单元检测卷(四) Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（译林版）

第一部分听力。第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题，每段对话仅读一遍。Text one, I see you a lot at the library these days. Why are you always there these days? I want to finish writing in my school paper before the . exams began. No wonder. Text to ted, can I use your car tonight? Sorry. but tom is using mine now. Why don't you use your own car? IT broke down last night. It's being repared now. Text three, which dress do you think I should wear today? The red one or . the black one? Why not try the blue one? You look great in IT OK. Text for IT seems that Thomas failed his exam again. You know that he's sitting over there. Just look at him. Wow, no wonder you think he has failed the exam. Text five, I heard three people got injured when the two cars hit each other. Do you . know what caused IT? One of the drivers was talking over the phone. 第二节，听下面五段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第六段材料，回答第六、七题。Text six, lisa, did you read the book last night that I lend to you the other day? I had plan . to read IT, but Henry invited me to a movie, so I went to the cinema with him. How did you like the movie? I thought it'd be great, but IT turned out to . be terrible. Did Henry like IT? He seem to like IT. He left several times. Well. boys and girls love different movies. You're right. lisa. Did you read the book last night that I link to you the other day . I had planned to to read IT, but Henry invited me to a movie. So I went to the cinema with him. How did you like the movie? I thought I would be great, but IT turned out to . be terrible. Did Henry like IT? He seem to like IT. He left several times. Well, boys and girls love different movies. You're right. 听第七段材料，回答第八、九题。Tech seven, are you reading news on the internet? sam? No. I just finish reading the news now. I'm searching for a summer job. What kind of summer job do you want? I've been gaining weight in the past few months, so I want a summer job that will give me some exercise. What about a swimming teacher? Are you kidding? I'm not good at swimming myself. Then what . about a waiter? You need to walk around all the time. I don't . like working at a restaurant here. I think I can do this. What is IT a couple . is looking forward to our guide. They'll spend a week in the city. I can do that. Are you reading news on the internet? sam? No, I just . finished reading the news. Now i'm searching for a summer job. What kind of summer job do you want? I've been gaining weight in the past few months, so I want a summer job that will give me some exercise. What about a swimming teacher? Are you kidding? I'm not good at swimming myself. Then what about a waiter? You need to walk around all the time. I don't . like working at a restaurant here. I think I can do this. What is IT a couple . is looking forward, tour guide. They'll spend a week in the city. I can do that. 听第八段材料，回答第10至12题。Text aid, lisa, do you like scene around the city? Yes. but it's a pity that I usually have to work on weekdays, so I don't have much time to see around the city. Have you got used to the food here? I haven't really got used to IT yet. I usually eat western food at the restaurant near my office, but I really want to try more traditional chinese dishes before I leave. Have you tried traditional chinese dumplings? Yes, I ate some on my first day here, but I used forks to eat them. I don't know how to use chopsticks. Have you tried beijing roast duck? No, i've always wanted to try, but I don't know where I can try IT. Well, i'd like to treat you to a meal at a famous duck restaurant near here. If you have time tonight, it'll be a pity if you leave without tasting IT. I really want to, but i'll go to a meeting tonight. What about tomorrow evening? Okay, lisa. do you like . seen around the city? Yes. but it's a pity that I usually have to work on weekdays, so I don't have much time to see around the city. Have you got used to the food here? I haven't really got used to IT yet. I usually eat western food at the restaurant near my office, but I really want to try more traditional chinese dishes before I leave. Have you tried traditional chinese dumplings? Yes, I ate some on my first day here, but I used forks to eat them. I don't know how to use chopsticks. Have you tried beijing roast duck? No, i've always wanted to try, but I don't know where I can try. IT. Well, i'd like to treat you to a meal at a famous duck restaurant near here. If you have time tonight, I will be a pity if you leave without tasty IT. I really want to, but i'll go to a meeting tonight. What about tomorrow evening? okay. 