Unit 3 Progress一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲必修第二册（沪教版）

高中必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 Unit3】Progress? 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 climate/'klammot/n.气候 业：农学 extinction/k'stkn/n.灭绝：绝 billion/'bjan/n.十亿 figure/'figa()/n.(代表数量的)种 alarming'la:n/ad.使人惊 数字 admit /ad'mt/v.（勉强)承认 恐的：令人惊慌的 significantly/sIg'nifikantli/adv.somehow/'sAmhau/.adv.不知为 rate /reit/n.速度；进度 有重大意义地：显著地 什么：以某种方式 predict/pri'dikt/V.预言；预告；unfamiliar/,Anf'miar)yadj.measure/'me3a)/n.措施：方 预报 陌生的：不熟悉的 法 chain /tfem/n.一系列（人/事）；youth /ju:θ/n.(统称)青年；青absolutely/'ebsolu:tli/adv.绝对 链子；锁链 年时期（成年前） 地：完全地 hunt /hAnt/v.打猎：猎捕 threaten/'retn/v.危及：对…contrast/'kpntr a:st/v.对比：对 agriculture /'aegrikAltfa(r)/n. 构成威胁 照 词义辨析及同义替换 1.climate/'klammat/n.气候 词义辨析： climate:指某一地区长期的天气状况，包括气温、降水等，是自然环境特征。 weather: 指短期的、具体的天气现象，如晴、雨、风等，变化较快。 同义替换： weather pattern,climatic conditions 例句： The climate in this area is warm and wet all year round 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第二册同步练习） The report mainly discusses the changes in global over the past century. A.weather B.climate C.temperature (答案：B) 2.rate/rert/.n.速度：进度 高中必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： ate:侧重“比率、速率”，可指速度、频率或百分比，如增长率、心率。 speed:仅指“物理运动速度”，强调运动快慢，单位多为kmh、m/s。 同义替换： speed pace 例句： The car was moving at a high rate of speed on the highway. 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第二册单元测试） The of economic growth in this country has increased by 5%this year. A.rate B.speed C.level(答案：A) 3.predict/prr'dikt/v.预言；预报 词义辨析： predict:指基于事实或科学依据进行预测，语气较正式，如预报天气、预测结果。 forecast:与predict近义，尤指对天气、经济等的官方预测，名词和动词同形。 同义替换： forecast,anticipate 例句： Scientists predict that the Earth's temperature will rise by 2C by 2050. 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第二册同步练习） The weather station that there will be a heavy rain tomorrow. A.predicts B.tells C.speaks (答案：A) 4.hunt /hAnt/V.打猎：猎捕 词义辨析： hunt:指“追捕、猎取”野生动物，也可指“搜寻某物”，如hunt for a job。 search:泛指“寻找”，侧重过程，常用搭配search for,宾语多为具体事物。 同义替换： hunt for,seek 例句： Illegal hunters often hunt rare animals for their fur 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第二册阅读理解改编） Early humans animals for food and used their skins for clothing. A.hunted B.searched C.looked (答案：A) 5.agriculture/'aegrikAlt fa()/n.农业：农学 词义辨析： agriculture:指“农业生产活动”或“农学学科”，涵盖种植、养殖等，不可数名词。 farming::侧重“耕作、农事”，指具体的农业劳动，如种田、养鸡。 高中必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： farming,cultivation 例句： Modern technology has greatly improved the efficiency of agriculture. 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第二册词汇填空） The development of is important for ensuring food security. (答案：agriculture) 6.figure/figa)/n.(代表数量的)数字 词义辨析： figure:指“数字、数据”，尤指统计数字或图表中的数值，也可指“人物”。 number:泛指“数日、数量”，可指具体数字，如a large number of。 同义替换： number,statistic 例句： The figure shows that the population of this city has grown by 10%. 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第二册单元测试） According to the report,the of students choosing science subjects has increased. A.figure B.number C.amount (答案：A) 7.threaten/retn/v.危及：对…构成威胁 词义辨析： threaten:指“对…构成威胁”，主语可以是人、事物或自然现象，搭配threaten to do。 endanger:强调“使…处于危险中”，直接宾语多为生命、物种、环境等。 同义替换： endanger,put at risk 例句： Pollution threatens the survival of many aquatic animals. 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第二册完形填空） Defor estation the habitats of millions of species. A.threatens B.improves C.protects (答案：A) 8.extinction/k'stkn/n.灭绝；绝种 词义辨析： extinction:指“物种灭绝”，不可数名词，强调彻底消失，如mass extinction(大灭绝)。 disappearance:泛指“消失”，可指人、事物或现象的暂时或永久消失。 同义替换： vanishing,extermination 高中必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： The dodo bird was driven to extinction by human activities. 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第二册阅读理解） The main cause of the of this species is habitat loss. A.extinction B.appearance C.growth (答案：A) 9.measure/'me3a)/n.措施：方法 词义辨析： measure:指“解决问题的具体措施、办法”，常用复数形式measures,如take measures。 method:侧重“做事的方法、方式”，强调系统性或步骤，如teaching methods。. 同义替换： step,action 例句： The government has taken new measures to reduce air pollution. 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第二册书面表达） We should take effective to protect endangered animals (答案：neasures) 10.contrast/'kpntra:st/v.对比：对照 词义辨析： contrast:指“对比不同事物的差异”，常用搭配contrast A with B或in contrast to。 compare:强调“比较异同”，既可对比差异也可对比相似，搭配compare A with B。 同义替换： compare,differentiate 例句： His actions contrast sharply with his words. 