Unit 1 Feeling good 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第一册（沪教版）

高中沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第一册 核心词汇 【Unit1】Feeling good 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 journalist/'d3 nalrst/n.新闻记 wrestle/'res/V.摔跤 greedy/gri:di/adj.贪婪的 者 cycle/'sak/v.骑自行车 *portion/'p3:n/n.(食物的) afterwards /'a:ftawadz/adv. cooperate /kau'Dp3ret/V.合作：份，一客；部分 后：后来 协作 adopt /a'dopt/v.采用（某方法）： nutrition /nju'trn/n.营养；滋 *sacrifice/.'saekrfars/n.牺牲：舍采取（某态度）：收养；领养 养 弃；V.牺牲：献出 fries /fraIz/n.(usually fries)( mostly/maustli//adv.通常：主discipline/disaplm/n.自制力： 薯条) 要地；一般地 遵守纪律：纪律：训练 consumption /kan'sAmpfn/n. recipe/resapi/n.烹饪法；食谱*self-reliance/,self r'larans/n.耗：消费 composition/,komp3'zn/n.作自力更生；自立 cancer/'kaensa()/n.癌症 文：小论文：成分：构成 commitment /ka'mitmant/n.phenomenon /fa'nominan/n.(pl. golf/golf/n.高尔夫球运动 诺：保证：奉献：投入 phenomena)现象 词义辨析及同义替换 1.adopt/A'dbpt/v.采用（某方法)；采取（某态度）：收养：领养 词义辨析： adopt:侧重”主动采纳、接受”，可接方法、政策、态度等抽象事物，也可表示”收养”。 adapt:意为”适应”，常用搭配adapt to,强调改变自身以适应环境。 同义替换： take,embrace,accept 例句： The school decided to adopt new teaching methods to improve students'creativity. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） We should-a positive attitude towards challenges in life. A.adapt B.adopt C.adjust(答案：B) 高中沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第一册 2.discipline/'disaplm/n.自制力；遵守纪律：纪律；训练 词义辨析： discipline:作”纪律”时指集体或组织的规章制度；作”自制力”时强调个人对自身行为的约束。 ule:侧重具体的”规则、规定’，如校规、交通规则，范围较窄。 同义替换： self-control,regulation,training 例句： Military training helps students develop discipline and teamwork. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试） It's important for teenagers to learn self-discipline to manage their time well.Here"self-discipline" means_ A.self-service B.self-control C.self-respect (答案：B) 3.consumption/kn'smpn/n.消耗：消费 词义辨析： consumption:侧重”消耗”（如资源、能量）或”消费”（经济领域的购买行为），为正式名词。 expense:意为”花费、费用'，侧重金钱上的支出，常用搭配at the expense of。 同义替换： expenditure,using up 例句： The increase in car ownership has led to higher fuel consumption and air pollution. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册阅读理解题） The report mainly discusses the relationship between household consumption and economic growth Here"consumption"refers to_ A.the act of buying products B.the cost of living C.the saving of money (答案：A) 4.phenomenon/fa'npmmn3n/n.(pl.phenomena)现象 词义辨析： phenomenon:指自然界或社会中可观察到的'现象”，为可数名词，复数形式为phenomena。. event:意为”事件”，侧重具体发生的事情，如比赛、会议等，范围较具体。 同义替换： occurrence,happening 例句： The Northern Lights is a natural phenomenon caused by solar activity. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册词汇填空） Online shopping has become a common-in modern society. (答案：phenomenon) 5.commitment/ka'mitmant//n.承诺；保证：奉献：投入 高中沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第一册 词义辨析： commitment: 强调’承诺的严肃性”和'对某事的投入”，可接to sth./to doing sth.。 promise:侧重”口头承诺'，语气较随意，常用搭配make a promise。 同义替换： dedication,pledge,devotion 例句： Her commitment to environmental protection has inspired many young people. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册完形填空） A successful team needs the-of every member to work towards a common goal. A.promise B.commitment C.permission (答案：B) 6.mostly/'maustli/adv.通常；主要地：一般地 词义辨析： osty:强调”数量或程度上的主要部分”，如”大部分时间”主要原因。 mainly:与mostly近义，但更侧重”核心、首要”，如”主要目的”主要内容”。 同义替换： mainly,generally,largely 例句： The audience was mostly young people interested in science fiction. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册语法填空） She eats fruit and vegetables to keep a balanced diet. (答案：mostly) 7.sacrifice/'saekrIfars//n.牺牲；舍弃；V.牺牲；献出 词义辨析： sacrifice:作名词或动词，侧重”为达成目标而主动放弃有价值的事物”，如时间、利益甚至生命。 give up:短语动词，意为”放弃”，侧重停止做某事，语气较口语化。 同义替换： give up,surrender,dedication 例句： Parents often make sacrifices for their children's education 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册阅读理解题） The firefighterhis life to save the child from the burning building. A.sacrificed B.gave C.spent(答案：A) 8.composition/,kDmp3'zn/n.作文；小论文；成分；构成 词义辨析： composition::作”作文”时指学生的书面作业；作”成分”时指物质的组成部分，如化学元素。 essay:意为”散文、论说文”，侧重观点的阐述，结构较正式，如学术论文。 高中沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第一册 同义替换： writing,makeup,component 例句： The teacher asked us to write a composition about our summer vacation. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册写作题） The_of the air includes nitrogen,oxygen and other gases. (答案：composition) 9.cooperate /kau'Dpareit/.v.合作：协作 词义辨析： cooperate::强调为共同目标”主动协作”，常用搭配cooperate with sb.。 collaborate:语气更正式，侧重'深度合作'，如科研、创作等领域的合作。 同义替换： work together,collaborate,join forces 例句： The two companies decided to cooperate on developing new technology 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册完形填空） It's easier to solve problems when we-with each other instead of working alone. A.compete B.cooperate C.compare(答案：B) 10.portion/'p3/n.(食物的)一份，一客：部分 词义辨析： poto:指”整体中的一部分”，可具体到食物的’一份”，或抽象的”份额”，如财产的一部分。 pat:最常用词，泛指”部分”，不强调比例或分配，如”故事的一部分”。 同义替换： part,share,serving 例句： Could you please give me a smaller portion of rice?I'm on a diet. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册词汇辨析题） A large_of the budget is spent on education. A.portion B.patC.piece(答案：A) ll.commitment/ka'mitmant/n.承诺；保证：奉献：投入 例句： His commitment to the project never wavered,even when faced with difficulties. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册听力题） -Why did she win the award? -Because of her to helping homeless people for over ten years. A.commitment B.hobby C.interest(答案：A) 高中沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第一册 12.phenomenon /fa'npmmnan/n.(pl.phenomena) 例句： Global warming is a complex phenomenon caused by human activities. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册阅读理解题） The article analyzes the of"online learning"and its impact on education. (答案：phenomenon) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.We need to_a new policy to reduce energy consumption in the office. A.adapt B.adopt C.adjust 2.The key to success lies in your-to hard work and continuous learning A.promise B.commitment C.permission 3.Online education has become a common_in many countries during the pandemic. A.phenomenon B.event C.occurrence 4.A large_of the company's profit is invested in research and development. A.part B.portion C.piece 5.The two teams decided to_to solve the environmental problem together. A.compete B.compare C.cooperate 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The report focuses on the relationship between household c_and economic growth 5 高中沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第一册 2.Military training helps students develop d and a sense of responsibility. 3.Parents often make sto provide better education for their children. 4.The Northern Lights is a natural p-that attracts millions of tourists yearly. 5.The composition of the air includes oxygen,nitrogen,and other g 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She_(mostly)eats organic food to maintain a healthy lifestyle 2.His(commit)to the project never weakened,even when facing challenges. 3.Global warming is a complex_(phenomenon)caused by human activities. 4.The company plans to_(cooperate)with a foreign firm to expand its market. 5.A small(portion)of the budget is allocated to staff training. 四、完成句子（每空一词） l.The school decided to__(采用新方法)to improve students'creativity. 2.Her一（对科学的投入）inspired many young researchers. 3.A large portion of the budget一_（被用于）education this year. 4.We should (采取积极态度)towards difficulties in life.. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Online shopping has become a common -(1)in modern society.It has changed people's con- sumption habits and increased the_(2)of packaged goods.To reduce environmental impact,many companies have made a_(3)to use eco-friendly materials.Consumers,too,are learning to_(4) smaller portions of products to avoid waste.By working together,businesses and customers can (5)(cooperate)to create a sustainable future. 参考答案 6 高中沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第一册 I.单项选择 1.B2.B 3.A4B5.C Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.consumption 2.discipline 3.sacrifices 4.phenomenon 5.gases I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.mostly 2.commitment 3.phenomenon 4.cooperate 5.portion V.完成句子 1.adopt new methods 2.commitment to science 3.is spent on 4.adopt a positive attitude V语篇填空 1.phenomenon 2.consumption 3.commitment 4.choose 5.cooperate 7