听第九段材料，回答第13至16题。Text nine hi, Sophia, i'm just calling to see if you are OK. All of our friends have already ride. Sorry, dick, i'm afraid i'm lost. I really have no idea where I am now. I don't see any road signs. Don't worry, just tell me what is around you. Can you see anything like a restaurant or a hotel? Yes, there is a hotel called orange. Hotel is a seven floor building, and on its right is a post office. Is there a flower store on its left? Yes, I know where you are now. You must be on king street. You've pass the street I live on now. I'll tell you what to do. You need to go back the way you came. Follow IT west for about three miles, and you get to a crossroad turn right then. You'll beyond queen street, follow that for one mile and you will see a rest from my building is behind IT. I think i've got IT, but I may have to call you again when I get to your street, i've really got no sense of direction. No problem. Just take . your time. OK. Hi Sophia, i'm just calling to see if you are okay. All of our friends have already sorry. dick. I'm afraid i'm last. I really have no idea where I am now. I don't see any road signs. Don't worry, just tell me what is around you. Can you see anything like a restaurant or a hotel? Yes, there is a hotel called orange. Hotel is a seven floor building, and on its right is a post office. Is there a flower store on its left? Yes, I know where you are now. You must be on king street. You've pass the street I live on now i'll tell you what to do. You need to go back the way you came. Follow IT waste for about three miles, and you get to a crossroad turn right then you'll beyond queen street, follow that for one mile and you'll see a restaurant. My building is behind IT. I think i've got IT, but I may have to call you again. When I get to your street, i've really got no sense of direction. No problem. Just take . your time. okay? 听第十段材料，回答第17至20题。Tex tian, good morning, everyone. Last week, a mother wrote to us and ask for tips on how to help kids stay heavy and active in today's program. I'd like to give you some tips on this. First, parents should set a good example. When I was a kid, my parents hardly watch T, V at home. They loved exercising outdoors. I fell in love with doing that too. If parents lead by example, kids will be more likely to join in the fun. Second, parents should said healthy goals. Parents should provide kids with at least five different kinds of fruits and vegetables every day. Kids should be allowed to watch T, V for less than two hours daily. Also, parents should ask their kids to do physical activity for at least one hour daily. Third, parents can give children toys that encourage physical activity, like balls, kids and jump rope. When I was Young, my father often gave me balls as birthday present, and I really made good use of them. That's so much for today. Thank you for your listening. Good morning, everyone. Last week, a mother wrote to us and ask for tips on how to help kids stay healthy and active in today's program. I'd like to give you some tips on this. First, parents should set a good example. When I was a kid, my parents hardly watch T. V at home. They loved exercising outdoors. I fell in love with doing that too. If parents lead by example, kids will be more likely to join in the fun. Second, parents should said healthy goals. Parents should provide kids with at least five different kinds of fruits and vegetables every day. Kids should be allowed to watch T, V for less than two hours daily. Also, parents should ask their kids to do physical activity for at least one hour daily. Third, parents can give children toys that encourage physical activity, like balls, kids and jump ropes. When I was Young, my father often gave me balls as birthday present, and I really made good use of them. That's so much for today. Thank you for your listening. 