Unit 5 History and the World - Reading Actively-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（重庆大学版）

高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【Uits】 History and the World-Reading Acively 词义辨析精讲 【Unit5】History and the World-Reading Acively 重庆大学版·高中选择性必修第四册 本单元核心词汇 全部单元单词 anxious/e)ks/adj.焦虑的：担 reluctantly /rI'lAktantli/adv.interpretation /m,t3:pra'terfn/n. 忧的；渴望的 情愿地；勉强地 解释；说明；诠释 anxiety/e'zarati/n.焦虑：忧虑；surrender/s'renda()/v.m.投integrity /m'tegrati/n.诚实；正 渴望 降：屈服：交出：放弃 直；完整 horrified/hDrifaid adj.惊g骇的；appealing'pi:l/adj.有吸引philosopher/fa'lpsafa(r)/n.哲学 受惊吓的 力的：动人的：恳求的 家：哲人 terrified/'terifaid/adj.非常害怕duration/dju'reun/n.持续时间： 的：极度惊恐的 期间 词义辨析及同义替换 1.anxious/'ek∫3s/adj.焦虑的：担忧的：渴望的 词义辨析： anxious: 侧重因不确定的未来或潜在风险而感到”焦虑的、担忧的”，也可表示”渴望的”，强调 内心的不安。 worried:含义更直接，仅表示”担心的、忧虑的”，程度比anxious稍弱，更口语化。 同义替换： worried,concerned 例句： She is anxious about her son's safety in the storm. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The mother was_about her daughter who hadn't come home yet. A.angry B.anxious C.excited(答案：B) 2.anxiety /a1)'zarati//n.焦虑：忧虑；渴望 1 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【Unit 5】 History and the World-Reading Acively 词义辨析： anxiety:抽象名词，指”焦虑的状态或情绪'，可用于描述内心的不安或对某事的渴望。 worry: 既可作名词也可作动词，作名词时侧重”具体的担忧事项'，更口语化。 同义替换： worry,concern 例句： His anxiety about the exam kept him awake all night 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试） Too much_can affect your health,so try to relax. A.anxiety B.happiness C.interest(答案：A) 3.horrified/'hpr faid/adj.惊骇的：受惊吓的 词义辨析： horrified:强调因目睹可怕、残忍的事物而感到”极度震惊和恐惧”，程度较深。 terrified:侧重因直接面临危险或威胁而感到'极度害怕、惊恐”，强调生理上的恐惧反应。 同义替换： shocked,appalled 例句： She was horrified by the sight of the accident 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册阅读拓展） They were_when they heard the terrible news. A.horrified B.excited C.bored (答案：A) 4.terrified/'terfaid/adj.非常害怕的：极度惊恐的 词义辨析： terrified:指因恐惧而'无法自控的害怕”，常与of搭配(be terrified of)。 frightened:普通用词，指'感到害怕的'，程度较terrified轻。 同义替换： scared,frightened 例句： The child was terrified of the dark and refused to sleep alone. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册语法填空） She was so(terrify)that she couldn't move.(答案：terrified) 5.surrender./sa'renda(r)/v.n.投降：屈服：交出；放弃 词义辨析： surrender:作动词时，可指’军事上投降'或”情感上屈服于某种力量”；作名词时表示'投降行 为”。 yild:侧重”因压力或无法抵抗而屈服”，也可指”产出（作物等）”。 2 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【Unit 5】 History and the World-Reading Acively 同义替换： yield,give up 例句： The enemy had no choice but to surrender 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册阅读理解） After days of fighting,the soldiers were forced to A.surrender B.attack C.逃跑（答案：A) 6.appealing为'pi:l四/adj.有吸引力的：动人的；恳求的 词义辨析： appealing:既可指”事物有吸引力的”，也可指”人或表情带有恳求意味的”。 attractive: 仅指外表或内在具有吸引力的”，不包含”恳求”含义。 同义替换： attractive,charming 例句： The idea of traveling to Tibet is very appealing to me. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册完形填空） Her_smile made everyone like her A.appealing B.angry C.sad (答案：A) 7.interpretation/mt3pr3'ten/n.解释；说明；诠释 词义辨析： interpretation:指对文字、艺术、行为等的'理解和诠释”，强调主观性和多角度性。 explanation:侧重对”原因、过程的解释说明”，更侧重客观事实的陈述。 同义替换： explanation,understanding 例句： Different people may have different interpretations of this poem. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册阅读理解） The author's_of the story surprised many readers A.interpretation B.invention C.memory (答案：A) 8.ntegrity/n'tegrati//n.诚实；正直；完整 词义辨析： integrity:指”道德上的诚实正直”或？事物的完整性”，是正式用词。 honesty:普通用词，仅指”不说谎、不欺骗的品质”。 同义替换： honesty,uprightness 3 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【Unit 5】 History and the World-Reading Acively 例句： He is a man of integrity and never tells lies. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册写作素材） We should always keep our and do the right thing. A.integrity B.wealth C.health (答案：A) 9.philosopher /fa'lDsf3(r/n.哲学家：哲人 词义辨析： philosoph:指”研究哲学的学者”，强调学术身份。 thinker:泛指”思考者、思想家”，范围更广，不一定局限于哲学领域。 