Unit 2 Dilemma and Solution-Reading Further-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（重庆大学版）

高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 精讲专版 【Unit2】Dilemma and Solution-Reading Further 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 misguided/,mIs'gardId/adj.误薄；肤浅 进 入歧途的：被误导的 enjoyment/m'd3mant/n.享受；dimension/dar'menn/n.方面： disadvantages/,disad'va:ntId3Iz/乐趣；愉快 维度；尺寸 n.不利条件：劣势(disadvantage familiarity/f3,mli'rti/n.熟compulsory /kam'PAlsori/adj.强 的复数) 悉：通晓：亲近 制的：义务的：必修的 reference /'refrans/nv.参考；creativity/kri:eI'trvati/n.创造allusion/'lu:3n/n.暗示；提及； 查阅：提及：引用 力：创造性 引喻 inform /m'f3m/v.通知；告知；initiative'nIfativ//n./adj.倡议；confine /kan'fam/v.n.限制；禁 了解 主动性：主动的；自发的 闭：（复数)界限；边界 alternative:l't3ntv/adj.n.initial/i'nuV/adj..h.最初的；字pessimism/'pesmmIz3m/n.悲观： 可供选择的：替代的：可供选择首的：首字母：[语]声母 悲观主义 的事物 refreshing /r'fre/adj.提神的；acerbic/A's3:bik/adj.尖酸的；刻 immediacy'mi:diasi//n.直接使人耳目一新的 薄的 性；即时性；迫切性 further/f3:ǒat)/ad/adv..进 shallowness/∫elaunas/n.浅：浅一步的；更远的：进一步地：推 词义辨析及同义替换 1. reference/'refrans/n./w.参考；查阅；提及；引用 词义辨析： reference:.作名词时指“参考资料、提及”，作动词时强调“引用（文献、数据等）”，正式用语， 常用于学术或书面语境。 cite:仅作动词，侧重“引用（他人的话、观点）”，尤指为支持论点而引用，比reference更强调 “引述来源”。 同义替换： cite,quotation (n.),refer to (v.) 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 例句： You must provide references for all the data in your report 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习）》 When writing an essay,it's important to the sources of your information to avoid plagiarism. A.reference B.inform C.confine (答案：A) 2.inform /in'fom/v.通知：告知：了解 词义辨析： inform:侧重“正式通知某人某事”，常用搭配inform sb.of sth.,语气较客观。 notify:语气更正式，强调“官方或按程序通知”，如通知政策、事件等，搭配notify sb.about sth.。 同义替换： notify,tell,advise 例句： The teacher informed us of the time change for the exam. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试） The company all employees about the new safety rules yesterday. A.informed B.referenced C.alternative (答案：A) 3.alternative/:l't3 natrv/adj.m.可供选择的；替代的；可供选择的事物 词义辨析： alternative:作形容词时指“两者择一的、替代的”，作名词时强调“除了主流之外的另一种选 择”，常与to搭配。 choice:仅作名词，泛指“选择的机会或权利”，或“选中的事物”，使用范围更广。 同义替换： option,substitute (n.),other (adj.) 例句： If you don't like coffee,we have an alternative drink like tea. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第三册课后练习） There is no to hard work if you want to achieve your goals. A.alternative B.creativity C.initiative (答案：A) 4.confine/kan'fan/v.n.限制：禁闭：（复数）界限：边界 词义辨析： confine:作动词时强调“将人或事物限制在一定范围内”，常用搭配confine.to.,正式用语。 liit:动词时侧重“设定界限或数量上限”，名词时指“限制、界限”，使用更广泛。 2 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 同义替换： restrict,limit,boundary (n. 例句： You should not confine your hobbies to just one type. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第三册模块检测） Parents often their children's screen time to protect their eyesight. A.confine B.inform C.further (答案：A) 5.further/'f3:ar)/adj./adv./v.进一步的：更远的：进一步地：推进 词义辨析： further:作形容词/副词时，可指“距离更远”或“程度更深、进一步”，作动词时意为“推进、 促进”。 farther:仅指“距离上更远”，是far的比较级，不用于抽象意义的“进一步”。 同义替换： advance (v.),additional (adj.),deeper (adv.) 例句： We need to do further research to confirm the results 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） The team plans to their study on climate change next year. A.further B.reference C.refresh (答案：A) 6.compulsory /kam'pAlsari/adj.强制的：义务的；必修的 词义辨析： compulsory:强调“必须做的、义务性的”，如必修课、法律规定的义务，反义词为optional。 required:侧重“（根据规则或要求）必须的”，语气比compulsory稍弱，如required courses(必 修课)。 同义替换： required,mandatory,obligatory 例句： Math and English are compulsory subjects in high school. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试） Attendance at the meeting is for all staff;no excuses will be accepted. A.compulsory B.optional C.refreshing (答案：A) 7.creativity/kari:er'trvati//n.创造力；创造性 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 词义辨析： creativity:指“创造新事物、新想法的能力”，抽象名词，侧重思维层面的创新。 innovation:强调“将新想法或发明应用于实践”，尤指科技、制度等领域的革新。 同义替换： originality,inventiveness,innovation 例句： Art classes help students develop their creativity. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第三册模块检测） The company values and encourages employees to propose new ideas. A.creativity B.shallowness C.pessimism (答案：A) 8.pessimism/pesimizam/n.悲观：悲观主义 词义辨析： pessimism:指“对未来持消极态度，认为事情会变糟”，名词，反义词为optimism。 negativity:侧重“消极情绪或态度”，可指对事物的负面看法，范围更广。 同义替换： negativity,hopelessness 例句： His constant pessimism makes it hard for others to work with him 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第三册阅读训练） Despite the challenges,we should avoid and focus on finding solutions. A.pessimism B.enjoyment C.familiarity (答案：A) 9.initiative/'nifotrv/n./ad.倡议：主动性；主动的：自发的 词义辨析： initiative:作名词时指“主动采取行动的能力”或“倡议、计划”，作形容词时强调“自发的”。 initiative(主动性)vs.motivation(动机)：前者侧重“行动的自觉性”，后者侧重“做某事的内 在驱动力”。 同义替换： proposal (n.),proactive (adj.),drive 例句： Taking the initiative to help others is a sign of maturity 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试） The student showed great by organizing the charity event on his own. A.initiative B.dimension C.allusion (答案：A) 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 10.dimension/dar'menn/n.方面；维度：尺寸 词义辨析： dimension:指“事物的某个方面、维度”，如问题的多个维度，或物理上的“尺寸（长/宽/高)”。 spct:仅指“事物的某个方面、层面”，更侧重具体的角度，如“社会问题的经济方面”。 