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高中必修第一册重庆大学版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
寒假专版
【Unit6】Surprising Plants-Reading
Acively
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
本单元核心词汇
一、全部单元单词
rarer /'reara)/adj.更稀有的;realityili/n.现实;实际情species/'spii:zn.物种;种类
更罕见的(rare的比较级)
况:真实
witness/wItnas/v.目击:见证:
fortunately/f:fanatli/adv.幸bear/bea(r)/v.忍受;承受;承作证n.目击者:证人;证据
运地;幸亏
担:生育n.熊
prove /pru:v/v.证明:证实;显
protection /pr3'tekn/n.保护;防bat /baet/n.蝙蝠;球棒v.用球示
护
棒击球
select/sr'lekt/v.选择;挑选:选
policy/'pDl3si/n.政策;方针:保unusual/n'ju:3ual/adj.不寻常拔/'si:let/adj.精选的;优等的
险单
的:罕见的:与众不同的
title'tartl/n.标题;题目;头衔:
establish1'staebli[/v.建立;创usual /'ju3ual/adj.通常的:寻称号
立:确立
常的:惯常的
current/'kArant/adj.当前的:现
declare/d'klea()/v.宣布;声明;province /'provins/n.省;省在的:通用的n.水流:电流:潮
宣称
份:(知识、兴趣)领域
流
extinct/k'stkt/adj.灭绝的:绝inch/mt/n.英寸;少量v.缓慢cash /kaef/n.现金:现款v.兑现:
种的:消亡的
移动
付现
extinction/k'stkn/n.灭绝:绝shade/edWn.阴凉处;树荫:阴
种:消亡
影;色度V.遮蔽:使阴暗
词义辨析及同义替换
1.
unusual/n'ju3ua/adj.不寻常的:罕见的:与众不同的
词义辨析:
unusual:强调“与众不同的、罕见的”,指事物或现象偏离常规,程度比rare稍弱。
Iare:侧重“稀有、珍贵的”,指因数量少而罕见,如rare animals(珍稀动物)。
同义替换:
uncommon,rare
高中必修第一册重庆大学版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
例句:
It's unusual for him to arrive late.He's always on time.
2.usual/ju3ual/ad.通常的:寻常的;惯常的
词义辨析:
usal:表示“惯常的、习惯性的”,强调符合日常规律,如usual time(往常时间)。
normal:侧重“正常的、标准的”,指符合一般情况或标准,如normal temperature(正常体温)。
同义替换:
regular,customary
例句:
She arrived at the usual time this morning
3.current/'krnt/adj.当前的;现在的:通用的n.水流:电流:潮流
词义辨析:
current(adj.):强调“目前的、现存的”,如current situation(当前形势)。
present::侧重“现在的、在场的”,可指时间或状态,如present moment(此刻)。
同义替换:
present,ongoing
例句:
The current president will give a speech tonight.
4.protection /pr3'tekn/n.保护;防护
词义辨析:
protection:指“保护的行为或状态”,强调对人或事物的守护,如environmental protection(环
境保护)。
defence:侧重“防御、抵御”,指对抗攻击或危险,如national defence(国防)。
同义替换:
safeguard,shelter
例句:
Wearing masks is an important protection against viruses.
5.establish/I'staeblif/v.建立;创立;确立
词义辨析:
establish:强调“稳固地建立”,可指组织、制度、关系等,如establish a company(创办公司)。
found:侧重“打下基础”,尤指创立机构或组织,如found a university(创办大学)。
同义替换:
found,set up
例句:
The school was established in 1950.
2
高中必修第一册重庆大学版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
6.declare/d'kle(r)/v.宣布:声明:宣称
词义辨析:
declare:指“正式公开地宣布”,常涉及官方或严肃场合,如declare war(宣战)。
announce:
侧重“通知、告知”,将信息公之于众,如announce a meeting(宣布会议)。
同义替换:
announce,proclaim
例句:
The government declared a state of emergency.
7.witness/'witnas/v.目击;见证;作证n.目击者;证人;证据
词义辨析:
witness(v.):强调“亲眼目睹”,如witness an accident(目击事故)。
see:泛指“看见”,不强调“见证”的正式性。
同义替换:
see,observe
例句:
She witnessed the car crash with her own eyes.
8.prove /pru:v/V.证明;证实;显示
词义辨析:
prove:强调“通过证据或事实证明”,如prove a theory(证明理论)。
confirm:侧重“确认、证实”已知信息,如confirm a reservation(确认预订)。
同义替换:
confirm,demonstrate
例句:
The experiment proved his hypothesis was correct.
9.select/sI'lekt/v.选择;挑选;选拔/'si:lekt/adj.精选的;优等的
词义辨析:
select(v.):指“仔细挑选”,强调选择的过程和标准,如select a gift(挑选礼物)。
choose::泛指“选择”,应用范围更广,如choose a book(选一本书)。
同义替换:
choose,pick
例句:
We need to select the best candidate for the job.
