内容正文:
(三)1. frustration 2. sharing 3. is taking 4. to 5. the
6. As 7. faster 8. companies 9. Finally 10. is
课内要点探究
核心词汇
1. ① sorrowful ② sorrows ③ To ④ shares my joys
and sorrows
2.①hired ②on ③ themselves ④out ⑤hired himself
out to ⑥for / on
重点短语
1.①off ②off ③over ④in ⑤up ⑥on
2.①a ②in ③do me a favour ④ask you a favour
⑤in favour of
3.①to their advantage ②has the / an advantage over
③take advantage of ④have the advantage of
重点句式
1.①or ②or
③whether his team wins or loses
④Whether he invites me or not / Whether or not he invites me
2. ① leaving ② to find ③ leaving ④ allowing more
patients to be treated ⑤only to be told that his wife had
left him
3.①As you can imagine ②As is often the case ③as is
known to all
4.①as ②was interviewed ③writing
难句解析
1.状语 定语 that
心理学家们将其作为研究的对象,发表了各种各样的
论文来说明分享行为有助于建立积极的情感纽带。
2.让步状语 where 定语
无论是我们能以最低价格租用名牌服装的网店,还是
可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台,都已出现。
3.主语 表语
然而,毫无疑问的是,共享经济与我们的日常生活以及
全球经济越来越相关。
随堂达标验收
Ⅰ. 1. expense 2. purse 3. hire 4. rent 5. sorrow
6. frustration 7. theft 8. abuse
Ⅱ. 1. to 2. responses 3. hired 4. to rent 5. expensive
6. expenses 7. in 8. off
Ⅲ. 1. as is often the case 2. thereby causing 3. What is in
no doubt 4. such a cute baby that 5. Separated from other
continents;not found in
Ⅳ. 1. As is often the case
2. there is no need to turn up the volume
3. Whether you agree or not
4. as my weight is easy to gain
5. highlight the difference in world living standards
Section Ⅳ Writing—Writing an
argumentative paper
核心词汇
1. with the development of 2. be of great benefit to 3. to
tell the truth 4. on the Internet 5. surf the Internet
连词成句
1. what they want 2. brings them more convenience 3. by
surfing the Internet 4. immediately the new brands are
advertised 5. I buy almost everything I need
句式升级
1. People can buy what they want through the Internet without
going out,which brings them more convenience.
2. They can shop for the top brands by surfing the Internet,
where they can choose what they need immediately the new
brands are advertised.
3. To tell the truth,it is on the Internet that I buy almost
everything I need now.
组句成篇
参考范文:
With the development of the Internet,shopping on the
Internet is becoming more popular. People can buy what they
want through the Internet without going out,which brings them
more convenience.
Shopping on the Internet is of great benefit to the
customers. First,they can shop for the top brands by surfing
the Internet,where they can choose what they need
immediately the new brands are advertised. Second,they can
get the goods at the best prices.
In my opinion,it is good to shop on the Internet. To tell
the truth,it is on the Internet that I buy almost everything I
need now.
Unit 5 Into the unknown
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
课前自主预习
Ⅰ. 1. civilisation 2. intrigue 3. bury 4. pyramid 5. canal
6. tropical 7. cyclone 8. megadrought 9. downfall
10. ruin 11. dismiss 12. astronomy;astronaut
13. abandon;abandoned 14. expansion;expand
Ⅱ. 1. correspond to 2. be based on 3. be surrounded by
4. apply. . . to. . . 5. all the more 6. a combination of
7. deal with 8. lead to 9. at different rates 10. fall
into ruin
Ⅲ. 1. Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young age
2. that Maya society was technologically primitive
3. leaving various mysteries for later people to solve
Ⅳ.(一)1. C
2. Para. 1 B Para. 2 E Para. 3 D Para. 4—5 A
Para. 6 C
(二)1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A
(三)1. equipment 2. which 3. using 4. that 5. However
6. disappeared 7. various 8. to solve 9. shortages
10. ultimately
课内要点探究
核心词汇
1.①Buried ②Burying ③ buried ④ burying ⑤ bury
your feelings ⑥ buried her face in her hands ⑦ has
buried himself in his work或has been buried in his work
2.①in ②into ③ruins;was ruined
④The rain ruined our holiday. We had to change our plans.
