Unit 7 单元语法专练- 2025-2026学年沪教版 英语八年级下册

沪教8下第七单元语法专练 过去进行时知识点及练习 一、过去进行时的核心概念 过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作。它强调动作的持续性和未完成性，常翻译为“（当时）正在……”。 二、过去进行时的构成 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 现在分词 I was reading a book at 8 pm yesterday. They were playing football when it started to rain. 否定句：主语 + was/were not + 现在分词 She was not (wasn't) sleeping at midnight. We were not (weren't) watching TV at that time. 疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 现在分词？ Were you cooking dinner at 6 o'clock? Was he waiting for the bus when you saw him? 现在分词构成规则： 一般情况下直接在动词后加 ing：do→doing, eat→eating 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加 ing：take→taking, write→writing 重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母再加 ing：run→running, swim→swimming, begin→beginning 特殊变化：lie→lying, die→dying, tie→tying 三、过去进行时的核心用法 1. 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 常与具体的过去时间点连用，如 at 7 o'clock last night, at this time yesterday 等。 What were you doing at 8 o'clock last night?（昨晚8点你在做什么？） At this time yesterday, I was having lunch with my family.（昨天这个时候，我正在和家人吃午饭。） 2. 表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作 动作不一定在整个时间段内持续不断，但强调那段时间里动作正在进行。 I was studying in London from 2018 to 2020.（2018年到2020年我在伦敦学习。） They were building the bridge all last summer.（他们去年整个夏天都在建那座桥。） 3. 表示过去某一动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行 常与一般过去时连用，用 when 或 while 连接。过去进行时表示较长的动作（背景动作），一般过去时表示较短的动作（插入动作）。 I was watching TV when the phone rang.（电话响的时候我正在看电视。） While I was walking home, it started to rain.（我正走回家的时候，天开始下雨了。） 4. 表示过去同时进行的两个动作 用 while 连接，两个动作都用过去进行时。 While I was cooking, my wife was cleaning the room.（我做饭的时候，我妻子在打扫房间。） The children were playing outside while their parents were talking.（孩子们在外面玩，而他们的父母在聊天。） 5. 表示过去某个阶段临时或新形成的习惯 常与 always, constantly, forever 等连用，带有感情色彩（如厌烦、赞赏等）。 He was always losing his keys when he was young.（他年轻时老是丢钥匙。——表示厌烦） My grandmother was constantly telling me stories.（我祖母以前总是不停地给我讲故事。——表示怀念） 6. 用于描述故事背景 在讲故事或叙述时，用过去进行时设置背景，然后引入新事件。 The sun was shining, the birds were singing, and everyone was enjoying the beautiful day.（阳光明媚，鸟儿歌唱，每个人都在享受这美好的一天。） I was sitting in the park when suddenly I heard a scream.（我正坐在公园里，突然听到一声尖叫。） 四、过去进行时 vs. 一般过去时 对比点 过去进行时 一般过去时 强调点 强调动作的持续过程 强调动作的完成或事实 动作状态 动作未完成 动作已完成 时间长度 通常表示较长的动作 可长可短，但视为完整事件 例句对比 I was writing a letter last night.（昨晚我在写信——可能在睡觉前没写完） I wrote a letter last night.（昨晚我写了一封信——信已经写完了） 典型对比例句： I read a book yesterday.（昨天我读了一本书。——读完了整本） I was reading a book yesterday.（昨天我在读书。——可能没读完） When he arrived, I cooked dinner.（他到的时候，我做了晚饭。——他到了之后我才开始做） When he arrived, I was cooking dinner.（他到的时候，我正在做晚饭。——他到时我正在做，之前就开始了） 五、过去进行时的常见时间状语 at + 过去时间点：at 7 o'clock last night, at noon yesterday at this time + 过去时间：at this time yesterday, at that time 具体时间段：from 8 to 10 last night, all day yesterday when + 一般过去时从句：when I came in, when the phone rang while + 过去进行时从句：while I was sleeping just as：just as I was leaving（正当我要离开时） 六、专项练习题 Part 1: 选择题 1. I ______ TV when my mother came home. A. watched B. was watching C. were watching D. watch 2. What ______ at 7 o'clock yesterday evening? A. did you do B. were you doing C. are you doing D. do you do 3. While I ______ to school, I met an old friend. A. walked B. was walking C. am walking D. walk 4. They ______ a football match from 8 to 10 last night. A. watched B. were watching C. watch D. are watching 5. She ______ breakfast when the telephone ______. A. had; rang B. was having; rang C. was having; was ringing D. had; was ringing 6. He ______ always ______ his glasses when he was young. A. was; losing B. is; losing C. did; lose D. were; losing Part 2: 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I __________ (do) my homework at 8 o'clock last night. 2. They __________ (play) basketball when it started to rain. 3. She __________ (not sleep) at midnight; she was reading a book. 4. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, we saw an accident. 5. What __________ you __________ (do) at this time yesterday? 6. He __________ (fall) asleep while he __________ (watch) TV. 7. The students __________ (talk) loudly when the teacher came in. 8. I __________ (cook) dinner while my husband __________ (clean) the house. Part 3: 句型转换 1. I was reading a book at 9 pm last night.（改为否定句） ________________________________________________ 2. They were playing football at 4 o'clock yesterday.（改为一般疑问句） ________________________________________________ 3. She was cooking dinner when I arrived.（对划线部分提问，划线部分为 cooking dinner） ________________________________________________ 4. He was watching TV at 10 pm.（改为复数句） ________________________________________________ Part 4: 翻译题 1. 昨晚7点我正在吃晚饭。 ________________________________________________ 2. 当老师进来的时候，学生们在说话。 ________________________________________________ 3. 昨天这个时候你在做什么？ ________________________________________________ 4. 我妈妈在做饭，而我爸爸在看报纸。 ________________________________________________ 5. 他年轻时老是丢钥匙。 ________________________________________________ 6. 我们正在公园里散步，突然下起了雨。 ________________________________________________ 七、参考答案 Part 1: 选择题 1. B（妈妈回家时，我正在看电视，表示一个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行） 2. B（at 7 o'clock yesterday evening是具体的过去时间点，问当时正在做什么） 3. B（while引导的从句用过去进行时，表示正在走路时遇到朋友） 4. B（from 8 to 10 last night是过去的一段时间，强调在这段时间内一直在看球赛） 5. B（正在吃早饭时电话响了，was having是背景动作，rang是插入的短动作） 6. A（was always losing表示过去经常发生的习惯性动作，带有感情色彩） Part 2: 填空题 1. was doing 2. were playing 3. was not sleeping（或 wasn't sleeping） 4. were waiting 5. were; doing 6. fell; was watching 7. were talking 8. was cooking; was cleaning Part 3: 句型转换 1. I was not reading a book at 9 pm last night. 2. Were they playing football at 4 o'clock yesterday? 3. What was she doing when you arrived? 4. They were watching TV at 10 pm. Part 4: 翻译题 1. I was having dinner at 7 o'clock last night. 2. The students were talking when the teacher came in. 3. What were you doing at this time yesterday? 4. My mother was cooking while my father was reading the newspaper. 5. He was always losing his keys when he was young. 6. We were walking in the park when it suddenly started to rain. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $