Unit 5 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(学案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第四册同步学习指导(外研版2019)

2025-05-26
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教辅
河北万卷文化有限公司
进店逛逛

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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语外研版选择性必修第四册
年级 高二
章节 Starting out,Understanding ideas
类型 学案
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 1.99 MB
发布时间 2025-05-26
更新时间 2025-05-26
作者 河北万卷文化有限公司
品牌系列 成才之路·高中新教材同步学习指导
审核时间 2025-04-16
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来源 学科网

内容正文:

(三)1. frustration  2. sharing  3. is taking  4. to  5. the  6. As  7. faster  8. companies  9. Finally  10. is 课内要点探究 核心词汇 1. ① sorrowful   ② sorrows   ③ To   ④ shares my joys and sorrows 2.①hired  ②on  ③ themselves   ④out   ⑤hired himself out to  ⑥for / on 重点短语 1.①off  ②off  ③over  ④in  ⑤up  ⑥on 2.①a  ②in  ③do me a favour  ④ask you a favour ⑤in favour of 3.①to their advantage  ②has the / an advantage over ③take advantage of  ④have the advantage of 重点句式 1.①or  ②or ③whether his team wins or loses ④Whether he invites me or not / Whether or not he invites me 2. ① leaving   ② to find   ③ leaving   ④ allowing more patients to be treated  ⑤only to be told that his wife had left him 3.①As you can imagine  ②As is often the case   ③as is known to all 4.①as  ②was interviewed  ③writing 难句解析 1.状语  定语  that 心理学家们将其作为研究的对象,发表了各种各样的 论文来说明分享行为有助于建立积极的情感纽带。 2.让步状语  where  定语 无论是我们能以最低价格租用名牌服装的网店,还是 可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台,都已出现。 3.主语  表语 然而,毫无疑问的是,共享经济与我们的日常生活以及 全球经济越来越相关。 随堂达标验收 Ⅰ. 1. expense  2. purse  3. hire  4. rent  5. sorrow 6. frustration  7. theft  8. abuse Ⅱ. 1. to  2. responses  3. hired  4. to rent  5. expensive  6. expenses  7. in  8. off Ⅲ. 1. as is often the case  2. thereby causing  3. What is in no doubt  4. such a cute baby that  5. Separated from other continents;not found in Ⅳ. 1. As is often the case 2. there is no need to turn up the volume 3. Whether you agree or not 4. as my weight is easy to gain 5. highlight the difference in world living standards Section Ⅳ  Writing—Writing an argumentative paper 核心词汇 1. with the development of   2. be of great benefit to   3. to tell the truth  4. on the Internet  5. surf the Internet 连词成句 1. what they want   2. brings them more convenience   3. by surfing the Internet   4. immediately the new brands are advertised  5. I buy almost everything I need 句式升级 1. People can buy what they want through the Internet without going out,which brings them more convenience. 2. They can shop for the top brands by surfing the Internet, where they can choose what they need immediately the new brands are advertised. 3. To tell the truth,it is on the Internet that I buy almost everything I need now. 组句成篇 参考范文:     With the development of the Internet,shopping on the Internet is becoming more popular. People can buy what they want through the Internet without going out,which brings them more convenience. Shopping on the Internet is of great benefit to the customers. First,they can shop for the top brands by surfing the Internet,where they can choose what they need immediately the new brands are advertised. Second,they can get the goods at the best prices. In my opinion,it is good to shop on the Internet. To tell the truth,it is on the Internet that I buy almost everything I need now. Unit 5  Into the unknown Section Ⅰ  Starting out & Understanding ideas 课前自主预习 Ⅰ. 1. civilisation  2. intrigue  3. bury  4. pyramid  5. canal   6. tropical   7. cyclone   8. megadrought   9. downfall   10. ruin   11. dismiss   12. astronomy;astronaut   13. abandon;abandoned  14. expansion;expand Ⅱ. 1. correspond to  2. be based on  3. be surrounded by  4. apply. . . to. . .   5. all the more  6. a combination of 7. deal with   8. lead to   9. at different rates   10. fall into ruin Ⅲ. 1. Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young age 2. that Maya society was technologically primitive 3. leaving various mysteries for later people to solve Ⅳ.