⑤has damaged ⑥were destroyed ⑦ruined
3.①abandoned ②herself ③studying ④abandoned
⑤was abandoned to
重点短语
1.①to / with ②correspondence ③with
2.①for ②to ③application ④applicants ⑤be applied
to practice
3.①on top of ②at the top of her voice ③At ④on
重点句式
1.①方式状语从句 ②时间状语从句 ③比较状语从句
④原因状语从句 ⑤让步状语从句
2.①repairing ② to be done ③untouched ④wanting
⑤
leave the window open
—722—
难句解析
1.状语 动宾 宾语
从很小的时候就对玛雅文明感兴趣,15岁的加拿大男
孩威廉·甘德瑞认为自己从对古代星象图的研究中有
了一个惊人的发现。
2.主语
那些复杂的建筑结构最不同寻常的是,它们是怎样在
没有轮滑、金属工具甚至畜力的情况下建造的。
3.定语 主谓
它含有800多个字,还有一些符号代表动物、人、物体
等,其他符号代表音节。
4.同位语从句 宾语补足语
事实上,玛雅社会在技术上是比较原始的,这使得它的
这些成就更加难以置信,更加神秘。
5.结果状语 自然而然
它曾经的大城市荒废了,留下了各种各样的谜团等待
后人去解决。
随堂达标验收
Ⅰ. 1. civilisation 2. bury 3. dismiss 4. expansion 5. ruin
6. abandon 7. canal 8. astronomy
Ⅱ. 1. in 2. wanting 3. be dismissed 4. to 5. On 6. the
7. abandoned 8. ruining
Ⅲ. 1. fell into ruin 2. correspond to 3. all the more
4. dealt with 5. on top of 6. applied to 7. made a
great discovery
Ⅳ. 1. Buried in reading 2. what others think of you;what
matters most 3. with the crowds cheering 4. The fact that
her son wasnt admitted into a university 5. lies a temple
Section Ⅱ Using language
课前自主预习
Ⅰ. 1. getaway 2. retreat 3. subdue 4. uncharted
5. delve 6. shrink 7. investigation;investigate
Ⅱ. 1.逃跑;逃走 2.试水,试探 3.逃命 4.积极投入
到……中去 5.避免做;不愿做;逃避,躲避 6. check out
7. steer clear of 8. set out 9. think twice 10. look into
Ⅲ. it might have been
Ⅳ. 1.名词 2. that 3.主语 4.主语;形式主语 5.表语
6.同位语
课内要点探究
核心词汇
①from ②making ③has shrunk ④shrinks from
⑤shrank with cold
重点短语
1.①(把钱等)取出 ②检查 ③结账 ④checked in
⑤make / have a quick check ⑥by check
2.①set down ②set up ③set aside ④set about painting
⑤set out to paint ⑥began painting
3.①looking through ②look up to ③looking forward to
④looked after ⑤ look into ⑥ look ahead to ⑦ look
down upon / on ⑧look up to
重点句式
①might / may have known ②must have done ③neednt
have worried ④couldnt have written
单元语法精析
语法达标训练
1. that 2. what 3. that 4. that 5. that 6. that 7. that
8. what 9. whether 10. What 11. that 12. how 13. that
14. where 15. what
随堂达标验收
Ⅰ. 1. getaway 2. retreat 3. uncharted 4. delve
5. shrinks 6. investigations
Ⅱ. 1. out 2. twice 3. out 4. to shrink 5. into
Ⅲ. 1. check out 2. ran for our lives 3. amounted to
4. think twice 5. throw myself into
Ⅳ. 1. where he lives 2. That the earth goes around the sun
3. made it clear that 4. what my father has taught me
5. where we are now
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
课前自主预习
Ⅰ. 1. archaeological 2. coral 3. millimetre 4. upwards
5. trench 6. equivalent 7. stack 8. furthermore
9. notable 10. substance 11. vessel 12. drilling;drill
Ⅱ. 1.起航 2.继续做 3.给……提供了一个窗口
4.保持纪录 5. be equivalent to 6. beyond the reach of
7. final frontier 8. at the rate of 9. as well as
Ⅲ. 1. Lying under waters across the globe are 2. if any
3. conducted by these vessels;taking deepsea exploration into
a whole new era 4. as familiar to us as
Ⅳ.(一)1. B
2. Para. 1 B Para. 2 C Para. 3 D Para. 4 E Para. 5 A
(二)1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B
(三)1. that 2. to explore 3. are made 4. darkness
5. Amazing 6. the 7. completely 8. as 9. conducted
10. taking
课内要点探究
重点短语
1.①across ②for ③from
2.①in a low voice ②at the lost of ③at the rate of
重点句式
1.①If so ②If not ③If necessary ④if taken ⑤needed
⑥living
2.①given ②Assuming ③Seeing ④speaking
3.①reported ②to have acted ③is thought;that ④It is
generally believed that ones preference for color can reflect
ones personality.
