Unit 5 Education Lesson3-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（北师大版）

高中选修2北师大版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 精讲专版 【Unit5】Education Lesson3 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 全部单元单词 obvious/'pbvias/adj.显然的，明 BCE/.bi:si:'i:/(before Common owe/Ao/t.有…是由于：把 显的；易理解的 Era)公元前 …归功于 analysis/A'nel3sIs/n.分析 approve /s'pru:v/t.赞成：赞许；shadow/jedb/n.阴影 rank /raenk/n.等级 批准 conventional /kan'venfanl/adj. royal/oIl/adj.皇家的；王室urge/3:d3/vt.强烈要求；敦促 守的：传统的 的 prison/prizn/n.监狱 kingdom/'kindam/n.王国 inefficient/.,nr'fifant/adj.效率abandon/A'baendan/t.放弃：抛civilisation/,srvalar'zen/n.文 低的 弃 明 worthy/w3:i/adj.有价值的：assumption/a'sAmpfn/n.假定，ital/'vaIt/adj.极其重要的，必 值得尊敬的 假设 不可少的 church3tn.教会：教堂 respected/rI'spektid/adj.受尊敬beneficial/benr'f/adj.有利 universe/'ju:nrv3s/n.宇宙 的，受敬重的 的，有帮助的 primitive/'primatrv/adj.原始的 wisdom/'wizdam/n.智慧 nankind/men'kand/n.人类 词义辨析及同义替换 1.obvious/pbvias//adj.显然的，明显的：易理解的 词义辨析： obvious: 指事物或道理非常明显，一眼就能看出，无需解释，强调“一目了然”。 apparent:侧重表面上看起来明显，有时可能暗含实际并非如此的意味。 同义替换： apparent,clear 例句： It is obvious that she is very happy today. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2同步练习） The solution to the problem was_to everyone except him. A.obvious 高中选修2北师大版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.difficult C.complex (答案：A) 2.abandon/a'baendan/t.放弃；抛弃 词义辨析： abandon:指彻底放弃或抛弃，可能出于被迫或自愿，对象可以是人、计划、信仰等。 gvep:语气较口语化，侧重主动停止做某事或放弃努力，后接名词或动名词。 同义替换： give up,desert 例句： He had to abandon his dream of becoming a singer due to illness. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2单元测试） Never hope,no matter how difficult the situation is. A.abandon B.achieve C.accept （答案：A) 3.approve /a'pru:v/t.赞成：赞许：批准 词义辨析： approve:作及物动词时表示“批准、认可”，作不及物动词时需与of连用，表“赞成”。 agree:侧重“同意、意见一致”，后可接with(人)、to(计划等)、on(协议等)。 同义替换： agree to,sanction 例句： The manager approved our plan to expand the business. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2同步练习） My parents don't-of me staying out late at night A.approve B.allow C.permit (答案：A) 4.assumption/A'snpn/n.假定，假设 词义辨析： assumption:指基于某种推测或缺乏证据的“假定、设想”，常与make搭配。 supposition:语气更弱，指“推测、猜想”，强调不确定性。 2 高中选修2北师大版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： supposition,hypothesis 例句： We made an assumption that he would come to the party. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2单元测试） The theory is based on the that the Earth is round A.assumption B.fact C.evidence (答案：A) 5.conventional/kn'venfanl/adj.守的：传统的 词义辨析： conventional:指遵循传统习惯或常规的，可形容人、观念、方法等。 traditional:强调“传统的、代代相传的”，侧重历史传承，如传统节日、文化等。 同义替换： traditional,customary 例句： He prefers conventional methods of teaching to modern ones. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2同步练习） In_Chinese culture,red is a symbol of good luck A.conventional B.traditional C.modern (答案：B) 6.ital/'vatl/adj.极其重要的，必不可少的 词义辨析： vital:强调对事物的存在、成功或运作至关重要，语气强烈，常接to。 important:普通用词，指具有重要意义或价值的，使用范围广。 同义替换： crucial,essential 例句： Water is vital to all living things. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2单元测试） Regular exercise is-for maintaining good health A.vital B.useless 3 高中选修2北师大版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 C.harmful (答案：A) 7.beneficial/benr'fil/adj.有利的，有帮助的 词义辨析： beneficial:指对人或事物有“有益的、有帮助的”影响，后常接to。 helpful:侧重“给予帮助的、有用的”，可形容人或事物，使用更口语化。 同义替换： helpful,advantageous 例句： Reading is beneficial to improving one's knowledge 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2同步练习） Taking part in after-school activities isto students'development A.beneficial B.difficult C.boring (答案：A) 8.respected /rI'spektid/adj.受尊敬的，受敬重的 词义辨析： respected:指因品德、成就等受到他人“尊敬的、敬重的”，强调被动含义。 respectable:指“值得尊的、体面的”，侧重符合社会道德标准。 同义替换： honored,esteemed 例句： The respected professor has made great contributions to science. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2单元测试） He is adoctor in our community. A.respected B.strict C.careless (答案：A) 9.analysis/A'nel3sIs/n.分析 词义辨析： nalysis:指对事物进行系统、深入的“分析、分解”，常与of连用。 examination:侧重“检查、审查”，可指对事物的仔细查看或考试。 同义替换： examination,study 高中选修2北师大版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： The analysis of the data showed that the project was successful. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2同步练习） We need to do a careful_of the problem before solving it. A.analysis B.description C.conclusion (答案：A) 10.rge3:d3yt.