, his, her, its, our, their
例:This is my book.
· 名词性(单独用,后无名词)= 形物代 + 名词
mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
例:This book is mine.
3. 反身代词
myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
· 常考搭配:
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
help oneself to 随便吃
by oneself 独自
teach oneself 自学
例:He taught himself English.
4. 不定代词
· some / any:
some 用于肯定句;any 用于否定 / 疑问句
表请求、建议、希望得到肯定回答用 some:
Would you like some tea?
· many / much:
many + 可数复数;much + 不可数
· few / a few / little / a little:
+ 可数:few(几乎没有,否定);a few(有几个,肯定)
+ 不可数:little(几乎没有,否定);a little(有一点,肯定)
· both / all / either / neither:
both 两者都;all 三者或以上都
either 两者任一;neither 两者都不
1.You’d better read today’s newspaper. There is ________ in it.
A.something interesting B.anything new C.nothing special
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你最好看看今天的报纸。里面有一些有趣的内容。
考查不定代词辨析。something interesting一些有趣的事情,常用于肯定句;anything new任何新鲜事,常用于否定句或疑问句;nothing special没什么特别的事情,表示否定。根据句意,前句建议对方读报纸,应在暗示对方报纸有吸引人的内容,即有值得关注的内容,为肯定意义,应用表示肯定意义的复合不定代词短语与之搭配,“something interesting”意为“一些有趣的事情”。故选A。
2.I didn’t have anything to say, so I said ________.
A.nothing B.anything C.something
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我没什么要说的,所以我什么也没说。
考查代词辨析。nothing没什么;anything任何事物;something某事。根据“I didn’t have anything to say”可知,此处表示什么也没说,故选A。
3.— ________ of us knows what we should do then.
—In that case, let’s ask a third person for help.
A.Both B.Either C.Neither
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我们两个都不知道接下来该做什么。——既然这样,我们找第三个人帮忙吧。
考查代词辨析。both指两者都;either指两者中的任意一个;neither指两者都不。根据答句“let’s ask a third person for help”可知,对话双方是两个人且都不知道该做什么,both表示“两者都”与语境矛盾,either表示“两者中任意一个”也不符合“都不知道”的逻辑,故选C。
4.—________ of us knows what we should do then.
—In that case, let’s ask a third person for help.
A.All B.Both C.Neither
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我们两个人当时都不知道该做什么。——既然这样,我们找第三个人帮忙吧。
考查代词辨析。All全部;Both两者都;Neither两者都不。根据“let’s ask a third person for help”可知,此处指两人都没有主意,Neither符合语境。故选C。
5.—Did your school hold a clean-up activity in the park yesterday?
—Yes, it was really a hard task. But ______of us said no to it.
A.no one B.nobody C.none
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你们学校昨天在公园举办清洁活动了吗?——是的,那真是项艰巨的任务。但我们没有人拒绝它。
考查不定代词辨析。no one没有人,不与of连用;nobody没有人,不与of连用;none没有人/物,可与of连用。根据“...of us said no to it”可知,此处有介词of,应用none。故选C。
6.—Will your mother help you pack your bags?
—No. I usually do it ________.
A.ourselves B.herself C.myself
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你妈妈会帮你收拾行李吗?——不。我通常自己收拾。
考查反身代词辨析。ourselves我们自己;herself她自己;myself我自己。根据“No.”可知妈妈不帮忙,是“我”自己收拾行李,主语是“I”,对应的反身代词是myself。故选C。
7.—Would you like juice or tea, sir?
—________, thanks. A glass of water will do.
A.Both B.Neither C.None
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——先生,你想要果汁还是茶?——都不要,谢谢。一杯水就行。
考查代词辨析。Both两者都;Neither两者都不;None没有一个(通常指三者或以上)。根据回答“A glass of water will do.”可知,果汁和茶都不要,Neither符合,故选B。
8.—Jane, I knocked at the door but ________ answered.
—Sorry, I went to the library.
A.anybody B.somebody C.nobody
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——简,我敲了门,但是没人回答。——对不起,我去图书馆了。
考查复合不定代词辨析。anybody任何人;somebody某人;nobody没有人。根据上下文“I knocked at the door but...”和答语“I went to the library”可知,去了图书馆,敲门时无人在家,无人应答,应用“nobody”。故选C。
9.—Do you know the five people in the room?
—Sorry, I know ________of them.
A.all B.no one C.none
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你认识房间里的那五个人吗?——对不起,我一个都不认识。
考查代词辨析。all所有;no one没有人;none没有一个。根据“the five people”及“Sorry,”可知,根据“the five people”可知是五个人,且答语中“of them”表示范围,需用none表示全部否定。故选C。
10.—I’ll never be able to finish this project on time.
—Come on, ________ is possible. We’ll find a way together.
A.something B.anything C.nothing
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我永远无法按时完成这个项目。——加油,一切皆有可能。我们会一起找到办法的。
考查不定代词辨析。something某事;anything任何事;nothing没有事。根据“Come on”和“We’ll find a way together.”可知,此处是在鼓励,表示“任何事情都是可能的”,应用anything。故选B。
11.—What’s the population of the world?
—________ about 7.2 billion.
A.They’re B.It’s C.It has been
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——世界人口是多少?——大约72亿。
考查代词辨析。They’re它们是;It’s它是;它一直是。根据“What’s the population of the world?”可知,此处回答世界人口是多少,用it指代“the population”,be动词用is。故选B。
12.People find ________ faster to travel between Xiamen and Fuzhou now.
A.one B.this C.it
【答案】C
【详解】句意:人们发现现如今在厦门和福州之间旅行更快捷了。
考查it作形式宾语。find it + adj. + to do sth.固定结构,意思是“发现做某事是……的”,所以空处用it,作形式宾语。故选C。
13.—I’m really worried that I will fail the final exams.
—________ the result is, don’t be hard on yourself. You have tried your best.
A.However B.Whatever C.Whoever
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我真的很担心期末考试会不及格。——无论结果是什么,别对自己太苛刻。你已经尽力了。
考查连接词辨析。However然而、无论如何;Whatever无论什么;Whoever无论谁;根据“I’m really worried that I will fail the final exams...the result is, don’t be hard on yourself. You have tried your best.”可知,“Whatever”可修饰名词,构成“Whatever+名词”结构,表示“无论……是什么”,此处直接修饰名词“the result”,表示“无论结果是什么”,符合语境。故选B。
14.I feel surprised that the population in India is larger than ________ in China.
A.those B.that C.it
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我感到很惊讶,印度的人口比中国的人口多。
考查代词辨析。those那些,常用来指代复数名词;that那个,常用来指代前面提到的单数名词或不可数名词,以避免重复;it它,指代前面提到的同一个事物。本题中比较的是“population”,是不可数名词,所以要用that来指代前面提到的“the population”,即中国的人口。故选B。
15.—Which of the two T-shirts will you take?
—I’ll take ________. One is for my brother and the other is for myself.
A.neither B.both C.all
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这两件T恤衫你要哪一件?——两件我都要。一个给我弟弟,另一个给我自己。
考查代词辨析。neither两者都不;both两者都;all三者及以上都。根据“One is for my brother and the other is for myself.”可知,两件都要,用both。故选B。
考点二、 介词
1.(2025·福建·中考真题)—Do you like sports?
—Sure. I am good ________ table tennis.