4.①or ②come ③Do
难句解析
1.定语 定语 creatures 表语
在200多米以下、阳光照不到的那些水域里,生存着一些
看起来就像是直接从科幻小说中走出来的奇异生物。
2.后置定语 宾语 结果
这些船只进行的研究使科学家们对海床的形成有了更
深入的了解,并帮助确定了深海钻探的区域,使深海勘
探进入了一个全新的时代。
随堂达标验收
Ⅰ. 1. notable 2. Furthermore 3. substance 4. shipwreck
Ⅱ. 1. set 2. to get / getting 3. a 4. of 5. Sitting 6. that
7. If 8. Considering 9. beyond 10. have spotted
Ⅲ. 1. Standing beside the desk was Tom
2. both of which
3. Given that he apologized to me
4. to have known the secret
5. Both playing well
Ⅳ. 1. In the square stands a tower
2. Given that there was so little time
3. some of which have gone bad
4. Gone are the days when
5. seemed not to have discussed;
Furthermore
—822—
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Unit 5 Into the unknown
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One of the greatest mysteries on the Earth is the statues(雕像)standing on Easter Island. Easter Island
is one of the most remote islands on the Earth. It is in the southern Pacific Ocean,2,300 miles west of the
coast of Chile and 2,500 miles southeast of Tahiti.
Who built these statues and why and how did they get there?Nobody knows the answer for sure,but
many are trying to find it out. It has even been suggested that space aliens may have played a role regarding
the statues. There are also other theories about them.
One theory suggests that Easter Island was occupied by Polynesian sailors,who traveled thousands of
miles in their canoes(独木舟),guided by the stars and the birds making flights out to look for food. They
first arrived on the island in 400 AD. However,they were trapped by the current (洋流).
The Easter Islanders had their own system of writing,different from any other in the world. No other
Pacific Islanders knew how to write. Who taught the Easter Islanders how to write,or did they develop their
own system?
In brief,Easter Island continues to be one of the worlds greatest unexplained mysteries.
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Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
+ , - . / 0
Ⅰ.核心单词
1. civilisation n.文明(社会)
2. intrigue v. (因奇特或神秘而)激起……的
兴趣,引起……的好奇心
3. bury v.将……埋在下面
4. pyramid n.金字塔
5. canal n.运河
6. tropical adj.来自热带的;产于热带的
7. cyclone n.气旋;旋风
8. megadrought n.超级干旱
9. downfall n.衰败
10. ruin n.残垣断壁,废墟
11. dismiss v.拒绝考虑,否定
12. astronomy n.天文学→ astronaut n.宇
航员
13. abandon v.离弃,逃离→ abandoned
adj.被抛弃的
14. expansion n.扩大;增加→ expand v.扩
大;增加
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. correspond to 和……一致
2. be based on 以……为基础
3. be surrounded by 被……包围
4. apply. . . to. . . 把……应用到……中
5. all the more 更加
6. a combination of ……的结合
7. deal with 应付;对付
8. lead to 导致;通向
9. at different rates 以不同的速度
10. fall into ruin 衰落,败落
Ⅲ.经典句式
1.过去分词短语作状语
Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very
young age ,15yearold Canadian William
Gadoury thought he had made an incredible
discovery from his study of ancient star charts.
从很小的时候就对玛雅文明感兴趣,15岁的加
拿大男孩威廉·甘德瑞认为自己从对古代星象
图的研究中有了一个惊人的发现。
2. that引导同位语从句
The fact that Maya society was technologically
primitive makes its achievements all the more
incredible and mysterious.