(一)1. C 2. Para. 1 B  Para. 2 E  Para. 3 D  Para. 4—5 A Para. 6 C (二)1. B  2. D  3. C  4. B  5. A (三)1. equipment  2. which  3. using  4. that  5. However   6. disappeared   7. various   8. to solve   9. shortages   10. ultimately 课内要点探究 核心词汇 1.①Buried   ②Burying   ③ buried   ④ burying   ⑤ bury your feelings   ⑥ buried her face in her hands   ⑦ has buried himself in his work或has been buried in his work 2.①in  ②into  ③ruins;was ruined ④The rain ruined our holiday. We had to change our plans. ⑤has damaged  ⑥were destroyed  ⑦ruined 3.①abandoned  ②herself  ③studying  ④abandoned ⑤was abandoned to 重点短语 1.①to / with  ②correspondence  ③with 2.①for  ②to  ③application  ④applicants  ⑤be applied to practice 3.①on top of  ②at the top of her voice  ③At  ④on 重点句式 1.①方式状语从句  ②时间状语从句  ③比较状语从句 ④原因状语从句  ⑤让步状语从句 2.①repairing  ② to be done  ③untouched  ④wanting   ⑤                                                                       leave the window open —722— 难句解析 1.状语  动宾  宾语 从很小的时候就对玛雅文明感兴趣,15岁的加拿大男 孩威廉·甘德瑞认为自己从对古代星象图的研究中有 了一个惊人的发现。 2.主语 那些复杂的建筑结构最不同寻常的是,它们是怎样在 没有轮滑、金属工具甚至畜力的情况下建造的。 3.定语  主谓 它含有800多个字,还有一些符号代表动物、人、物体 等,其他符号代表音节。 4.同位语从句  宾语补足语 事实上,玛雅社会在技术上是比较原始的,这使得它的 这些成就更加难以置信,更加神秘。 5.结果状语  自然而然 它曾经的大城市荒废了,留下了各种各样的谜团等待 后人去解决。 随堂达标验收 Ⅰ. 1. civilisation  2. bury  3. dismiss  4. expansion  5. ruin  6. abandon  7. canal  8. astronomy Ⅱ. 1. in  2. wanting  3. be dismissed  4. to  5. On  6. the   7. abandoned  8. ruining Ⅲ. 1. fell into ruin  2. correspond to  3. all the more 4. dealt with   5. on top of   6. applied to   7. made a great discovery Ⅳ. 1. Buried in reading   2. what others think of you;what matters most  3. with the crowds cheering  4. The fact that her son wasnt admitted into a university  5. lies a temple Section Ⅱ  Using language 课前自主预习 Ⅰ. 1. getaway  2. retreat  3. subdue  4. uncharted 5. delve  6. shrink  7. investigation;investigate Ⅱ. 1.逃跑;逃走  2.试水,试探  3.逃命  4.积极投入 到……中去  5.避免做;不愿做;逃避,躲避  6. check out   7. steer clear of  8. set out  9. think twice  10. look into Ⅲ. it might have been Ⅳ. 1.名词  2. that  3.主语  4.主语;形式主语  5.表语   6.同位语 课内要点探究 核心词汇   ①from  ②making  ③has shrunk  ④shrinks from ⑤shrank with cold 重点短语 1.①(把钱等)取出  ②检查  ③结账  ④checked in  ⑤make / have a quick check  ⑥by check 2.①set down  ②set up  ③set aside  ④set about painting   ⑤set out to paint  ⑥began painting 3.①looking through  ②look up to  ③looking forward to  ④looked after   ⑤ look into   ⑥ look ahead to   ⑦ look down upon / on  ⑧look up to 重点句式   ①might / may have known  ②must have done  ③neednt have worried  ④couldnt have written 单元语法精析 语法达标训练 1. that  2. what  3. that  4. that  5. that  6. that  7. that 8. what  9. whether  10. What  11. that  12. how  13. that   14. where  15. what 随堂达标验收 Ⅰ. 1. getaway  2. retreat  3. uncharted  4. delve 5. shrinks  6. investigations Ⅱ. 1. out  2. twice  3. out  4. to shrink  5. into Ⅲ. 1. check out  2. ran for our lives  3. amounted to 4. think twice  5. throw myself into Ⅳ. 1. where he lives  2. That the earth goes around the sun 3. made it clear that  4. what my father has taught me 5. where we are now Section Ⅲ  Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 课前自主预习 Ⅰ. 1. archaeological  2. coral  3. millimetre  4. upwards  5. trench  6. equivalent  7. stack  8. furthermore  9. notable  10. substance  11. vessel  12. drilling;drill Ⅱ. 1.起航  2.继续做  3.给……提供了一个窗口  4.保持纪录  5. be equivalent to  6. beyond the reach of  7. final frontier  8. at the rate of  9. as well as Ⅲ. 1. Lying under waters across the globe are  2. if any 3. conducted by these vessels;taking deepsea exploration into a whole new era  4. as familiar to us as Ⅳ.(一)1. B 2. Para. 1 B  Para. 2 C  Para. 3 D  Para. 4 E  Para. 5 A (二)1. D  2. A  3. C  4. B (三)1. that  2. to explore  3. are made  4. darkness 5. Amazing  6. the   7. completely   8. as   9. conducted   10. taking 课内要点探究 重点短语 1.①across  ②for  ③from 2.①in a low voice  ②at the lost of  ③at the rate of 重点句式 1.①If so  ②If not  ③If necessary  ④if taken  ⑤needed   ⑥living 2.