Unit 4 Humour Lesson 1-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（北师大版）

高中选修2北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 4:Humour Lesson 1 词汇精讲 Unit 4:Humour Lesson 1 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 saucer/'so:Sa/n.杯托 地，潜在地 尖叫声 doorway/db:we/n.门口，出入 Saturn/'set3n/n.土星 consultation konsal'terfn/n. 口 Leo/'Ii:a/n.狮子座 诊：咨询 antique/,en'ti:k/n.古董；adj.古scientific/,saien'tfik/ad.科学crisis/'krarsIs/n.危难时刻：危 时制造的 (上)的 机 casually/'"ke3jali/adv.漫不经心neasur'ement/'me3m3nt/n.测examine/ig'zemm/vt.检查 地：非正式地 量，计量，衡量 announce/'nans/t.宣布，宣 innocently/'nasntli/adv.装作atmosphere/'etmasfi/n.大气告 若无其事地：无辜地 (层)：气氛，氛围，环境 afterwards /'a:ftawadz/adv. appetite/ptait/n.胃口，食欲forecast/'f:ka:st/t.预测，预报后，后来 faithful/'fefl/adj.忠诚的 middle-aged adj.中年的 circus/'s3ks/n.马戏团 deduce/d'dju:s/t.推论，推断surgery/'s3:d39rin.诊所；外科clown /klaun/n.小丑 astronomy/'strpnami/n.天文手术 deserve/dr'z3:v/t.应得，应受 学 bleed /bli:di.流血，出血 到 galaxy/'gaelaksi/n.星系 sneeze/sni:z/vi.&n.打喷嚏 potentially /p3'tenfali/adv.可能scream/skri:m/vi.尖声大叫；n. 词义辨析及同义替换 1.atmosphere/'etmasfi/n.大气（层）；气氛，氛围，环境 词义辨析： atmospheres:作“大气层”时，指围绕地球或其他天体的气体层：作“气氛”时，侧重周围环境 给人的整体感觉，如情感氛围或环境氛围。 air:含义较广，可指“空气”，也可指“天空”，还可指“神态、样子”。 同义替换： ambience,air 例句： 高中选修2北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 4:Humour Lesson 1 The atmosphere of the party was very lively and everyone had a good time. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2同步练习） The in the classroom was very tense because of the coming exam. A.air B.atmosphere C.environment (答案：B) 2.forecast/'fka:st/t.预测，预报 词义辨析： forecast:指对未来天气、经济、形势等的预测，语气较正式，可用于各种语境。 predict:侧重根据已知事实或规律进行推测，语气比forecast更主观一些。 同义替换： predict,foresee 例句： The weather station forecast that it would rain tomorrow 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2单元测试） Some scientists_ that there will be more extreme weather in the future. A.forecast B.announce C.examine （答案：A) 3.crisis/'kraisIs/n.危难时刻：危机 词义辨析： ciss:指重大的、紧急的危机，如经济危机、政治危机等，强调局势的严重性和紧迫性。 emergency:指突然发生的、需要立即处理的紧急情沉，如医疗急救、火灾等。 同义替换： emergency,disaster 例句： The company is facing a financial crisis and needs to take immediate measures. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2专题练习） The government took quick action to deal with the public health A.crisis B.surgery C.consultation (答案：A) 4.examine/hg'zemm/t.检查 词义辨析： examine: 指仔细查看、检查，以了解事物的情况或是否存在问题，可用于对人、事物或文件等 的检查。 chck:侧重核对、检查，以确保事物的准确性或是否符合要求，如检查答案、检查行李等。 同义替换： check,inspect 例句： The doctor examined the patient carefully and then made a diagnosis. 2 高中选修2北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 4:Humour Lesson 1 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2同步测试） Please your paper before handing it in to avoid mistakes. A.examine B.announce C.scream (答案：A) 5.announce/A'nans/t.宣布，宣告 词义辨析： announce: 指正式地、公开地宣布消息、决定等，通常是向大众或特定人群宣布。 declare:语气更正式，指官方或权威机构正式宣布，如宣战、宣布独立等。 同义替换： declare,proclaim 例句： The president announced that the new policy would be implemented next month 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2单元练习) The school the results of the exam on the noticeboard A.announced B.bleed C.sneeze (答案：A) 6.deserve/d'z3v/t.应得，应受到 词义辨析： deserve:指因某人的行为或品质而应得到某种待遇或结果，是及物动词，后接名词或动词不定 式。 eam:指通过努力工作或付出而获得报酬、荣誉等。 同义替换： earn,merit 例句： She works very hard and deserves to get a promotion 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2同步练习） You have done a good job and a reward. A.deserve B.bleed C.sneeze (答案：A) 7.faithful/'fe0f/ad.忠诚的 词义辨析： faithful:指对人、信仰或承诺等忠诚的，强调坚定不移的信念和忠诚。 loyl:指对国家、组织、朋友等忠诚的，强调在任何情况下都支持和拥护。 同义替换： loyal,devoted 例句： The dog is a faithful friend of human beings. 3 高中选修2北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 4:Humour Lesson 1 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2专题测试） He has been to his country all his life A.faithful B.antique C.middle-aged (答案：A) 8.appetite/'eptaIt/.n.胃口，食欲 词义辨析： appetite:指人对食物的欲望，即胃口、食欲，也可指对其他事物的欲望，如求知欲等。 hunger:指生理上的饥饿感，强调对食物的迫切需求。 同义替换： hunger,desire 例句： He has a good appetite and eats a lot every meal 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2同步练习) I have no_ for food because I have a stomachache. A.appetite B.atmosphere C.measurement (答案：A) 9.scientific/,saien'tfk/ad.科学（上）的 词义辨析： scientific:指与科学有关的、符合科学原理的，强调科学性和系统性。 technical:指与技术有关的，强调专业技能和技术方面的。 同义替换： technical,logical 例句： We need to take a scientific approach to solve this problem 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2单元练习） The _research has made great progress in recent years. A.scientific B.casual C.innocent（答案：A) 10.measurement/me3 emant/n.测量，计量，衡量 词义辨析： measurement:指测量的行为或结果，可用于对长度、重量、温度等的测量，也可指对抽象事物 的衡量。 calculation:指计算、运算的行为或结果，通常与数字有关。 同义替换： calculation,assessment 例句： The measurement of the room is 5 meters by 4 meters. 4 高中选修2北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 4:Humour Lesson 1 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2同步测试） The of the data took a lot of time and effort. A.measurement B.astronomy C.galaxy (答案：A) ll.antique/.en'ti:k/n.