事实上,玛雅社会在技术上是比较原始的,这使
得它的这些成就更加难以置信,更加神秘。
3.现在分词短语作结果状语
Its oncegreat cities fell into ruin, leaving
various mysteries for later people to solve .
它曾经的大城市荒废了,留下了各种各样的谜
团等待后人去解决。
Ⅳ.课文预读
(一)快读文章,把握大意
1. Whats the main idea of the passage? C
A. William Gadourys new discovery about the
Maya civilisation.
B. A true writing system that the Maya people had
created.
C. Some possible reasons why the Maya civilisation
fell down.
D. How the Maya civilisation was formed.
2. Read the passage and match the main idea of each
paragraph.
Para. 1 A. Why Maya civilisation
collapsed.
Para. 2 B. A Canadian boy spotted
an unknown Maya city
buried deep in the
jungle.
Para. 3 C. We should learn from the
downfall of the Maya
civilisation.
Paras. 4—5 D. What caused the Maya to
abandon their cities.
Para. 6 E. Maya civilisation has been
surrounded by mystery.
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(二)精读文章,品读细节
1. Which of the following is TRUE about William
Gadoury? B
A. He found that the Maya created a true writing
system.
B. He thought he had discovered an unknown city
in the jungle.
C. He has a good command of the Maya
characters.
D. He made a discovery about how the Maya built
these impressive temples and palaces.
2. What caused the downfall of the Maya civilisation?
D
A. Fighting between cities.
B. A serious disease.
C. A natural disaster.
D. Still unknown.
3. What do people know about the Maya writing system?
C
A. It is similar to the present writing system that
Americans use today.
B. It contained more than 8,000 words and signs.
C. It is very complicated and hard to interpret.
D. Some words were used to represent animals,
objects and syllables.
4. When did Maya civilisation reach its highest level?
B
A. Before 700 BC.
B. By 700 AD.
C. In the early 16th century.
D. At around 900 AD.
5. What achievement of the Maya makes us amazed?
A
A. They had a good knowledge of mathematics and
astronomy.
B. They carved some beautiful paintings on stones.
C. They built some pyramids using only animal
power.
D. They created the Maya calendar which was
accurate to within 30 minutes.
(三)重读文章,激发潜能
The Maya created great civilisation. They built
many impressive temples and palaces without the use
of modern 1. equipment (equip ). They also
invented their own calendar 2. which was accurate
to within 30 seconds per year,3. using (use)their
understanding of mathematics and astronomy. Their
writing system was so complicated 4. that no one
has been able to interpret it completely.
5. However ,only after a couple of generations,the
Maya civilisation 6. disappeared (disappear)
within the deep jungle,leaving 7. various (vary)
mysteries for later people 8. to solve (solve). Some
scientists believe that the droughts were the main
reason why it collapsed. The droughts led to food
9. shortages ( shortage ), conflicts and
10. ultimately (ultimate),the downfall of the
cities.
1 2 % & 3 4
1.科普知识
side effects副作用
test out试验
in the field of science在科学领域
carry out scientific experiments进行科学实验
make / achieve a breakthrough作出/取得突破性进展
be flooded with. . .充斥着……
come into being / existence形成;产生
further scientific evidence for. . .进一步证实
……的科学根据
be comfortable with. . .对……应付自如
make contributions to society为社会做贡献
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2.科技发展
artificial intelligence人工智能
face recognition technology人脸识别技术
advanced science and technology先进科技
be in the lead处于领先地位
opportunities and challenges机遇和挑战
remote control遥控
surf the Internet上网
information technology信息技术
throw away outdated equipment / devices扔掉过时
的设备/装置
have a strong objection to. . .强烈反对……
+ 5 6 7 8 9
核心词汇
1. bury v.将……埋在下面;埋葬;埋藏
bury. . . in. . .把……埋到……里
be buried in. . . = bury oneself in. . . 专心致志
于……
bury ones face in ones hands某人双手掩面
He was buried in a novel(= He buried himself in a
novel),so he didnt notice me come in.
他埋头读小说,所以没有注意到我进来了。
She buried her face in her hands and wept when she
heard the bad news.
当她听到那个坏消息时,她双手掩面而泣。
Their ambitions were finally dead and buried.