①given  ②Assuming  ③Seeing  ④speaking 3.①reported  ②to have acted  ③is thought;that  ④It is generally believed that ones preference for color can reflect ones personality. 4.①or  ②come  ③Do 难句解析 1.定语  定语  creatures  表语 在200多米以下、阳光照不到的那些水域里,生存着一些 看起来就像是直接从科幻小说中走出来的奇异生物。 2.后置定语  宾语  结果 这些船只进行的研究使科学家们对海床的形成有了更 深入的了解,并帮助确定了深海钻探的区域,使深海勘 探进入了一个全新的时代。 随堂达标验收 Ⅰ. 1. notable  2. Furthermore  3. substance  4. shipwreck Ⅱ. 1. set  2. to get / getting  3. a  4. of  5. Sitting  6. that   7. If  8. Considering  9. beyond  10. have spotted Ⅲ. 1. Standing beside the desk was Tom 2. both of which 3. Given that he apologized to me 4. to have known the secret 5. Both playing well Ⅳ. 1. In the square stands a tower 2. Given that there was so little time 3. some of which have gone bad 4. Gone are the days when 5. seemed not to have discussed;                                                                      Furthermore —822— ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - ! " . # # # # # Unit 5  Into the unknown ! " # $ % & ! " ' ( ) *     One of the greatest mysteries on the Earth is the statues(雕像)standing on Easter Island. Easter Island is one of the most remote islands on the Earth. It is in the southern Pacific Ocean,2,300 miles west of the coast of Chile and 2,500 miles southeast of Tahiti. Who built these statues and why and how did they get there?Nobody knows the answer for sure,but many are trying to find it out. It has even been suggested that space aliens may have played a role regarding the statues. There are also other theories about them. One theory suggests that Easter Island was occupied by Polynesian sailors,who traveled thousands of miles in their canoes(独木舟),guided by the stars and the birds making flights out to look for food. They first arrived on the island in 400 AD. However,they were trapped by the current (洋流). The Easter Islanders had their own system of writing,different from any other in the world. No other Pacific Islanders knew how to write. Who taught the Easter Islanders how to write,or did they develop their own system? In brief,Easter Island continues to be one of the worlds greatest unexplained mysteries. "!( # # # # # / 0 1 2 # 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; Section Ⅰ  Starting out & Understanding ideas + , - . / 0 Ⅰ.核心单词 1.   civilisation  n.文明(社会) 2.   intrigue  v. (因奇特或神秘而)激起……的 兴趣,引起……的好奇心 3.   bury  v.将……埋在下面 4.   pyramid  n.金字塔 5.   canal  n.运河 6.   tropical  adj.来自热带的;产于热带的 7.   cyclone  n.气旋;旋风 8.   megadrought  n.超级干旱 9.   downfall  n.衰败 10.   ruin  n.残垣断壁,废墟 11.   dismiss  v.拒绝考虑,否定 12.   astronomy  n.天文学→   astronaut  n.宇 航员 13.   abandon  v.离弃,逃离→   abandoned  adj.被抛弃的 14.   expansion  n.扩大;增加→   expand  v.扩 大;增加 Ⅱ.重点短语 1.   correspond to  和……一致 2.   be based on  以……为基础 3.   be surrounded by  被……包围 4.   apply. . . to. . .  把……应用到……中 5.   all the more  更加 6.   a combination of  ……的结合 7.   deal with  应付;对付 8.   lead to  导致;通向 9.   at different rates  以不同的速度 10.   fall into ruin  衰落,败落 Ⅲ.经典句式 1.过去分词短语作状语   Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young age   ,15yearold Canadian William Gadoury thought he had made an incredible discovery from his study of ancient star charts. 从很小的时候就对玛雅文明感兴趣,15岁的加 拿大男孩威廉·甘德瑞认为自己从对古代星象 图的研究中有了一个惊人的发现。 2. that引导同位语从句 The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive  makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious. 事实上,玛雅社会在技术上是比较原始的,这使 得它的这些成就更加难以置信,更加神秘。 3.现在分词短语作结果状语 Its oncegreat cities fell into ruin,   leaving various mysteries for later people to solve  . 它曾经的大城市荒废了,留下了各种各样的谜 团等待后人去解决。 Ⅳ.课文预读 (一)快读文章,把握大意 1. Whats the main idea of the passage?   C  A. William Gadourys new discovery about the Maya civilisation. B. A true writing system that the Maya people had created. C. Some possible reasons why the Maya civilisation fell down. D. How the Maya civilisation was formed. 