Unit 3 Fit for life一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（译林版）

高中译林版 【Umit3】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 医学专题 Unit3】Fit for life 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、 全部单元单词 surgeon/'s3:d39n/n.外科医生 程序中的)病毒 步，走来走去：确定速度，调整 physician /fi'zI/n.医师，内科cancer/'kaens()/n.癌症：邪恶，节奏 医生 毒瘤 arise /a'raiz/vi.(arose,arisen) chemist/kemist/.n.药剂师，药identify/ar'dentrfa/vt.找到，发生，出现：（由）引起，（因） 商：化学家 现，确认，认出；显示，说明身产生 dentist/'dentrst/n.牙科医生 份 restrict/rI'stkt/t.限制，限定； specialize/'spefolaIz/(AmE spe-relate/r'let/vi.&t.联系，使束缚，妨碍：约束，管束 cialise)vi. 专门研究（或从事），有联系；叙述，讲述 prohibit/pr3'hbt/t.(尤指以法 专攻 relate to涉及，与…相关 令)禁止：使不可能：prohibit sb *gene/d3i:n/n.基因 means /mi:nz/n.(pl.means)方from doing sth禁止某人做某事 game-changing'gemm tfemnd3四/法，方式；财富，钱财 resistance/rI'zIstans/n.抵抗力； adj.改变游戏规则的（指彻底改delete /dr'lit/t.删去，删除 抵制，反对：抵抗，反抗 变事态发展的) restore/rI''st:r)/vt.恢复；修复；flu /flu:/n.流行性感冒，流感 *genome/'d3i:naum/n.基因组， 使复原，使复位 characteristic kaerakta'rIstik/n. 染色体组 ultim ately/'Altimatli/adv.最终；特征，特点；adj.典型的，独特 cell/sel/n.细胞 根本上 的 being/'bi/n.生物：存在；身abnormal/eb'noml/ad.反常wrestle/res/i.&t.奋力对付， 心 的，畸形的 努力处理：摔跤：wrestle with努 lifespan/'larfspaen/n.寿命，有weapon/wepan/n.武器，手段；力处理，全力解决 效期 兵器 put sth in place准备就绪 affect/A'fekt/t.影响：侵袭，使fundamental/,fnd'mentl/adj.debate/dr'bet/t.&vi.讨论，辩 感染：深深打动 十分重大的，根本的：基础的，基论：仔细考虑，思考：n.讨论， contract /kan'traekt/t.感染本的：n.基本规律，根本法则，争论：辩论 (疾病)：与…订立合同（或契约）：基础 without doubt毫无疑问，的确 /'kontraekt/n.合同，合约 pace /pers/n.发生的速度，节奏；finding/famdu)/n.调查发现，调 irus'varras/n.病毒；（计算机步速；快节奏：vi.&t.来回踱研结果 词义辨析及同义替换 高中译林版 【Umit3】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 1.physician /fi'zn/n.医师，内科医生 词义辨析： physician:指经专业训练、诊断和治疗非手术疾病的医生，尤指内科医生，多用于正式语境。 surgeon: 专指外科医生，负责手术治疗疾病或损伤。 同义替换： doctor,medical doctor 例句： The physician prescribed some medicine for his stomachache 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习) Dr.Smith is a well-known who specializes in treating heart diseases without surgery. A.surgeon B.physician C.dentist (答案：B) 2.affect'fekt/t.影响：侵袭，使感染；深深打动 词义辨析： affect:作动词，侧重”对…产生影响”，宾语多为事物或人，也可指”感染疾病”或情感上打 动”。 influence: 作动词或名词，强调通过间接方式对人或事物产生潜移默化的影响，宾语常为思想、 行为等。 同义替换： influence,impact 例句： Smoking can affect your lung health seriously. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测） The bad weather our plans for a picnic,so we had to stay at home A.affected B.influenced C.solved(答案：A) 3.relate /rI'lert/vi.&vt.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述 词义辨析： relate:作'联系”时，常用搭配relate A to B(把A和B联系起来)：作”叙述时，侧重有条理 地讲述事情。 connecta:强调事物在逻辑、因果或物理上的'连接'，常用connect A with B。 同义替换： associate,link 例句： It is difficult to relate these results to any known cause. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册期中复习题） The teacher asked us to the new words with the pictures in the textbook. A.relate B.connect C.separate(答案：B) 高中译林版 【Umit3】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 4.restrict'strikt/vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍 词义辨析： restrict::侧重”限制范围、数量或行动”，使不超过某种界限，常用搭配restrict sth to sth: prohibit:强调”通过法令、规则禁止”，语气较强，常用搭配prohibit sb from doing sth。 同义替换： limit,confine 例句： The park restricts the number of visitors to 500 per day. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The school rules students from using mobile phones in class A.restrict B.prohibit C.allow(答案：B) 5.fundamental/fnd'mentl/adj.十分重大的，根本的；基础的 词义辨析： fundamental:强调'基本的、根本的”，指构成事物基础且不可缺少的部分，如fundamental principles (基本原则) basic:侧重'基础的、初级的”，指事物最简单、最基础的层面，如basic knowledge(基础知识)。 同义替换： essential,basic 例句： Hard work is fundamental to success. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测） Learning grammar is a part of mastering a foreign language. A.fundamental B.advanced C.complex(答案：A) 6.arise/归'raIz/vi.发生，出现：（由…)引起 词义辨析： arise:不及物动词，指问题、困难、机会等”出现、产生”，常用搭配arise from(由…引起)。 se:不及物动词，侧重”上升、升起”（如太阳、价格）或”起身、起床”。 同义替换： appear,emerge 例句： Many problems arose when we started the project 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册期末复习题） New challenges as technology continues to develop. A.arise B.rise C.raise(答案：A) 7.abnormal/eb'no:ml/adj.反常的，畸形的 3 高中译林版 【Umit3】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： abnormal::指事物’偏离正常状态、反常的'，强调与常规或标准不符，如abnormal behavior(反 常行为)。 unusual:侧重”不常见的、独特的”，不一定带有负面含义，如an unusual idea(独特的想法)。 同义替换： unusual,irregular 例句： The test results showed some abnormal changes in his blood 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） It is for a child of three to speak two foreign languages fluently. A.abnormal B.unusual C.common (答案：B) 8.ultimately/'Altmmatli//adv.最终；根本上 词义辨析： ultimately:强调经过一系列过程或阶段后”最终、最后'的结果，语气正式。 finally:侧重”在一系列动作或时间之后终于”，使用范围更广，可用于口语和书面语。 