同义替换： thinker,sage 例句： Socrates is a famous ancient Greek philosopher. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册文化拓展） Plato was a great_who influenced Western philosophy. A.philosopher B.scientist C.artist(答案：A) l0.duration/ju'ren/n.持续时间；期间 词义辨析： duration:正式用词，指”某事物持续的时间段”，常用搭配for the duration of。 period:普通用词，指”一段时间”，可长可短，范围更广。 同义替换： period,length 例句： The duration of the meeting is about two hours. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册听力训练） What is the _of the course? A.duration B.price C.place (答案：A) l1.reluctantly/r'IAktantli/adv.不情愿地；勉强地 词义辨析： reluctantly:副词，强调”内心不愿意但被迫做某事”。 unwillingly:含义与reluctantly相近，但更口语化。 同义替换： unwillingly,grudgingly 例句： He reluctantly agreed to help his brother with the homework. 4 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【Unit 5】 History and the World-Reading Acively 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册完形填空） She(reluctant)handed over her phone to the teacher. (答案：reluctantly) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The mother was_about her daughter who hadn't come home yet. A.angry B.anxious C.excited 2.Too much_can affect your health,so try to relax. A.anxiety B.happiness C.interest 3.They werewhen they heard the terrible news. A.horrified B.excited C.bored 4.After days of fighting,the soldiers were forced to. A.surrender B.attack C.escape 5.Hersmile made everyone like her. A.appealing B.angry C.sad 6.The author's_of the story surprised many readers. A.interpretation B.invention C.memory 7.We should always keep ourand do the right thing. A.integrity B.wealth 5 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【Uits】 History and the World-Reading Acively C.health 8.Plato was a great_who influenced Western philosophy. A.philosopher B.scientist C.artist 9.What is theof the course? A.duration B.price C.place 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.She felt a strong a to win the competition 2.His aabout the exam kept him awake all night 3.The witness was h_by the violent scene. 4.The child is tof the dark and refuses to sleep alone. 5.The enemy had no choice but to s. 6.The idea of traveling to space is very a to young people. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She was so(terrify)that she couldn't move. 2.He(reluctant)handed over his phone to the teacher 3.Different people may have different(interpret)of this painting. 4.A man of(integrate)will never break his promise. 5.Socrates is a famous ancient Greek(philosophy). 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.她因不确定的未来而感到焦虑。 She felt_about the uncertain future. 2.过度忧虑会影响你的睡眠。 Too much_can affect your sleep. 6 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【Uits】 History and the World-Reading Acively 3.看到事故现场，她感到惊骇。 She was by the sight of the accident. 4.他不情愿地同意了这个计划。 Heagreed to the plan 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A philosopher once said,"The(long)of life depends on one's integrity."A young man heard this and began to think about its(interpret).He was(anxiety)that he might not live a meaningful life.One day,he saw a child(terrify)of a dog and helped the child.The child's mother thanked him,and he felt a sense of fulfillment.Later,he faced a choice:to keep a secret for money or tell the truth.With his(integrate),he chose the latter.Though he got little money,he slept well at night. He realized that true happiness comes from being honest.From then on,he lived_(reluctant)no more and always did the right thing. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.B2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.anxiety 2.anxiety 3.horrified 4.terrified 5.surrender 6.appealing I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.terrified 2.reluctantly 3.interpretations 4.integrity 5.philosopher V.完成句子 1.anxious 2.anxiety 3.horrified 4.reluctantly V.语篇填空 1.duration 2.interpretation 3.anxious 4.terrified 5.integrity 6.reluctantly