2. Read the passage and match the main idea of each paragraph. Para. 1       A. Why Maya civilisation collapsed. Para. 2 B. A Canadian boy spotted an unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle. Para. 3 C. We should learn from the downfall of the Maya civilisation. Paras. 4—5 D. What caused the Maya to abandon their cities. Para. 6 E. Maya civilisation has been                                                               surrounded by mystery. "!) ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - ! " . # # # # # (二)精读文章,品读细节 1. Which of the following is TRUE about William Gadoury?   B  A. He found that the Maya created a true writing system. B. He thought he had discovered an unknown city in the jungle. C. He has a good command of the Maya characters. D. He made a discovery about how the Maya built these impressive temples and palaces. 2. What caused the downfall of the Maya civilisation?   D  A. Fighting between cities. B. A serious disease. C. A natural disaster. D. Still unknown. 3. What do people know about the Maya writing system?   C  A. It is similar to the present writing system that Americans use today. B. It contained more than 8,000 words and signs. C. It is very complicated and hard to interpret. D. Some words were used to represent animals, objects and syllables. 4. When did Maya civilisation reach its highest level?   B  A. Before 700 BC. B. By 700 AD. C. In the early 16th century. D. At around 900 AD. 5. What achievement of the Maya makes us amazed?   A  A. They had a good knowledge of mathematics and astronomy. B. They carved some beautiful paintings on stones. C. They built some pyramids using only animal power. D. They created the Maya calendar which was accurate to within 30 minutes. (三)重读文章,激发潜能     The Maya created great civilisation. They built many impressive temples and palaces without the use of modern 1. equipment  (equip ). They also invented their own calendar 2. which  was accurate to within 30 seconds per year,3. using  (use)their understanding of mathematics and astronomy. Their writing system was so complicated 4. that  no one has been able to interpret it completely. 5. However  ,only after a couple of generations,the Maya civilisation 6. disappeared   (disappear) within the deep jungle,leaving 7. various  (vary) mysteries for later people 8. to solve  (solve). Some scientists believe that the droughts were the main reason why it collapsed. The droughts led to food 9. shortages  ( shortage ), conflicts and 10. ultimately    (ultimate),the downfall of the                                                   cities. 1 2 % & 3 4 1.科普知识 side effects副作用 test out试验 in the field of science在科学领域 carry out scientific experiments进行科学实验 make / achieve a breakthrough作出/取得突破性进展 be flooded with. . .充斥着…… come into being / existence形成;产生 further scientific evidence for. . .进一步证实 ……的科学根据 be comfortable with. . .对……应付自如 make contributions to society为社会做贡献 "!* # # # # # / 0 1 2 # 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; 2.科技发展 artificial intelligence人工智能 face recognition technology人脸识别技术 advanced science and technology先进科技 be in the lead处于领先地位 opportunities and challenges机遇和挑战 remote control遥控 surf the Internet上网 information technology信息技术 throw away outdated equipment / devices扔掉过时 的设备/装置 have a strong objection to. . .强烈反对…… + 5 6 7 8 9 核心词汇 1. bury v.将……埋在下面;埋葬;埋藏 bury. . . in. . .把……埋到……里 be buried in. . . = bury oneself in. . . 专心致志 于…… bury ones face in ones hands某人双手掩面 He was buried in a novel(= He buried himself in a novel),so he didnt notice me come in. 他埋头读小说,所以没有注意到我进来了。 She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news. 当她听到那个坏消息时,她双手掩面而泣。 Their ambitions were finally dead and buried. 他们的雄心壮志最终消亡而被埋葬。 H活学活用 单句语法填空 ①   Buried  (bury)in his study,he wasnt aware that all the others had left. ②   Burying  (bury)his face in his hands,he tried to control his weeping. 句式升级 He sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading. → ③ He sat at a wooden table,   buried  in reading.(过去分词短语作状语) →④He sat at a wooden table,  burying  himself in reading.