单元检测卷(四)　Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world (时间：120分钟　满分：150分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is the man busy with these days？ A．His school paper. B．Some exams. C．Some books. 2．Why can’t the woman use the man’s car？ A．It has broken down. B．He needs it. C．Tom is using it. 3．Which dress will the woman wear today？ A．The blue one. B．The red one. C．The black one. 4．How does Tom look now？ A．Upset. B．Angry. C．Nervous. 5．What are the speakers talking about？ A．A car. B．A traffic accident. C．Traffic rules. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What did the man do the other day？ A．He watched a movie. B．He read a book at home. C．He lent a book to the woman. 7．What did the woman think of the movie？ A．Great. B．Funny. C．Terrible. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What did the man read just now？ A．Some news on the Internet. B．Some job information. C．Tips on losing weight. 9．What does the man decide to do in the end？ A．To go traveling. B．To be a tour guide. C．To work as a waiter. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Why did the woman most probably come to the city？ A．To work. B．To do sight-seeing. C．To try food. 11．What did the woman do on her first day in the city？ A．She learned to use chopsticks. B．She tried Beijing Roast Duck. C．She tried Chinese dumplings. 12．Why won’t the woman join the man tonight？ A．She doesn’t feel like going. B．She can’t afford the time. C．She is too tired today. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Where is Orange Hotel？ A．On the right of a flower store. B．On the right of a post office. C．On the left of a flower store. 14．How many floors does Orange Hotel have？ A．Five floors. B．Seven floors. C．Nine floors. 15．Where is the woman probably going？ A．A post office. B．The man’s home. C．A restaurant. 16．What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers？ A．Strangers. B．Husband and wife. C．Friends. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Why did the mother write？ A．To complain. B．To ask for tips. C．To share some ways. 18．What did the speaker’s parents love doing？ A．They loved showing their love. B．They loved watching TV. C．They loved doing exercise. 19．How long does the speaker think kids can watch TV daily？ A．For less than an hour. B．For less than two hours. C．For less than three hours. 20．Why did the speaker’s father often give her balls？ A．He wanted to encourage her to exercise. B．He wanted her to become an athlete. C．She had a special gift for exercise. 答案：　1－5　ACAAB　6－10　CCABA　11－15　CBABB　16－20　CBCBA 听力材料 第一节　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 (Text 1) W：I see you a lot at the library these days. Why are you always there these days？ M：I want to finish writing my school paper before the exams begin. W：No wonder. (Text 2) W：Ted，can I use your car tonight？ M：Sorry，but Tom is using mine now. Why don’t you use your own car？ W：It broke down last night. It’s being repaired now. (Text 3) W：Which dress do you think I should wear today，the red one or the black one？ M：Why not try the blue one？You look great in it. W：OK. (Text 4) M：It seems that Tom has failed his exam again. W：How do you know that？ M：He’s sitting over there. Just look at him. W：Wow，no wonder you think he has failed the exam. (Text 5) W：I heard three people got injured when the two cars hit each other. M：Yes. W：Do you know what caused it？ M：One of the drivers was talking over the phone. 第二节　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 (Text 6) M：Lisa，did you read the book last night that I lent to you the other day？ W：I had planned to read it，but Henry invited me to a movie. So I went to the cinema with him. M：How did you like the movie？ W：I thought it’d be great，but it turned out to be terrible. M：Did Henry like it？ W：He seemed to like it. He laughed several times. M：Well，boys and girls love different movies. W：You’re right. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 (Text 7) W：Are you reading news on the Internet，Sam？ M：No. I just finished reading the news. Now I’m searching for a summer job. W：What kind of summer job do you want？ M：I’ve been gaining weight in the past few months. So I want a summer job that will give me some exercise. W：What about a swimming teacher？ M：Are you kidding？I’m not good at swimming myself. W：Then what about a waiter？