A.of B.at C.to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你喜欢运动吗?——当然。我乒乓球打得不错。
考查介词辨析和形容词短语。of关于;at在;to到。根据“I am good ... table tennis.”可知,擅长打乒乓球,此处是be good at“擅长”。故选B。
2.(2024·福建·中考真题)A special festival was held ________ September 23rd last year to honor the hard work of Chinese farmers.
A.in B.for C.on
【答案】C
【详解】句意:去年9月23日举行了一个特别的节日,以纪念中国农民的辛勤劳动。
考查介词辨析。in其后加早中晚等;for其后加一段时间;on其后加星期或具体的某天。“September 23rd”是具体的某天,用介词on,故选C。
3.(2023·福建·中考真题)The toy is ________ my little brother. I bought it yesterday.
A.for B.from C.by
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这个玩具是给我弟弟的。我昨天买的。
考查介词辨析。for为了;from从;by被。根据“The toy is...my little brother. I bought it yesterday.”可知,玩具是给我弟弟的,故选A。
4.(2022·福建·中考真题)________ May 2022, we held many events to celebrate the 100th birthday of the Communist Youth League of China.
A.At B.In C.On
【答案】B
【详解】句意:2022年5月,我们举办了多场庆祝中国共青团成立100周年的活动。
考查介词辨析。at后加具体的时刻;in后加某年某月某季节;on后加具体到某一天或具体某一天的早晨、下午和晚上。空后“May”是具体的月份,用介词“in”。故选B。
5.(2020·福建·中考真题)The Chinese survey team remeasured(重新测量)Qomolangma successfully ________ May 27, 2020.
A.in B.on C.at
【答案】B
【详解】句意:2020年5月27日,中国考察队成功地对珠穆朗玛峰进行了重新测量。
考查介词辨析。in泛指在上午、下午或晚上;在年代、月份、季节前;on在具体某一天;at后跟时间点。空后May 27, 2020是具体的一天,应用on。故选B。
介词是常见语法考点。学生应该熟练掌握常见介词的基本用法;介词与动词、名词、形容词等的固定搭配。如果名词或者代词在句子中不作主语、表语或者动词的宾语时,其前面一般是填介词。高考通常考查介词与动词、形容词或者名词的搭配。做题时应该先根据上下文和句意推断出设空处的具体意思,然后根据熟记的短语来确定要填的词。在学习的过程中应注意对短语的归纳、积累、比较和记忆。
考点
种类
常见用法
介词
时间介词
基本介词
in (表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等), on (表示某一天或星期几,指明具体的时间), at (表示特定的时间、节日、年龄), by (…的时候、到、等到…已经等,用在天、时间的前面)
难点
1. in 与after的用法区别:A.介词in+一段时间用于一般将来时。B.介词after+一段时间用于一般过去时。C.介词after +时间点常用于一般将来时。
2. for 与since的用法区别:A.介词for表示一段时间。B.介词since表示从过去某一时间以来。
3. during与for的用法区别:A.当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during。B.如果一段时间不明确则用介词for。
4. before与by的用法区别:A.介词before表示“在…之前”。B.介词by表示“到…时为止,不迟于…”。
地点介词
基本介词
in, at, on, to
难点
1.at 与in 的用法区别:at表示较小的地方,如家、村、乡村等。in表示较大的地方,如大城市、国家、洲等。
2. at与on的用法区别:at用于门牌号。on用于路名。
3.in, on, to的用法区别:in表示“包含”,如:Beijing is in the north of China. on表示“紧邻”,如:Canada lies on the north of the U.S. to表示“没接触”,如:France lies to the south of England.
方式介词
基本介词
with, in, by
难点
in, with, by的用法区别:in表示“用材料、语言”。如: Can you say it in English? with表示“用工具、某物”如: with a pen。 by表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”。如:He prefers traveling by car.
方位介词
基本介词
at, in, on, to, beneath, over, under, above, below, in front of / in the front of / behind, between / among, over/across/through
难点
1.in, on, at 的用法区别:in表示“排、行、组”。on表示“左、右”。at表示“前、后”。
2. on, over, above的用法区别:on表示一物放在另一物上面两者紧贴在一起。over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系,即“在…上方”。介词above表示一般的“高于….”,“在…之上”。
3. under与below的用法区别:under是over的反义词即“在…下方”。below是above的反义词即“低于…” , “在…之下”。
4. across, through, over, past的用法区别:across着重于“从—头或—边到另—头或另—边”,强调从表面穿过。through着重于“穿越” ,强调从一定的空间内穿过。over多表示从“上方越过”。past表示从“面前经过” 。
不用介词的情况
1.当表示时间的词前有this, that时,其前面不用介词,如:this morning
2.当表示时间的词前有next时,其前面不用介词,如: next Sunday
3.当表示时间的词前有last时,其前面不用介词,如:last Sunday
4.当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, some或all时,其前面不用介词,如:You can come any day.
1. 时间介词
· in + 年 / 月 / 季节 / 早中晚:in 2025, in May, in the morning
· on + 具体某天 / 某天早中晚:on Monday, on Sunday morning
· at + 时刻 / 点:at 6:00, at noon, at night
· since + 时间点;for + 时间段(现完标志)
2. 方位介词
· in 在里面;on 在上面(接触);under 在正下方
· between 在两者之间;among 在三者或以上之间
· in front of 在外部前面;in the front of 在内部前面
3. 常考动词 + 介词
· arrive in + 大地点;arrive at + 小地点
· hear of 听说;hear from 收到来信
· turn on 打开;turn off 关闭;turn up 调大;turn down 调小
· put on 穿上;put up 张贴;put off 推迟
4. 常考介词短语
· in public 当众;in trouble 处于困境;in surprise 惊讶地
· on duty 值日;on foot 步行;on time 准时
· at last 最后;at least 至少
· for example 例如
1.I improve my English ________ listening to something interesting every day.
A.by B.to C.at
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我通过每天听一些有趣的东西来提高我的英语。
考查介词辨析。by通过,表示方式;to向,表示方向或目的;at在,表示位置或时间。根据“I improve my English...listening to something interesting every day.”可知,提高英语的方式是通过听有趣的东西,需用by表示方法或手段。故选A。
2.I don’t think parents should be too strict ________ teenagers.
A.at B.for C.with
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我认为父母不应该对青少年太严格。
考查介词辨析。at在;for为了;with和……一起。此处指父母对青少年的态度,be strict with“对……严格”,是固定搭配,故选C。
3.—Dad, I didn’t pass the math exam.
—I know. So I advise that you should work harder________ it from now on.
A.to B.in C.at
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——爸爸,我没通过数学考试。——我知道。所以我建议你从现在起在数学上要更努力。
考查介词辨析。to到;in在……里;at在……方面。根据固定搭配,“work harder at something”表示在某个具体方面或事物上更努力,此处“it”指代数学考试,强调在考试方面付出更多努力。故选C。
4.We often compare our teachers ________ candles.
A.for B.with C.to
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们经常把我们的老师比作蜡烛。
考查介词辨析。for为了;with和……一起;to到……。根据“compare our teachers...candles”可知,此处是固定搭配compare...to...,表示“把……比作……”,这里指把老师比作蜡烛。故选C。
5.In his poem, he compared his country ________ a big family.
A.with B.to C.of
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在他的诗中,他把他的国家比作一个大家庭。
考查介词辨析。with和……一起;to到;of……的。compare...with...意为“把……与……相比”,侧重于比较两者的异同;compare...to...意为“把……比作……”,侧重于比喻。根据“he compared his country...a big family.”可知,诗人是用一种修辞手法,将国家比喻成大家庭,应用固定搭配compare...to...。故选B。
6.Sometimes I feel stressed because what my parents want me to do has gone________ my ability.