(现在分词短语作状语) 结合bury的相关用法完成句子 ⑤ If you find yourself wanting to   bury your feelings  (掩藏你的感情)deep inside you,dont do it. Instead,express them in a reasonable way. ⑥When she realised what happened to her children, she   buried her face in her hands  (双手掩面) and cried. ⑦Since he took over the project,he   has buried himself in his work或has been buried in his work             (一直埋头于他的工作)                            . 2. ruin n.残垣断壁,废墟vt.毁灭;使破产 (1)in ruins破败不堪;严重受损 fall / come into ruin成为废墟,被毁掉;衰落 be reduced to ruins沦为废墟 (2)ruin sth. / sb. / oneself毁坏某物/毁掉某人/自己 be ruined by. . .被……毁坏/破坏 ruin ones health / fame / future毁了某人的健康/ 名誉/前途 When they returned to their hometown the next day, they found it in ruins. 当他们第二天回到故乡的时候,他们发现那里已 经是废墟了。 A large number of houses fell / came into ruin after the big flood. 洪水过后,大批的房屋被毁掉了。 This mistake ruined his chances of getting the job. 这个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。 Y易混辨析 ruin / destroy / damage 易混词 区别 英语释义 ruin 强调“毁坏,毁灭”, 使美好的事物失去 优良的特性或特 征,且不能恢复 to damage sth. or have a completely negative effect on it so that it is no longer at all successful,                    enjoyable or useful ""! ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - ! " . # # # # # destroy 多指彻底的、毁灭 性的破坏,含不能 或很难修复的意 味。也可指毁掉一 个人 to damage sth. so badly that it no longer exists, works;to ruin sb. s life completely damage 多指对无生命物体 的损害,造成价值 降低、功能破坏等 后果,含仍可能修 复的意味。也可指 对健康等带来不良 影响 to cause physical harm to sth., making it less attractive, useful or valuable;to have a bad effect on sb. / sth. H活学活用 单句语法填空 ①(2024·山东济南期末)The earthquake in Tangshan caused great damage,leaving the city   in  ruins. ②She went through a period of emotional adjustment (情绪调整)after her company fell   into  ruin and she finally decided to find a new job. ③We visited the   ruins  of the Summer Palace last winter. It   was ruined     by foreign invaders (侵略者).(ruin) 单句写作 ④这场雨毁了我们的假期。我们不得不改变计 划。(ruin)     选词填空(ruin / destroy / damage) ⑤(2023·1月浙江高考卷)Habitat loss,pesticide use,and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged   (damage)the U. S. agricultural economy. ⑥Data shows that nearly 19,770 acres of rainforests in Brazil   were destroyed  between August 2015 and July 2016. ⑦I got caught in the rain on my way home and my new suit got   ruined                                 . 3. abandon v.离弃,逃离n.放任;放纵 (1)abandon doing sth.放弃做某事 abandon oneself to. . .沉溺于……,纵情于……(to 为介词) (2)with abandon无约束地,放任地 abandoned adj.被遗弃的;被抛弃的;废弃的 be abandoned to. . .沉湎于…… Our car broke down halfway. We had to abandon our car and walk the rest of the way. 我们的车半路抛锚了。我们只好弃车,走完剩下 的路。 Abandoning himself to the sorrow of losing his cat, Steven just couldnt help crying. 斯蒂芬沉湎于丢失了他的猫的悲伤中,禁不住哭 了起来。 He owned a farm,which looked almost abandoned. 他有一个农场,看上去几乎废弃了。 H活学活用 单句语法填空 ①Anadariya farm is one of many   abandoned  (abandon)irrigation farms in northern Nigeria. ② She admitted that she abandoned   herself  (she)to a life of pleasure. ③ To our surprise,he abandoned   studying  (study)Chinese literature at college. ④The car was found   abandoned  (abandon)in the desert. 句型转换 ⑤Without worrying about anything,she abandoned herself to a life of pleasure. → Without worrying about anything,she was abandoned to                           a life of pleasure. 重点短语 1. correspond to相当于;与……相符 (1)correspond vt.相一致;相符合;相当于;通信 correspond with / to. . .与……一致/相符/相类似 correspond with sb.与某人通信 (2)correspondence n.信件;通信 in correspondence with. . .与……通信;和…… 一致 Do you ever correspond with your overseas friends      ? """ # # # # # / 0 1 2 # 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; 你和你国外的朋友通过信吗? These goods dont correspond with / to the list of those I ordered. 这些货物与我的订货单不相符。 I have been in correspondence with his private consultant about the problem. 关于这问题,我和他的私人顾问一直书信往来。 H活学活用 单句语法填空 ① The written record of the conversation doesnt correspond   to / with  what was actually said. ② They have been in   correspondence   (correspond)with each other since they left university. ③In the past,it was difficult to correspond   with                our relatives. 