同义替换： aspect,facet,measurement 例句： We need to consider the cultural dimension of this issue 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第三册阅读拓展) The book explores the emotional and intellectual of human relationships. A.dimensions B.disadvantages C.immediacy (答案：A) ll.compulsory/km'pAlsari/adj.强制的；义务的：必修的 词义辨析： compulsory:“必修的、必须的”，反义词optional(选修的)。 optional:“可选择的、非强制的”，学生可根据兴趣选择。 同义替换： compulsory-required,mandatory optional-elective,voluntary 例句： (1)Physics is a compulsory subject,while art is optional. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第三册选课指南） Students must complete 10 courses and 5 optional courses to graduate A.compulsory B.alternative C.refreshing (答案：A) l2.familiarity/f3,mli'erati/n.熟悉；通晓：亲近 词义辨析： familiarity:指“对某人/某物的熟悉程度”，或“过分亲密”，名词，搭配familiarity with sth.。 acquaintance:指“对某人的泛泛之交”或“对事物的初步了解”，程度比familiarity浅。 同义替换： knowledge,closeness,acquaintance 例句： Her familiarity with French culture comes from living in Paris for years 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第三册词汇练习） His with computer programming helped him get the job. A.familiarity B.shallowness C.pessimism (答案：A) 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.When writing a research paper,it is necessary to reliable sources to support your arguments. A.reference B.inform C.confine 2.The school all parents of the upcoming parent-teacher meeting via email yesterday. A.referenced B.informed C.alternative 3.If you can't attend the morning session,there is an afternoon session available A.alternative B.creativity C.initiative 4.To improve study efficiency,students should not themselves to only one learning method. A.further B.inform C.confine 5.The research team plans to their investigation into the effects of climate change next year. A.further B.reference C.refresh 6.In many countries,primary education is for all children between the ages of 6 and 15. A.optional B.compulsory C.refreshing 7.The advertising industry values and encourages employees to come up with new ideas. A.creativity B.pessimism C.shallowness 8.Despite the difficulties,we should avoid and stay positive about the future. A.familiarity 6 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 B.pessimism C.initiative 9.The student showed great by starting a community cleanup project without being asked. A.dimension B.initiative C.allusion 10.The novel explores the social and cultural of urban life in the 21st century. A.dimensions B.disadvantages C.immediacy 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Students must provide (参考资料)for all facts in their essays to avoid plagiarism. 2.The manager will (the team of the new work schedule tomorrow. 3.We need to find an (替代的)solution since the original plan is no longer feasible.. 4.Parents often (their children's screen time to protect their eyesight. 5.The government plans to (the development of renewable energy in rural areas. 6.Math and physics are (必修的)subjects for science students in high school, 7.Art classes help students develop their (创造力)and imagination, 8.His constant (makes it hard for others to work with him on team projects. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.It is important to (reference)all sources when writing an academic paper. 2.The company(inform)its employees about the new safety regulations last week. 3.If you don't like coffee,we have several (alternative)drinks such as tea or juice. 4.The research team needs to do (far)studies to confirm the results 5 (compulsory)education ensures that all children have access to basic learning opportunities. 6.Her (familiar)with computer programming helped her get the job. 7 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.为避免抄袭，你必须引用所有数据的来源。 To avoid plagiarism,you must all the data. 2.老师已通知我们考试时间的变更。 The teacher has the time change for the exam. 3.没有努力工作，就没有成功的替代方法。 There is no hard work if you want to succeed. 4.我们需要考虑这个问题的历史维度。 We need to consider the of this issue. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Reading academic papers requires careful attention to detail.First,you should (refer- ence/inform)reliable sources to support the author's arguments.If you encounter unfamiliar terms, it's helpful to check their definitions to build (familiarity/creativity)with the topic.Addition- ally,good researchers never(confine/further)themselves to a single perspective;they explore multiple (dimensions/alternatives)of the issue.To avoid (pessimism/initiative),stay open-minded and focus on finding solutions.Finally,remember that academic writing often includes (compulsory/optional)sections like a literature review,which summarizes previous studies. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.B 3.A4.C5.A6.B7.A8B9B10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.references 2.inform 3.alternative 4.confine 5.further 6.compulsory 7.creativity 8.pessimism I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.reference 2.informed 3.alternative 4.further 5.Compulsory 6.familiarity V.完成句子 1.reference the sources of 2.informed us of 3.alternative to 4.historical dimension 8 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 V语篇填空 1.reference 2.familiarity 3.confine 4.dimensions 5.pessimism 6.compulsory