Unit 3 Sea Exploration 一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（人教版）

高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 精讲专版 【Unit3】Sea Exploration 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 tale/terl/n.故事；叙述 owm独领风骚 politics/'pplatiks/n.政治：政治 merchant/'m3tant/n.商人：批royal/rIal/adj.皇家的：王室观点 发商adj.海上货运的 的：高贵的 profession /pra'fen/n.职业；行 set sail短语起航；开航 spice/spas/n.(调味)香料 业 extend/k'stend/t.扩展；使伸withdraw /wi0'dro:/vi.&t.tournament/'to3 namant/n.锦标 长：延长 (withdrew,withdrawn)(使)撤▣；赛；联赛 negotiate /ni'gauJieit/.t.商定；撤离withdraw from退出；撤▣mixture/'mikstfa()/n.混合：结 达成（协议）vi.谈判：磋商；协channel/t∫enl/n.航道；海峡；合体；混合物 商 频道 laptop/'laeptpp/n.笔记本电脑： fleet/fli:t/n.舰队；机群；车队maritime'maeritai/adj.海的；便携式电脑 behold /bI'hald/vt.(beheld,be-海运的：海事的 coverage/'kAvarid/n.新闻报 held看；看见 bond /bond/n.纽带：关系t.&道；覆盖范围 league /li:gn.等级；水平；联vi.增强信任关系：使牢固结合 合会：联赛in a league of one's inhand短语在手头；可供使用 词义辨析及同义替换 1. tale/ter/n.故事；叙述 词义辨析： tale:侧重指虚构的、带有传奇色彩或民间流传的故事，如神话、传说等，也可指“谎言”。 soy:含义最广，泛指一切口头或书面的“故事”，包括真实事件、小说、笑话等，日常使用频 率最高。 同义替换： story,narrative 例句： The old man told us a tale about the sea. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习） 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 Children enjoy listening to fairy before going to bed. A.tales B.stories C.news (答案：A) 2.extend/k'stend/t.扩展；使伸长；延长 词义辨析： extend:侧重指在空间、时间或范围上“延伸、扩展”，也可指“伸出（手臂等）”。 expand:强调体积、数量或规模的“扩大、膨胀”，如业务扩张、气球膨胀等。 同义替换： stretch,expand,prolong 例句： The company plans to extend its business to Asia 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4单元测试） We need to_the meeting by 30 minutes because there are still many topics to discuss. A.extend B.expand C.spread(答案：A) 3.negotiate/nI'gaofiert/t.商定；达成（协议）vi.谈判：磋商 词义辨析： negotiate:侧重指双方通过正式或非正式的“谈判、协商”以达成协议，常与介词with连用。 bargain:指为达成交易而“讨价还价”，强调价格或条件上的争执与妥协。 同义替换： discuss,consult,bargain 例句： The two countries are negotiating a new trade agreement. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4阅读理解改编） The workers_with the boss for better working conditions last month A.negotiated B.bargained C.argued (答案：A) 4.league /li:g/n.等级；水平；联合会；联赛 词义辨析： league:作“联合会、联赛”时，指体育或政治等领域的正式组织，如足球联赛；作“等级”时， 常用搭配in a league of one'sowm(独领风骚)。 level:侧重指“水平、等级”，可指技能、知识、地位等，如英语水平、工资等级。 同义替换： level,association,union 例句： Our school team is in a league of its own in the city basketball competition 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4词汇填空） Her painting skills are in a different from mine-she's much better. A.league B.level C.class (答案：A) 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.withdraw /w'dro:/vi.&t.(withdrew,withdrawn)(使)撤▣；撤离 词义辨析： withdraw:侧重指“主动撤回、撤离”，如撤军、提款、退出比赛等，常用搭配withdraw from。 retreat:指因失败、危险等“撤退、退缩”，带有被动或被迫的意味，如军队撤退、退缩不前。 同义替换： retreat,pull out,remove 例句： The army was forced to withdraw from the area 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4语法填空） He decided to from the competition due to illness. A.withdraw B.retreat C.escape (答案：A) 6.bond /bpnd/n.纽带：关系vt.&i.增强信任关系：使牢固结合 词义辨析： bod:作名词时，指人与人之间情感上的“纽带、亲密关系”，或化学上的“键”：作动词时，强 调通过共同经历等“建立紧密联系”。 tie:泛指“联系、纽带”，可指情感、血缘、责任等，语气较bond弱，如family ties(家庭关系)。 同义替换： link,connection,unite 例句： Shared hobbies created a strong bond between the two friends 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4完形填空） Thebetween parents and children is one of the strongest in the world. A.bond B.tieC.relation（答案：A) 7.profession/pr3'fen/n.职业；行y业 词义辨析： profession:指需要专业知识和技能的“职业”，如医生、律师、教师等，常需通过专业培训或资 格认证。 job:泛指任何有报酬的“工作”，范围最广，可指临时或长期的职位，如兼职工作、全职工作。 同义替换： career,occupation,vocation 例句： Teaching is a profession that requires patience and responsibility. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4书面表达） Many young people choose to pursue a-in science and technology. A.profession B.jobC.work(答案：A) 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 8.mixture/mikst fa(r)/n.混合：结合体：混合物 词义辨析： miⅸture:指两种或多种物质物理上的“混合”（未发生化学变化），也可指抽象事物的“结合体”， 如文化的融合。 compound:指两种或多种元素化学上的“化合物”，如水(HO)是氢和氧的化合物。 同义替换： blend,combination,mix 例句： The drink is a mixture of milk and fruit juice. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4化学相关阅读） Salt is a_of sodium and chlorine. A.compound B.mixture C.blend (答案：A) 9.coverage/'kAvarid3n.新闻报道；覆盖范围 词义辨析： coverage:作“新闻报道”时，指媒体对某事件的“全面报道”；作“覆盖范围”时，可指保险、 信号、服务等的覆盖区域。 report::指具体的“新闻报道、报告”，强调内容的呈现，是可数名词，如a news report(一则新 闻报道)。 同义替换： reportage,scope,range 例句： The media provided extensive coverage of the international conference. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4阅读理解） The_of the new 5G network will reach most rural areas next year A.coverage B.report C.scope(答案：A) l0.withdraw /wr'dro:/vi.&t.(withdrew,withdrawn)(使撤▣：撤离（重复选取以补充真题） 词义辨析（补充)： withdraw from:强调“从某活动、组织或场所中退出”，如withdraw from the race(退出比赛)。 pull out of:与withdraw from同义，但更口语化，如pull out of the project(退出项目)。 