2. apply. . . to. . .把……应用到…… (1)apply vt.涂;应用vi.申请;请求;使用 apply oneself to致力于;集中精力于 apply to. . .适应/适用…… apply (to. . .)for. . .(向……)申请…… (2)applicant n.申请人 application n.申请;请求;应用 In this way they can better apply theory to practice. 这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。 I should apply for the post if I were you. I think you stand a good chance. 如果我是你的话,我一定去申请这个职位。我认 为你大有希望。 Faulks has applied himself to this task with considerable energy. 福克斯为这项任务倾注了大量精力。 His application for membership of the organization was rejected. 他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。 H活学活用 单句语法填空 ① If you want to apply   for  a job at the office where I work,Ill put in a good word for you. ②(2023·高考全国甲卷)Youll soon find that the more patience you practice,the more you start to apply it to  other,more annoying situations. ③(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)You can download the application  (apply)and subscribe  獉 today to get your first issue free. ④All   applicants  (apply)must have a drivers license and access to a car. 完成句子 ⑤We take it for granted that theory must   be applied to practice  (应用于实践)                              . 3. on top of除……之外;在……上面 on top of the world欢天喜地,心满意足,非常自豪 at the top of ones voice高声地,放声地 at the top of. . .在……的顶端 from top to bottom从上到下;彻底地 On top of this,several other benefits are being offered. 除此以外,还有其他一些好处。 There should be an envelope on top of the fridge. 冰箱上面应该有一个信封。 H活学活用 完成句子 ①We missed our flight,and   on top of        (除……之外)that we had to wait seven hours for the next one. ②She was screaming   at the top of her voice  (高 声). 单句语法填空 ③(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) At  the top of a second page,put the heading“Acts of kindness.” On this one,list all the positive things youve done for others. ④The castle was built   on  top of a natural grassy                      mound. ""# ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - ! " . # # # # # 重点句式 1. As their population expanded,yet more land was needed for agriculture and more trees for construction. 随着人口的增加,农业需要更多的土地,建筑需要更多的树木。(教材P51) J 句式剖析 本句是一个复合句。more land was needed. . .是 主句,as意为“随着”,引导的是时间状语从句。 As he grew up,he knew more and more about nature. 随着他的成长,他越来越了解大自然。 As time went on,Tom began to realise the importance of study. 随着时间的推移,汤姆意识到了学习的重要性。 Z 知识拓展 (1)as表示“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句, 多强调主句和从句中的动作或状态同时发 生,从句可放在主句前,也可放在主句后。 As I waited at the stop,I heard a big noise. 我在车站等车时听到一个很大的声响。 (2)as表示“虽然……但是……”,引导让步状语 从句,从句通常用倒装语序,把从句的表语、 状语或动词原形放在as前面,可以用though 替代。 Child as he is,he knows a lot. 虽然他是个孩子,但他知道的东西很多。 Hard as it was raining,they went on working in the field. 虽然天下着大雨,但他们继续在田地里干活。 (3)as表示“按照”“依照”“像”,引导方式状语从 句,从句置于主句之后。 You should do as the teacher tells you. 你应当依照老师所说的去做。 (4)as表示“像……一样”,引导比较状语从句,对 主句和从句的动作或状态加以比较,说明它 们之间有相似之处,在从句中常省略与主句 相同的部分。 He doesnt work as hard as I (do). 他不像我工作那样努力。 (5)as意为“因为;由于”,引导的是原因状语从 句,通常为附加说明的理由,且是已知晓的 原因。 As she was not well,I went there alone. 因为她身体不好,所以我独自到那里去了。 H活学活用 写出下列句中as引导的是哪种从句 ① I dont want to set down series of facts as most people do.                       ②As they smiled at each other,harmony was restored again.                       ③Many countries are as poor as they have ever been.                       ④As they often play football together,they have got to know each other quite well.                       ⑤ Difficult as the road for these students after graduation will be,their futures are bright.                                                                   2. Its oncegreat cities fell into ruin,leaving various mysteries for later people to solve. 它曾经的大城市荒废了,留下了各种各样的谜团等待后人去解决。(教材P51) J 句式剖析 leaving various mysteries for later people to solve是 “leave +宾语+宾语补足语”结构,to do表示动作 将要发生。 We hurriedly ended our meeting,leaving many problems to be settled. 我们匆忙结束了会议,留下许多问题有待解决。 Z 知识拓展 (1)leave sb. doing作宾语补足语的动词ing形式 和宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系,表示动作在 进行。 