Unit 1 Relationships Lesson 1-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第一册（北师大版）

高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析精讲 【Unit 1】Relationships Lesson 1 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 practical/praektik/adj.实际的：fuel/'fju:al/n.燃料 drag/draeg/v.拖，拉 实践的：切实可行的 lack /laek/t.缺乏 acid/'esId/n.酸 angle/'eJgl/n.角 presentation/prezan'tejn/n.报onion/'njen/n.洋葱 *triangle/trae)gln.三角形 告：陈述，说明 access/'ekses/n.进入；接触的 for the first time初次，第一次 a couple of一些，几个；一双，一 机会 hydrogen /'hardrad3an/n. 对 worthwhile /.w3:0'warl/adj. rocket/'okt/n.火箭 used to过去经常，曾经 得做的：重要的；有益的 pour /p/t.灌，注，倒 behaviour /bI'hervja/n.行为，举educationalist/,ed3u'keIfanalIst// pour into投入（倒…于某物 止 n.教育（学）家 词义辨析及同义替换 1.practical/praektikl/adj.实际的；实践的：切实可行的 词义辨析： practical:侧重指“实用的、切实可行的”，强调解决实际问题的能力，反义词为impractical。 pragmatic:更强调“务实的、注重实效的”，常用于形容人或政策的处事风格。 同义替换： pragmatic,functional 例句： We need a practical solution to this problem,not just theories. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1同步练习） This new machine is more than the old one because it saves a lot of time. A.expensive B.practical C.beautiful (答案：B) 2.lack/1ek/t.缺乏 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： lack(动词)：直接接宾语，常见搭配lack sth.,主语多为事物或人。 be short of:强调“数量不足”，主语多为事物，如The project is short of funds. 同义替换： be short of,be deficient in 例句： Many students lack confidence when speaking English 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1单元测试） The plant died because it water and sunlight A.lacked B.got C.had (答案：A) 3.access/'ekses/n.进入；接触的机会 词义辨析： access::指“接近、进入或使用的权利/机会”，后常接介词to,如access to information。 approach:侧重“方法、途径”或“靠近”的动作，如a new approach to leamning。 同义替换： entry,admission 例句： Students should have easy access to library resources. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1模块练习） With the development of technology,people now have free to the Internet in many public places. A.access B.way C.time (答案：A) 4.worthwhile/w3:0'wal/adj.值得做的；重要的：有益的 词义辨析： worthwhile::可作表语或定语，主语多为事物或活动，如a worthwhile job。 worth:后接名词或动名词，常用搭配be worth doing,如The book is worth reading. worthy:后接of+名词或to be done,如The problem is worthy of attention, 同义替换： valuable,meaningful 例句： It is worthwhile to spend time learning a second language 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1期中测试） Volunteering in the community is a. experience that helps you grow as a person. 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.worthless B.worthwhile C.boring (答案：B) 5.presentation/,prezan'teln/n.报告；陈述，说明 词义辨析： presentation:指“正式的报告、演讲或展示”，常涉及视觉辅助材料，如PPT。 speech:侧重“演讲、讲话”，多指口头表达，如a graduation speech。 同义替换： lecture,demonstration 例句： She gave a wonderful presentation on environmental protection. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1同步练习） The student will make a about his research findings in front of the class tomorrow. A.presentation B.conversation C.story (答案：A) 6.behaviour/bI'hervj3/n.行为，举止 词义辨析： behaviour:英式拼写，泛指“行为、举止”，可指人或动物的行为，如good behaviour。 behavior: 美式拼写，含义与behaviour完全相同。 conduct:更正式，侧重“品行、操守”，如academic conduct。. 同义替换： conduct,manner 例句： Teachers should pay attention to students'behaviour in class. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1单元练习） His good 赢得了老师和同学的尊重。 A.behaviour B.appearance C.hobby (答案：A) 7.used to过去经常，曾经 词义辨析： used to:表示“过去常常做某事”，现在已不再如此，后接动词原形。 would:也可表示过去习惯性动作，但更强调“过去反复发生的动作”，常与often等词连用。 同义替换： formerly,in the past 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： I used to play basketball every weekend when I was in high school 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1语法练习） My father smoke a lot,but now he has given it up A.used to B.is used to C.was used to (答案：A) 8.a couple of一些，几个；一双，一对 词义辨析： a couple of:口语中常表示“两三个、儿个”，后接可数名词复数，如a couple of days。 afew:强调“有几个”，数量比a couple of略多，表肯定含义。 同义替换： several,a few 例句： I need to buy a couple of notebooks before class. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1词汇练习） Could you please wait for me forminutes?I need to finish this email. A.a couple of B.much C.a little (答案：A) 9.pour /p3/t.灌，注，倒 词义辨析： pour:指“大量地倒、灌”，常与into连用，如pour water into the glass。. pour into:强调“投入（时间、精力等）”，如pour money into education。 同义替换： flow,stream 例句： She poured the milk into the cup carefully. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1阅读填空) People their savings into the stock market,hoping to make a profit A.poured B.took C.brought (答案：A) 10.fuel/'fjua/n.燃料 词义辨析： fuel:泛指“燃料”，包括固体、液体或气体燃料，如coal fuel。 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 gasoline:特指“汽油”，美式英语：petrol为英式英语。 同义替换： energy source,combustible 例句： Cars use gasoline as fuel to run 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1科学模块练习） Rockets need a lot of to send satellites into space. A.fuel B.water C.air (答案：A) l1.educationalist/,edu'kerfanalist/n.