古董：adj.古时制造的 词义辨析： antique:指具有一定年代和价值的古董，作形容词时指古时制造的、古老的。 ancient:指非常古老的，可用于形容历史、文明、建筑等，年代比antique更久远。 同义替换： ancient,old-fashioned 例句： He collected many antiques and displayed them in his house. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2专题练习） The museum has a lot of artifacts from the Ming Dynasty. A.antique B.modern C.casual (答案：A) l2.casually/'ke3jali/adv.漫不经心地；非正式地 词义辨析： casually:指行为举止漫不经心、不认真，或穿着、说话等非正式的。 carelessly:指做事粗心大意、不仔细，强调缺乏细心。 同义替换： carelessly,informally 例句： She casually mentioned that she would leave the company next month. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2同步练习） He threw the book on the table and left the room A.casually B.innocently C.potentially (答案：A) l3.potentially /pa'tenfli/adv.可能地，潜在地 词义辨析： potentially:指有潜在的可能性，强调可能性的存在，但不一定会发生。 possibly:指有可能发生，语气比potentially更肯定一些。 同义替换： possibly,likely 例句： This new technology has potentially changed our lives. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2单元测试） The new policy _has a great impact on the economy. A.potentially B.faithfully C.casually (答案：A) 高中选修2北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 4:Humour Lesson 1 l4.afterwards/'a:ftawadz/adv.随后，后来 词义辨析： afterwards:指在某个时间或事件之后，可用于句首、句中或句末。 later:指在较晚的时间，可单独使用，也可与after连用。 同义替换： later,subsequently 例句： We had dinner first and afterwards went to the cinema. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2同步练习） He finished his homework and went out to play. A.afterwards B.beforehand C.meanwhile (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The in the concert hall was so warm that everyone felt relaxed and happy. A.atmosphere B.air C.environment 2.The weather report that a strong storm will hit our city tomorrow morning. A.forecast B.predicted C.examined 3.The local government is taking measures to prevent the spread of the virus and control the public health A.crisis B.emergency C.disaster 4.Before submitting your application form,pleaseit carefully to make sure all the information is correct. A.examine B.check C.inspect 6 高中选修2北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 4:Humour Lesson 1 5.The school will the winners of the English competition at the opening ceremony next Monday. A.announce B.declare C.proclaim 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.You have worked so hard on this project that you (应得)a good rest. 2.My grandfather has a collection of (vases,some of which are over 200 years old 3.She (漫不经心地)mentioned that she might move to another city next year. 4.The new technology has (increased the efficiency of our production line by 30%. 5.After finishing his homework,he went to the park to play basketball (随后). 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The dog has been (faithful)to its owner for ten years,never leaving his side. 2.She has a good」 (appetite)today and ate two bowls of rice for lunch. 3.The (scientific)research on climate change is expected to be completed by the end of this year. 4.The (measurement)of the room shows that it is 6 meters long and 4 meters wide 5.He (deserve)to win the prize because he spent three months preparing for the competition. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.医生仔细检查了病人，然后给出了诊断结果。 The doctor carefully and then made a diagnosis. 2.这家公司正面临严重的经济危机，需要立即采取行动。 The company is facing a serious and needs to take immediate action 3.他一生都忠于自己的国家，深受人民爱戴。 He has been his country all his life and is deeply loved by the people. 4.因为胃痛，我今天没有胃口吃饭。 I have no food today because of my stomachache. 7 高中选修2北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 4:Humour Lesson 1 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Scientists often need to make accurate predictions about natural phenomena.Last week,they (forecast/predicted)that there would be a heavy rainstorm in the area.The local government imme- diately announced a public warning to ensure people's safety. During the storm,a rescue team was sent to help those in need.They had to (examine/check) the damaged houses carefully to see if anyone was trapped inside.A(faithful/loyal)dog even helped them find an old man who was stuck in his basement. After the storm,the government started to assess the damage.The (measurement/calculation) of the losses took three days to complete.Many people volunteered to help clean up the streets,and their efforts (deserved/earned)high praise from the public. Now,the city is gradually recovering.The(atmosphere/air)in the community is full of hope, and everyone is working together to rebuild their homes. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A Ⅱ根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.deserve 2.antique 3.casually 4.potentially 5.afterwards ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.faithful 2.appetite 3.scientific 4.measurement 5.deserves V.完成句子 1.examined the patient 2.financial crisis 3.faithful to 4.appetite for V.语篇填空 1.forecast 2.examine 3.faithful 4.measurement 5.deserved 6.atmosphere P