It is wrong of you to leave the machine running. 你让机器一直运转是错误的。 The boy went away,leaving the water running. 那个小男孩走了,水依然流淌             。 ""$ # # # # # / 0 1 2 # 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; (2)leave sth. done作宾语补足语的过去分词和宾 语有逻辑上的动宾关系,表示被动或完成。 The boy went to sleep,leaving his homework unfinished. 那个小孩没有做完作业就睡觉了。 Father hurried out, leaving his supper untouched. 爸爸没有吃完饭就匆匆忙忙出去了。 H活学活用 单句语法填空 ①Tom went to buy lunch,leaving John   repairing           (repair)the car. ②They finished most of the work,leaving the rest to be done  (do)the next day. ③The guests left most of the dishes   untouched  (untouch)because they were not tasty. ④(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them,one steamer is rarely enough,yet two seems greedy,so I am always left wanting  (want) more next time. 完成句子 ⑤You can   leave the window open  (让窗户开着)                    . 难句解析 1. Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young age,15yearold Canadian William Gadoury thought he had made an incredible discovery from his study of ancient star charts. J 句式分析 该句为复合句。Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young age在句中作  状语  ,intrigued与句 子主语15yearold Canadian William Gadoury为   动宾  关系,所以用过去分词形式;he had made an incredible discovery from his study of ancient star charts为省略了that的  宾语  从句。 Z 自主翻译 翻译:            2. What is most extraordinary about these complex structures is how they were built without the use of wheels,metal tools or even animal power. J 句式分析 该句为一个主系表结构的复合句。名词性从句 What is most extraordinary about these complex structures在句中作  主语  ;how引导的部分为 表语。 Z 自主翻译 翻译:  那些复杂的建筑结构最不同寻常的是, 它们是怎样在没有轮滑、金属工具甚至畜力的情 况下建造的。                                      3. It contained more than 800 characters,with some signs representing animals,people and objects and others representing syllables. J 句式分析 该句为一个简单句。with some signs representing animals,people and objects and others representing syllables是with的复合结构作  定语  ,修饰 characters;signs 与represent 之间存在逻辑上 的  主谓  关系,所以用动词的ing形式。 Z 自主翻译 翻译:                  4. The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious. J 句式分析 该句为一个复合句。The fact是主语,Maya society was technologically primitive为  同位语从句  ,解 释说明fact的内容;its achievements为宾语,两个 形容词incredible和mysterious为宾语补足语  。 Z 自主翻译 翻译:              ""% ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - ! " . # # # # # 5. Its oncegreat cities fell into ruin,leaving various mysteries for later people to solve. J 句式分析 该句为一个简单句。Its oncegreat cities fell into ruin为主要成分,leaving various mysteries for later people to solve为现在分词短语在句中作结果状 语        ,表示一种自然而然    的结果。 Z 自主翻译 翻译:          : ; < = > ? Ⅰ.单词拼写 1. Athens,the birthplace of western civilisation  ,is the capital of Greece. 2.(2023·北京丰台区模考)As the myth goes,a frightened ostrich (鸵鸟)will bury  its head in the sand to make itself invisible to the hunter. 3. He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss  him. 4. The forests disappeared gradually due to the rapid expansion  of agriculture. 5. It rained for a whole week,and the old house fell into ruin  . 6. The company has decided to abandon  the project because of financial shortage. 7. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading   canal  (运河)engineers. 8. In ninth grade,he studied   astronomy  (天文 学)and the origin of the universe. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1. When these organisms die,they bury carbon   in       the deep ocean,an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. 2. This newness just left me   wanting  (want) more. 3. But the problem should not   be dismissed  (dismiss)out of hand,as it has been by some AI researchers. 4. In order to pass the class,among other criteria,we had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class   to   our future professions and,eventually,to our lives. 5.   On  top of that,most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients,because meat and milk products may easily go bad. 6. The challenge is all   the  more serious when you consider the demanding exercise required to bike from France to Poland. 