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第二册语法填空） with the past,people now have a better quality of life. (答案：Contrasted) ll.significantly/sIg'nrfikantli/adv.有重大意义地；显著地 词义辨析： significantly:强调“程度或影响上显著地”，修饰动词或形容词，如significantly increase。. greatly:泛指“极大地”，语气较弱，侧重数量或程度上的“非常”。 同义替换： markedly,notably 例句： The new policy has significantly reduced the unemployment rate 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第二册阅读理解） The use of solar energy has decreased the demand for coal 高中必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.significantly B.slightly C.hardly (答案：A) 12.admit/ad'mt/v.(勉强)承认 词义辨析： admit:指“承认错误、事实或责任”，常含不情愿意味，搭配admit doing sth。 acknowledge:侧重“公开承认”某事的真实性或存在，语气较正式。 同义替换： acknowledge,confess 例句： He finally admitted breaking the window 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第二册单选题） She that she had made a mistake in the experiment. A.admitted B.agreed C.refused (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The local is suitable for growing rice,with plenty of rainfall in summer. A.weather B.climate C.temperature 2.The of population growth in this area has slowed down in recent years. A.rate B.speed C.level 3.According to the latest data,scientistsa 30%increase in renewable energy use by 2030. A.predict B.tell C.speak 4.In some traditional cultures,people_ wild animals for survival and rituals A.hunted B.searched C.looked 5 高中必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.The government has announced new to promote sustainable farming practices. A.measures B.methods C.steps 6 with urban areas,rural regions have more stable temperatures throughout the year. A.Contrast B.Compare C.Differentiate 7.The use of electric vehicles has reduced air pollution in big cities. A.significantly B.slightly C.hardly 8.After hours of questioning,the witness finally seeing the suspect at the scene. A.admitted B.agreed C.refused 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The report analyzes the relationship between global (气候)change and agricultural produc- tion 2.The (of technological development is faster than ever before. 3.Meteorologists (that a typhoon will hit the coastal area next week. 4.Overfishing and habitat loss (威胁)the survival of marine species. 5.The()in the chart shows a clear upward trend in renewable energy investment. 6.The (of dinosaurs occurred about 66 million years ago. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Modern technology has(significant)improved the efficiency of agricultural production. 2.The company has taken effective_ (measure)to reduce carbon emissions 3.Many species are in danger of(extinct)due to human activities. 4.She finally (admit)making a mistake in the project plan. 6 高中必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 (contrast)with last year,this summer has been much cooler. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.与去年相比，今年的降雨量显著增加了。 last year,the rainfall this year has increased 2.政府必须采取措施保护濒危物种免遭灭绝。 The government must take measures to protect endangered species from 3.科学家预测未来十年全球气温将上升2度。 Scientists that global temperature will rise by 2C in the next decade. 4.农业的发展对国家的经济稳定至关重要。 The development of is crucial to the country's economic stability. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Climate change is a global issue that affects every aspect of life.Over the past century,global (1)(climate/weather)has warmed significantly,leading to rising sea levels and extreme weather events.Scientists(2)(predict/forecast)that temperatures will continue to rise if no action is taken. Agriculture is particularly vulnerable.Changes in rainfall patterns and temperature have (3) (significant/significantly)reduced crop yields in some regions.Farmers are now adopting new (4)(measures/methods)to adapt,such as drought-resistant crops and water-saving technologies. Wildlife is also at risk.Habitat loss and rising temperatures(5)(threaten/endanger)many species,pushing some to the edge of(6)(extinction/disappearance).Governments and orga- nizations are working together to protect these species and their habitats. 参考答案 I单项选择 1B2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.climate 2.rate 3.predict 4.threaten 5.figure 6.extinction 1 高中必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 ⅡI用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.significantly 2.measures 3.extinction 4.admitted 5.Contrasted V.完成句子 1.Contrasted with;significantly 2.extinction 3.predict 4.agriculture V.语篇填空 1.climate 2.predict 3.significantly 4.measures 5.threaten 6.extinction 8