Unit 3 Back to the past一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（译林版）

高中译林版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第三册 核心词汇 【Unit3】Back to the past 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 breadth /brede/n.宽度；广泛 acknowledge/k'nDlid3/v.承认captain/'kaeptm/n.船长，机长： convince /kan'vns/t.使确信，（权威、地位）：承认（属实）：（公上校：队长 使相信：说服，劝说 开)感谢 allow for使成为可能：考虑到， voyage/'voud/n.航海，航行，influential/,mflu'en/adj.有很把…计算在内 航天；vi.航行，远行 大影响力的，有支配力的 kingdom/'k)dem/n.王国；管 fleet/fli:t/n.舰队：捕鱼船队：车insist/m'sIst/vi.&t.坚决要求，辖范围 队 坚持；坚持说 astonish /a'stonIf/vt..使十分惊 navigate/'naevigeit/vt.航行；导route /ru:t/n.路线，路途；途径，讶，使吃惊 航：vi.导航 渠道 royal /'roIal/adj.盛大的，庄严 on behalf of代表（或代替）：为financial /far'naen/adj.财政的，的；皇家的，王室的 帮助：为了 金融的，财务的 tomb/um/n.坟墓 load/aud/t.&vi.装上，装入：depart/d'pat/vi.&t.离开，起literary/'tri/ad.文学的，文 n.负载：承载量；大量 程 学上的：爱好文学的 compass/'kmp3s/n.罗盘，指shortage/'f:tidk/n.不足，短缺extensively/k'stensivli/adv.广 南针：圆规 leak /li:k/vi.漏，渗漏；渗入；t.阔地：广泛地 log /Ipg/n.航海日志，正式记录；漏，渗漏；泄露：n.漏洞 facilitate/f'stert/t.使便利， 原木：vi.&t.伐木 panic/penk/n.惊恐，恐慌；vi.促进 strengthen/'stre)n/t.&Vi.加&vt.(panicked,panicked)(使)惊sort out理顺，整理；把…安排 强，增强 慌 好 harmonious /ha:'maunias/adj.regardless /rI'ga:dlas/ad.不顾，available/a'veilobl/adj.可获得 友好和睦的：协调的，和谐的不加理会：regardless of不管，不的，可找到的；有空的 dismiss/ds'mIs/t.不予考虑，顾 prison/'prz/n.监狱 对…不屑一提；去除，摒除：解shore/:()/n.岸，滨 minister/'mmIsta(r)/n.大臣，部 雇：解散 subsequent/'SAbsikwant/adj.随长 proof /pru:fn.证据，证明 后的，后来的 词义辨析及同义替换 高中译林版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第三册 1.convince/kan'vns/t.使确信，使相信：说服，劝说 词义辨析： convince:侧重通过逻辑、证据或道理“使某人信服”，搭配为convince sb.of sth.或convince sb to do sth.。 persuade:强调“成功说服某人做某事”，搭配为persuade sb.to do sth.,语气比convince更侧重 结果。 同义替换： persuade,assure 例句： The scientist tried to convince the public of the importance of environmental protection.(译林版高中 选择性必修三单元练习) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修三同步测评） She finally her parents to let her study abroad. A.suggested B.convinced C.prevented (答案：B) 2.strengthen/'strenen/vt.&vi.加强，增强 词义辨析： strengthen:强调通过具体措施“增强力量、巩固关系或地位”，既可及物也可不及物。 enhance: 侧重“提高价值、质量或吸引力”，多用于抽象事物，如enhance reputation。 同义替换： reinforce,boost 例句： Regular exercise can strengthen your immune system.(译林版高中选择性必修三课文原句) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修三单元检测） The new policy is expected to the cooperation between the two countries A.strengthen B.weaken C.ignore(答案：A) 3.acknowledge/ak'nwld3/t.承认（权威、地位）：承认（属实）：（公开）感谢 词义辨析： acknowledge:正式承认事实、错误或他人的贡献，搭配为acknowledge sth./doing sth.。 admit:侧重因证据或压力“勉强承认”，搭配为admit doing sth.或admit that..。 同义替换： admit,recognize 例句： He acknowledged having made a mistake in the experiment.(译林版高中选择性必修三课后练习) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修三期中模拟） The company finally responsibility for the accident. A.denied B.acknowledged C.forgot (答案：B) 高中译林版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第三册 4.insist/m'sIst/vi.&t.坚决要求，坚持：坚持说 词义辨析： insist:作“坚决要求”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气(should-+动词原形)：作“坚持说”时，从句 用陈述语气。 persista:侧重“固执地坚持做某事”，搭配为persist in doing sth.。 同义替换： persist,maintain 例句： She insisted that we(should)attend the meeting on time.(译林版高中选择性必修三语法填空) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修三期末复习） He that he was innocent,but no one believed him A.insisted B.refused C.pretended(答案：A) 5.regardless'ga:dlas/adv.不顾，不加理会；regardless of不管，不顾 词义辨析： regardless of:后接名词或名词短语，表“不管…如何”，引导让步状语。 in spite of:与regardless of同义，但语气更强，后接名词或动名词。 同义替换： despite,in spite of 例句： He continued working regardless of his illness.