A.against B.through C.beyond
【答案】C
【详解】句意:有时我感到有压力,因为我父母想要我做的超出了我的能力范围。
考查介词辨析。against反对;through穿过;beyond超出。根据“I feel stressed”可知,此处是在表达父母期望我做的事情超出了我的能力导致我有压力,所以应该用beyond,表示“超出”。故选C。
7.My uncle has many hobbies, ________ swimming and collecting watches.
A.including B.among C.throughout
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我叔叔有许多爱好,包括游泳和收集手表。
考查介词辨析。including “包括”;among“在……之中”;throughout “遍及”。根据句意,空格后“游泳和收集手表”是具体列举的爱好,需用“including”表示“包含”或“举例说明”,符合语境。故选A。
8.—I heard Chinese was chosen __________ one of the working languages at the new international conference.
—That’s right! It’s a big step for Chinese to go global.
A.to B.as C.at
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我听说汉语被选为新的国际会议的工作语言之一。——没错!这是汉语走向世界的一大步。
考查介词辨析。to到……;as作为;at在……。根据“Chinese was chosen ... one of the working languages”可知,此处表示汉语被选为新的国际会议的工作语言之一,应该用介词as,表示“作为”。故选B。
9.Tibet opened its first flight to Hong Kong ________ February 19th, 2025.
A.at B.in C.on
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在2025年2月19日,西藏开通了首个飞往香港的航班。
考查时间介词辨析。at在,后接具体时间点;in在,后接月份、年份等;on在,后接具体日期。“February 19th, 2025”是一个具体日期,需用介词on。故选C。
10.Zhao Min is the winner of the photo competition. Her photo shows a person rushing ________ a street ________ a windy evening.
A.through; on B.across; on C.across; in
【答案】B
【详解】句意:赵敏是摄影比赛的获胜者。她的照片展示了一个人在一个有风的晚上冲过街道。
考查介词辨析。through通过(从内部);on某一天或某一天的早中晚;across穿过(从表面);in在某年某月某季节。第一个空表示“穿过街道”,强调从表面一侧到另一侧,应使用“across”;第二个空表示“在一个有风的晚上”,应使用“on”。故选B。
11.The coach (教练) is strict ________ the team members. They run 5 kilometers every morning.
A.with B.on C.at
【答案】A
【详解】句意:教练对队员很严格。他们每天早上跑5公里。
考查介词辨析。with和……一起;on在……上;at在……处。固定搭配“be strict with”表示“对某人严格”,符合语境。故选A。
12.English is spoken ________a second language________ Indians.
A.as; in B.like; in C.as; by
【答案】C
【详解】句意:英语被印度人当作第二语言来说。
考查介词辨析。as作为;like像;in在……里;by被。第一个空,根据“English is spoken...a second language”可知,此处表示英语被当作第二语言来说,“be spoken as”表示“被当作……来说”,这里用介词“as”;第二个空,根据“...Indians”可知,此处表示动作的执行者,即英语是被印度人说,用介词“by”。故选C。
13.—Did Mary win the science competition?
—Yes. Nobody knew the answer to the last question ________ her.
A.besides B.beside C.except
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——玛丽在科学竞赛中获胜了吗?——是的。除了她,没人知道最后一个问题的答案。
考查介词辨析。besides除了……之外(包括);beside 在……旁边;except除了……之外(排除)。根据问句“Did Mary win the science competition?”和前面的答语“Yes.”以及选项可知,应使用介词except,表示除了她,没人知道最后一个问题的答案。故选C。
14.My mother always compares me ________ my classmates, but I don’t like that.
A.to B.with C.as
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我妈妈总是拿我和我的同学作比较,但我不喜欢那样。
考查介词辨析。compare...to...意为“把……比作……”;compare...with...意为“把……和……作比较”;compare一般不与as搭配。根据语境可知,此处表达的是妈妈把“我”和“我”的同学作比较,所以应该用compare...with...,即介词用with故选B。
15.—Why do plants need light, Mr. Chen?
—To make their own food. If you leave a plant near a window, it will grow ________ the light.
A.opposite B.towards C.against
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——陈老师,为什么植物需要光?——为了制造它们自己的食物。如果你把植物放在窗户附近,它会朝着光生长。
考查介词辨析。opposite在……对面;towards朝着;against反对,倚靠。根据语境可知,此处是在描述植物会朝着光生长,所以应该用介词towards表示“朝着”。故选B。
考点三、 冠词
1.(2022·福建·中考真题)— Jenny, why not go for ________ picnic this Saturday?
— Sounds great.
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——珍妮,这个星期六为什么不去野餐呢?——听起来不错。
考查冠词用法。固定短语go fo a picnic“去野餐”,此处应用不定冠词a,故选A。
2.(2021·福建·中考真题)— Yuan Longping was ________ great scientist.
—So he was. He made great contributions to human beings.
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——袁隆平是一个伟大的科学家。——他确实是。他对人类有很大的贡献。
考查冠词辨析。此处表示“一位伟大的科学家”,表泛指,且great是以辅音音素开头的单词,故选A。
3.(2017·福建·中考真题)(2017· 福建· 21)Jackie is such ________ friendly boy. He gets along well with his classmates.
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】A
【详解】句意:杰克是如此友好的男孩,他和他的同学相处的很好。不定冠词a/an表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个,经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时,用不定冠词起介绍作用,表示一个。a用于辅音音素前an用于元音音素前。 such+a/an+adj+名词单数,表示如此……的……,又因为friendly是辅音音素开头,故选A。
4.(2014·福建莆田·中考真题) ---What do you think of A Bite of China on CCTV?
---It's one of _______ best programs that I've ever seen.
A.a B.the C./
【答案】B
【详解】试题分析:句意:--你认为中央电视台的《舌尖上的中国》这个节目怎样?—它是我曾经看过的最好的节目之一。因为空格后有形容词的最高级,所以前面用定冠词。故选B。
考点:考查冠词。
5.(2013·福建福州·中考真题)— What's in the box?
—There is apple and some oranges in it.
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:箱子里面是什么?——它里面有一个苹果和一些橘子。结合语境可知此处泛指任何一个苹果,故用不定冠词。Apple词首音素是元音,故不定冠词用an。选B。
点评:冠词是一种虚词,一般用于名词前面表示特指或者泛指某一个。冠词的应用都用一定规则,熟记这些规则是解题的关键。不定冠词用在名词前,表示泛指任何一个。定冠词用在名词前表示特指某一个。在专有名词及表示泛指的复数名词前一般不要冠词,叫做零冠词。需注意的是不定冠词的用法是看词首音素,不是看首字母,如:useful首字母是元音,但是词首音素时辅音,故不定冠词用a;hour首字母是辅音,但是词首音素是元音,故用冠词an。
冠词是基本考点,经常考查不定冠词a, an和定冠词the的基本用法和固定搭配。解题时,首先看空格后是否有名词,有单数可数名词,搭配后表示泛指时,应考虑不定冠词a/an,此时还应该注意其后的词的第一个音素,如果是元音填an,如果是辅音,则填a;有名词,搭配后表示特指时,应考虑定冠词the;还要看是否是固定搭配。
考点
种类
常见用法
冠词
不定冠词 (a / an)
1. 修饰可数名词单数,表示泛指。以元音音素开头的单词前需要用an,而以辅音音素开头的单词前用a。如:an apple, a banana, an umbrella。
2. 与序数词连用,表示再一,又一”。如:You can try it a second time if you fail.
