Unit 1 Culture in Names-Reading Actively-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（重庆大学版）

高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 精讲专版 【Unit 1】Culture in Names-Reading Acively 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 truthful/'tru:fl/adj.诚实的；真 态 childish/'tJarldif/adj..幼稚的：孩 实的 patriotic/,pertri'ptrk/adj..爱国子气的 apart /a'pa:t/adv..分开；相距： 的；有爱国心的 popularity /.pDpju'laerati/n. 单独 patriot/pertriat/n.爱国者；爱行：普及；受欢迎 bake /beik/v.烘烤；焙 国主义者 respected/rI'spektid/adj.受尊敬 shorten/∫btn/v.缩短：变短responsible /rI'sppnsabl/adj.有的；受敬重的 lengthen/'Ie)m/v.(使)变长；责任的：负责的 old-fashioned aold 'faefnd/adj. 延长 stability/sta'brlati/n.稳定（性）：老式的；过时的：守的 status/'steitas/n.地位：身份：状稳固（性） 词义辨析及同义替换 1.truthful/'tu:θfl/adj.诚实的：真实的 词义辨析： truthful:侧重形容人“诚实的”或陈述“真实的”，强调与事实一致，含褒义，形容词。 honest:含义更广泛，可指“诚实的、正直的”，也可指“坦诚的”，使用场景更日常。 同义替换： honest,sincere 例句： She is always truthful about her feelings,so everyone trusts her. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） It's important to be with your parents when you make mistakes. A.truthful B.silent C.proud (答案：A) 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 2.responsible/r'sppnsabl/adj.有责任的：负责的 词义辨析： responsible:强调“对某事或某人负有责任的”，或“可靠的、尽职尽责的”，搭配be responsible for。 liable:侧重“法律上或道义上有责任的”，语气较正式，也可指“易…的”（如liable to rain)。 同义替换： dutiful,accountable 例句： As a monitor,he is responsible for keeping the class in order 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试） Parents are for their children's education and safety. A.patient B.responsible C.popular (答案：B) 3.shorten∫btn/v.缩短；变短 lengthen/len/v.(使)变长：延长 词义辨析： shorten:及物动词，指“使长度、时间、距离等缩短”，反义词是lengthen。 lengthen:及物或不及物动词，指“使变长、延长”，可用于具体事物（如lengthen a dress)或抽 象概念（如lengthen the meeting)。 同义替换： shorten-cut short,reduce lengthen-extend,stretch 例句： (1)We need to shorten the report to 500 words. (2)The days lengthen in spring 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册课后练习） The teacher asked us to the article by removing unnecessary details. A.shorten B.lengthen C.bake (答案：A) 4.popularity/.pDpju'arti/n.流行；普及：受欢迎 词义辨析： popularity:不可数名词，指“受欢迎的程度”或“流行的状态”，搭配gain/grow in popularity。 fame:指“名气、声誉”，侧重因成就或特点被广泛知晓，可指好名声或坏名声。 同义替换： prevalence,vogue 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 例句： Online shopping has gained great popularity among young people. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册阅读拓展) The singer's rose quickly after her first hit song A.stability B.popularity C.status (答案：B) 5.patriotic/.pertri'otk/adj.爱国的：有爱国心的 patriot/petriat/n.爱国者；爱国主义者 词义辨析： patriotic:形容词，指“具有爱国精神的”，修饰人或行为（如patriotic songs)。 patriot:名词，指“爱国者”，强调身份，其形容词形式即patriotic。 同义替换： patriotic→nationalistic(注：nationalistic含“民族主义的”，语境需谨慎》 patriot→nationalist(同上) 例句： (1)His speech was full of patriotic feelings. (2)A true patriot always puts the country's interests first 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试) The students sang songs to celebrate National Day A.patriotic B.childish C.old-fashioned (答案：A) 6.stability/st'bIlati/n.稳定（性）：稳固（性） 词义辨析： stability:不可数名词，指“状态、局势、结构等的稳定”，反义词是instability。 steadiness:指“平稳、稳定”，侧重动作或状态的持续不变（如steadiness of hand)。 同义替换： steadiness,firmness 例句： Economic stability is important for people's living standards. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册时政阅读） The government is taking measures to ensure the of prices A.popularity B.stability C.status (答案：B) 3 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 7.apat/A'pat/adv.分开；相距；单独 词义辨析： apat:副词，指“空间或时间上分开”，搭配apart from(除…之外)、far apart（相距遥远)。 separate::作副词时意为“分别地、单独地”，作动词时指“使分开”，形容词separate意为“分 开的”。 同义替换： separately,aside 例句： The two villages are five kilometers apart. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册语法填空） My brother and I live now-he in Beijing and I in Shanghai. A.apart B.together C.still (答案：A) 8.respected/rI'spektid/adj.受尊敬的：受敬重的 词义辨析： respected:形容词，指“被他人尊敬的”，强调被动含义，搭配be respected by。 respectable:指“值得尊敬的、体面的”，强调自身品质（如a respectable teacher)。 同义替换： honored,esteemed 例句： The old professor is respected by all his students for his knowledge and kindness. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册完形填空） Mr.Li has worked in the school for 30 years and is a teacher A.respected B.childish C.old-fashioned (答案：A) 9.childish/'t∫arldif/adj.幼稚的：孩子气的 词义辨析： childish:含贬义，指“幼稚的、不成熟的”，强调符合孩子特点但不适用于成人。 childlike:含褒义，指“天真的、孩子般的”，强调纯真或坦率（如childlike curiosity)。 同义替换： immature,puerile 例句： It's childish to argue over such a small thing. 4 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 真题链接： (重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册阅读理解) Her behavior made her classmates laugh,but her teacher thought it was inappropriate. A.childish B.patriotic C.helpful (答案：A) 10.old-fashioned/,auld 'faend/adj..老式的：过时的：守的 词义辨析： old-fashioned:指“风格、观念等过时的、守的”，反义词是fashionable。 outdated:侧重“因时间推移而不再适用的”（如outdated information),语气较正式。 同义替换： outdated,obsolete 例句： She still uses an old-fashioned camera instead of a digital one 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册七选五） Wearing clothes may make you feel uncomfortable at a modern party. A.old-fashioned B.truthful C.responsible (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.Being is important in any relationship-no one likes lies. A.truthful B.silent C.proud 2.Teachers are for guiding students and helping them grow. A.patient B.responsible C.popular 3.To save time,we need to the meeting to 30 minutes. A.shorten B.lengthen C.bake 5 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 4.The new app has gained great among teenagers in recent months A.stability B.popularity C.status 5.On National Day,people often sing songs to show love for their country. A.patriotic B.childish C.old-fashioned 6.The government is working hard to maintain economic during the crisis. A.popularity B.stability C.status 7.My best friend andI live now-she in London and I in Paris. A.apart B.together C.still 8.Professor Wang has been teaching for 40 years and is a expert in his field A.respected B.childish C.old-fashioned 9.It's to cry over a broken toy at your age. A.childish B.patriotic C.helpful 10.Wearing clothes might make you stand out at a modern fashion show. A.old-fashioned B.truthful C.responsible 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.It'sbetter to be t than to hide the truth from others. 2.As a citizen,everyone should be r for protecting the environment. 3.Can you s_ this skirt?It's too long for me 4.The p of online learning has increased since the pandemic. 6 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 5. We sang p songs at the school's National Day celebration. 6.Thes of the building depends on its foundation. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She is always (truth)with her parents,so they trust her completely. 2.Parents have the (responsible)to care for their children 3.The days (short)in winter,so it gets dark early. 4.The (popular)of traditional festivals is growing among young people. 5.He delivered a (patriot)speech that moved everyone in the audience. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.父母应该对孩子的健康负责。 Parents should be their children's health 2.我们需要缩短这篇文章的长度。 We need to the of this article. 3.这部电影在年轻人中很受欢迎。 This movie is great among young people. 4.这两个城市相距大约100公里。 The two cities are about 100 kilometers 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Zhang Weiis a (truth)boy who never tells lies.As the class monitor,he is (responsibe) for keeping order.Last week,he helped. (shorten)the class meeting by removing unnecessary topics.His actionswon him great(popular)among classmates.On National Day,he organized a (patriotic)song contest.Everyone said he was a (respect)leader. 参考答案 7 高中选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 I.单项选择 1.A2B3.A4.B5.A6B7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.truthful 2.responsible 3.shorten 4.popularity 5.patriotic 6.stability I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.truthful 2.responsibility 3.shorten 4.popularity 5.patriotic V.完成句子 1.responsible for 2.shorten;length 3.of;popularity 4.apart V语篇填空 1.truthful 2.responsible 3.shorten 4.popularity 5.patriotic 6respected P