Unit 3 Fit for life二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（译林版）

选择性必修第二册译林版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 Unit3】Fit for life 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 ripe /rarp/ad.成熟的：时机成专利证书：/'pertnt/adj.有专利 solid/'sDld/adj.实心的；固体 熟的；a ripe old age高龄 的，受专利保护的 的：结实的；纯色的 withdraw /wi'dro:/i.&t.fuel/'fju:a/t.增加，刺激：给switch/swit//vi.&t.转变：交 (withdrew,.withdrawn)脱离（社…提供燃料；n.燃料 换：调班；n.开关，闸；转变， 会)，不与人交往：（使）撤回，（使）disturb/dst3b/t.使不安；打改变 退出：停止提供 扰：搅乱 *stainless/'stemlas/adj.不生锈 equip'kwp/t.配备：使有能tackle/'te/t.应付，处理，解的 力 决 steel/sti:lVn.钢；钢铁工业 artificial/.ati'f/adj.人工的，head-on/,hed'on/adv.积极地，millimetre'milimi:ta(t)/(AmE 人造的：人为的：虚假的 果断地：正面相撞地：adj.迎头millimeter)n.毫米 *limb /lum/n.肢，臂，腿 相撞的：正面反对的 clinic/'klnk/n.私人诊所：门 rubber'rAba(r)/n.橡胶；橡皮 go to great lengths to do sth竭诊部：门诊时间 outgoing/'aotg3叫/adj.外向的尽全力做某事，不遗余力做某examine.1 g'zaemm/t.检查，检 grateful/'grertfl/adj.感激的，表事 验：审查，调查；考，测试：审 示感谢的 adjust /a'd3Ast/t.&vi.调整，问 disabled1 lIs'erbld/adj..有残疾调节：适应，习惯：整理 *tongue/n.舌头；语言 的，丧失能力的 centimetre/'sentimi:ta(r)/(AnE*pulse /pAls/n.脉搏；Vi.搏动， disability/,dsa'brlati/n.缺陷，centimeter)n.厘米 跳动：洋溢着 障碍 *acupuncture/'aekjupAnkt()/wrist/Ist/n.手腕，腕关节 conventional /kan'venfanl/adj.n.针刺疗法 organ/':g3n/n.器官；风琴：机 传统的，习惯的：依照惯例的，needle/'ni:d/n.针：注射针；指构，机关 遵循习俗的 针 severe/s'vat)/adj.十分严重 leather/'1lea)/n.皮革 evidence/'evidans/n.证据，证的，极为恶劣的：严厉的：艰难 sensory/'sensari/adj.感觉的，明，物证，人证；t.证明，表明的 感官的 date back to追溯到，始于，自 patent/'pertnt;'paetnt/n.专利，…至今 词义辨析及同义替换 选择性必修第二册译林版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 1.artificial/,atr'f/adj.人工的，人造的：人为的：虚假的 词义辨析： artificial:强调“非自然形成、人工制造的”，可指实物（如材料）或抽象概念（如情感、行为）， 含“不真实”意味。 synthetic:侧重“合成的”， 指通过化学方法由简单物质制成的，如合成纤维、合成材料。 同义替换： man-made,synthetic 例句： The dress is made of artificial fur,which looks like real animal fur. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The flowers in the vase are;they will never wither. A.natural B.artificial C.fresh(答案：B) 2.conventional /kan'venfanl/adj.传统的，习惯的：依照惯例的，遵循习俗的 词义辨析： conventional:侧重“符合传统习俗或公认标准的”，强调“常规、不标新立异”。 traditional:指“代代相传的、历史悠久的传统”，更强调文化或历史传承。 同义替换： traditional,customary 例句： He prefers conventional methods of teaching rather than modern technology. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测） In Chinese culture,red is a symbol of good luck. A.conventional B.modern C.traditional(答案：C) 3.adjust /a'd3Ast/t.&vi.调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理 词义辨析： adjust:指“为适应新情况或达到某种目的而调整细节”，可接介词to表示“适应”。 adapt:侧重“改变自身以适应新环境或新需求”，常用搭配adapt to。 同义替换： adapt,regulate 例句： You need to adjust the temperature of the air conditioner to make it more comfortable. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册期中复习题） It took her a long time to to the new school life A.adjust B.adopt C.afford (答案：A) 4.tackle/'tekl/t.应付，处理，解决 2 选择性必修第二册译林版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： tackle:强调“积极主动地着手处理难题或任务”，宾语多为问题、困难等。 handle:侧重“管理、操作或控制某事/物”，可指具体事物或抽象问题。 同义替换： handle,deal with 例句： The government is trying to tackle the problem of air pollution. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） We need to find a way to this complicated situation. A.tackle B.ignore C.escape (答案：A) 5.disturb/d'st3b/t.使不安；打扰：搅乱 词义辨析： disturb:指“打扰他人的安宁或专注”，程度较轻，也可指“扰乱秩序”。 interrupt:强调“打断正在进行的谈话或活动”，使过程中断。 