他们的雄心壮志最终消亡而被埋葬。
H活学活用
单句语法填空
① Buried (bury)in his study,he wasnt aware
that all the others had left.
② Burying (bury)his face in his hands,he tried
to control his weeping.
句式升级
He sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading.
→ ③ He sat at a wooden table, buried in
reading.(过去分词短语作状语)
→④He sat at a wooden table, burying himself
in reading.(现在分词短语作状语)
结合bury的相关用法完成句子
⑤ If you find yourself wanting to bury your
feelings (掩藏你的感情)deep inside you,dont
do it. Instead,express them in a reasonable way.
⑥When she realised what happened to her children,
she buried her face in her hands (双手掩面)
and cried.
⑦Since he took over the project,he has buried
himself in his work或has been buried in his work
(一直埋头于他的工作)
.
2. ruin n.残垣断壁,废墟vt.毁灭;使破产
(1)in ruins破败不堪;严重受损
fall / come into ruin成为废墟,被毁掉;衰落
be reduced to ruins沦为废墟
(2)ruin sth. / sb. / oneself毁坏某物/毁掉某人/自己
be ruined by. . .被……毁坏/破坏
ruin ones health / fame / future毁了某人的健康/
名誉/前途
When they returned to their hometown the next day,
they found it in ruins.
当他们第二天回到故乡的时候,他们发现那里已
经是废墟了。
A large number of houses fell / came into ruin after
the big flood.
洪水过后,大批的房屋被毁掉了。
This mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.
这个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。
Y易混辨析
ruin / destroy / damage
易混词 区别 英语释义
ruin
强调“毁坏,毁灭”,
使美好的事物失去
优良的特性或特
征,且不能恢复
to damage sth. or have a
completely negative effect
on it so that it is no
longer at all successful,
enjoyable or useful
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destroy
多指彻底的、毁灭
性的破坏,含不能
或很难修复的意
味。也可指毁掉一
个人
to damage sth. so badly
that it no longer exists,
works;to ruin sb. s
life completely
damage
多指对无生命物体
的损害,造成价值
降低、功能破坏等
后果,含仍可能修
复的意味。也可指
对健康等带来不良
影响
to cause physical harm to
sth., making it less
attractive, useful or
valuable;to have a bad
effect on sb. / sth.
H活学活用
单句语法填空
①(2024·山东济南期末)The earthquake in
Tangshan caused great damage,leaving the city
in ruins.
②She went through a period of emotional adjustment
(情绪调整)after her company fell into ruin
and she finally decided to find a new job.
③We visited the ruins of the Summer Palace
last winter. It was ruined by foreign
invaders (侵略者).(ruin)
单句写作
④这场雨毁了我们的假期。我们不得不改变计
划。(ruin)
选词填空(ruin / destroy / damage)
⑤(2023·1月浙江高考卷)Habitat loss,pesticide
use,and climate change have caused dramatic
declines in pollinator populations over the past
couple of decades, which has damaged
(damage)the U. S. agricultural economy.
⑥Data shows that nearly 19,770 acres of rainforests
in Brazil were destroyed between August
2015 and July 2016.
⑦I got caught in the rain on my way home and my
new suit got ruined
.
3. abandon v.离弃,逃离n.放任;放纵
(1)abandon doing sth.放弃做某事
abandon oneself to. . .沉溺于……,纵情于……(to
为介词)
(2)with abandon无约束地,放任地
abandoned adj.被遗弃的;被抛弃的;废弃的
be abandoned to. . .沉湎于……
Our car broke down halfway. We had to abandon our
car and walk the rest of the way.
我们的车半路抛锚了。我们只好弃车,走完剩下
的路。
Abandoning himself to the sorrow of losing his cat,
Steven just couldnt help crying.
斯蒂芬沉湎于丢失了他的猫的悲伤中,禁不住哭
了起来。
He owned a farm,which looked almost abandoned.
他有一个农场,看上去几乎废弃了。
H活学活用
单句语法填空
①Anadariya farm is one of many abandoned
(abandon)irrigation farms in northern Nigeria.
② She admitted that she abandoned herself
(she)to a life of pleasure.
③ To our surprise,he abandoned studying
(study)Chinese literature at college.
④The car was found abandoned (abandon)in
the desert.