3. 固定搭配。如:all of a sudden; as a matter of fact; as a result; as a rule; as a whole; at a distance; in a way。
定冠词 (the)
1. 表复指上文提到过的人或物。如:We have a cat and two dogs. The cat is black and the dogs are white.
2. 表特指说话双方都知道的人或物。如: Pass me the dictionary, please.
3. 用于比较级前,特指两个被比较的对象的一个。如:Of the two brothers, the younger is more interesting.
零冠词
1. 记忆口诀:下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词前,专有名词不可数,学科球类三餐饭,复数名词表泛指,两节星期月份前,颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。
2. 固定搭配。如:lose heart, by chance, in time, catch sight of, in place of。
冠词的活用
1.抽象名词或物质名词具体化。如:a surprise 一件意外的事情;a pleasure一个令人快乐的事情。
2. 序数词前的冠词活用。如:Can you give me a second chance, please?
3.表示乐器的名词前的冠词活用。如:play the piano;play erhu。
1. 不定冠词 a /an
· a + 辅音音素开头单词:a book, a university
· an + 元音音素开头单词:an apple, an hour, an honest boy
· 用法:
1. 泛指 “一个”
2. 首次提到某人某物
3. 固定搭配:have a rest, in a hurry
2. 定冠词 the
· 特指:双方都知道的人 / 物
· 上文已提过:I have a book. The book is new.
· 序数词 / 最高级前:the first, the best
· 乐器前:play the piano
· 独一无二:the sun, the moon, the earth
· 姓氏复数前:the Greens 格林一家
3. 零冠词(不用冠词)
· 三餐、球类、棋类:have breakfast, play basketball
· 月份、星期、季节、节日(不含 festival)
· 语言、学科:English, math
· 人名、地名、国名
1.Lisa is ________ honest girl, she is good at playing ________ piano.
A.a; the B.an; the C.an; a
【答案】B
【详解】句意:丽莎是一个诚实的女孩,她擅长弹钢琴。
考查冠词用法。a一个,不定冠词,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;the这个、那个,定冠词,表特指;an一个,不定冠词,表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前。第一空后“honest”以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an;第二空play the piano为固定搭配,表示演奏乐器时需加定冠词the。故选B。
2.—Do you know the boy over there?
—Oh, yes. He is from ________ African country. He is ________ honest boy.
A.an; a B.an; an C.a; an
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你认识那边的那个男孩吗?——哦,是的。他来自一个非洲国家。他是一个诚实的男孩。
考查冠词用法。a一个,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,用于元音音素开头的单词前。第一空后“African”以元音音素开头,用“an”;第二空后“honest”以元音音素开头(h不发音),用“an”。故选B。
3.—Mary is ________ honest girl. She never tells a lie.
—Yes, and she’s warm-hearted as well.
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——玛丽是一个诚实的女孩。她从不撒谎。——是的,而且她也热心。
考查冠词辨析。a不定冠词,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指。此处表示“一个诚实的女孩”,表泛指,且honest以元音音素/ɒ/开头,应用an。故选B。
4.Though they had different ideas at first, they finally reached ________ agreement after talking patiently.
A.an B.the C.a
【答案】A
【详解】句意:虽然他们一开始有不同的想法,但经过耐心交谈,他们最终达成了一致意见。
考查冠词用法。 an一个(用于以元音音素开头的单词前);the这个/那个(表特指);a一个(用于以辅音音素开头的单词前)。 根据“reached...agreement”可知,此处是固定短语reach an agreement,agreement以元音音素开头,用an修饰。 故选A。
5.Julie is _________ honest child from _________ European country.
A.a, a B.an, an C.an, a
【答案】C
【详解】句意:朱莉是一个来自欧洲国家的诚实孩子。
考查不定冠词的用法。不定冠词a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。“honest”发音以元音音素/ɒ/开头,所以用an;“European”发音以辅音音素/j/开头,所以用a。故选C。
6.—The final exam is coming. How is it going?
—Not bad, thanks. I just treat it as ________ usual exam. I think I can make it.
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——期末考试要来了。进展如何?——还不错,谢谢。我只是把它当作一个平常的考试。我想我能行。
考查冠词辨析。a一个,表泛指,不定冠词,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,表泛指,不定冠词,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the这个/那个,表特指,定冠词。句中“usual”发音为/ˈjuːʒuəl/,以辅音音素/j/开头,应用不定冠词a表示泛指。故选A。
7.Jim wants to be ________ honest person in the future.
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:吉姆将来想成为一个诚实的人。
考查冠词辨析。a一个,不定冠词,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,不定冠词,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the这个,定冠词,表示特指。根据“Jim wants to be...honest person in the future.”可知,此处表示泛指,且honest是以元音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词an。故选B。
8.Have you ever read a story about aliens visiting ________ university on the Earth?
A.an B.a C.the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你读过关于外星人造访地球上某所大学的故事吗?
考查冠词辨析。an一个,用于元音音素开头的单词前;a一个,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;the这,那,特指。根据“university”的发音以辅音音素开头,且句中“university”为泛指(未特指具体大学),故用不定冠词“a”。故选B。
9.—Do you know about the foreigner?
—Yes. He comes from a European country. And he is __________ honest boy.
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你了解那个外国人吗?——了解。他来自一个欧洲国家。而且他是一个诚实的男孩。
考查冠词用法。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指。此处表示泛指“一个诚实的男孩”,honest发音以元音音素开头,应用an。故选B。
10.Jack is _________ honest boy and he never tells lies to others.
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:Jack是一个诚实的男孩,他从不对别人说谎。
考查冠词辨析。a一个,用于辅音音素开头的词前;an一个,用于元音音素开头的词前;the这个/那个,表特指。句子中指的是“一个诚实的男孩”,泛指,因此用不定冠词;honest以元音音素/ɒ/开头(h 不发音),所以用an;故选B。
11.—Is Russia ________ European country?
—Yes, though a large part of it is in ________ Asia.
A.a; a B.a; / C.an; the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——俄罗斯是一个欧洲国家吗?——是的,尽管它的大部分领土在亚洲。
考查冠词的用法。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词。“European发音以辅音音素开头,此处泛指“一个欧洲国家”,要用a;Asia是专有名词,前面不加冠词。故选B。
12.—What do you think of Bob?
—I think he is ________ honest boy.
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你认为鲍勃怎么样?——我认为他是一个诚实的男孩。
考查冠词的用法。a一个,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the这个/那个,定冠词。“honest”的发音以元音音素/ɒ/开头,因此需用“an”表示泛指。故选B。
13.Germany, ________ European country, has ________ population of about 83 million.
A.an; a B.an; the C.a; a
【答案】C
【详解】句意:德国,一个欧洲国家,拥有约8300万人口。
考查冠词。an一个,表泛指,用于元音音素开头单词前;a一个,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头单词前;the表特指。空一处泛指一个欧洲国家,且European是辅音音素开头的单词,用a表示;空二处是固定搭配have a population of“拥有……的人口”。故选C。
14.In the second term the students will take part in a field trip to ________ European city.
A.a B.an C.不填
【答案】A
【详解】句意:在第二学期,学生们将参加一个欧洲城市的实地考察。
考查冠词辨析。a一个,不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,不定冠词,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;不填即零冠词。“European city”表泛指一个欧洲城市,且“European”是以辅音音素/j/开头的单词,所以前面应该用不定冠词a。故选A。
15.—You don’t like coffee, do you?