(译林版高中选择性必修三阅读拓展) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修三单元练习） the bad weather,they decided to set off as planned. A.Instead of B.Regardless of C.Because of(答案：B) 6.subsequent/'SAbsikwant/adj.随后的，后来的 词义辨析： subsequent:强调时间上“紧随其后的”，多用于书面语，搭配为subsequent to sth.。 following:指“接下来的”，可用于时间或顺序，如the following day。 同义替换： following,later 例句： The accident and its subsequent effects caused great concern.(译林版高中选择性必修三课文注释) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修三同步练习） In the years,he made great achievements in his career. A.previous B.subsequent C.permanent (答案：B) 7.facilitate/fa'silitert/vt.使便利，促进 高中译林版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第三册 词义辨析： facilitate:侧重“为某事提供便利或创造条件”，主语多为物，如technology facilitates communi- cation promote:强调“推动发展、促进进步”，如promote economic growth。 同义替换： promote,assist 例句： The new software facilitates data analysis for researchers.(译林版高中选择性必修三单元project) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修三模块检测） The government has taken measures tothe development of small businesses. A.facilitate B.hinder C.abandon (答案：A) 8.available/A'verlabl/adj.可获得的，可找到的：有空的 词义辨析： available:指某物“可得到的”或某人“有空的”，搭配为be available for sth./to do sth.。 accessible:侧重“可到达的、易理解的”，如accessible information。 同义替换： obtainable,free 例句： Tickets for the concert are available online now.（译林版高中选择性必修三听力材料) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修三期末检测〉 Is there any room in the hotel for tonight? A.available B.comfortable C.expensive (答案：A) 9.voyage/voud3/n.航海，航行，航天：i.航行，远行 词义辨析： voyage:多指“水上或太空的长途航行”，如a voyage to the moon。. journey:泛指“陆上、水上或空中的旅行”，侧重过程，如a long joumey。 同义替换： sail,expedition 例句： Columbus completed his voyage to America in 1492.(译林版高中选择性必修三历史背景阅读) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修三单元练习） The across the Atlantic Ocean took them two months. A.voyage B.trip C.tour (答案：A) l0.dismiss/ds'mis/vt.不予考虑，对…不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇：解散 4 高中译林版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第三册 词义辨析： dismiss:作“解雇”时，指因过失或不需要而开除；作“不予考虑”时，如dismiss an idea。 fire:口语化“解雇”，强调突然终止雇佣关系。 同义替换： fire,reject 例句： The manager decided to dismiss the employee for being late repeatedly.(译林版高中选择性必修三 案例分析) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修三同步测评） He _the suggestion as unrealistic without further discussion. A.accepted B.dismissed C.considered(答案：B) 11.financial /far'nen/adj.财政的，金融的，财务的 词义辨析： financial:侧重“与金钱、财政相关的”，如financial crisis,financial support。 economic: 指“经济的、与国家经济相关的”，如economic growth。 同义替换： monetary,fiscal 例句： The company is facing serious financial difficulties.(译林版高中选择性必修三新闻报道) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修三单元检测） The government has introduced newpolicies to help small businesses. A.cultural B.financial C.social(答案：B) l2.panic/'penk/n.惊恐，恐慌；vi.&t.(panicked,panicked)(使)惊慌 词义辨析： panic:指因突发危险“极度恐慌”，强调失控感，如panic buying。 far:普通用词，“害怕、恐惧”，可指对具体事物或抽象概念的恐惧。 同义替换： fear,alarm 例句： The crowd panicked when the fire broke out.(译林版高中选择性必修三安全知识阅读) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修三期末模拟） There's no need to _we can solve the problem calmly. A.panic B.relax C.lagh(答案：A) 综合演练 高中译林版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第三册 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The scientist spent years trying to the world of the importance of climate change. A.suggest B.convince C.prevent 2.Regular exercise and a balanced diet can your physical health effectively. A.strengthen B.weaken C.ignore 3.After the investigation,the company