You need to walk around all the time. M：I don’t like working at a restaurant. Here，I think I can do this. W：What is it？ M：A couple is looking for a tour guide. They’ll spend a week in the city. I can do that. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 (Text 8) M：Lisa，do you like seeing around the city？ W：Yes. But it’s a pity that I usually have to work on weekdays. So I don’t have much time to see around the city. M：Have you got used to the food here？ W：I haven’t really got used to it yet. I usually eat western food at the restaurant near my office. But I really want to try more traditional Chinese dishes before I leave. M：Have you tried traditional Chinese dumplings？ W：Yes. I ate some on my first day here. But I used forks to eat them. I don’t know how to use chopsticks. M：Have you tried Beijing Roast Duck？ W：No. I’ve always wanted to try，but I don’t know where I can try it. M：Well，I’d like to treat you to a meal at a famous duck restaurant near here if you have time tonight. It’ll be a pity if you leave without tasting it. W：I really want to，but I’ll go to a meeting tonight. What about tomorrow evening？ M：OK. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 (Text 9) M：Hi，Sophia. I’m just calling to see if you are OK.All of our friends have already arrived. W：Sorry，Dick，I’m afraid I’m lost. I really have no idea where I am now. I don’t see any road signs. M：Don’t worry. Just tell me what is around you. Can you see anything like a restaurant or a hotel？ W：Yes. There is a hotel called Orange Hotel. It’s a seven-floor building and on its right is a post office. M：Is there a flower store on its left？ W：Yes. M：I know where you’re now. You must be on King’s Street. You’ve passed the street I live on. Now I’ll tell you what to do. You need to go back the way you came. Follow it west for about three miles，and you’ll get to a crossroad. Turn right. Then you’ll be on Queen’s Street. Follow that for one mile and you’ll see a restaurant. My building is behind it. W：I think I’ve got it. But I may have to call you again when I get to your street. I’ve really got no sense of direction. M：No problem. Just take your time. W：OK. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 (Text 10) W：Good morning，everyone. Last week，a mother wrote to us and asked for tips on how to help kids stay healthy and active. In today’s program，I’d like to give you some tips on this. First，parents should set a good example. When I was a kid，my parents hardly watched TV at home. They loved exercising outdoors. I fell in love with doing that，too. If parents lead by example，kids will be more likely to join in the fun. Second，parents should set healthy goals. Parents should provide kids with at least five different kinds of fruits and vegetables every day. Kids should be allowed to watch TV for less than two hours daily. Also，parents should ask their kids to do physical activity for at least one hour daily. Third，parents can give children toys that encourage physical activity，like balls，kites，and jump ropes. When I was young，my father often gave me balls as birthday presents and I really made good use of them. That’s so much for today. Thank you for your listening. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gérard Mourou. It’s the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize，but why has it taken so long？ We look at five other pioneering female physicists—past and present—who actually deserve the prize. Jocelyn Bell Burnell Perhaps the most famous snub (冷落)：then-student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars (射电脉冲星)in 1967，when she was a PhD student at University of Cambridge. The Nobel Prize that recognized this landmark discovery in 1974，however，went to her male supervisor，Antony Hewish. Recently awarded a ￡2.3m Breakthrough Prize，which she gave away to help under-represented students，she joked to The Guardian，“I feel I’ve done very well out of not getting a Nobel Prize.” Lene Hau Hau is best known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light，before managing to stop it completely in 2001. Often topping Nobel Prize prediction lists，could 2019 be Hau’s year？ Vera Rubin Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s，opening up a new field of astronomy. She died in 2016，without recognition from the committee. Chien-Shiung Wu Wu’s “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity (宇称守恒定律)”. Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured，and instead，her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel Prize for their theoretical work behind the study. Lise Meitner Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission. However，the discovery was acknowledged by the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry，which was won by her male co-leader，Otto Hahn. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五位先驱女物理学家，她们在科学研究方面做出了巨大贡献，但由于种种原因而未能获得诺贝尔奖。 21．When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognized by the Nobel committee？ A．In 1944. B．In 1967. C．In 1974. D．In 1980. C　[细节理解题。根据Jocelyn Bell Burnell中“The Nobel Prize that recognized this landmark discovery in 1974... ”可知，第一个射电脉冲星在1967年被发现，该项成果被授予诺贝尔奖是在1974年，故选C。] 22．Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel Prize later according to the text？ A．Donna Strickland. B．Jocelyn Bell Burnell. C．Lene Hau. D．Vera Rubin. C　[推理判断题。根据Lene Hau中“Often topping Nobel Prize prediction lists... ”可知，Lene Hau经常被列于诺贝尔奖预测名单榜首，她最有可能之后获诺贝尔奖，故选C。] 23．What do we know about the five females？ A．The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry. B．Vera Rubin had opened up a new field in geometry. C．Lise Meitner’s teacher won a Nobel Prize for her work. D．All their findings haven’t been recognized by the Nobel committee. D　[推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，文中介绍的5位女科学家都应该获得诺贝尔奖，但由于各种原因未能获奖，故选D。] B Jerome Karle and Isabella Lugoski met in their first physical chemistry class at the University of Michigan in 1940. Jerome Karle was in his first year of doctoral work，Isabella Lugoski was in her last year as an undergraduate (大学本科生)，and they were laboratory partners. However，they didn’t get along well at first. Isabella Lugoski looked back on the past，“I walked into the physical chemistry laboratory and there was a young man in the desk next to mine with his equipment all set up running his experiment. I don’t think I was very polite about my question. I asked him how he got there early and had everything all set up. He didn’t like that. So we didn’t talk to each other for a while.” Their relationship got going as they competed for the top grade in that course and they started to build connection because both of them were interested in chemistry. They married in 1942. By 1946，both of the Karles had earned doctorates in physical chemistry，and，after a period of time at the University of Chicago working on the Manhattan Project，they moved to Washington D.C. to join the US Naval Research Laboratory. Each specialized in a different aspect of X-ray crystallography (晶体学)：Jerome focused on developing equations (方程式)that could determine how atoms (原子)were arranged inside complex molecules，while Isabella ran practical experiments to test how well the equations worked. Working together，they created what is now called the direct method for determining molecular structures (分子结构)，which has allowed scientists to effectively study and copy complex organic molecules to continue further study. Jerome Karle was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1985. Although he was disappointed that the Nobel committee had ignored Isabella’s contribution to that work，she was unfazed. At that point，she had already won more awards and prize money for her experimental work than he had. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jerome Karle和Isabella Lugoski这两位在化学领域取得卓越成就的化学家的故事。 24．What did Isabella Lugoski do when she first met Jerome Karle？ A．She blamed him for his being late. B．She set up all his equipment for him. C．She asked him a question impolitely. D．She observed his experiment silently. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“I don’t think I was very polite about my question. I asked him how he got there early and had everything all set up.”可知Isabella Lugoski第一次见到Jerome Karle时她不礼貌地问了他一个问题。] 25．What made Jerome Karle and Isabella Lugoski become connected？ A．Their common interest in chemistry. B．Their wonderful marriage since 1940. C．Their pleasant first talk in a laboratory. D．Their successful cooperation in courses. A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“... they started to build connection because both of them were interested in chemistry.”