Unit 4 Everyday economics二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（外研版）

高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 4 Everyday economics 词汇精讲 【Unit4】Everyday economics- 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 discriminate/dr'skrimmeit/v. freshman/'frefman/n.(高中或exceed/k'si:d/v.超过，超出 公正地区别对待，歧视 大学的)一年级学生 go into debt陷入债务之中，负 equator'kweita(r)/n.赤道（地make ends meet使收支仅能相债（常用短语） 球的纬线，将地球划分为南北半抵（常用短语，描述经济拮据的financial /far'nen/adj.财政的， 球) 状态) 金融的；财务的 estate'stet/n.庄园 afloat/A'flaut/adj..经济上周转accumulate/a'kju:mjalert//v.积 superior/:'praria(r)/adj.质量得开的：不欠债的 累，积聚 上乘的，优质的 interfere/.Inta'fia()/v.介入；干automatically/,:ta'maetrkli/adv mild /marld/adj.不浓烈的，淡的涉 自动地 calorie./'kaelari/n.卡（路里）（衡interfere with妨碍，阻止（常用toddler/'todla(r)/n.学步的儿 量热量的单位) 短语) 童，刚学走路的小孩 subjective/sab'd3ektv/adj.主观rational/'rena/adj.(想法、决sorrow/'sDr3u/n.令人悲伤的 的 定等)合理的，基于理性的 事，不幸 词义辨析及同义替换 1. superior/su:'pIaria(t)/adj.质量上乘的，优质的 词义辨析： superior:强调“比同类事物更好、级别更高”，通常与介词to搭配，不用于比较级结构。 excellent:侧重“卓越的、极好的”，用于形容事物品质或表现突出。 同义替换： excellent,high-quality 例句： This brand of coffee is superior to others in taste. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The new model of the phone is in performance and design compared with the old one. A.superior B.mild C.subjective (答案：A) 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 4 Everyday economics 2.nild/narld/ad.不浓烈的，淡的 词义辨析： ild:可指气味、味道“淡的、温和的”，也可形容天气“温暖的”或性格“温和的”。 gentle:侧重“温和的、轻柔的”，多形容人或动作，如gentle wind(和风)。 同义替换： gentle,moderate 例句： She prefers mild tea to strong coffee. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册单元检测） The weather in spring is usually in this region,not too hot or too cold. A.mild B.superior C.subjective （答案：A) 3.subjective/sab'd3 ektIv//adj.主观的 词义辨析： subjective:强调“基于个人感受或观点的，而非客观事实的”，反义词为objective(客观的)。 personal:侧重“个人的、私人的”，强调属于特定个体，如personal opinion(个人观点)。 同义替换： personal,one-sided 例句： Art appreciation is often subjective;different people have different tastes. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册期中测试） Judging a person only by appearance is_ and unfair. A.subjective B.rational C.financial (答案：A) 4.rational/raefnal/adj.（想法、决定等)合理的，基于理性的 词义辨析： rational:指“符合逻辑、理性的”，强调思考过程的合理性。 reasonable:侧重“合理的、公平的”，强调符合常识或情理。 同义替换： reasonable,logical 例句： We should make a rational decision based on facts 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） It's to save some money for unexpected expenses. A.rational B.subjective C.mild(答案：A) 5.accumulate/'kju:mjolert/V.积累，积聚 2 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 4 Everyday economics 词义辨析： accumulate: 强调“逐渐、持续地积累”，可指具体事物或抽象概念（如经验、财富）。 gather:侧重“将分散的东西聚集起来”，如gather information(收集信息)。 同义替换： gather,collect 例句： He has accumulated a lot of experience in his work 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册单元检测） If you good habits from an early age,you will benefit for life. A.accumulate B.interfere C.exceed (答案：A) 6.exceed/k'si:dv.超过，超出 词义辨析： exceed:指“在数量、程度或范围上超过”，语气较正式。 surpass:侧重“超越、优于”，强调在品质或成就上胜过。 同义替换： surpass,go beyond 例句： The cost of the project exceeded our budget. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册期末测试） Drivers must not the speed limit on this road. A.exceed B.accumulate C.interfere(答案：A) 7.interfere/,nte'fia(r)/v.介入：干涉 词义辨析： interfere:常与with连用，指“妨碍、干扰”，带有负面含义，如interfere with work(妨碍工作)。 intervene:侧重“为阻止某事或解决问题而介入”，如intervene in a conflict(介入冲突)。 同义替换： intervene,meddle 例句： Please don't interfere with my decision. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） Noise from the construction site with our study. A.interfered B.accumulated C.exceeded (答案：A) 8.make ends meet使收支仅能相抵（常用短语，描述经济拮据的状态） 词义辨析： make ends meet:强调“收入刚好覆盖支出，勉强维持生活”。 live from hand to mouth:侧重“收入仅够糊口，没有储蓄”，程度更深。 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 4 Everyday economics 同义替换： live from hand to mouth,balance the budget 例句： After losing his job,he struggled to make ends meet 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册单元检测） With the rising cost of living,many families find it hard to A.make ends meet B.go into debt C.stay afloat (答案：A) 9.go into debt陷入债务之中，负债（常用短语） 词义辨析： go into debt:指“开始负债”的动作或状态。 be in debt:侧重“处于负债的状态”，强调结果。 同义替换： fall into debt,be in debt 例句： He had to go into debt to pay for his mother's medical treatment. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册期中测试） If you spend more than you earn,you will soon A.go into debt B.make ends meet C.stay afloat (答案：A) l0.afloat/a'fleut/adj.经济上周转得开的：不欠债的 词义辨析： afloat:指“财务上有偿付能力，不欠债”，与go into debt相反。 solvent:更正式，指“有足够资产偿还债务的”，多用于商业语境。 