Unit 4 The senses三-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第一册（沪教版）

高中英语沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 精讲专版 【Unit4】The senses 词义辨析及综合训练 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 challenge/'faelmd3/n.挑战；艰bother/'bpa(r)/v.使（某人）烦 thunderstorm /'OAndasto:m/n. 巨任务 恼（或担忧） 雷雨：雷暴 investigate /i'vestigeit/v.调查；flow /fla/n.连贯；流畅 whisper/wIsp3(r)/V.耳语：低 侦查 quantity/'kwpntati/n.数量 语；悄声说 preference/'prefrans/n.偏爱：喜*spicy/'sparsi//adj.用香料调味 stare/ste)/v.盯着看：凝视 爱 的 creature/'kri:tfo(r)/n.生物；动 principle'prinsapl/,n.法则；原*tent/tent/n.帐篷 物 则 lamp /laemp/n.k灯 nerciless/m3:sIls/adj.残忍的 complaint/kam'plemnt/n.抱怨 hike /hark/v.去…远足；徒步switch/swt/v.关/开（电灯、 false/f:ls/adj.错误的：不正确旅行：n.远足：徒步旅行 机器等)：n.开关 的：不真实的：假的：伪造的incident/'nsidant/n.发生的事 disturb/d'st3b/v.打扰：干扰情（尤指不寻常的） 词义辨析及同义替换 1.disturb/d'st3b/.打扰：干扰 词义辨析： dstb:侧重指“以动作或声音打扰他人的安宁或专注”，程度较轻，如打扰睡眠、工作等。 bother:强调“因小事不断烦扰他人，使人不耐烦”，语气比disturb更强烈，可用于主动或被动 打扰。 同义替换： interrupt,trouble 例句： Please don't disturb me while I'm studying. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） The loud noise from the construction site our class,so the teacher had to stop teaching. A.bothered 高中英语沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 B.disturbed C.annoyed (答案：B) 2.complaint /kam'pleint/.n.抱怨 词义辨析： complaint:指“书面或口头的正式抱怨”，常与make a complaint搭配。 complaining:动词complain的动名词形式，强调“抱怨的动作或行为”，不可直接作名词。 同义替换： grievance,objection 例句： She made a complaint to the manager about the poor service 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试） After the meeting,many students had about the heavy homework A.complaints B.complains C.complaining (答案：A) 3.stare/stea()/v.盯着看：凝视 词义辨析： stare:强调“长时间、目不转睛地盯着看”，常含“粗鲁或惊讶”意味，搭配stare at。 glance:指“快速地瞥一眼”，时间短暂，搭配glance at。 同义替换： gaze,peer 例句： It's impolite to stare at strangers in public. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册阅读理解） The little girl at the strange creature in the zoo,unable to move A.stared B.glanced C.watched (答案：A) 4.switch/swtv.关/开（电灯、机器等）；n.开关 词义辨析： switch(v.):侧重“通过开关转换状态”，如开灯、换频道等，搭配switch on/off。 tum(v.):含义更广，可指“转动、转向”，也可表“打开/关闭”，口语中更常用tnon/of。 2 高中英语沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 同义替换： turn,toggle 例句： Please switch off the lights before leaving the room 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册词汇运用） Can you help me the TV to Channel 5?I want to watch the news. A.switch B.turn C.change (答案：A) 5.quantity/'kwpntati/n.数量 词义辨析： quantity:侧重“事物的总量或具体数目”，常用搭配a large quantity of(后接可数/不可数名词)。 number(n.):仅指“可数名词的数量”，搭配a large number of(后接可数名词复数)。 同义替换： amount,volume 例句： We need to buy a large quantity of rice for the winter. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册语法填空） A great of water is wasted every day in our school. (答案：quantity） 6.incident/'nsidant//n.发生的事情（尤指不寻常的） 词义辨析： incident:指“小事件、插曲”，也可指“冲突事件”，规模小于event。 event:强调“重大事件、活动”，如会议、比赛等。 同义替换： occurrence,episode 例句： The book describes a series of interesting incidents during his travel. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册完形填空） The traffic on the highway caused a long delay yesterday A.incident B.event C.accident (答案：A) 7.whisper/'wIspa(r)/V.耳语；低语；悄声说 高中英语沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 词义辨析： whisper:强调“低声说话，不让他人听见”，搭配whisper to sb.或whisper sth, murmur(v.):指“含糊不清地小声说话”，常含“抱怨或自言自语”意味。 同义替换： mutter,murmur 例句： She whispered a secret to her best friend 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册听力理解） What did the two girls do in the library? A.Shouted loudly B.Whispered to each other C.Laughed happily (答案：B) 8.false /fo:Is/adj.错误的：不正确的：不真实的；假的 词义辨析： false:侧重“与事实不符，虚假的”，可形容信息、证件等，如false news(假新闻)。 wmog:含义更广，可指“错误的、不当的”，也可指“有故障的”，口语中更常用。 同义替换： untrue,incorrect 例句： He spread false information about his competitor to damage their reputation. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册写作） It's important to tell the truth and avoid making promises A.false B.wrong C.fake (答案：A) 9.hike /haik/v.去…远足；徒步旅行：n.远足 词义辨析： hike(v.m.):特指“长途徒步旅行”，常与介词in/up搭配，如hike in the mountains。 wak(v.n.:泛指“步行”，距离可长可短，日常用语。 同义替换： trek,excursion 例句： We plan to hike to the top of the hill this weekend. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册阅读理解） What activity did the students do last Sunday? 高中英语沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 A.Swimming B.Hiking C.Camping (答案：B) 10.creature/"krit()/n.生物；动物 词义辨析： creature:可指“人、动物或虚构生物”，强调“有生命的个体”。 animal(n.):仅指“动物”，不包括人类 同义替换： being,organism 例句： The深海is home to many strange creatures. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册词汇辨析） The story tells of a magical that can talk and fly. A.creature B.animal C.beast (答案：A) 11.f1ow/f1au/n.连贯：流畅 词义辨析： flow(n):侧重“语言、文章等的连贯性”，也可指“水流、气流”。 fluency(n.):专指“语言表达的流利度”，如English fluency(英语流利度)。 同义替换： smoothness,continuity 例句： The flow of the article is logical,making it easy to read. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册写作指导） To improve the of your essay,use transition words like“however”and“therefore” A.flow B.fluency C.logic (答案：A) 12.merciless/'m3slas/adj.残忍的 词义辨析： merciless:强调“毫无怜悯之心，冷酷无情”，语气强烈，如a merciless killer。 cuel(adj.):侧重“故意使人痛苦，残忍的”，使用范围更广。 高中英语沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 同义替换： cruel,ruthless 例句： The merciless storm destroyed many houses in the village 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册完形填空） The king was known for being punishing anyone who opposed him A.merciless B.kind C.generous (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The sudden noise from the next roommy concentration,so I couldn't finish the report on time. A.bothered B.disturbed C.annoyed 2.Many customers made_about the slow service at the restaurant A.complaints B.complains C.complaining 3.The childat the colorful fireworks in the sky,filled with surprise A.stared B.glanced C.watched 4.Could you please_the radio to a lower volume?It's too loud. A.switch B.turn C.change 5.A largeof food and water was sent to the disaster area A.quantity B.number C.amount 6 高中英语沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 6.The traffic_on the highway caused a two-hour delay yesterday. A.incident B.event C.accident 7.The students_to each other during the exam,which made the teacher angry. A.shouted B.whispered C.laughed 8.It's wrong to spread information about others on the Internet. A.false B.wrong C.fake 9.We plan toto the mountain top this Sunday to watch the sunrise. A.swim B.hike C.camp 10.The novel describes a magical_that can talk and grant wishes. A.creature B.animal C.beast 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.It's impolite to s at people with disabilities in public. 2.The teacher asked us to write a letter of c_to the school about the broken chairs. 3.Please soff the lights when you leave the classroom to save energy. 4.A large qof rain fell last night,causing floods in some areas. 5.The little girl was scared by the strange c_in the horror movie 6.The flow of the article is not smooth;we need to improve its c. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The(merciless)storm destroyed hundreds of houses in the village. 2.She made a_(complain)to the manager about the poor quality of the product. 高中英语沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 3.We need to buy a large_(quantity)of books for the new library. 4.It's important to avoid making-(false)promises to others. 5.The students(whisper)during the class meeting,which disturbed the teacher. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.请不要在我工作时打扰我。 Please don't me while I'm working. 2.她向警方投诉了那家商店的服务。 She made ato the police about the store's service. 3.为了提高作文的连贯性，我们应该使用过渡词。 To improve the_of the essay,we should use transition words. 4.他盯着那个陌生人，想知道他是谁。 He_at the stranger,wondering who he was. 5.大量的水被浪费在这个工厂里。 A large_of water is wasted in this factory. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Last week,our class went on a field trip to the zoo.When we arrived,a loud noise from the monkey cage(disturb/bother)our teacher,who was explaining the schedule.She askedus to keep quiet and not to_(stare/glance)at the animals rudely. During the trip,Lily-(whisper/shout)to me about the strange-(creature/animal)in the aquarium -it had eight legs and could change color!We were so curious that we_(stared/glanced)at it for a long time until the teacher called us. On the way back,Tom mentioned that a large(quantity/number)of food was left uneaten.The teacher said we should avoid waste and told us to write a report about the trip.I think the most interesting part was seeing the magical_(creature/animal)in the aquarium. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.B2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.B8.A9B10.A P 高中英语沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 IⅡ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.stare 2.complaint 3.switch 4.quantity 5.creature 6.flow I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.merciless 2.complaint 3.quantity 4.false 5.whispered V.完成句子 1.disturb 2.complaint 3.flow 4.stared 5.quantity V.语篇填空 1.disturbed 2.stare 3.whispered 4.creature 5.stared 6.quantity 7.creature 9