可知，对化学的共同兴趣让Jerome Karle和Isabella Lugoski建立了关系。] 26．What is Paragraph 4 mainly intended to show？ A．The Karles’ encouraging further study. B．The Karles’ good teamwork in science. C．How the Karles worked with others. D．Why the Karles won the Nobel Prize. B　[段落大意题。根据第四段内容，尤其是第四段第一句可知，第四段主要展示夫妇俩在科学上的良好团队合作。] 27．Which of the following best explains “unfazed” underlined in the last paragraph？ A．Generous. B．Touched. C．Shocked. D．Calm. D　[词义猜测题。根据“Although he was disappointed that the Nobel committee had ignored Isabella’s contribution to that work... ”可知，画线词所在句与前半句是转折关系，因此推断Isabella尽管被忽视了贡献，但是她很平静。故画线单词意思是“平静的，冷静的”。] C Scientists may have found a way to reduce shortage of type O blood. Type O is the kind of blood that hospitals most often need. What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood. There are four main kinds of blood. Most people born with one of these four：Type A，Type B，Type AB or Type O. Type O can be safely given to anyone. So it is commonly used when a person is injured or sick and has to have blood. The differences among blood types are linked to whether or not red blood cells contain certain kinds of sugar molecules (分子). These molecules are found on the surface of the cells. They are known as antigens (抗原). These antigens are found with type A，B and AB blood but not with type O. More than twenty-five years ago，scientists found that the antigens could be removed to create what they called universal-type cells. They could be removed with chemicals called enzymes (酶). But large amounts of enzymes were required to make the change. Doctor Henrik Clausen of the University of Copenhagen in Denmark led the study. The next step，he says，is to complete safety tests. The team is working with the American company ZymeQuest to test the new method. If it meets safety requirements and is not too costly，it could become a widely used life-saving tool to increase the supply of universal blood. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了目前科学家正在测试的一种新的O型血的制造方法，这一方法可以解决医院和血库中O型血的匮乏问题。 28．How do scientists deal with the problem of lacking type O blood？ A．Hope more people to donate type O blood. B．Make the most of the present type O blood. C．Develop new ways of using type O blood. D．Make type O blood out of other kinds of blood. D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood.”可知，研究人员正在测试的是一种更容易的方法，从其他类型的血液中制造O型血液。故选D项。] 29．What make (s) people have different kinds of blood？ A．Sugar molecules in red blood cells. B．People’s different living conditions. C．People’s various immune systems. D．The variety of people’s cells and genes. A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“The differences among blood types... kinds of sugar molecules (分子).”可知，血型之间的差异与红细胞是否含有某些类型的糖分子有关。故选A项。] 30．What can we infer from the text？ A．Type O blood can be safely given to anyone. B．Antigens could easily be removed to create universal blood. C．A Danish company wanted to involve itself in studying blood. D．The new method is not safe enough to be put into use in hospitals now. D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The next step，he says... increase the supply of universal blood.”可知，新的方法还没有完成安全测试，由于安全性还不确定，还没有投入使用。故选D项。] 31．What is the best title for the text？ A．Four different kinds of blood B．A new way to make type O blood C．The latest research on blood type D．Find the proper type of blood B　[标题归纳题。根据“What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood.”可知，本文主要介绍的是一种新的制造O型血的方法，故选B项。] D 3-D printing is a recent technological development that has started making its way into the marketplace. It is a way of making 3-D objects from computer models. 