finally its mistake in product design. A.denied B.acknowledged C.forgot 4.She that we should start the project immediately,but most team members disagreed. A.insisted B.refused C.pretended 5. the heavy rain,the outdoor concert will still be held as planned. A.Instead of B.Regardless of C.Because of 6.In the months after the accident,he received many letters of support from strangers. A.previous B.subsequent C.permanent 7.New technology has greatly communication between people from different countries. A.facilitated B.hindered C.abandoned 8.Is there any parking space near the shopping mall during weekends? A.available B.comfortable C.expensive 6 高中译林版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第三册 9.Magellan's around the world proved that the Earth is round. A.voyage B.trip C.tour 10.The manager the new proposal as impractical without even reading it carefully. A.accepted B.dismissed C.considered 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The company is facing f problems due to poor management this year 2.When the fire broke out,people in the building started to p and rush to the exits. 3.The shortest r from the city center to the airport is via the new highway. 4.She a her mistake in front of the whole class and promised to correct it 5.The government has introduced new policies to sthe relationship with neighboring countries. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The team leader (insist)that we(should)hold a meeting before making the final decision. 2.He continued working(regardless)of his serious illness. 3.The accident and its (subsequent)effects caused a lot of public discussion. 4.The new software (facilitate)data sharing among different departments of the company. 5.She (acknowledge)having received the invitation but was unable to attend the meeting. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.我们需要采取措施来加强团队合作。 We need to take measures to 2.他不顾父母的反对，坚持要出国留学。 He studying abroad his parents'opposition. 3.这家公司最终承认对这次事故负有责任。 The company finally for the accident. 7 高中译林版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第三册 4.新技术促进了不同文化之间的交流。 New technology has between different cultures. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Scientists have long warned about climate change,but it is difficult to (convince/persuade) everyone of itsurgency.In recent years,extreme weather events have (strengthened/enhanced) public awareness.For example,a severe flood last summer caused great damage,and its (subsequent/following)impact on agriculture led to food shortages. Governments worldwide have started to take action.They have introduced (finan- cial/economic)policies to supportrenewable energy and(facilitate/promote)green technology. However,some people still(dismiss/ignore)the problem,believing it is not their responsibil- ity. Experts (insist/persist)that individual actions matter too.Using public transport instead of private cars,reducing waste,and saving energy can all help.(Regardless/Despite)of how small these actions seem,they contribute to a better future. 参考答案 I单项选择 1B2.A3B4.A5.B6B7.A8.A9.A10B Ⅱ.首字母提示填空 1.financial 2.panic 3.route 4.acknowledged 5.strengthen I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.insisted 2.regardless 3.subsequent 4.facilitates 5.acknowledged V.完成句子 1.strengthen team cooperation 2.insisted on;regardless of 3.acknowledged responsibility 4.facilitated communication V.语篇填空 1.convince 2.strengthened 3.subsequent 4.financial 5.facilitate 6.dismiss 7.insist 8.Regardless P