Unit 3 Mind and body A部分-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（沪外版）

选择性必修第三册沪外版 【Unit3】 Mind and body A部分 词汇精讲 【Unit3】Mind and body A部分 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 prehistory/,pri'histri/n.史前时 不可理解之事：奥秘 运送，输送 期：远古时期 radiocarbon dating/,reidi'ka:b3itrilithon/tra'lon/n.三石塔 monument/mvnjum3nt/n.历史'det/n.碳定年法（根据测定（一种史前建筑结构，由两块竖 遗迹：有历史价值的建筑 古物不同形态的碳含量以计算立巨石上架另一块巨石构成) enormous /I'no:mas/adj. 巨大年代) incredible/n'kredabl/adj.不能 的：庞大的 pyramid/'piramid/n.（古埃及相信的：难以置信的 measure/'me3/v.(指尺寸、长的)金字塔 original/A'Td3ml/adj.原来的； 短、数量等)量度为：测量；度archaeologist/,aki'Dlad3Ist/n.起初的：最早的（仅用于名词 量 考古学家 前) length1eθ/n.长；长度 cemetery/sematri/n.（尤指不dedicate oneself to献身：致力； origin/Drd3m/n.起源；源头；靠近教堂的)墓地，坟地，公墓专心 起因 bone /baun/n.骨头；骨 take place尤指根据安排或计划 mystery/'mIstri/n.神秘的事物：transport /trans'po:t/v.运输，发生，进行 词义辨析及同义替换 1. enormous/'no:mas/adj.巨大的：庞大的 词义辨析： enormous: 侧重形容体积、数量或程度“极大的”，强调超出常规的规模，语气较强。 huge:含义广泛，可指具体事物尺寸大或抽象概念（如数量、程度）“巨大的”，日常使用频率 高。 同义替换： huge,massive,gigantic 例句： The pyramid is an enormous structure built by ancient Egyptians. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习) The museum has a(n) collection of prehistoric artifacts. 选择性必修第三册沪外版 【Unit3】 Mind and body A部分 A.enormous B.tiny C.light (答案：A) 2.mystery/'mIstri/n.神秘的事物：不可理解之事；奥秘 词义辨析： ystery:指“难以理解的事物、谜团”，侧重未知性和探究性，既可指具体事件也可指抽象概念。 puzzl©：侧重“需要解决的难题或谜题”，强调逻辑性和解决过程，常指智力或逻辑上的困惑。 同义替换： puzzle,enigma,riddle 例句： The origin of Stonehenge remains a mystery to archaeologists. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试） Scientists are working hard to solve the of the ancient tomb's construction A.mystery B.history C.story (答案：A) 3.incredible/m'kredabl/adj.不能相信的；难以置信的 词义辨析： incredible:指“令人难以置信的、惊人的”，强调因超乎寻常而让人难以相信，可用于褒义（如 “极好的”)或中性描述。 unbelievable::与incredible含义相近，更口语化，侧重“完全无法相信”，语气略强，常含夸张 意味。 同义替换： unbelievable,astonishing,amazing 例句： It's incredible that the ancient people transported such huge stones without modern tools 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册阅读专项） The discovery of the prehistoric settlement surprised the whole world. A.incredible B.common C.boring(答案：A) 4.original /a'rId3ml/adj.原来的：起初的：最早的（仅用于名词前) 词义辨析： original:强调“最初的、原始的”，指事物在时间或顺序上的起点，与后来的变化相对，仅作定 语。 initial:侧重“开始阶段的、最初的”，常用于描述过程或步骤的第一阶段，可作定语或表语（如 initial plan)。 同义替换： initial,primary,primitive 例句： The original design of the monument was different from what we see today. 2 选择性必修第三册沪外版 【Unit3】 Mind and body A部分 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册语法填空） Archaeologists found the (origin)entrance to the tomb under the ruins. (答案：original) 5.dedicate oneself to献身；致力：专心 词义辨析： dedicate oneself to:侧重“全身心投入于某事业或目标”，隐含长期坚持和忠诚的态度，to后接 名词或动名词。 devote oneself to:与dedicate oneself to含义相近，强调“将时间、精力等奉献给”，语气略平和， 可互换使用。 同义替换： devote oneself to,commit oneself to,be devoted to 例句： The archaeologist dedicated herself to studying prehistoric cultures. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册完形填空） Dr.Li himself to the protection of cultural relics for over 30 years. A.dedicated B.compared C.limited(答案：A) 6.take place尤指根据安排或计划发生，进行 词义辨析： take place:指“按计划或安排发生”，无被动语态，主语通常是事件、活动等。 happen:侧重“偶然发生”，不带计划性，主语多为具体事件，也无被动语态。 occur:正式用语，可与happen互换，也可指“（想法、念头）浮现”。 同义替换： happen,occur,come about 例句： The ancient ceremony takes place every spring in the village. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册听力理解） -When will the lecture on prehistory?-Next Monday afternoon in the school hall. A.take place B.put off C.set up (答案：A) 7.transport/rens'p3t/v.运输，运送，输送 词义辨析： transport:指“通过交通工具长距离运输人或货物”，正式用语，强调运输的方式或过程。 caTy:含义广泛，指“随身携带或搬运”，不强调距离，可指人或物体的承载。 convey::侧重“传递、输送（抽象事物如信息、情感）”，也可指“运输（货物）”，较书面化。 