句型转换
⑤Without worrying about anything,she abandoned
herself to a life of pleasure.
→ Without worrying about anything,she was
abandoned to
a life of pleasure.
重点短语
1. correspond to相当于;与……相符
(1)correspond vt.相一致;相符合;相当于;通信
correspond with / to. . .与……一致/相符/相类似
correspond with sb.与某人通信
(2)correspondence n.信件;通信
in correspondence with. . .与……通信;和……
一致
Do you ever correspond with your overseas friends
?
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你和你国外的朋友通过信吗?
These goods dont correspond with / to the list of those
I ordered.
这些货物与我的订货单不相符。
I have been in correspondence with his private
consultant about the problem.
关于这问题,我和他的私人顾问一直书信往来。
H活学活用
单句语法填空
① The written record of the conversation doesnt
correspond to / with what was actually said.
② They have been in correspondence
(correspond)with each other since they left
university.
③In the past,it was difficult to correspond with
our relatives.
2. apply. . . to. . .把……应用到……
(1)apply vt.涂;应用vi.申请;请求;使用
apply oneself to致力于;集中精力于
apply to. . .适应/适用……
apply (to. . .)for. . .(向……)申请……
(2)applicant n.申请人
application n.申请;请求;应用
In this way they can better apply theory to practice.
这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。
I should apply for the post if I were you. I think you
stand a good chance.
如果我是你的话,我一定去申请这个职位。我认
为你大有希望。
Faulks has applied himself to this task with
considerable energy.
福克斯为这项任务倾注了大量精力。
His application for membership of the organization was
rejected.
他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。
H活学活用
单句语法填空
① If you want to apply for a job at the office
where I work,Ill put in a good word for you.
②(2023·高考全国甲卷)Youll soon find that the
more patience you practice,the more you start to
apply it to other,more annoying situations.
③(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)You can download the
application (apply)and subscribe
獉
today to get
your first issue free.
④All applicants (apply)must have a drivers
license and access to a car.
完成句子
⑤We take it for granted that theory must be
applied to practice (应用于实践)
.
3. on top of除……之外;在……上面
on top of the world欢天喜地,心满意足,非常自豪
at the top of ones voice高声地,放声地
at the top of. . .在……的顶端
from top to bottom从上到下;彻底地
On top of this,several other benefits are being
offered.
除此以外,还有其他一些好处。
There should be an envelope on top of the fridge.
冰箱上面应该有一个信封。
H活学活用
完成句子
①We missed our flight,and on top of
(除……之外)that we had to wait seven hours for
the next one.
②She was screaming at the top of her voice (高
声).
单句语法填空
③(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) At the top of a
second page,put the heading“Acts of kindness.”
On this one,list all the positive things youve done
for others.
④The castle was built on top of a natural grassy
mound.
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重点句式
1. As their population expanded,yet more land was needed for agriculture and more trees for
construction.
随着人口的增加,农业需要更多的土地,建筑需要更多的树木。(教材P51)
J 句式剖析
本句是一个复合句。more land was needed. . .是
主句,as意为“随着”,引导的是时间状语从句。
As he grew up,he knew more and more about nature.
随着他的成长,他越来越了解大自然。
As time went on,Tom began to realise the importance of
study.
随着时间的推移,汤姆意识到了学习的重要性。
Z 知识拓展
(1)as表示“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句,
多强调主句和从句中的动作或状态同时发
生,从句可放在主句前,也可放在主句后。
As I waited at the stop,I heard a big noise.
我在车站等车时听到一个很大的声响。
(2)as表示“虽然……但是……”,引导让步状语
从句,从句通常用倒装语序,把从句的表语、
状语或动词原形放在as前面,可以用though
替代。
Child as he is,he knows a lot.
虽然他是个孩子,但他知道的东西很多。
Hard as it was raining,they went on working in
the field.
虽然天下着大雨,但他们继续在田地里干活。
(3)as表示“按照”“依照”“像”,引导方式状语从
句,从句置于主句之后。
You should do as the teacher tells you.
你应当依照老师所说的去做。
(4)as表示“像……一样”,引导比较状语从句,对
主句和从句的动作或状态加以比较,说明它
们之间有相似之处,在从句中常省略与主句
相同的部分。
He doesnt work as hard as I (do).