同义替换： interrupt,bother 例句： Please don't disturb me while I'm studying 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测） Sorry to you,but could you tell me the way to the station? A.disturb B.interrupt C.annoy (答案：A) 6.evidence/'evidans/n.证据，证明，物证，人证：t.证明，表明 词义辨析： evidence:指“任何可证明事实的材料或迹象”，是不可数名词，常见搭配为evidence of sth。 proof:侧重“足以令人信服的具体证据”，可数名词，常用搭配为a proof of sth。 同义替换： proof,testimony 例句： There is no evidence that he was at the scene of the crime. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册期末复习题） The police found some to show that he was guilty. A.evidence B.mark C.sign(答案：A) 7.switch/switf/vi.&t.转变：交换；调班：n.开关，闸：转变，改变 词义辨析： switch:作动词时指“突然改变方向、话题或方法”，作名词时指“开关”或“转变”。 change:泛指“任何变化”，可指本质或非本质的改变，使用范围最广。 选择性必修第二册译林版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： change,shift 例句： He decided to switch his major from physics to biology. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） Can you on the light?It's too dark in the room A.switch B.turn C.open (答案：A) 8.severe/s'vIa(r)/adj.十分严重的，极为恶劣的：严厉的：艰难的 词义辨析： severe:强调“程度严重、严厉或苛刻”，可形容天气、疾病、惩罚等。 serious:侧重“严肃的、认真的”，也可指“严重的”，但语气较severe弱。 同义替换： serious,harsh 例句： The area was hit by a severe storm last night 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测） The doctor said his condition was and he needed immediate treatment A.severe B.slight C.mild (答案：A) 9.grateful/'grertfl/adj.感激的，表示感谢的 词义辨析： grateful:侧重“因得到帮助或好处而内心感激”，常用搭配be grateful to sb for sth。 thankful:指“因摆脱困境或得到好运而感到庆幸和感激”，语气较gratefu更口语化。 同义替换： thankful,appreciative 例句： I am grateful to my parents for their support. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） We are for your timely help A.grateful B.harmful C.careful (答案：A) l0.withdraw /wr'dro:/vi.&vt.(withdrew,withdrawn)脱离（社会），不与人交往；（使）撤▣，（使）退 出：停止提供 词义辨析： withdraw:指“从某个场合、活动或关系中退出”，也可指“撤回资金、意见等”。 retreat:侧重“因困难或危险而撤退、退缩”，常指军事或心理上的退缩。 同义替换： retreat,pull out 选择性必修第二册译林版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： He decided to withdraw from the competition due to injury 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册期中复习题） The company announced that it would its products from the market. A.withdraw B.remove C.cancel (答案：A) 11.equip /'kwip/t.配备：使有能力 词义辨析： equip:指“为特定目的而提供必要的设备或技能”，常用搭配equip sb/'sth with sth。 furnish:侧重“为建筑物或房间配备家具、设施”。 同义替换： provide,supply 例句： The school is equipped with modern teaching facilities. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测） We need to the laboratory with new instruments. A.equip B.decorate C.build(答案：A) 12.fuel/'fual/t.增加，刺激：给…提供燃料：n.燃料 词义辨析： fuel(v.):指“给…添加燃料”或“刺激、加剧某种情绪或情况”。 stimulate:侧重“刺激、激发活力或兴趣”，宾语多为人或情感。 同义替换： stimulate,intensify 例句： The argument fueled their anger. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The news public concern about the environment. A.fueled B.reduced C.ignored(答案：A) l3.solid/'splId/adj.实心的：固体的：结实的：纯色的 词义辨析： solid:指“固体的、实心的”，也可形容“结实的、可靠的”。 hard:侧重“坚硬的、困难的”，强调质地或程度。 同义替换： hard,firm 例句： The table is made of solid wood. 5 选择性必修第二册译林版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册期末复习题） Ice is at0℃. A.solid B.liquid C.gas (答案：A) l4.examine1g'zmn/t.检查，检验：审查，调查：考，测试：审问 词义辨析： examine:指“仔细检查以了解情况或发现问题”，也可指“考试、审问”。 check:侧重“核对、检查是否正确或正常”，过程较简略。 同义替换： inspect,scrutinize 例句： The doctor examined the patient carefully before making a diagnosis. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习) The customs officer my passport carefully. A.examined B.checked C.tested (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The new material is not natural;it isand made in the lab. A.artificial B.synthetic C.natural 2.In family traditions,children usually learn to respect elders from a young age. A.conventional B.traditional C.modern 3.After moving to the mountains,it took her three months to to the cold climate. A.adjust B.adapt C.adopt 4.The team leader decided to_the problem of low efficiency directly A.tackle B.handle 6 选择性必修第二册译林版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 C.ignore 5.Please don't the meeting by talking loudly on the phone. A.disturb B.interrupt C.annoy 6.The police foundofthe suspect's presence at the crime scene,such as fingerprints and footprints. A.evidence B.proof C.mark 7.You canthe TV channel by pressing this button on the remote control. A.switch B.change C.turn 8.The patient's condition was sothat he was immediately sent to the intensive care unit. A.severe B.serious C.slight 9.We are to our teachers for their guidance and support during the exam period. A.grateful B.thankful C.harmful 10.The company had toits investment plan due to unexpected market changes. A.withdraw B.retreat C.cancel 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 l.This dress is made of_(人造的)silk,which looks similar to real silk. 2._(传统的)Chinese medicine has a history of thousands of years. 3.You need to _(your study schedule to balance work and rest. 4.The government is taking measures to()the issue of food safety. 5.I'm sorry to()you,but could you pass me the dictionary? 6.There is no(to support his claim that he saw the accident. 7 选择性必修第二册译林版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The factory is(equip)with advanced production lines to improve efficiency. 2.The storm(fuel)public concern about climate change last week. 3.The table is made of(solid)oak,so it is very durable. 4.The doctor_(examine)the patient carefully before making a diagnosis. 5.She_(withdraw)from the competition after injuring her ankle. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.The school library is_()with computers and e-books for students. 2.It's important to()the new environment when studying abroad. 3.The team is trying to (the technical problems in the project. 4.We should be_(感激的)for the opportunities we have to learn and grow. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Scientists have developed a new_(artificial/synthetic)material that can replace plastic.Unlike con- ventional plastic,it is biodegradable and will not harm the environment.To promote its use,the gov- ernment plans to(adjust/adapt)relevant policies and provide funding for production.However, some companies are hesitant to(tackle/handle)the transition due to high costs.Environmentalists argue that(evidence/proof)shows traditional plastic has caused severe pollution,so immediate ac- tion is needed.They are(grateful/thankful)to the scientists for their efforts and hope more people will support the new material. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2B3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.artificial 2.Traditional 3.adjust 4.tackle 5.disturb 6.evidence 8 选择性必修第二册译林版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 ⅡI用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.equipped 2.fueled 3.solid 4.examined 5.withdrew V.完成句子 1.equipped 2.adjust/adapt 3.tackle/deal with 4.grateful/thankful V.语篇填空 artificial;adjust;tackle;evidence;grateful