同义替换： carry,convey,ship 例句： The stones were transported from mountains over 100 kilometers away. 3 选择性必修第三册沪外版 【Unit3】 Mind and body A部分 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册词汇运用） Rivers were important for goods in ancient times. A.transporting B.buying C.selling (答案：A) 8.origin/DId3n/n.起源；源头；起因 词义辨析： oigi:指“事物的起源、根源”，侧重时间上的起点或根本原因，可指具体事物（如文化、物 种)或抽象概念。 source:侧重“来源、出处”，指事物的源头或信息、资源的出处（如water source)。 同义替换： source,root,beginning 例句： Scientists are researching the origin of the ancient civilization along the river. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第三册阅读理解） The passage mainly discusses the of the traditional festival. A.origin B.future C.result (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The ancient temple has a(n)number of stone carvings,dating back over 2,000 years. A.enormous B.tiny C.light 2.Theof the universe is still a topic that scientists are trying to explore. A.mystery B.history C.story 3.It's that the old man climbed the 1000-step mountain without stopping to rest. A.incredible B.common C.boring 4.Dr.Wang has-herself to archaeological research for more than 40 years. A.dedicated 4 选择性必修第三册沪外版 【Unit3】 Mind and body A部分 B.compared C.limited 5.The international conference on cultural heritage protection willin Beijing next month. A.take place B.put off C.set up 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 l.The_(原来的)entrance to the palace was hidden behind the trees.. 2.The()of this traditional dance can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty. 3.It's_(难以置信的)that the ancient city was built in just three years. 4.The archaeologist spent her life()studying ancient tombs. 5.The annual festival()in the village square every spring. 6.The team made an()effort to protect the cultural relics from damage. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The(origin)plan was to start the excavation next week,but it was delayed. 2.She found it (incredible)that no one had discovered the cave before. 3.The workers_(transport)the heavy stones to the construction site yesterday. 4.The(mystery)disappearance of the explorer remains unsolved to this day. 5.He(dedicate)his whole life to the preservation of traditional arts 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.科学家们正在努力解开这个古老文明的一（谜团)。 Scientists are working hard to solve theof the ancient civilization. 2.这座桥的一（原始的）设计比现在看到的更加宏伟。 The_design of the bridge was more magnificent than what we see now. 3.她一（致力于）帮助贫困地区的孩子们接受教育。 She_herself to helping children in poor areas receive education. 选择性必修第三册沪外版 【Unit3】 Mind and body A部分 4.这场音乐会将一（举行）在市中心的大剧院。 The concert willat the Grand Theatre in the city center. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Archaeologists recently made an (1)(incredible/common)discovery in the mountain area.They found a well-preserved ancient village with(2)(enormous/tiny)stone houses.The (3)_(origin/ initial)residents of the village lived over 3,000 years ago,but the(4)(mystery/puzzle)ofwhy they left remains unknown. The team (5)(dedicate/devote)two years to the excavation.They believe the villagers (6) (transport/carry)building materials from miles away without modern tools.A local festival used to(7)-(take place/happen)here every autumn,according to the relics found. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A II.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.original 2.origin 3.incredible 4.dedicating 5.takes place 6.enormous I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.original 2.incredible 3.transported 4.mysterious 5.dedicated V.完成句子 1.mystery 2.original 3.dedicates herself to 4.take place V.语篇填空 1.incredible 2.enormous 3.original 4.mystery 5.dedicated 6.transported 7.take place 6