他不像我工作那样努力。
(5)as意为“因为;由于”,引导的是原因状语从
句,通常为附加说明的理由,且是已知晓的
原因。
As she was not well,I went there alone.
因为她身体不好,所以我独自到那里去了。
H活学活用
写出下列句中as引导的是哪种从句
① I dont want to set down series of facts as most
people do.
②As they smiled at each other,harmony was restored
again.
③Many countries are as poor as they have ever
been.
④As they often play football together,they have got
to know each other quite well.
⑤ Difficult as the road for these students after
graduation will be,their futures are bright.
2. Its oncegreat cities fell into ruin,leaving various mysteries for later people to solve.
它曾经的大城市荒废了,留下了各种各样的谜团等待后人去解决。(教材P51)
J 句式剖析
leaving various mysteries for later people to solve是
“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”结构,to do表示动作
将要发生。
We hurriedly ended our meeting,leaving many
problems to be settled.
我们匆忙结束了会议,留下许多问题有待解决。
Z 知识拓展
(1)leave sb. doing作宾语补足语的动词ing形式
和宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系,表示动作在
进行。
It is wrong of you to leave the machine running.
你让机器一直运转是错误的。
The boy went away,leaving the water running.
那个小男孩走了,水依然流淌
。
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(2)leave sth. done作宾语补足语的过去分词和宾
语有逻辑上的动宾关系,表示被动或完成。
The boy went to sleep,leaving his homework
unfinished.
那个小孩没有做完作业就睡觉了。
Father hurried out, leaving his supper
untouched.
爸爸没有吃完饭就匆匆忙忙出去了。
H活学活用
单句语法填空
①Tom went to buy lunch,leaving John repairing
(repair)the car.
②They finished most of the work,leaving the rest
to be done (do)the next day.
③The guests left most of the dishes untouched
(untouch)because they were not tasty.
④(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy
them,one steamer is rarely enough,yet two seems
greedy,so I am always left wanting (want)
more next time.
完成句子
⑤You can leave the window open (让窗户开着)
.
难句解析
1. Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young age,15yearold Canadian William Gadoury
thought he had made an incredible discovery from his study of ancient star charts.
J 句式分析
该句为复合句。Intrigued by Maya civilisation from
a very young age在句中作 状语 ,intrigued与句
子主语15yearold Canadian William Gadoury为
动宾 关系,所以用过去分词形式;he had made
an incredible discovery from his study of ancient star
charts为省略了that的 宾语 从句。
Z 自主翻译
翻译:
2. What is most extraordinary about these complex structures is how they were built without the
use of wheels,metal tools or even animal power.
J 句式分析
该句为一个主系表结构的复合句。名词性从句
What is most extraordinary about these complex
structures在句中作 主语 ;how引导的部分为
表语。
Z 自主翻译
翻译: 那些复杂的建筑结构最不同寻常的是,
它们是怎样在没有轮滑、金属工具甚至畜力的情
况下建造的。
3. It contained more than 800 characters,with some signs representing animals,people and objects
and others representing syllables.
J 句式分析
该句为一个简单句。with some signs representing
animals,people and objects and others representing
syllables是with的复合结构作 定语 ,修饰
characters;signs 与represent 之间存在逻辑上
的 主谓 关系,所以用动词的ing形式。
Z 自主翻译
翻译:
4. The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more
incredible and mysterious.
J 句式分析
该句为一个复合句。The fact是主语,Maya society
was technologically primitive为 同位语从句 ,解
释说明fact的内容;its achievements为宾语,两个
形容词incredible和mysterious为宾语补足语 。
Z 自主翻译
翻译:
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5. Its oncegreat cities fell into ruin,leaving various mysteries for later people to solve.
J 句式分析
该句为一个简单句。Its oncegreat cities fell into
ruin为主要成分,leaving various mysteries for later
people to solve为现在分词短语在句中作结果状
语 ,表示一种自然而然 的结果。
Z 自主翻译
翻译:
: ; < = > ?
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. Athens,the birthplace of western civilisation ,is
the capital of Greece.
2.(2023·北京丰台区模考)As the myth goes,a
frightened ostrich (鸵鸟)will bury its head in
the sand to make itself invisible to the hunter.
3. He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss
him.