10.title/tatl/n.标题:题目:头衔:称号
3
高中必修第一册重庆大学版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
词义辨析:
title:指“书籍、文章的标题”或“头衔”,如book title(书名)。
headline:特指“新闻标题”,如newspaper headline(新闻头条)。
同义替换:
heading,name
例句:
The title of the article is"How to Protect Endangered Species".
l1.reality /ri'elti/n.现实;实际情况:真实
词义辨析:
reality:指“客观存在的现实”,如face reality(面对现实)。
tuth:侧重“真相、事实”,与谎言相对,如tell the truth(说实话)。
同义替换:
truth,actuality
例句:
His dream finally became a reality.
12.species/'spi:fi:zn.物种;种类
词义辨析:
species:指“生物物种”,单复数同形,如endangered species(濒危物种)。
kind:泛指“种类”,可指人或事物,如a kind of flower(一种花)。
同义替换:
type,sort
例句:
This area is home to many rare species of birds.
l3.shade/eid/n.阴凉处;树荫;阴影;色度v.遮蔽:使阴暗
词义辨析:
shade(n.):指“树荫、阴凉处”,强调遮挡阳光的区域,如sit in the shade(坐在树荫下)。
shadow:侧重“影子”,由物体遮挡光线形成,如tree shadow(树影)。
同义替换:
shelter.shadow
例句:
We rested in the shade of a big tree.
14.policy/pplasi/n.政策;方针;保险单
词义辨析:
policy:指“政府或机构的政策”,如environmental policy(环境政策)。
strategy:侧重“战略、策略”,指为达成目标的计划,如marketing strategy(营销策略)。
高中必修第一册重庆大学版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
同义替换:
policy,guideline
例句:
The government introduced a new policy to protect wildlife.
综合演练
综合练习
一、
单项选择
1.It is for him to get up late on weekends,but today he woke up at 6 a.m
A.usual
B.normal
C.current
2.Thesituation requires immediate action from the government.
A.present
B.current
C.ongoing
3.The local government has_a new policy to protect endangered species.
A.established
B.declared
C.founded
4.This nature reserve provides for rare birds and animals.
A.defence
B.shelter
C.safeguard
5.She the accident while waiting for the bus.
A.saw
B.witnessed
C.observed
6.The experiment that plants grow faster in sunlight.
A.confirmed
B.proved
C.demonstrated
7.They plan toa new company focused on environmental protection.
高中必修第一册重庆大学版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
A.set up
B.found
C.establish
8.The president willthe new environmental laws in tomorrow's speech.
A.announce
B.declare
C.proclaim
9.This area is home to manyspecies of insects.
A.unusual
B.rare
C.uncommon
10.Theof the book is"A History of Modern Art".
A.headline
B.name
C.title
二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.Wearing sunscreen is an important_()against UV rays.
2.The school was_()in 1995 and has a history of over 25 years.
3.The government (a new plan to reduce air pollution last week.
4.We need to (the best team members for the project.
5.The_(当前的)economic crisis affects many small businesses..
6.Children should learn to face_(现实)bravely..
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The company has(establish)a new branch in Shanghai this year.
2.She(declare)her decision to resign from the position yesterday.
3.The witness_(prove)that he was at the scene of the crime.
4.We need to take(protect)measures to save the wild animals.
5.The(current)of the river is too strong for swimming.
6
高中必修第一册重庆大学版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
四、完成句子(每空一词)
1.这座博物馆建于1960年。
The museumin 1960
2.戴口罩是预防病毒的有效方法。
Wearing masks is an effective_
_viruses.
3.他很少迟到,但今天是个例外。
It is for him to be late,but today is an exception.
4.政府宣布进入紧急状态以应对自然灾害。
The government
emergency to deal with the natural disaster.
五、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
The Amazon rainforest(1)-(witness/see)many changes over the past decades.Due to deforestation,
some(2)(rare/unusual)species are now in danger.To solve this problem,the local government has
(3)-(establish/found)several nature reserves and (4)-(declare/announce)strict laws against illegal
logging.These measures provide(5)(protection/defence)for the forest ecosystem.Scientists have
(6)_(prove/confirm)that these efforts are starting to show results.Now,the(7)(current/present)
situation is improving,and more animals are returning to their habitats.
参考答案
I单项选择
1.A2B3B4.B5.B6.B7.C8B9B10.C
Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.protection
2.established 3.declared
4.select 5.current
6.reality
ⅡI.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.established 2.declared 3.proved 4.protective
5.current
V.完成句子
1.was established 2.protection against
3.unusual
4.declared a state of
V.语篇填空
1.has witnessed
2.rare 3.established 4.declared 5.protection
6.proved
7.current