Unit 3 Mind and body B部分-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（沪外版）

高中沪外版 【选择性必修第三册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 【Unit3】Mind and body B部分 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 absorb/ab'sob/v.吸收（液体、drown /draun/V.浸透：淹没：态系统 气体等) 浸泡：（使）淹死，溺死 microscopic maikra'skopik/ apparently/A'paerantli/adv.看honourable/'pnarabl/ad.可敬adj.微小的：微观的 来；显然：据…所知 的：值得钦佩的 decay/dr'kev.腐烂：腐朽：衰 distinctive/dr'stmktiv/adj.独likelihood/'larklihod/n.可能； 败 特的：特别的：有特色的 可能性 usable/ju:zabl/adj.可用的；能 concentration/konsn'trerfn/n.isolated/'arsaletid/adj.隔离用的 浓度；含量；专心：专注 的：孤立的：脱离的 namely/'nermli/ad.即：也就 convert /kan'v3t/V.（使)转creature./kri:tfo/n.生物：动物是 变，转换，转化 ecosystem /'i:kausistam/n. 词义辨析及同义替换 1.absorb/ab'sb/v.吸收（液体、气体等） 词义辨析： bsorb:侧重”吸收（液体、气体、光、热等）”，也可指”理解、掌握（知识）”，强调被吸收 的物质或内容融入主体内部。 tein:除”吸收”外，还可表示”理解、领会”欺骗”收留”，含义更广泛，口语化较强。 同义替换： take in,soak up 例句： Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） This kind of cloth canwater quickly,so it is good for making towels. A.absorb B.reflect C.produce (答案：A) 2.apparently/月paerantli/adv.看来；显然：据…所知 词义辨析： 高中沪外版 【选择性必修第三册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 apparently:强调”表面上看起来”，可能与事实相符或不符，带有推测意味。 obviously:侧重”明显地、显而易见”，指事实或道理非常清晰，无需推测。 同义替换 obviously,seemingly 例句： Apparently,he has no idea about the meeting tomorrow. 真题链接： (沪外版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试) the young man didn't tell the truth to his parents. A.Apparently B.Suddenly C.Luckily (答案：A) 3.distinctive/d'stuktrv/ad.独特的；特别的：有特色的 词义辨析： distinctive:指”有区别的、独特的'，强调能体现事物本质特征，使人易于识别。 distinct:意为”清晰的、明显的”，侧重'界限分明、不模糊'，如a distinct smell(明显的气味)。 同义替换： unique,characteristic 例句： The hotel has a distinctive style of traditional Chinese architecture 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册专项练习） Her voice is so that I can recognize it even in a crowd. A.distinct B.distinctive C.similar (答案：B) 4.concentration/,kpnsn'teIn/n.浓度；含量：专心：专注 词义辨析： concentration:作，专心”时，指”全神贯注的状态”；作”浓度”时，指溶液中溶质的含量。 foc1s:侧重”焦点、中心”，作名词时可指”注意力集中的点”，动词短语focus on更常用。 同义替换： focus,attention 例句： High concentration of salt in water is harmful to fish 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） To solve this problem,you need to keep your and think carefully. A.concentration B.imagination C.curiosity (答案：A) 5.convert/kan'v3t/v.(使)转变，转换，转化 词义辨析： convert:强调”形式、性质、用途的改变'，如能量转换、信仰改变，常与介词into/to搭配。 2 高中沪外版 【选择性必修第三册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 change:含义最广，泛指'改变、变化'，可指任何形式的转变，如change one's mind(改变主 意)。 同义替换： transform,turn 例句： Solar panels can convert sunlight into electricity. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试） We need to this old factory into a library to serve the community. A.convert B.build C.destroy(答案：A) 6.drown/dran/v.浸透；淹没：浸泡：（使）淹死，溺死 词义辨析： d血owm:指”（人或动物)淹死”或”（声音、物品）被淹没”，强调被液体完全覆盖。 f10od:侧重”（洪水）淹没（地区、建筑）”，主语多为洪水、雨水等。 同义替换： submerge,flood 例句： The heavy rain drowned the small village last night. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） If you can't swim,don't go too deep into the river,or you may A.drown B.freeze C.tave(答案：A) 7.likelihood/'larklihud/n.可能；可能性 词义辨析： likelihood:正式用语，指”某事发生的可能性”，常用搭配in all likelihood（很可能)。 possibility:普通用词，泛指，可能性”，可指任何潜在的机会或结果，如There is a possibility of rain 同义替换： possibility,chance 例句： There is a high likelihood of snow tomorrow. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册专项练习） What is the of winning the game if we keep training hard? A.likelihood B.ability C.difficulty (答案：A) 8.isolated/'asalertid/adj..隔离的；孤立的；脱离的 词义辨析： isolated:指”地理上或情感上与外界隔绝的’，强调'孤独的、孤立无援的”。 高中沪外版 【选择性必修第三册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 separated:意为”分离的、分开的”，侧重”与某人或某物在空间上分离'，如separated from family 同义替换： lonely,detached 例句： The village is isolated from the city by mountains 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试） After the accident,he felt from his friends and colleagues. A.isolated B.connected C.satisfied(答案：A) 9.ecosystem/'i:kausIstam/n.生态系统 词义辨析： ecosystem:指生物群落与环境相互作用形成的'生态系统'，强调生物与非生物因素的整体关 联。 environment:泛指”自然环境”，包括空气、水、土壤等，范围更广，不强调系统性。 同义替换： ecological system 例句： Human activities have a great impact on the forest ecosystem 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） Protecting the is important for the survival of all living things. A.ecosystem B.machine C.building (答案：A) 10.decay/d'ke/v.