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高中必修1北师大版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
寒假专版
【Unit 1】Life Choices Topic Talk
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
本单元核心词汇
一、全部单元单词
senior/Psi:nia/adj.较高的,高
expectation/,ekspek'ten/n.期leisure/PIle3s/n.空闲,闲暇,业
级的(6
待:预料,预期(6)
余时间(101)
secondary/'sekandari/adj.中等confidence/'kpnfidans/n.自信,recover /r'kAva/vi.恢复健康,
教育:中级的:次要的(⑥
信心:信赖(6)
康复(101)
stressful/'stresfl/adj.充满压力competence/kpmpitns/.n.能力,injury/Pnd3ari/n.伤,损害
的,紧张的(6)
胜任(6)
(101)
challenging/'t∫elmd3/adj.富chapter/tfaepta/n.一段时期;plus /plas/adj..有利的,好的:
有挑战性的(6)
章节(101)
prep.加(101)
differ/'dfa/v.不同,不一样,all in all总而言之,总的来说unfortunately/n'fo:tfanatli/
有区别(⑥)
(101)
adv.不幸地:令人遗憾地(101)
previous/'pri:vies/adj.以前的,apartment/A'pa:tm3nt/n.公寓challenge/Pt∫elmd3/n.挑战;具
先前的(6)
套房(101)
有挑战性的事物:V.向…挑
dynamic/dar'naemik/adj.充满am/,er'em/(ante meridiem)午战(10l)
活力的:精力充沛的(⑥)
前,上午(101)
arise/'raiz/vi.(问题或困难)出
campus/kaemp3s/n.校园(6)
shift/n.(工厂、医院等轮班现,发生(101)
schedule/P∫edju:l/n.日程表,计制的)当班时间(101)
划表(6
pressure/'pre∫/n.压力(101)
词义辨析及同义替换
1.pressure/'pree/n.压力
词义辨析:
pressure:侧重指外界施加的“压力”,可用于具体事物(如液体压力)或抽象概念(如工作、学
习压力),是不可数名词。
srss:强调因困难、焦虑等引起的“精神压力”,也可指“强调”,作动词时意为“重读:强调”。
同义替换:
stress,strain
高中必修1北师大版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
例句:
The pressure of exams made her feel very nervous.(北师大版高中必修l教辅)
2.challenging/'tfaelmd/adj.富有挑战性的
词义辨析:
challenging:形容任务、工作等“具有挑战性的”,需要努力才能完成,含积极意义。
difficult:侧重指“困难的”,强调完成某事需要付出大量努力,不一定含积极意义。
同义替换:
demanding,tough
例句:
This is a challenging problem that requires careful thinking.(北师大版高中必修1同步练习)
3.recover /rI'kAva/i.恢复健康,康复
词义辨析:
recover:指从疾病、伤害、损失等中“恢复”,常用搭配recover from。
regain:侧重“重新获得”失去的东西(如健康、意识、权力等),直接接宾语。
同义替换:
get well,bounce back
例句:
It took her a long time to recover from the injury.(北师大版高中必修1单元测试)
4.confidence/'kpnfidans/n.自信,信心
词义辨析:
confidence:指对自己能力或某事成功的“信心”,不可数名词,常用搭配have confidence in。
faith:语气更强,指“信仰;信念”,对人或事物的“信任”,可用于宗教语境。
同义替换:
self-assurance,belief
例句:
She has great confidence in her ability to solve the problem.(北师大版高中必修l教辅)
5.competence/'kompitns/n.能力,胜任
词义辨析:
competence:指做某事的“能力、胜任力”,侧重具备完成任务所需的技能或知识,是名词。
ability:含义更广,泛指“能力”,既可指天生的能力,也可指后天习得的技能,可作可数或不
可数名词。
同义替换:
capability,skill
例句:
His competence in English helped him get the job.(北师大版高中必修1同步练习)
高中必修1北师大版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
6.arise/'raiz/vi.(问题或困难)出现,发生
词义辨析:
arise:不及物动词,指问题、困难、机会等“出现、发生”,常用搭配arise from(由…引起)。
is:指“上升:升起:增加”,如太阳升起、水位上升,也可指“起身”。
同义替换:
appear,emerge
例句:
Many problems arose when we started the project.(北师大版高中必修1单元测试)
7.previous/'pri:vios/ad.以前的,先前的
词义辨析:
previous:指时间或顺序上“先前的、以前的”,常作定语,搭配previous to(在…之前)。
former:侧重指两者中“前者的”,也可指“过去的、从前的”,如former president(前总统)。
同义替换:
earlier,prior
例句:
She has no previous experience in this field.(北师大版高中必修1教辅)
8.plus /plAs/adj.有利的,好的:prep.加
词义辨析:
plus(prep.):表示“加;和一起”,用于数字或数量相加,反义词是minus。
d(conj.):也可表示“和”,连接并列成分,但不用于数学运算中的“加”。
同义替换:
added to,with
例句:
Three plus five equals eight..(北师大版高中必修1同步练习)
9.dynamic/dar'nemk/adj.充满活力的:精力充沛的
词义辨析:
dynamic:形容人“充满活力的”,或事物“动态的、有活力的”,含积极向上的意味。
energetic:侧重指人“精力充沛的”,强调体力或精神上的活力。
同义替换:
energetic,lively
例句:
Our new teacher is very dynamic and makes the class interesting.(北师大版高中必修l单元测试)
10.schedule/edju:l/n.日程表,计划表
词义辨析:
schedule:指预先安排的“日程表、计划表”,可用于个人、工作或活动安排,是可数名词,常
高中必修1北师大版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
用搭配on schedule(按时)。
timetable:侧重指“时间表”,如火车、课程等固定的时间安排,中小学常用。
同义替换:
timetable,agenda
例句:
Please check your schedule to see if you are free tomorrow.(北师大版高中必修I教辅)
11.expectation/,ekspek'te/n.期待:预料,预期
词义辨析:
expectation:
指对某事发生或某人行为的“期待、期望”,常用搭配meet one's expectations(达
到某人的期望)。
hope:指对未来的“希望”,主观性较强,常接不定式或that从句。
同义替换:
anticipation,hope
例句:
Her parents have high expectations for her study.(北师大版高中必修l同步练习)
12.differ/'df/v.不同,不一样,有区别
词义辨析:
differ:不及物动词,指事物之间“不同、有区别”,常用搭配differ from(与…不同)。
