Unit 4 The senses一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第一册（沪教版）

高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit4】 The senses词义辨析及同义替换精讲 【Unit4】The senses 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 flavour/'flerva()/n.味道；口味ripe /rap/adj.成熟的 somewhat/'sAmWDt/.adv.稍微； scent/sent/n.香味 exceptionally/k'sepfanali/adw.有点儿 rawo/adj.生的 特别：非常 *texture/'tekst/)/n.口感 insist/m'sIst/v.坚持说 distinguish/d'st)gw∫v.辨别；creamy/'kri:mi/adj.像奶油的： *tongue /tAl)/n.舌；舌头 分清 含乳脂的 detect/dr'tekt/v.发觉；察觉 salty/'so:lti/adj.咸的：含盐的 unpleasant/n'pleznt/adj.令人 bitter/bta)/adj.(食物等)苦sour/saU3)/adj.酸的 不快的：不舒服的 的 sensitive/'sensatrv/adj.灵敏的；perceive /p3'si:v/V.察觉到；洞 cabbage/'kaebId3/n.卷心菜；洋 善解人意的 察 白菜 bath /ba:θ/n.浴缸；浴盆 appetite/'epitart/n.食欲；胃口 onion/'nj/n.洋葱 *pinch /pintf/v.捏 词义辨析及同义替换 l.detect/d'tekt/v.发觉；察觉 词义辨析： detect:侧重通过仔细观察或仪器辅助“发现不易察觉的事物”，如细微变化、隐藏的问题等，强 调“侦查、探测”的过程。 perceive:侧重通过感官（视觉、听觉、嗅觉等）或直觉“感知、理解”事物，强调主观上的“察 觉”和认知。 同义替换： discover,notice,perceive 例句： Dogs can detect the scent of drugs easily with their sensitive noses. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） We need special equipment to the tiny changes in temperature. A.ignore B.detect C.hide (答案：B) 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit4】 The senses词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.distinguish/d'stngw/v.辨别；分清 词义辨析： distinguish:强调通过细节、特征或差异“区分、辨别”不同事物，常与between.and.连用。 differentiate: 含义与distinguish相近，但更正式，侧重“通过本质区别区分”，多用于学术或专 业语境。 同义替换： tell apart,discriminate 例句： It's hard to distinguish the twin brothers from each other. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试） Can you the difference between the two paintings? A.confuse B.distinguish C.mix (答案：B) 3.perceive /p3'si:v/v.察觉到；洞察 词义辨析： perceive:侧重通过感官或直觉“感知到”，强调主观认知，如“察觉到情绪、氛围”。 detect:侧重“发现隐藏的、不易察觉的事物”，如“检测到气味、错误”。 同义替换： sense,notice,realize 例句： She perceived a change in his attitude towards her 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册周练卷） Some people can the smell of gas even when it is very weak A.ignore B.perceive C.avoid (答案：B) 4.insist/n'sIst/v.坚持说 词义辨析： insist:侧重“坚决主张、坚持认为”，后接that从句时，从句谓语可用虚拟语气(should+动词 原形，should可省略)或陈述语气，取决于是否强调“坚持事实”。 persist:侧重“不顾困难或反对，持续做某事”，后接in doing sth. 同义替换： persist,maintain 例句： He insisted that he was innocent.(陈述语气，坚持事实) She insisted that we(should)leave at once.(虚拟语气，坚持主张) 2 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit4】 The senses词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接： (沪教版高中选择性必修第一册期中测试) My mother that I should wear a coat because it was cold outside. A.refused B.insisted C.forgot (答案：B) 5.sensitive/'sensatIv/adj.灵敏的：善解人意的 词义辨析： sensitive:既可指“（仪器、感官）灵敏的”，也可指“（人）善解人意的、敏感的”。 sensible:侧重“明智的、合理的”，形容人或行为“理智的”。 同义替换： responsive,perceptive 例句： The sensitive scales can measure even a tiny weight of 0.1 gram. 真题链接： (沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习) She is very to others'feelings,so everyone likes to talk to her. A.sensitive B.sensible C.strict (答案：A) 6.somewhat/'sAmwDt/adv.稍微；有点儿 词义辨析： somewhat:程度副词，意为“稍微、有点儿”，语气比a little正式，常用于肯定句。 slightly:侧重“轻微地、略微”，强调程度极小，可用于修饰形容词或副词。 同义替换： a little,slightly,rather 例句： The soup is somewhat salty,so I need to add some water. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册单元练习） The movie was. boring,but I still watched it till the end A.completely B.somewhat C.extremely (答案：B) 7.unpleasant/n'pleznt/.adj.令人不快的；不舒服的 词义辨析： unpleasant:强调“引起反感或不适的”，可形容人、事物或经历，如unpleasant smell/experience。 disagreeable:语气更强，指“令人讨厌的、难相处的”，多用于形容人或性格。 3 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit4】 The senses词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： disagreeable,uncomfortable 例句： The room has an unpleasant smell because of the wet clothes 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册周练卷） Nobody likes to work with him because he has a(n) attitude A.pleasant B.unpleasant C.friendly (答案：B) 8.flavour/'flerva()/n.味道；口味 词义辨析： flavour:指食物的“味道、风味”，强调独特的口感或调味，如chocolate flavour。 taste:泛指“味觉、味道”，也可指“品味、鉴赏力”。 同义替换： taste,savor 例句： This ice cream has a strong vanilla flavour 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） The of the soup comes from fresh vegetables and meat. A.colour B.flavour C.shape (答案：B) 9.scent/sent/n.香味 词义辨析： scet:指淡淡的“香味、气味”，可来自自然（如花香）或人工（如香水），也可指动物的“气 味踪迹”。 smell:泛指“气味”，可香可臭，是中性词。 同义替换： smell,aroma,fragrance 例句： The scent of roses filled the garden in spring. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试） Dogs can follow the of their owners even in a crowd A.sound B.scent C.taste (答案：B) 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit4】 The senses词义辨析及同义替换精讲 l0.appetite/'aepitaIt/n.食欲：胃▣ 词义辨析： appetite:指“生理上的食欲、胃口”，也可指“对某事的欲望”，如appetite for knowledge。. hungers:侧重“饥饿感”，强调身体对食物的需求。 同义替换： hunger,desire 例句： I have no appetite for lunch because I ate too much breakfast. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册期中测试） Regular exercise can increase your for food. A.appetite B.sleep C.energy (答案：A) 11.raw /ro/adj.生的 词义辨析： raw:指食物“生的、未煮熟的”，如raw meat,.也可指“未加工的、原始的”，如raw materials。 uncooked:仅指“未煮过的、生的”，语义单一，仅用于食物。 同义替换： uncooked,unprocessed 例句： Eating raw fish is common in Japanese cuisine. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） You can't eat eggs because they may contain bacteria A.cooked B.raw C.fried (答案：B) l2.ripe /rap/adj.成熟的 词义辨析： ripe:指水果、谷物等“成熟的”，也可指时机“成熟的”，如ripe for change。. mature:既可指生物“成熟的”，也可指人“心智成熟的”，或计划、想法“完善的”。 同义替换： mature,ready 例句： These apples are ripe enough to be picked. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册单元练习） The time is for us to start the project because all preparations are done. 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit4】 The senses词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.ripe B.raw C.young (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.Scientists use special instruments to the hidden minerals in the soil. A.ignore B.detect C.hide 2.It's important to between right and wrong when making decisions. A.confuse B.distinguish C.mix 3.Some animals can danger before it happens through their keen senses. A.ignore B.perceive C.avoid 4.My father that we should take a break after working for three hours. A.refused B.insisted C.forgot 5.This camera is to light,so it works well even in dark environments. A.sensitive B.sensible C.strict 6.The new dish isspicy,but most people can accept the taste. A.completely B.somewhat C.extremely 7.The of the flowers in the garden attracts many bees. A.sound 6 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit4】 The senses词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.scent C.taste 8.After the long journey,I lost my and didn't feel like eating anything. A.appetite B.sleep C.energy 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.Dogs have a strong sense of smell and can follow the s_ of their owners 2.Eating r meat may cause health problems,so it's better to cook it thoroughly. 3.The dish has a special f because it's cooked with traditional spices. 4.When the fruit is r,it becomes sweet and ready to eat. 5.The room had an u smell because of the old books left there for years. 6.She is p enough to notice the small changes in his expression 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The machine is(detect)the level of pollution in the air right now. 2.He (insist)that he had never seen the man before,but no one believed him. 3.These(ripe)apples are much sweeter than the unripe ones. 4.The chef added some herbs to improve the(flavour)of the soup 5.She is (sensitive)to cold,so she always wears a thick coat in winter. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这台设备能帮助我们察觉温度的微小变化。 This equipment can help us the tiny changes in temperature. 2.我们必须学会分辨事实和观点。 We must learn to between facts and opinions. 3.她坚持认为我们应该立即出发。 She that we set off immediately. > 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit4】 The senses词义辨析及同义替换精讲 4.这种材料对湿度很敏感，需要存放在干燥的地方。 This material is humidity and needs to be stored in a dry place. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Dogs are known for their amazing abilityto(detect/perceive)thingshumans cannot.For exam- ple,they can follow the (scent/smell)of a person even days later.A (sensitive/sensible) dog's nose can (distinguish/tell)between different types of smells,such as food,danger,or even diseases.Some dogs are trained to (insist/help)doctors detect illnesses by smelling pa- tients'breath.When a dog smells something unusual,it may bark to alert its owner.This special skill makes dogs not only pets but also important helpers in many fields. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.B2.B 3B4B5.A6.B7B8.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.scent 2.raw 3.flavour 4.ripe 5.unpleasant 6.perceptive ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.detecting 2.insisted 3.ripe 4.flavour 5.sensitive V.完成句子 1.detect 2.distinguish 3insisted:should 4.sensitive to V.语篇填空 1.detect 2.scent 3.sensitive 4.distinguish 5.help P