同义替换： solvent,financially stable 例句： By cutting expenses,the company managed to stay afloat. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The small business has been struggling,but it's still thanks to government support A.afloat B.in debt C.subjective (答案：A) 11.financial/fa'nen/adj.财政的，金融的；财务的 词义辨析： financial:指“与金钱、财政相关的”，如financial problems(财务问题)。 economics:侧重“与经济整体相关的”，如economic growth(经济增长)。 同义替换： monetary,fiscal 4 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 4 Everyday economics 例句： We need to make a financial plan for next year. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册期末测试） The government has taken measures to deal with the crisis A.financial B.rational C.subjective (答案：A) 12.sorrow/'sDr/n.令人悲伤的事，不幸 词义辨析： SOIrow: 指“深沉、持久的悲伤”，常作为可数名词表示具体的伤心事。 sadness: 侧重“暂时的、一般的悲伤情绪”，不可数名词。 同义替换： sadness,grief 例句： The loss of her pet was a great sorrow to her. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册单元检测） Tears filled her eyes when she heard the news of the A.sorrow B.equator C.estate (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.This brand of tea is_to others in aroma and taste. A.superior B.mild C.subjective 2.The climate in this coastal city is usually_with cool summers and warm winters. A.rational B.mild C.financial 3.Evaluating artworks based solely on personal preference is-rather than objective. A.subjective B.rational C.superior 4.It's_to analyze the problem calmly before making a decision. 5 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 4 Everyday economics A.mild B.subjective C.rational 5.Over the years,she hasa wealth of experience in international trade. A.accumulated B.exceeded C.interfered 6.The company's profits_all previous records last quarter. A.accumulated B.exceeded C.interfered 7.Loud music from the neighbor's partywith my ability to concentrate. A.interfered B.accumulated C.exceeded 8.Many low-income families struggle to-due to rising housing costs. A.make ends meet B.go into debt C.stay afloat 9.If you keep borrowing money without repaying,you will soon_. A.make ends meet B.go into debt C.stay afloat 10.Thanks to the emergency loan,the small factory managed to-during the economic downturn. A.go into debt B.stay afloat C.make ends meet 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The government has introduced new f policies to support small businesses. 2.Her eyes filled with twhen she heard the news of her grandfather's passing. 3.It's important to makerplans instead of acting on impulse. 4.Over time,dust and dirt aon the surface of the old books. 6 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 4 Everyday economics 5.The noise from the construction site iwith our daily life. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She is known for her(rational)approach to solving complex problems 2.The team_(accumulate)a total of 50 points by the end of the season. 3.His(subjective)judgment led to a misunderstanding between the two parties. 4.We should avoid_(interfere)in other people's personal affairs. 5.The company's_(financial)situation has improved significantly this year 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.与传统方法相比，这种新技术在效率上更优越。 Compared with traditional methods,this new technology efficiency. 2.为了应对突发情况，存一些钱是合理的。 It's_save some money for unexpected situations. 3.这家小商店通过削减开支勉强维持运营。 The small shop managed to_by cutting down expenses. 4.仅凭外表判断一个人是主观且不公平的。 Judging a person only by appearance is-unfair 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Many people face_(financial/financial)challenges in daily life.For example,some struggle to -(make ends meet/go into debt)due to low incomes,while others may_(go into debt/accumulate) if they overspend.To avoid such problems,it's important to make(rational/subjective)decisions about money.One should_(accumulate/interfere)savings regularly and avoid unnecessary ex- penses.Additionally,staying(afloat/in debt)requires careful planning and self-discipline.Re- member,art appreciation may be_(subjective/rational),but managing finances should be based on facts. 参考答案 7 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 4 Everyday economics I.单项选择 1.A2B3.A4.C5.A6B7.A8.A9B10B Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.financial 2.sorrow 3.rational 4.accumulate 5.interfered I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.rational 2 had accumulated 3.subjective 4.interfering 5.financial V.完成句子 1.is superior in 2.rational to 3.stay afloat 4.subjective and V语篇填空 1.financial 2.make ends meet 3.go into debt 4.rational 5.accumulate 6.afloat 7.sub- jective P