4. The forests disappeared gradually due to the rapid
expansion of agriculture.
5. It rained for a whole week,and the old house fell
into ruin .
6. The company has decided to abandon the project
because of financial shortage.
7. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading
canal (运河)engineers.
8. In ninth grade,he studied astronomy (天文
学)and the origin of the universe.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1. When these organisms die,they bury carbon in
the deep ocean,an important process that
helps to regulate the global climate.
2. This newness just left me wanting (want)
more.
3. But the problem should not be dismissed
(dismiss)out of hand,as it has been by some AI
researchers.
4. In order to pass the class,among other criteria,we
had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what
we would learn in class to our future
professions and,eventually,to our lives.
5. On top of that,most of the 3D food printers
now are restricted to dry ingredients,because meat
and milk products may easily go bad.
6. The challenge is all the more serious when
you consider the demanding exercise required to
bike from France to Poland.
7. Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned
(abandon)bricks of different ages.
8. Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a
crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining
(ruin)the atmosphere of peace?
Ⅲ.选词填空
fall into ruin,correspond to,all the more,deal with,
on top of,apply. . . to,make a great discovery
1. As we can see,many ancient sculptures fell
into ruin after the earthquake.
2. The arms of a man correspond to the wings of
a bird.
3. Because of their courage and daring and idealism,
we will miss them all the more .
4. When I worked in Florida I dealt with British
people all the time.
5. They stood on top of the hill,drinking in the
beauty of the garden city.
6. Marketing is applied to everything these
days,and books are no exception.
7. That scientist was awarded the first prize because
he made a great discovery last year.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.埋头阅读,他没有注意到装饰了许多装饰物的
圣诞树。
Buried in reading ,he didnt notice the
Christmas tree decorated with many decorations.
2.别人怎么看你并不重要,最重要的是你如何看
待自己。
It doesnt matter what others think of you ,
and what matters most is how you see
yourself.
3.在人群的欢呼声中,他们驱车来到皇宫
。
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They drove to the palace, with the crowds
cheering .
4.她儿子没被大学录取的事实使她失望。
The fact that her son wasnt admitted into a
university made her disappointed.
5.山上有座庙,庙里住着三个和尚。
On the top of the mountain lies a temple ,in
which live three monks.
请同学们认真完成练案[17
]
Section Ⅱ Using language
+ , - . / 0
Ⅰ.核心单词
1. n.逃跑,逃走
2. retreat v.后退;离开;退避
3. subdue v.克制,抑制(情绪)
4. adj.地图上没有标明的
5. v.探索,探究
6. v.退缩,畏缩
7. n.调查→ investigate v.调查;研
究;审查
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. make a getaway
2. test the waters
3. run for ones life
4. throw oneself into
5. shrink from
6. 调查;检查
7. 避开……;从……处脱身
8. 动身踏上(漫长的)旅途
9. 再三考虑;慎重考虑
10. 调查(问题)
Ⅲ.经典句式
“might + have done”结构
. . . it might have been for communicating or for
staying warm,but not just for flight.
……它可能是为了交流或保持温暖,但不只是为
了飞行。
Ⅳ.语法探究
感知以下课文原句,完成下面的小题
1. Through comparison,he found that the locations
of the 117 known Maya cities correspond to the
positions of the stars.
2. Based on this,he believed he had spotted an
unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle.
3. What is most extraordinary about these complex
structures is how they were built without the use
of wheels,metal tools or even animal power.
4. The fact that Maya society was technologically
primitive makes its achievements all the more
incredible and mysterious.
5. Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a
mystery.
6. By changing the landscape in this way,it is
possible that the Maya people unknowingly
reduced their ability to deal with natural
disasters.
1.以上各句都是主从复合句,句中用了相当于
名词 作用的从句(即名词性从句)在句中充当
成分。
2.名词性从句可在句中作宾语,如句1和句2;句
2中的宾语从句省略了引导词 that 。
3.名词性从句可在句中作 主语 ,如句3中
what引导的部分和句5中why引导的部分。
4.名词性从句可在句中作 主语 ,且可用it作
形式主语 ,真正的主语置于句末,如句6。
5.名词性从句可在句中作 表语 ,如句3中how
引导的部分。
6.名词性从句可在句中作 同位语 ,如句4
。
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