强烈要求；敦促 词义辨析： urge:指“强烈要求、催促”，语气坚决，常接sb to do sth。 advise:指“建议、劝告”，语气较委婉，强调提供意见。 同义替换： push,press 例句： The teacher urged us to study harder for the exam. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2单元测试） My parents-me to learn a second language A.urge B.allow C.forbid (答案：A) 11.owe//t.有…是由于：把…归功于 词义辨析： owe:指“欠（债、情等）”或“把…归功于”，常用owe sth to sb结构。 attribute:强调“把…归因于”，后接to,更正式，如attribute success to hard work。 同义替换： attribute,ascribe 例句： He owes his success to his parents'support. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修2同步练习） Wea lot to our teachers for their help A.owe B.pay C.give (答案：A) 高中选修2北师大版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 12.wisdom/wizdom/n.智慧 词义辨析： wisdom:指基于经验和知识的“智慧、睿智”，是不可数名词。 intelligence:侧重“智力、聪明才智”，指学习和理解能力。 同义替换： wisdom,sagacity 例句： The old man's wisdom helped us solve the problem. 真题链接： (北师大版高中选修2单元测试) We should learn from the_of our ancestors. A.wisdom B.strength C.courage (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The solution to the problem wasto everyone except him A.obvious B.difficult C.complex 2.Never hope,no matter how difficult the situation is. A.abandon B.achieve C.accept 3.My parents don'tof me staying out late at night. A.approve B.allow C.permit 4.The theory is based on the that the Earth is round. A.assumption B.fact C.evidence 6 高中选修2北师大版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.InChinese culture,red is a symbol of good luck. A.conventional B.traditional C.modern 6.Regular exercise is for maintaining good health A.vital B.useless C.harmful 7.Taking part in after-school activities isto students'development. A.beneficial B.difficult C.boring 8.He is a_doctor in our community A.respected B.strict C.careless 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.It'sothat she is lying-her face turned red when she spoke. 2.Don't ayour dreams easily,even if you face many difficulties. 3.The school principal approved our plan to organize a charity event,so we need to prepare for it carefully. 4.We made an athat the meeting would start at 9 a.m.,but no one arrived on time. 5.Water is v to all living things-without it,nothing can survive. 6.Reading widely is b_to improving your vocabulary and writing skills. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The(analyze)of the data showed that the new policy was effective. 2.She_(owe)her success to hard work and the support of her family. 3.The(convention)way of teaching math may not suit all students. 4.We should learn from the_(wise)of our ancestors to solve modern problems. 7 高中选修2北师大版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.The manager urged us(finish)the project before the end of the month. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.His success his parents'encouragement and his own efforts.(归功于) 2.Water is human survival.(对…至关重要) 3.The teacherusstudy harder for the final exam.( 4.We that he would arrive on time,but he was late.(做了一个假设) 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Scientists often make_(assume)before starting experiments.For example,they once thought the Earth was flat,but later proved it was round.This change was based on careful(analyze)of obser- vations and data.Many great discoveries start with such bold ideas. Traditional methods are important,but sometimes(convention)thinking limits progress.A (respect)scientist once said,"Questioning old ideas is vital to innovation."He(owe)his break- through to challenging accepted theories. In daily life,we should also be open-minded.For instance,exercising regularly is(beneficial)to health,but we need to find the right way for ourselves.Remember:never(abandon)hope when facing difficulties-small steps can lead to big success. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5B6.A7.A8.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.obvious 2.abandon 3.approved 4.assumption 5.vital 6.beneficial I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.analysis 2.owes 3.conventional 4.wisdom 5.to finish V.完成句子 1.is owed to 2.vital to 3.urged;to 4.made an assumption 8 高中选修2北师大版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 V.语篇填空 1.assumptions 2.analysis 3.conventional 4.respected 5.owed 6.beneficial 7.abandon