3-D printing works by adding together layers of material. This pattern is repeated until the layers form a shape for almost any purpose. The almost unlimited possibility of 3-D printing is quickly leading to a revolution in how things are made and produced. As with most technology，3-D printing may help to create things that could benefit humans. However，it could also be used to create things that could harm other people. One of the promising aspects of 3-D printing is that it may help doctors treat patients in need. Currently 3-D printing is being used to create prostheses (假体) that help replace missing noses and eyeballs，thus greatly cutting down on the usual wait time for a new prosthesis. Dentists are also using 3-D printers to create custom toothbrushes for patients’ teeth. The toothbrush fits a person’s teeth well，which means that he or she gets a much cleaner mouth than with regular toothbrushes. Many scientists see the potential for 3-D printing to create replacement organs for people who need organ transplants. This would save lives as it removes the need for such patients to wait for an organ donation (捐献). Although many people believe 3-D printing is a positive technology that could help humans，it may also have the opposite effect. There is a recent controversy (争议)about the ability of 3-D printing to produce arms such as guns. Recently，one organization announced the plans to produce a 3-D plastic gun. Anyone with the proper technology and with the determination to make a gun could potentially do so. Will the future of 3-D printing provide hope or danger for humans？ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术的发展在某些方面给人类带来的利弊，比如既可以打印假体造福人类，也会被用来生产枪支等武器。 32．According to the article，how does 3-D printing work？ A．It helps companies enter the marketplace. B．It adds together layers of material to make a shape. C．It uses 3-D objects to make computer models. D．It uses printers to make different models of computers. B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“3-D printing works by adding... for almost any purpose.”可知，3D打印是通过将多层材料叠加在一起实现的。这种模式会一直重复，直到材料层形成一个形状。故选B项。] 33．According to the article，what is one possible future benefit of 3-D printing？ A．It may help to prevent deaths. B．It can create controversy. C．It can make a toothbrush. D．It could produce computers. A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“Many scientists see the potential for 3-D printing to create replacement organs for people... ”可知，3D打印技术能应用于器官移植，那么病人就不需要等待器官捐献，这可能会拯救生命。故选A项。] 34．Which paragraph talks about the controversial aspects of 3-D printing？ A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．All of the above. C　[段落大意题。根据第三段中“There is a recent controversy (争议)about the ability of 3-D printing to produce arms such as guns.”可知，本段讨论了3D打印技术的争议。故选C。] 35．What can be inferred from the article？ A．It is not yet known whether there will be more benefits than dangers in 3-D printing. B．Most of companies will start to use 3-D printing technology in the future. C．Soldiers will benefit greatly from advances in 3-D printing. D．The government will probably forbid 3-D printing because it is too dangerous. A　[推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是最后一段中“Will the future of 3-D printing provide hope or danger for humans？”可以推测出，3D打印技术究竟能给人类带来好处还是危险是未知的。故选A项。] 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Franklin’s experiment：How much is true？ Benjamin Franklin’s famous lightning experiment has introduced generations of children to science.　36　 The well-known story is that Franklin flew a kite during a storm in 1752. At that time，there was much interest in electricity. People wanted to know if lightning was really produced by electricity.　37　 He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it. A metal key was attached to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite，and electricity was conducted through the string to the key.　38　 This，he said，proved that lightning was a form of electricity. For years，schools have taught this story and it has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions. However，neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place，more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.　39　 But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key，he would certainly have died from the electric shock. Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish the facts. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity. 　40　 But in science，facts should be proved by experiments and research，and we should not always believe everything we read or hear—even if it is a great story. A．Franklin was one of them. B．The details about the string and the key are true. C．It’s true that many discoveries start with an experiment. D．Admittedly，fiction is often more interesting than the truth. E．Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock. F．