—As ________ matter of fact, I do. I just don’t drink it in the afternoon.
A.a B.the C./
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你不喜欢咖啡,是吗?——事实上,我喜欢。我只是下午不喝它。
考查冠词用法。“as a matter of fact”是固定短语,意为“事实上”,应用不定冠词a。故选A。
考点二 数词
1.(2014·福建莆田·中考真题)According to the new family planning policy in China, a couple can have a_______child if one of them is an only child.
A.two B.second C.twice
【答案】B
【详解】试题分析:句意:按照国家新的家庭计划,一对夫妇如果有一方是独生子女,可以生两个再要一个孩子。因为空格后是名词的单数,故排除A;twice是两次,不符合语境,故排除C;序数词前加不定冠词,表示又一个,另一个。故选B。
考点:考查序数词。
2.(2013·福建龙岩·中考真题)Today is my little sister’s ______ birthday. My family will get together to celebrate it.
A.nine B.ninth C.the ninth
【答案】B
【详解】第几个生日用序数词,由因为名词所有格,不能再用冠词。
考点:数次的用法。
3.(2016·福建莆田·中考真题)Susan’s mother looks so young. It’s hard to imagine she’s already in her ______.
A.sixty B.sixties C.sixtieth
【答案】B
【详解】句意:苏珊的妈妈看起来那么年轻。能以想像她已经六十多数了。
考查数词。在某人的几十岁:in one’s+整十的复数形式。故选B。
4.(2016·福建福州·中考真题)—Where were you born, Michael?
—I was born in a small village with only three ______________ people.
A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundreds of
【答案】A
【详解】句意:--Michael,你出生在哪里?--我出生在一个仅有着三千人口的一个小村子。hundred,thousand million 等和具体数字连用,不加s,是具体数字。hundred,thousand million后加s,of,表示数百,数千,数百万,是模糊数字。根据该句中是具体数字,故选A。
5.(2015·福建龙岩·中考真题)-Tony, where is your new classroom?
-It's on the _ floor
A.three B.third C.one third.
【答案】B
【详解】试题分析:句意:――托尼,你的新教室在哪里?――在三楼。英语中数词分为基数词和序数词,基数词表示“数量”,意思是“几,几个……”; 序数词表示“顺序”,意思是“第几”。“在三楼”表示从地面算起的“第三层楼”,用序数词,故选B。
【考点定位】考查数词辨析。
高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳
1. 序数词的拼写
序数词
缩写
序数词
缩写
first
second
third
fourth
fifth
sixth
seventh
eighth
ninth
tenth
eleventh
twelfth
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
twentieth
twenty-first
thirtieth
thirty-fifth
fortieth
fiftieth
sixtieth
seventieth
eightieth
ninetieth
hundredth
20th
21st
30th
35th
40th
50th
60th
70th
80th
90th
100th
2. 表示计量:
即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度,应采用基数词。
It is 50 metres / kilometers/miles long (wide, deep, high).
它有50米/千米/英里长(宽、深、高)。
3. 表示编号:
编号的数字如果过小,可用序数词或基数词表示;如果数字较大,通常用基数词表示。
1. The tenth lesson=Lesson Ten 第10课
2. Room 405 第405号房
3. Page 215 第215页
4. No.14 Middle School 第14中学
5. Telephone NO.5855806 电话: 5855806
4. 表示不确切的数字:
基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字,而基数词复数形式加上“of” 表示不确切的数字。
1. five hundred students 500名学生
2. two thousand people 2000人
3. five dozen pencils 5打铅笔
4. hundreds of students 几百名学生
5. millions of workers 成千上万的工人
6. scores of chairs 几十张椅子
5. 表示年龄和岁数
1. He is a boy of 10 yeas old.
= He is 10 yeas old.
= He is 10 (years of age).
= He is a ten-year-old boy.
2. At the age of ten, he began to learn English.
3. My father is in his fifties. 我爸爸50多岁。
6. 表示年代:
表示什么世纪,什么年代时,通常在数词后加s或’s,并在年代前加定冠词the ,
1. 1980’s/ 1980s(20世纪80年代),
读作:nineteen eighties.
2. His grandfather died in the 1970’s/1970s。
7. 表示分数:
分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子是one时,分母不必加s; 分子大于one时,分母要加s.
1. a(=one) third 三分之一 one fifth 五分之一
2. two thirds 三分之二 three fourths 四分之三
3. Two thirds of the trees were cut down ten years ago.
8. 表示百分数:
百分数的表达方式是:基数词+ percent(单数形式)+of+名词。
1. Thirty percent of the students in my class are from cities.
2. About 61 percent of the surface is covered by water.
1. 基数词:表示数量
· one, two, three… twenty, thirty…
· 百位和十位之间加 and:three hundred and sixty-five
2. 序数词:表示顺序
· 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 9th, 12th, 20th
· 口诀:
一二三特殊记,八去 t,九去 e,
ve 要用 f 替,ty 变 tie,后面加上 th。
3. 常考考点
· 模糊数字:hundreds of, thousands of(加 s,加 of)
· 具体数字:two hundred(不加 s,不加 of)
· 年龄:in one’s + 整十复数
in his thirties 在他三十多岁时
· 日期:月份 + 序数词
on May 1st
1.—Was the light bulb invented ________?
—Yes. It was invented in 1879.
A.in the 18th century B.in the 1870s C.in the 1870
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——电灯泡是在十九世纪七十年代发明的吗?——是的。它是在1879年发明的。
考查具体年份与年代表示法的对应关系。 in the 18th century在十八世纪,对应1700—1799年,不包含1879年; in the 1870s在十九世纪七十年代,对应1870—1879年。 in the 1870表述错误。答句中“in 1879”属于“in the 1870s”这个年代范围之内。故选B。
2.It is reported that the floods have made ________ people homeless.
A.million of B.three millions C.millions of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:据报道,洪水使数百万人无家可归。
考查大数的表达。表示具体数字时,million用单数,如three million;表示概数时,用millions of,意为“数百万的”。故选C。
3.________ of the students in our class ________ playing table tennis.
A.Two thirds; likes B.Two third; likes C.Two thirds; like
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们班三分之二的学生喜欢打乒乓球。
考查分数的表达和主谓一致。分数表达中,分子大于1时分母用复数形式,因此“two thirds”正确;分数短语作主语时,谓语动词的数由of后的名词决定,此处“students”为复数,故谓语动词用“like”。A项分数正确但谓语动词“likes”错误;B项分数“two third”错误 (应为“thirds”)且谓语动词“likes”错误;C项分数和谓语动词均正确。故选C。
4.In our class ________ of the students ________ girls.
A.three fourths, is B.third fourth, are C.three fourths, are
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在我们班,四分之三的学生是女生。
考查分数以及主谓一致。英语中分数的表达方式为:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子是一时,分母用单数形式;当分子大于一时,分母用复数形式。所以“四分之三”应表达为“three fourths”;“分数 + of + 名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由of后面的名词决定,“the students”为复数,所以谓语动词用复数形式are,结合选项可知,C项符合。故选C。
5.—Have you finished the science fiction novel The Three-body Problem yet?
—Not yet. I have just read ________ of it.
A.first four B.first fourth C.one fourth
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你读完科幻小说《三体》了吗?——还没有。我才读了它的四分之一。
考查分数表达法。分数表达规则:分子为基数词,分母为序数词。若分子大于1,分母用复数,排除AB。故选C。
6.We read 50,392 like this ________.
A.five thousand three hundreds and ninety two
B.fifty thousand three hundred and ninety-two
C.fifty thousand and three hundred and ninety-two
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们像这样读50,392五万零三百九十二。
考查数词。英文中数字用逗号隔开,从右往左每三位加一个逗号,第一个逗号代表千,用thousand,百位数在数字后加hundred,百位和十位之间要加and,表示几十几在十位数和个位数之间加连字符,因此50,392正确的读法是fifty thousand three hundred and ninety-two。故选B。
7.About ________ of the workers in the factory ________ born in the 1960s.
A.two thirds, were B.three second, are C.two third, were
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这家工厂约三分之二的工人出生于20世纪60年代。
考查分数表达及时态。分数表达为分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1时,分母用复数,因此空一处用two thirds表示“三分之二”;根据“in the 1960s”可知,句子时态是一般过去时,谓语用过去式were。故选A。
8.Every year birds come here to spend winter.
A.two millions of B.million of C.millions of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:每年数百万只鸟来这里过冬。
考查数词。“million”前有具体数字时,用单数形式,且不与“of”连用;“millions of”是固定搭配,意为“数百万的”。故选C。
9.—Can you write the number eighty-five thousand, six hundred and twenty-six?
—Yes, it is ________.
A.85,626 B.58,626 C.58,662
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你能写出数字八万五千六百二十六吗?——是的,它是85,626。
考查数词。eighty-five thousand是八万五千,six hundred and twenty-six是六百二十六, 英文中1000 以上的基数词,先从右至左数,每三位数加一个逗号,因此是85,626。故选A。
10.The country has spent 10 ________ dollars on a program to build a subway around the city.
A.billion B.billions C.billions of
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这个国家已经在环绕城市修建地铁的项目上花费了100亿美元。
考查数词用法。表示具体数字时,“billion”用单数形式,其后不加s和of;表示模糊数字时,“billion”后加s,且加of。根据“10”可知,此处表示具体数字,用“billion”。故选A。
11.In our class, ________ of the students ________ girls.
A.third fifths, is B.three fifths, are C.three fifth, is
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在我们班,五分之三的学生是女生。
考查分数和主谓一致。分数的表达:分子是基数词,分母是序数词,分子大于1时,分母用复数形式,所以此处的分数表达为three fifths“五分之三”;“分数+of+名词”作主语,谓语动词的数由名词来定,“students”是复数,be动词用are。故选B。
12.Xi’an is a city with many places of interest and ________ tourists come here every year.
A.thousands of B.thousand C.thousands
【答案】A
【详解】句意:西安是一座拥有众多名胜古迹的城市,而且每年有成千上万的游客来到这里。
考查大数表达。thousand“千”,与具体数字连用时,通常不加复数词尾-s,也不后接介词of;当它不与具体数字连用,而是表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要加复数词尾-s,而且要后接介词of,然后才能接名词,结合选项可知,thousands of“成千上万的”符合语境。故选A。
13.There are over ________ students in our school. And ________ of them are boys.
A.four hundred; three fifth B.four hundreds; three fifths C.four hundred; three fifths
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们学校有四百多名学生。其中五分之三是男孩。
考查数词用法。hundred表示具体数量时,只需要在前面加数词。分数表达为:基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。因此第一空“四百”为“four hundred”;第二空“五分之三”为“ three fifths”。故选C。
14.In my class, ________ of the students go to school by subway. The others either take a bus or ride a bike.
A.second five B.two fifth C.two fifths
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在我的班里,五分之二的学生坐地铁上学。其余的学生要么坐公交车,要么骑自行车。
考查分数表达。分数的正确表达规则是:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;当分子大于1时,分母的序数词需加“s”。“五分之二”中,分子“2”是基数词“two”,分母“5”是序数词“fifth”,因分子大于1,分母需变为“fifths”,即“two fifths”。故选C。
15.The Beatles became popular in ________. Their music influenced a whole generation.
A.the 1960 B.1960s C.the 1960s
【答案】C
【详解】句意:披头士乐队在20世纪60年代开始流行。他们的音乐影响了整整一代人。
考查年代的表达。表示某个年代时,英语中需使用“the+年份复数”的结构。故选C。
1.(2025·福建厦门·二模)To keep warm, the little match girl held ________ as tight (紧地) as possible against the cold wind in winter.
A.she B.hers C.herself
【答案】C
【详解】句意:为了保暖,卖火柴的小女孩在冬天尽可能紧紧地缩成一团来抵御寒风 。
考查代词辨析。she她,主格;hers她的,名词性物主代词;herself她自己,反身代词。hold oneself against意为“让自己抵御”,这里用herself表示小女孩自己,即小女孩在寒冷的冬天通过这样的动作来保暖。故选C。
2.(2025·福建福州·三模)—Come on! _________ of them could help to solve the trouble, so we had to turn to a third person for help.
—You have a point!
A.None B.Neither C.Either
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——加油!他们俩都没法解决这个麻烦,所以我们不得不向第三方求助。——你说得对!
考查代词辨析。None(三者及以上)都不;Neither(两者)都不;Either(两者中)任意一个。根据后文“a third person”可知前文指“两者都不”。故选B。
3.(2025·福建泉州·三模)—My group had different ideas in the discussion.
—That’s normal. In fact, ________ thinks exactly the same.
A.everybody B.nobody C.somebody
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我的小组在讨论中有不同的想法。——这很正常。事实上,没有人的想法是完全一样的。
考查不定代词辨析。everybody每个人;nobody没人;somebody某人。根据“My group had different ideas in the discussion. ”及“That’s normal.”可知,此处表达没有人的想法是完全一样的。故选B。
4.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)—Betty looks sad. Shall we do ________ to cheer her up?
—Good idea. Let’s tell her some jokes first.
A.nothing B.something C.anything
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——贝蒂看起来很伤心。我们做点什么让她高兴起来好吗?——好主意。咱们先给她讲些笑话吧。
考查代词辨析。nothing没有什么;something某物;anything任何事物。“something”意为“某事、某物”,常用于肯定句,但在表示请求、建议,希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中也常用。此句是提出让贝蒂开心起来的建议,用“something”符合语境。故选B。
5.(2025·福建南平·二模)—I really like your model plane! Where did you get it?
—Thanks! I actually made it ________.
A.me B.myself C.my
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我真的很喜欢你的飞机模型!你从哪儿得到它的?——谢谢!实际上是我自己做的它。
考查代词辨析。me我;myself我自己;my我的。根据“Where did you get it?”和“I actually made it ...”可知,此处强调是本人亲自制作了飞机模型,要用反身代词。故选B。
6.(2025·福建福州·三模)Betty can cook meals on ________ own while she is alone at home.
A.my B.your C.her
【答案】C
【详解】句意:Betty独自在家时可以自己做饭。
考查代词辨析。my我的;your你的;her她的。根据“Betty can cook meals on ...own”可知,此处需用与Betty对应的女性第三人称物主代词,所以用her,故选C。
7.(2025·福建泉州·二模)—Who is the man in the classroom?
—He is ______ teacher. He teaches us physics.
A.us B.our C.ours
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——教室里的那个男人是谁?——他是我们的老师。他教我们物理。
考查代词辨析。us我们,宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;ours我们的,名词性物主代词。根据“He is ... teacher”可知,此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词“teacher”,表示“我们的老师”,故选B。
8.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)—Who left the keys on the table?