教育（学）家 词义辨析： educationalist:指“教育学家、教育理论家”，侧重教育研究和理论。 educator:更泛指“教育工作者”，包括教师、校长等一线教育人员。 同义替换： educationist,pedagogue 例句： The famous educationalist has written many books on child development 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1人文阅读） As an she dedicated her life to improving the quality of rural education A.educationalist B.musician C.artist (答案：A) 12.for the first time初次，第一次 词义辨析： for the first time:在句中作状语，强调“首次发生的动作”，如He came to Beijing for the first time the first time:可引导时间状语从句，如The first time I saw her,I was impressed. 同义替换： initially,at first 例句： I met my best friend for the first time in middle school. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1完形填空） he tried skiing,he fell down many times,but he didn't give up. A.For the first time B.Atlast C.As usual (答案：A) 5 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The new teaching method is more than the traditional one because it improves students' practical skills. A.expensive B.practical C.beautiful 2.Many young people the courage to express their ideas openly in public A.lack B.get C.have 3.With the new library card,students have free to all online resources A.access B.way C.time 4.Itis _to volunteer in the old people's home during weekends. A.worthless B.worthwhile C.boring 5.The scientist will give a on climate change at the conference next week. A.presentation B.conversation C.story 6.His good in class won him the respect of both teachers and classmates. A.behaviour B.appearance C.hobby 7.My mother cook for the whole family,but now we take turns doing it. A.used to B.is used to C.was used to 8.Could you please lend me pens?I forgot to bring mine today. A.a couple of 6 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.much C.a little 9.People their efforts into protecting the environment to build a greener city A.poured B.took C.brought 10.Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity without using traditional A.fuel B.water C.air 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.As an e she has devoted her life to researching educational reform. 2.For the first time,he felt the p of helping others solve problems. 3.The machine stopped working because it 1proper maintenance. 4.It is w to spend time reading classic books to improve your mind. 5.The teacher asked us to prepare a p_ on our favorite historical figure. 6.Children should learn good bfrom a young age,such as saying"thank you". 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The (educationalist)delivered a speech on the importance of creativity in schools. 2.We (use)to go hiking every Sunday,but now we prefer cycling. 3.It is (practice)to carry a umbrella on rainy days. 4.She (pour)the tea into the cups and served the guests politely. 5.The project requires a lot of (fuel)to run the generators. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.学生们应该容易接触到最新的学习资料。 Students should have easy the latest learning materials. > 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.第一次见到她时，我就被她的笑容打动了。 I was impressed by her smile when I met her 3.这台新机器比机器更实用，因为它能节省大量时间。 The new machine is than the old one because it can save a lot of time 4.他过去常常熬夜，但现在养成了早睡的习惯。 He stay up late,but now he has formed a habit of sleeping early. 5.投入足够的时间学习一门外语是值得的。 It is enough time learning a foreign language. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In modern society,technology has changed the way we learn.For students,easy (1) (ac- cess/approach)to online courses has become a daily part of life.Many educationalists believe this is(2) (practical/pragmatic)for self-directed learning.However,some argue that traditional classrooms offer (3) (worthwhile/valuable)interactions that cannot be replaced.Take Tom as an example.He (4) (used to/would)struggle with math until he found an online course.He (5) (poured/flowed)hours into watching lectures and doing exercises every day.(6) (For the first time/The first time)he got an A in a math test,his parents were very proud.Now,Tom still attends offline classes,but he uses online resources to review what he learns(7)(a couple of/several)times a week. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.B2.A3.A4B5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A IⅡ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.educationalist 2.pleasure 3.lacked 4.worthwhile 5.presentation 6.behaviour 工用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.educationalist 2.used 3.practical 4.poured 5.fuel V.完成句子 1.access to 2.for the first time 3.more practical 4.used to 5.worthwhile to spend P 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 V.语篇填空 1.access 2.practical 3.valuable 4.used to 5.poured 6.For the first time 7.a couple of 9