同义替换： finally,eventually 例句： Ultimately,we decided to move to the countryside for a quieter life 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测） After several attempts,he succeeded in inventing the new machine. A.ultimately B.immediately C.suddenly(答案：A) 9.debate/dbet/t.&vi.讨论，辩论；n.讨论，争论 词义辨析： debate:指正式场合中双方就某一问题'辩论、争论”，强调观点对立和逻辑论证，可作动词或名 词。 discuss:指为解决问题或交换意见而’讨论、商议”，侧重平等交流，语气较平和，仅作动词。 同义替换： argue,dispute 例句 The students debated whether cloning should be allowed. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册期中测试题） The government held a publicto collect opinions on the new policy. A.debate B.discussion C.conversation (答案：A) 10.without doubt毫无疑问，的确 高中译林版 【Umit3】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： without doubt:书面语，强调”完全确定、毫无疑问”，可放句首或句中。 undoubtedly:副词，含义与without doubt相近，直接修饰动词或整个句子，如undoubtedly true。. 同义替换： undoubtedly,certainly 例句： Without doubt,this discovery will change the course of medical research. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） she is one of the most talented students in our class A.Without doubt B.In doubt C.Beyond doubt (答案：A) 11.delete/d'li:t/t.删去，删除 词义辨析： delete:指从文件、记录或计算机中”删除”不需要的内容，强调彻底移除。 remove:含义更广，可指”移开、拿走”具体物品，或”去除、消除”抽象事物（如污渍、障碍）。 同义替换： remove,erase 例句： Please delete the unnecessary paragraphs from your essay. 真题链接： (译林版高中选择性必修第二册单元复习题) You can the wrong answer and write the correct one here. A.delete B.remove C.add(答案：A) l2.restore/rI'sto:/t.恢复：修复；使复原 词义辨析： restore:指将损坏的事物”修复、恢复'到原来的状态，或使人”恢复健康、精力”，常用搭配restore sth to sth recover:作及物动词时，指”找回、重新获得'丢失的东西：作不及物动词时，指”恢复健康、情 绪”。 同义替换： recover,repair 例句： The doctor used special treatment to restore his eyesight 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第二册期末检测） It took her a long time to from the illness and return to work. A.restore B.recover C.repair (答案：B) 5 高中译林版 【Umit3】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The」 _prescribedsomemedicine for my father'shigh bloodpressure,as he doesn'tneed surgery. A.surgeon B.physician C.dentist 2.The heavyrain our travel plans,so we had to postpone the trip. A.affected B.influenced C.solved 3.It is important to theory with practice in learning a foreign language A.relate B.connect C.separate 4.The new law people under 18 from buying cigarettes. A.restrict B.prohibit C.allow 5.Good communication skills are to building strong relationships. A.fundamental B.advanced C.complex 6.New problems when we tried to implement the new policy. A.arise B.rise C.raise 7.Her behavior at the party made everyone feel uncomfortable A.abnormal B.unusual C.common 8.After many failures,he achieved his goal of becoming a scientist A.ultimately 6 高中译林版 【Umit3】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.immediately C.suddenly 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.You can d the wrong file from your computer to free up space. 2.The old temple was r to its original beauty after years of repair. 3.Without d this is the best movie I have ever seen this year. 4.The company decided to r the number of employees to cut costs. 5.The teacher asked us to r the story in our own words after reading it. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The results of the experiment are difficult to (relate)to the hypothesis we made. 2.The government has taken measures to (restrict)the use of plastic bags in supermarkets 3.She (ultimately)decided to study abroad after considering all the options. 4. (Fundamental)changes are needed to improve the education system 5.The doctor said his health would (restore)within a few weeks with proper treatment. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.毫无疑问，他的努力是他成功的关键。 his efforts were the key to his success. 2.我们应该把理论和实践联系起来。 We should theorypractice. 3.这家博物馆每天限制游客人数为800人。 The museum the number of visitors 800 per day. 4.新技术的发展带来了新的挑战。 New challenges the development of new technology. 五、语篇填空 7 高中译林版 【Umit3】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Dr.Wang is a well-known (physician/surgeon)who specializes in treating heart diseases without surgery.He often tells his patients that a healthy lifestyle is(fundamental/basic) to recovery.Last week,a patient came to him with(abnormal/unusual)symptoms,which (arose/rose)from long-term stress.Dr.Wang advised him to (relate/connect)his daily habits to his health issues and (restrict/prohibit)himself from working overtime. U1- timately/Finally),the patient followed the advice and his condition improved. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.B2.A 3B4.B5.A6.A7.A8.A Ⅱ根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.delete 2.restored 3.doubt 4.restrict 5.relate L.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.relate 2.restrict 3.ultimately 4.Fundamental 5.be restored V.完成句子 1.Without doubt 2.relate;to 3.restricts;to 4.arise from V.语篇填空 physician fundamental abnormal arose connect restrict Ultimately 8