—It must be ________. She was looking for them earlier.
A.she B.her C.hers
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——谁把钥匙忘在桌子上了?——一定是她。她早些时候在找他们。
考查代词辨析。she她,人称代词主格;her她(的),人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词。根据“Who left the keys on the table?”可知,猜测一定是她把钥匙忘在桌子上了,用人称代词,must be后用宾格形式。故选B。
9.(2025·福建厦门·二模)If something is wrong, fix it. Do not worry. Worry never fixes ________.
A.something B.anything C.everything
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果出了什么问题,把它解决好。别担心。忧虑永远不会解决任何问题。
考查不定代词。something某事,用在肯定句中;anything任何事物,一般用于否定句和疑问句中;everything每件事,以单数形式表达所有的概念。根据句中“never”可知,本句是否定句,因此应该选择anything“任何事物”,表示“忧虑永远不会解决任何问题”。故选B。
10.(2025·福建三明·三模)When Self-driving car drops you off, it drives ________ back home, so you don’t have to worry about parking.
A.itself B.yourself C.ourselves
【答案】A
【详解】句意:当自动驾驶汽车把你送到目的地后,它会自己开回家,所以你不用担心停车问题。
考查反身代词。itself 它自己;yourself你自己;ourselves我们自己。根据“When Self-driving car drops you off, it drives”可知,此句描述自动驾驶汽车的工作过程,骑车会驾驶自己回去,应该用反身代词,it对应的反身代词是itself。故选A。
11.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)The Shenzhou-19 manned spaceship successfully landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site at 13:08 ________ April 30, 2025.
A.on B.in C.at
【答案】A
【详解】句意:神舟19号载人飞船于2025年4月30日13:08成功降落在东风着陆场。
考查介词辨析。on用于具体某一天或日期;in用于月份、年份或季节;at用于具体时刻。根据“April 30, 2025”可知,此处是一个具体日期,因此应使用介词on。故选A。
12.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)—Ms. Wang, when is World Reading Day?
—It is ________ April 23 every year.
A.at B.on C.in
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——王老师,世界读书日是什么时候?——它在每年的4月23日。
考查介词辨析。at后加具体时间点;on后加星期或具体的某天;in后加早/中/晚/月份/季节/年份等。“April 23”是具体的一天,用时间介词on。故选B。
13.(2025·福建厦门·二模)Wang Chuqin and Sun Yingsha defeated Japan 3—1 to win their third mixed doubles title (混双冠军) ________ May 24, 2025.
A.in B.on C.at
【答案】B
【详解】句意:王楚钦和孙颖莎于2025年5月24日以3—1击败日本队,赢得他们的第三个混双冠军。
考查介词辨析。in在,后加世纪,年,月,季节等;on在具体的某一天;at在某个时间点。根据“May 24, 2025”可知,这里指的是在2025年5月24日这一天。故选B。
14.(2025·福建福州·三模)—Dad, how do you like this rap song? It’s my favourite.
—I prefer classical music. Rap music is really ________ my understanding.
A.over B.past C.beyond
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——爸爸,你觉得这首说唱歌曲怎么样?它是我最喜欢的。——我更喜欢古典音乐。说唱音乐真的超出了我的理解范围。
考查介词辨析。over在……上方;past经过;beyond超出。根据“I prefer classical music.”可知,爸爸更喜欢古典音乐,因此他认为说唱音乐超出了他的理解范围,所以应该用beyond。故选C。
15.(2025·福建厦门·二模)Lixia, or the Start of Summer, is a time when the temperature increases quickly ________ heavier rainfall.
A.against B.with C.except
【答案】B
【详解】句意:立夏,即夏天的开始,是一个气温迅速上升且降雨量增多的时节。
考查介词辨析。against反对,紧靠;with和,随着;except除了。根据语境可知,此处描述的是立夏时节气温迅速上升,并且伴随着更大的降雨量,所以应该用with来表示“伴随着”。故选B。
16.(2025·福建福州·三模)Chinese people get together for a big dinner ________ New Year’s Eve.
A.in B.on C.at
【答案】B
【详解】句意:中国人在除夕团聚在一起吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。
考查介词辨析。in在里面;on在某天;at在几点钟。New Year’s Eve表示的是具体的某一天,即农历年的最后一天。表示在具体的某一天需用介词on。故选B。
17.(2025·福建福州·三模)In order to improve our writing skills, our teacher asked each of us to keep a dairy ________ English every day.
A.with B.in C.by
【答案】B
【详解】句意:为了提高我们的写作技能,我们的老师要求我们每个人每天用英语写日记。
考查介词辨析。with和……一起;用(工具);in在……里;用(语言);by通过;由。在英语中,表达“用某种语言”时,习惯用介词“in”,in English“用英语”。故选B。
18.(2025·福建莆田·模拟预测)China celebrated the 25th anniversary of Macao’s return ________ December 20th, 2024.
A.in B.on C.at
【答案】B
【详解】句意:2024年12月20日,中国庆祝澳门回归25周年。
考查时间介词。in在某年、月、季节等;on在具体的某一天;at在某个时刻。根据“December 20th, 2024”可知,此处是具体的某一天,用介词on。故选B。
19.(2025·福建泉州·二模)In winter, my grandma likes sleeping ______ the window closed, because it is cold outside.
A.by B.with C.for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:冬天,我奶奶喜欢关着窗户睡觉,因为外面很冷。
考查介词辨析。by表示“通过”;with表示“伴随某种状态”;for表示“为了”。根据“my grandma likes sleeping...the window closed”可知,此处表示“在窗户关着的状态下睡觉”,强调伴随状态,故选B。
20.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)Miss Lee is a kind teacher. She always encourages us ________ warm words.
A.for B.with C.about
【答案】B
【详解】句意:李老师是一位善良的老师。她总是用温暖的话语鼓励我们。
考查介词辨析。for为了;with用;about关于。根据“encourages us ... warm words”可知,是用温暖的话语鼓励我们,介词with符合语境。故选B。
21.(2025·福建南平·一模)Wang Junfeng is ________ honest boy, we should learn from him.
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:王俊峰是一个诚实的男孩,我们应该向他学习。
考查冠词用法。a用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an用于元音音素开头的单词前;the表示特指。honest的发音以元音音素/ɒ/开头,故用an,故选B。
22.(2025·福建漳州·模拟预测)—Do you like _________ film Ne Zha 2?
—Yes. It gives me something meaningful to think about.
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你喜欢《哪吒2》这部电影吗?——是的,它给了我一些有意义的思考。
考查冠词用法。根据“Do you like…film Ne Zha 2?”可知此处特指《哪吒2》这部电影,用定冠词the表示特指。故选C。
23.(24-25九年级下·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·期中)—________ movie Ne Zha 2 was one of the blockbusting movies this Chinese New Year.
—Yes. I would like to see it a second time.
A.The B.A C.\
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——电影《哪吒2》是今年春节最卖座的电影之一。——对。我想再看一遍。
考查冠词。the定冠词,表特指;a不定冠词,表泛指。根据第一个空后的“movie Ne Zha 2”可知,此处表示特指,应用定冠词。故选A。
24.(2025·福建福州·三模)Mum, it’s time to have ________ lunch. I am too hungry now.
A.a B./ C.the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:妈妈,该吃午饭了。我现在太饿了。
考查零冠词。have lunch“吃午饭”,固定搭配,三餐前不用冠词。故选B。
25.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)There is ________ eraser on the floor. Whose is it?