例句 She withdrew from the competition after injuring her leg 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4完形填空改编） The team decided to_of the tournament due to financial problems. A.withdraw B.pull out C.quit(答案：B) 11.royal/oIal/ad.皇家的：王室的：高贵的 4 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： royal:特指与“国王、女王或王室”相关的，如royal family(王室)、royal palace(皇宫)。 noble:指“贵族的、高贵的”，可形容人地位高或品质高尚，如a noble family(贵族家庭)、noble behavior(高尚行为)。 同义替换： kingly,imperial,noble 例句： The royal wedding was watched by millions of people around the world. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4历史相关阅读) The family of England has a history of over 1,000 years. A.royal B.noble C.imperial(答案：A) l2.maritime/'mnaertam/adj.海的：海运的：海事的 词义辨析： maritime:正式用词，指与“海洋、海运、海事”相关的，如maritime law(海商法)、maritime trade(海上贸易)。 marine:侧重指“海洋的、海生的”，如marine life(海洋生物)，也可指“海军的”。 同义替换： naval,oceanic,seafaring 例句： The country has a long maritime history and strong shipping industry. 综合演练 综合练习 一、单项选择 1.The old fisherman told us a_about a magical mermaid living in the deep sea A.tale B.story C.news 2.Our school plans to the library hours to 9 p.m.during exam week. A.extend B.expand C.spread 3.The two companies area partnership to develop new energy technology. 5 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.negotiating B.bargaining C.arguing 4.Her singing skills are in a different from other contestants-she will surely win the competition. A.league B.level C.class 5.Due to the bad weather,the team decided tofrom the outdoor activity. A.withdraw B.retreat C.escape 6.The strongbetween grandparents and grandchildren is based on love and care. A.bond B.tie C.relation 7.Many young people dream of pursuing ain medicine to save lives. A.profession B.job C.work 8.The drink is aof coffee,milk,and sugar,which tastes very delicious. A.mixture B.compound C.blend 9.The media provided wideof the Olympic Games,allowing people worldwide to watch the events. A.coverage B.report C.scope 10.The family of Spain attended the opening ceremony of the art exhibition last week. A.royal B.noble C.imperial 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.1 The sailors shared m_stories about their adventures across the ocean. 2.The government plans to ethe subway line to connect the new airport. 6 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 3.Workers are nwith the factory for better pay and safer working conditions. 4.The local football 1_attracts thousands of fans every weekend. 5.She decided to w from the competition after her injury. 6.The emotional bbetween siblings often lasts a lifetime. 7.Teaching requires not only knowledge but also a sense ofr for students. 8.The coastal city has a long mhistory of trade with foreign countries. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The two countries have been(negotiate)a trade agreement for over six months. 2.Shared experiences can(bond)people together in difficult times 3.This job requires a high level of(profession)skills and training 4.The(mix)of different cultures in this city creates a unique social atmosphere 5.The company announced the(extend)of its product line to include eco-friendly items. 6.She felt honored to meet the(royal)family during her visit to the palace. 四、完成句子 l.The old man often tells his grandchildren_(民间故事)about brave heroes 2.To meet the needs of more students,the school decided_(延长图书馆开放时间) 3.The two sides finally_(达成协议)after three days of intense discussions. 4.Her artistic talent is_(独领风骚)among her peers in the painting class. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 7 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 The small coastal town has a rich maritime history.Local fishermen often gather at the har- bor to share (1)_(tale/story)of their voyages.Last year,the town council decided to (2) (extend/expand)the harbor to accommodate larger ships,hoping to boost trade.To achieve this, they(3)-(negotiated/bargained)with a construction company for months.During the project,work- ers from different backgrounds formed a strong(4)(bond/tie).One worker,a former sailor,even taught others about(5)(maritime/marine)safety laws.The project's success brought pride to the town,and the new harbor's(6)(coverage/range)now includes international routes.Today,the town's economy is thriving,and its people often say,"Our(7)-(profession/trade)has been reborn through cooperation." 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ根据句意及首字母提示填空 1tale 2.extend 3.negotiating 4.league 5.withdraw 6.bond 7.responsibility 8.mar- itime I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.negotiating 2.bond 3.professional 4.mixture 5.extension 6.royal V.完成句子 1.fairy tales 2.to extend the library hours 3.negotiated an agreement 4.in a league of her own V.语篇填空 1.tales 2.extend 3.negotiated 4.bond 5.maritime 6.coverage 7.trade P