Unit 2 Lessons in life二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（外研版）

高中选择性必修第四册外研版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit2】Lessons in life二 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 pure pjoa(t)/adj.纯净的，洁净 absurd/ab's3:d/adj.荒唐的，愚 stroke/strauk/v.轻抚，抚摸 的 蠢的 instinctively /m'stmktivli/adv. transparent/traens'prant/adj.lean/Iin/V.倚，靠 本能地 透明的 Madame/ma'dem/n.夫人，太despair/d'spea(r)/n.绝望 vexed/vekst/adj.恼火的 太，女士 luxury/lk∫ari/n.奢华，奢侈 词义辨析及同义替换 1. pure /pjva(r)/adj.纯净的，洁净的 词义辨析： pure:侧重指物质纯粹、不含杂质，也可指思想或动机纯洁，无贬义。 clean:强调“干净的、无污垢的”，应用范围更广，可用于具体物品或抽象概念。 同义替换： clean,clear 例句： The water in this mountain stream is so pure that you can drink it directly 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The air in the countryside is and fresh,which is good for health A.pure B.dirty C.heay(答案：A) 2.transparent/rens'paerant/adj.透明的 词义辨析： transparent::指物体“透明的，可透过光线的”，也可比喻“坦率的、易懂的”。 clear:强调“清晰的、不模糊的”，可指视力、声音或思路等清晰。 同义替换： clear,see-through 高中选择性必修第四册外研版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： The transparent glass allows sunlight to fill the room 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册单元检测） The instructions are written in language so that everyone can understand them easily A.transparent B.complex C.vague (答案：A) 3.absurd/b's3:d山adj.荒唐的，愚蠢的 词义辨析： absurd:指因不符合常理或逻辑而显得“荒谬可笑的”，语气较强。 ridiculous:侧重指“极其愚蠢、滑稽的”，强调令人发笑的程度。 同义替换： ridiculous,foolish 例句： It's absurd to believe that the earth is flat in the 21st century. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册模块练习) His suggestion that we should swim in the frozen lake was considered by all of us. A.absurd B.reasonable C.practical(答案：A) 4.despair/d'spea(r)/n.绝望 词义辨析： despair:指因彻底失去希望而产生的“绝望情绪”，是名词，常用搭配in despair。 hopelessness:含义与despair相近，但更侧重“无希望的状态”，为抽象名词。 同义替换： hopelessness,desperation 例句： She fell into despair when she heard the bad news. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册期末复习） The team didn't give up even in the face of A.despair B.hope C.joy (答案：A) 5.luxury/lki/n.奢华，奢侈 词义辨析： uxuy:指“奢侈的生活或物品”，强调超出基本需求的享受。 comfort:侧重指“舒适、安逸的状态或物品”，程度较luxury轻。 同义替换： opulence,extravagance 例句： Staying in a five-star hotel is a luxury for most people. 2 高中选择性必修第四册外研版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册阅读拓展） In some poor areas,clean water is not a but a necessity. A.luxury B.waste C.burden (答案：A) 6.lean/1in/v.倚，靠 词义辨析： lean:指身体“倾斜、倚靠”在某物上，以保持平衡或休息。 Iest:含义更广，可指“休息、倚靠”，也可指“放置、寄托”。 同义替换： rest,rely 例句： He leaned against the wall and took a deep breath 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册语法练习） She likes to her head on her mother's shoulder when she is tired A.lean B.push C.throw (答案：A) 7.stroke/strauk/v.轻抚，抚摸 词义辨析： sok:指用手“轻柔地抚摸”，带有喜爱或安慰的意味。 pat:侧重指“轻拍”，通常用手掌快速拍打，如pat sb.on the back。 同义替换： caress,.轻抚 例句： The mother stroked her baby's hair gently 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册情景对话） The old man the dog's head and smiled kindly. A.stroked B.hit C.kicked (答案：A) 8.instinctively/Im'stmktrvli/adv.本能地 词义辨析： instinctively:指“出于本能地”，强调行为由天生反应驱动，而非思考。 naturally:侧重指“自然地、天生地”，可用于形容性格或行为习惯。 同义替换： naturally,automatically 例句： He instinctively raised his arm to protect his face when the ball flew towards him 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册完形填空） Animals can sense danger before it happens. A.instinctively B.slowly C.carelessly (答案：A) 高中选择性必修第四册外研版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 9.vexed /vekst/adj.恼火的 词义辨析： vexed:指因问题复杂或情况棘手而感到“烦恼的、恼火的”，书面语用词。 annoyed:侧重因打扰或不愉快的小事而“恼怒的”，口语中常用。 同义替换： annoyed,irritated 例句： The manager was vexed by the constant delays in the project. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册阅读理解） She was with her brother for breaking her favorite vase. A.vexed B.pleased C.excited (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The water in this mountain stream is so that you can drink it directly. A.pure B.dirty C.heavy 2.The instructions are written in language so that everyone can understand them easily. A.transparent B.complex C.vague 3.His suggestion that we should swim in the frozen lake was consideredby all of us A.absurd B.reasonable C.practical 4.The team didn't give up even in the face of A.despair B.hope C.joy 5.In some poor areas,clean water is not a but a necessity A.luxury 4 高中选择性必修第四册外研版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.waste C.burden 6.She likes to her head on her mother's shoulder when she is tired. A.lean B.push C.throw 7.The old man the dog's head and smiled kindly. A.stroked B.hit C.kicked 8.Animals can sense danger before it happens A.instinctively B.slowly C.carelessly 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The air in the countryside is p_ and fresh,which is good for health. 2.Thet glass allows sunlight to fill the room. 3.It's a to believe that the earth is flat in the 21st century. 4.She fell into d when she heard the bad news. 5.Staying in a five-star hotel is a l for most people. 6.Hel against the wall and took a deep breath 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The mother (stroke)her baby's hair gently. 2.He (instinctive)raised his arm to protect his face when the ball flew towards him. 3.The manager was (vex)by the constant delays in the project. (pure)water is essential for drinking and cooking. 5.She (despair)when she realized she had lost her passport. 四、完成句子（每空一词） J 高中选择性必修第四册外研版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 1.她因弟弟打碎了她最喜欢的花瓶而感到恼火。 She was with her brother for breaking her favorite vase 2.这杯水如此纯净，以至于可以直接饮用。 The water in the cup is drink directly. 3.他本能地伸手去接掉落的杯子。 He his hand to catch the falling cup 4.村民们依靠干净的山泉为生。 The villagers the clean mountain spring for their lives. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In a small mountain village,the villagers value the (pure)of their water source.The stream flows through transparent rocks,and its water is so (clean)that children often drink it directly. One winter,a traveler suggested swimming in the frozen stream,which everyone thought was (absurd).The villagers never lost hope even in times of(despair);they knew clean water was a necessity,not a (luxury).An old man often (lean)by the stream, (stroke)his dog's head,and said,"We (instinctive)protect what keeps us alive." 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A Ⅱ根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.pure 2.transparent 3.absurd 4.despair 5.luxury 6.leaned/leant I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.stroked 2.instinctively 3.vexed 4.Pure 5.despaired V完成句子 1.vexed 2.so;pure;that 3.instinctively;stretched 4.lean;on V.语篇填空 1.purity 2.clean 3.absurd 4.despair 5.luxury 6.leaned/leant 7.stroked 8.instinctively 6