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:地板上有一块橡皮。它是谁的?
考查冠词用法。a一个,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the这个,表特指;“eraser”为可数名词单数,且以元音音素开头,此处表示泛指,需用不定冠词an。故选B。
26.(2025·福建福州·模拟预测)—Have you ever visited ________ Three Lanes and Seven Alleys in Fuzhou?
—Yes! It’s ________ amazing place to learn about local history.
A.the; an B.a; the C./; an
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你曾经去过福州的三坊七巷吗? ——是的!这是一个深入了解当地历史的绝佳场所。
考查冠词辨析。the定冠词,表特指;an一个,不定冠词,位于元音音素开头的单词之前;a一个,不定冠词,位于以辅音音素开头的单词之前;/ 零冠词。分析题干,第一句空后“Three Lanes and Seven Alleys”意为“三坊七巷”,为专有名词,应用定冠词the表特指;再由“It’s…amazing place to learn”可知,此处泛指“一处”绝佳场所,且第二空后amazing的发音是以元音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词an表泛指。故选A。
27.(24-25九年级下·福建福州·期中)DeepSeek, ________ AI language model, has become ________ popular tool for people to get-information and solve problems.
A.an; a B.the; a C.an; the
【答案】A
【详解】句意:DeepSeek,一种人工智能语言模型,已成为人们获取信息和解决问题的流行工具。
考查冠词辨析。an一个,后接以元音音素发音的单词;a一个,后接以辅音音素发音的单词;the这个,表示特指。第一空泛指一个AI语言模型,且AI是元音音素开头,用an修饰;第二空是泛指一种流行工具,且popular是辅音音素开头,用a修饰。故选A。
28.(2025·福建福州·模拟预测)Unexpectedly, ________ earthquake broke out in Turkey on February 6, 2023. After 48 hours of rescue, ________ one-year-old baby was successfully saved by the workers.
A.an, a B.an, an C.a, a
【答案】A
【详解】句意:2023年2月6日,土耳其意外发生了一场地震。经过48小时的救援,一名一岁大的婴儿被救援人员成功救出。
考查不定冠词a和an的用法。a用于读音以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于读音以元音音素开头的单词前。“earthquake”读音以元音音素开头,所以用 an;“one-year-old”读音以辅音音素开头,所以用 a。故选A。
29.(2025·福建福州·二模)—Who is ________ girl in red over there? I’ve never seen her before.
—She’s our new classmate, Jenny.
A.a B./ C.the
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——那边那个穿红衣服的女孩是谁?我以前从没见过她。——她是我们的新同学,珍妮。
考查冠词辨析。a不定冠词,表泛指;/不填;the定冠词,表特指。根据“...girl in red over there”可知,此处是特指穿红衣服的女孩,需用定冠词。故选C。
30.(2025·福建三明·一模)Wang Jie has an uncle and he is ________ AI engineer.
A.a B.an C.the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:王杰有一个叔叔,他是一名人工智能工程师。
考查冠词。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指。根据“he is… AI engineer”的语境可知,此处表示泛指的一名人工智能工程师,AI是以元音音素开头的单词,用an。故选B。
31.(2025·福建厦门·二模)I’ve never been to Beijing. This will be my ________ visit to the Great Wall.
A.second B.third C.first
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我从未去过北京。这将是我第一次游览长城。
考查数词辨析。second第二;third第三;first第一。根据“I’ve never been to Beijing.”可知,从未去过,所以这是第一次游览长城。故选C。
32.(2025·福建漳州·模拟预测)The _________ letter in the word “century” is “n”.
A.second B.third C.fifth
【答案】B
【详解】句意:单词“century”中的第3个字母是“n”。
考查序数词辨析。second第二;third第三;fifth第五。分析单词“century”的字母顺序:c(1)-e(2)-n(3)-t(4)-u(5)-r(6)-y(7),可知字母“n”是第三个字母。故选B。
33.(2025·福建莆田·模拟预测)—There are ______ trees around the Taklamakan (塔克拉玛干) Desert nowadays.
—Yes, they look like a “scarf”.
A.2 billion B.billion of C.billions of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——现如今塔克拉玛干沙漠周围有数十亿棵树。——是的,它们看起来像一条“围巾”。
考查数词用法。根据“they look like a ‘scarf’.”可知,这里是说数量很多,并非确切的20亿,“billions of”表示不确切的“数十亿的;大量的”概念,符合语境。故选C。
34.(2025·福建宁德·二模)Look at the triangle on the right. If AC is 3 and BC is 4, we know AB is ________.
A.five B.seven C.nine
【答案】A
【详解】句意:看右边的三角形。如果AC是3,BC是4,我们知道AB是5 。
考查数字运算。由图可知这是直角三角形,∠C是直角,根据勾股定理,直角三角形中两直角边的平方和等于斜边的平方,即AB2=AC2+BC2,AB2 =32 +42 =9+16=25,所以AB=5,“five”符合计算结果。故选A。
35.(2024·广西钦州·三模)I’ve never been to Qinzhou. This will be my ________ visit to the Sanniang Bay.
A.first B.second C.third
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我从来没有去过钦州。这将是我第一次来到三娘湾。
考查序数词。first第一;second第二;third第三。根据“I’ve never been to Qinzhou”可知从没有去过钦州,所以是第一次参观三娘湾。故选A。
36.(2025·福建福州·一模)—Look at the triangle on the right, if AC=3, BC=4, how long is AB?
—It’s ________.
A.five B.nine C.twelve
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——看右边的三角形,如果AC=3 BC=4,AB有多长?——是5。
考查数学运算。根据勾股定理,AC的平方+BC的平方=AB的平方,由此可得出,AB=5,故选A。
37.(24-25九年级上·福建泉州·期末)—There are 45 students in our class, and ________ of us are boys.
—Wow! You have 27 boys!
A.two fifths B.three fifths C.four fifths
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我们班有45个学生,五分之三是男孩。——哇!你们有27个男孩!
考查数学运算。two fifths五分之二;three fifths五分之三;four fifths五分之四。根据“There are 45 students in our class”和“You have 27 boys!”可知,一共有45个学生,男生数量为27,占全班总人数的五分之三。故选B。
38.(25-26九年级上·福建泉州·期中)In our class, about ________ of the students like to help each other with their studies.
A.two third B.two thirds C.two three
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在我们班,大约三分之二的学生喜欢在学习上互相帮助。
考查分数表达。分数表达中,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时分母用复数形式。A项two third分母未用复数,错误;B项two thirds正确;C项two three不是分数表达,错误。故选B。
39.(25-26九年级上·福建南平·期中)The city has spent 10 ________ dollars on a program to build a bridge over the river.
A.millions B.million C.millions of
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这个城市已经花费了1000万美元在修建一座跨河大桥的项目上。
考查数词。million“百万”,表示具体数字时,用单数形式;表示概数时,用millions of,且前面不加数字,意为“数百万的”。此处空前有基数词“10”,是具体数字,用million。故选B。
40.(24-25九年级下·福建福州·期中)Amy is very thirsty. She has drunk four bottles of juice, and she still wants ________ one.
A.five B.a fifth C.fifth
【答案】B
【详解】句意:埃米非常渴。她已经喝了四瓶果汁,仍然还想再喝一瓶。
考查数词用法。five五;a fifth又一个;fifth第五。根据“She has drunk four bottles of juice, and she still wants”可知,Amy喝了四瓶,还想要第五瓶。故选B。
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