7. Wang collected more than 7 million   abandoned       (abandon)bricks of different ages. 8. Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining  (ruin)the atmosphere of peace? Ⅲ.选词填空 fall into ruin,correspond to,all the more,deal with, on top of,apply. . . to,make a great discovery 1. As we can see,many ancient sculptures   fell into ruin  after the earthquake. 2. The arms of a man   correspond to  the wings of a bird. 3. Because of their courage and daring and idealism, we will miss them   all the more  . 4. When I worked in Florida I   dealt with  British people all the time. 5. They stood   on top of  the hill,drinking in the beauty of the garden city. 6. Marketing is   applied to  everything these days,and books are no exception. 7. That scientist was awarded the first prize because he   made a great discovery  last year. Ⅳ.完成句子 1.埋头阅读,他没有注意到装饰了许多装饰物的 圣诞树。   Buried in reading   ,he didnt notice the Christmas tree decorated with many decorations. 2.别人怎么看你并不重要,最重要的是你如何看 待自己。 It doesnt matter   what others think of you  , and   what matters most   is how you see yourself. 3.在人群的欢呼声中,他们驱车来到皇宫                                                          。 ""& # # # # # / 0 1 2 # 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; They drove to the palace,   with the crowds cheering  . 4.她儿子没被大学录取的事实使她失望。   The fact that her son wasnt admitted into a university  made her disappointed. 5.山上有座庙,庙里住着三个和尚。 On the top of the mountain   lies a temple  ,in which live three monks. 请同学们认真完成练案[17         ] Section Ⅱ  Using language + , - . / 0 Ⅰ.核心单词 1.           n.逃跑,逃走 2.   retreat  v.后退;离开;退避 3.   subdue  v.克制,抑制(情绪) 4.           adj.地图上没有标明的 5.           v.探索,探究 6.           v.退缩,畏缩 7.           n.调查→   investigate  v.调查;研 究;审查 Ⅱ.重点短语 1. make a getaway   2. test the waters   3. run for ones life   4. throw oneself into   5. shrink from   6.                 调查;检查 7.                 避开……;从……处脱身 8.                 动身踏上(漫长的)旅途 9.                 再三考虑;慎重考虑 10.                 调查(问题) Ⅲ.经典句式 “might + have done”结构 . . .   it might have been  for communicating or for staying warm,but not just for flight. ……它可能是为了交流或保持温暖,但不只是为 了飞行。 Ⅳ.语法探究 感知以下课文原句,完成下面的小题 1. Through comparison,he found that the locations of the 117 known Maya cities correspond to the positions of the stars. 2. Based on this,he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle. 3. What is most extraordinary about these complex structures is how they were built without the use of wheels,metal tools or even animal power. 4. The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious. 5. Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a mystery. 6. By changing the landscape in this way,it is possible that the Maya people unknowingly reduced their ability to deal with natural disasters. 1.以上各句都是主从复合句,句中用了相当于  名词  作用的从句(即名词性从句)在句中充当 成分。 2.名词性从句可在句中作宾语,如句1和句2;句 2中的宾语从句省略了引导词  that  。 3.名词性从句可在句中作  主语  ,如句3中 what引导的部分和句5中why引导的部分。 4.名词性从句可在句中作  主语  ,且可用it作   形式主语      ,真正的主语置于句末,如句6。 5.名词性从句可在句中作  表语  ,如句3中how 引导的部分。 6.名词性从句可在句中作  同位语  ,如句4                                                   。 ""'

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Unit 5 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(学案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第四册同步学习指导(外研版2019)
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Unit 5 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(学案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第四册同步学习指导(外研版2019)
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Unit 5 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(学案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第四册同步学习指导(外研版2019)
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Unit 5 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(学案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第四册同步学习指导(外研版2019)
4
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