distinguish:及物动词,指“区分、辨别”不同事物,常用搭配distinguish A from B(区分A和
B)。
同义替换:
vary,be different
例句:
Chinese culture differs from Western culture in many ways.(北师大版高中必修l单元测试)
l3.unfortunately/n'f:tfanatli/adv.不幸地:令人遗憾地
词义辨析:
unfortunately:表示“不幸地、遗憾地”,用于引出不好的事情或结果。
sady:侧重指“悲伤地、难过地”,强调情绪上的悲伤。
同义替换:
regrettably,unluckily
例句:
Unfortunately,.he failed the exam because he didn't study hard.(北师大版高中必修I教辅)
14.all in all总而言之,总的来说
4
高中必修1北师大版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
词义辨析:
all in all:用于对某事进行总结,强调从整体上看,位置通常在句首。
in a word:.也表示“总之”,但更简洁,常用于简短总结,正式或口语均可。
同义替换:
in conclusion,on the whole
例句:
All in all,,it was a great day despite the bad weather.(北师大版高中必修1同步练习)
综合演练
综合练习
一、
单项选择
1.The_of studying for exams made her stay up late every night
A.stress
B.pressure
C.faith
2.This project is quite_and requires team members to work together closely.
A.difficult
B.challenging
C.tough
3.It took him three months to_from the serious illness.
A.recover
B.regain
C.bounce back
4.She has great_in her ability to finish the task on time.
A.confidence
B.faith
C.belief
5.His in programming helped him get the job in the IT company.
A.ability
B.competence
C.skill
6.Many unexpected problems_during the experiment.
A.arose
高中必修1北师大版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
B.rose
C.appeared
7.She has noexperience in teaching,but she leamns quickly.
A.previous
B.former
C.prior
8.Fivethree equals eight.
A.plus
B.and
C.added to
9.Our new manager is very-and always brings new ideas to the team.
A.dynamic
B.energetic
C.lively
10.Please check your_to see if you can attend the meeting tomorrow.
A.timetable
B.schedule
C.agenda
二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.The heavy workload has caused a lot of()on him
2.Climbing the mountain is a_(富有挑战性的)task for beginners.
3.It's important to一(恢复)quickly after an illness.
4.She showed great_(when giving the speech.
5.His(in math helped him solve the problem easily.
6.A new opportunity_()when he was traveling in Europe
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.She needs to(recover)from the injury before returning to the game.
2.The two cultures_(differ)from each other in many aspects
3.
(unfortunately),the weather was bad during our trip.
6
高中必修1北师大版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
4.All in all,it was a_(challenge)but meaningful experience.
5.He has the(competent)to handle difficult situations.
四、完成句子(每空一词)
1.他的教学方法和我的有很大不同。
His teaching method_-mine a lot.
2.她花了很长时间才从失败中恢复过来。
It took her a long time to the failure.
3.总而言之,这次活动取得了圆满成功。
_the activity was a great success.
4.父母对她的未来有很高的期望。
Her parents have high
her future.
五、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
Learning a new language can be both exciting and challenging.Many students feel_(pres-
sure/stress)when facing difficult grammar rules.However,with practice,they can-(recover/regain)
confidence.Last year,I joined a language club where I met people from different countries.Their
cultures_(differ/distinguish)from mine,but we became good friends.Our teacher,a_(dy-
namic/energetic)young man,often encouraged us to speak in public.-(Unfortunately/Regrettably),
I missed the final competition due to illness,but I plan to try again this year.All in all,language learn-
ing is a journey that requires patience and _(competence/ability).
参考答案
I.单项选择
1.B2B3.A4.A5.B6.A7.A8.A9.A10.B
Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.pressure 2.challenging
3.recover 4.confidence 5.competence
6.arose
ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.recover 2.differ 3.Unfortunately
4.challenging
5.competence
7
高中必修1北师大版
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D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
V.完成句子
1.differs from
2.recover from 3.All in all 4.expectations for
V.语篇填空
1.pressure 2.regain 3.differ 4.dynamic 5.Unfortunately
6.competence
P