腐烂；腐朽：衰败 词义辨析： decy:指”（有机物）腐烂、腐朽'或”（社会、制度）衰败”，强调自然或逐渐的破坏过程。 rot:口语中常用，侧重因细菌作用而腐烂”，如meat rotting in the sun。 同义替换： rot,decompose 例句： Dead plants decay and become part of the soil 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册专项练习） Without proper preservation,the food will quickly in hot weather. A.decay B.grow C.cook (答案：A) ll.namely/'nemmli/adv.即；也就是 词义辨析： namely:用于对前文内容进行具体说明，意为”即、也就是”，其后常接名词或名词短语。 高中沪外版 【选择性必修第三册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 that is:与namely同义，但更口语化，可缩写为i.e.,后可接句子。 同义替换： that is,i.e. 例句： He likes fruits,namely apples,bananas and oranges 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） There are three colors in the flag, red,white and blue A.namely B.instead C.however (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.This special sponge can water quickly,making it useful for cleaning up spills. A.absorb B.reflect C.produce 2. the project was completed ahead of schedule,but the team admitted there were hidden prob- lems. A.Apparently B.Suddenly C.Luckily 3.The brand's logo has a design that customers can recognize immediately. A.distinct B.distinctive C.similar 4.To solve this math problem,you need full and avoid distractions. A.concentration B.imagination C.curiosity 5.The old train station will be into a modern art gallery next year. A.convert B.build C.destroy 高中沪外版 【选择性必修第三册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 6.Without rain for months,the small lake began to _threatening the local wildlife. A.decay B.grow C.cook 7.The remote village is by mountains,with no roads connecting it to the city A.isolated B.connected C.satisfied 8.Protecting the natural is crucial for maintaining biodiversity in the area. A.ecosystem B.machine C.building 9.The of salt in this solution is too high for human consumption. A.concentration B.focus C.attention 10.There is a high of rain tomorrow,so remember to take an umbrella A.likelihood B.ability C.difficulty 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.Plants a carbon dioxide and release oxygen during photosynthesis. 2.Her d voice made her the best choice for the school's radio host. 3.The lab requires precise measurements of chemical c to ensure safety. 4.The abandoned house began to d after years of neglect. 5.The island's unique e supports many rare species of birds. 6.He felt i after moving to a new city where he knew no one. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The company plans to (convert)old warehouses into affordable housing. 2.High (concentrate)of sugar in drinks can lead to health problems. 6 高中沪外版 【选择性必修第三册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 3.The artist's (distinct)style combines traditional and modern elements. 4.She spoke so quietly that her words were almost (drown)out by the noise. 5 (apparent),the new policy has reduced traffic congestion in the downtown area. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这种布料的特殊结构使其能快速吸收水分。 The special structure of this cloth allows it to quickly. 2.他的口音很独特，一听就能分辨出来。 His accent is so that it can be recognized immediately. 3.为了提高学习效率，我们需要保持专注。 To improve learning efficiency,we need to maintain 4.森林生态系统的破坏会影响整个区域的气候。 The destruction of the forest will affect the climate of the entire region. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Coral reefs are vital (ecosystem)that support marine life.They_ (absorb)carbon dioxide and protect coastlines from erosion.However,rising ocean temperatures have increased the (likely)of coral bleaching.A(distinct)sign of damage is the loss of their bright colors as algae die off.To save reefs,scientists are working to _(convert)solar energy into cooling systems for affected areas.Without action,these fragile ecosystems may (decay)within decades,leaving many species isolated and endangered. 参考答案 【单项选择 1.A2.A3.B4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.absorb 2.distinctive 3.concentration 4.decay 5.ecosystem 6.isolated ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.convert 2.concentration 3.distinctive 4.drowned 5.Apparently 7 高中沪外版 【选择性必修第三册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 V.完成句子 1.absorb water 2.distinctive 3.concentration 4.ecosystem V.语篇填空 1.ecosystems 2.absorb 3.likelihood 4.distinct 5.convert 6.decay 8