However，new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact. G．This experiment proves beyond any doubt that lightning is an electric phenomenon. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了富兰克林的实验真实性。因为在科学中，事实应该通过实验和研究来证明，不应该依据一个伟大的故事。 36．F　[由文章标题“富兰克林的实验：有多少是真的？”和第四段前两句“然而，这个故事和实验的细节都不是完全真实的。尽管富兰克林的实验已经被证明发生过，但不止一位科学家质疑到底发生了什么。”可知，富兰克林著名的闪电实验虽让孩子们认识到了科学，但这个故事可能是假的，不是真的。故F项(然而，新的研究表明，这个故事可能是虚构的，而不是事实。)切题。] 37．A　[由上两句“那时，人们对电很感兴趣。人们想知道闪电是否真的是由电产生的。”和后面三句“他放飞了一个风筝，用一根绳子绑着它。一把金属钥匙系在绳子上。一道闪电击中了风筝，电通过绳子传导到了钥匙上。”可知，富兰克林开展了闪电实验，说明他对电很感兴趣，即他也是对电很感兴趣的人们中的一员。A项(富兰克林就是其中之一。)切题。] 38．E　[由上两句“一把金属钥匙系在绳子上。一道闪电击中了风筝，电通过绳子传导到了钥匙上。”和下一句 “他说，这证明了闪电是电的一种形式。”可推断出，富兰克林通过自己触电来证明电的存在。E项(富兰克林接着用手指碰了一下钥匙，被电击了。)切题。] 39．B　[由上两句“然而，这个故事和实验的细节都不是完全真实的。尽管富兰克林的实验已经被证明发生过，但不止一位科学家质疑到底发生了什么。”可知，此处承接上文，富兰克林的实验虽不是完全真实的，但实验发生过，由此可得出有关绳子和钥匙的细节是真的。B项(关于绳子和钥匙的细节是真的。)切题。] 40．D　[由下一句“但是在科学中，事实应该通过实验和研究来证明，我们不应该总是相信我们所读或听到的一切，即使它是一个伟大的故事。”可知，D项(诚然，虚构的事往往比事实更有趣。)切题，空处与下句是转折关系。] 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 S. E． Hinton’s career as an author began while she was still a high school student.　41　by the fights of the two gangs in her high school，Hinton wrote The Outsiders，an honest，sometimes shocking novel told from the point of　42　of a fourteen-year-old boy. The Outsiders was　43　during Hinton’s freshman year at the University of Tulsa，and was an immediate　44　. Today，with more than fourteen million　45　 in print，the book is the best-selling young adult novel of all time. The book was also made into a film in 1983. The Outsiders brought with it publicity and　46　. S. E． Hinton became known as “The Voice of the Youth”. This　47　success also brought a lot of pressure，　48　a three-year-long writer’s block (瓶颈期). Her boyfriend (now husband)　49　helped break this block by suggesting she write two pages a day before going　50　. This finally led to her second　51　， That Was Then，This Is Now. In 1988 she was awarded the first annual Margaret A．Edwards Award，given in　52　 of “an author whose book or books，over a period of time，have been accepted by　53　adults as an authentic (真实的) voice that　54　to light up their experiences and emotions，　55　inspiration to their lives.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作家S. E． Hinton的成长历程及其成就。 41．A．Delighted B．Inspired C．Moved D．Defeated B　[根据下文“by the fights of the two gangs in her high school”及“wrote The Outsiders”的逻辑关系可知，写小说的灵感受到了两个帮派的斗争的激发。故选B项。] 42．A．view B．sight C．dream D．fear A　[短语from the point of view表示“从……角度”符合句意。故选A项。] 43．A．designed B．started C．published D．rejected C　[根据下文中的“in print (仍在出版)”可知，这里指这部小说在Hinton读大一时就出版了。故选C项。] 44．A．hit B．loss C．aim D．beat A　[根据下文“the book is the best-selling young adult novel of all time”和“success”可知，这本书出版后很成功。故选A项。] 45．A．lines B．pages C．words D．copies D　[根据数量“fourteen million”及“in print”可知，这里指这本书的印刷数超过1 400万册。故选D项。] 46．A．shame B．fame C．failure D．challenge B　[根据下文“S.E．Hinton became known as ‘The Voice of the Youth’. ”可知，Hinton因这本书而出名，这本书为她带来了名气。故选B项。] 47．A．longstanding B．impossible C．overnight D．imaginary C　[Hinton在大一时便出版了小说，并成为了“年轻人的声音”可知，Hinton在短时间内取得了很大的成功。故选C项。] 48．A．resulting in B．suffering from C．giving up D．preparing for A　[根据下文“a three-year-long writer’s block”这个结果可知，result in“导致；结果是”符合句意。故选A项。] 49．A．suddenly B．usually C．originally D．eventually D　[根据下一句中的“finally”的提示可知，此处指终于打破了瓶颈。故选D项。] 50．A．anyhow B．somehow C．nowhere D．anywhere D　[根据下文“going”可知，“anywhere”符合句意。故选D项。] 51．A．fight B．novel C．film D．block B　[根据书名That Was Then，This Is Now可知，这是Hinton的第二部小说。故选B项。] 52．A．regret B．mercy C．honor D．favor C　[根据Hinton获奖及原因可知，她被赋予这样的荣誉。故选C项。] 53．A．wise B．silly C．aged D．young D　[根据上文中的“the book is the best-selling young adult novel of all time.”可知，她的作品被年轻人所接受。故选D项。] 54．A．pretends B．continues C．interrupts D．hesitates B　[根据Hinton的作品深受年轻人喜爱的语境可推知，她的作品会持续不断地照亮他们的经历和情感。故选B项。] 55．A．bringing B．breaking C．witnessing D．overlooking A　[根据下文“inspiration to their lives”可知，“bringing”符合题意。故选A项。] 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many scientists both at home and abroad have changed our lives and made a difference 56.__________ the world in many fields. When it comes to Chinese scientists，Tu Youyou is an important figure，57.__________ has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China 58.__________ (receive) a Nobel Prize for her contribution to the fight against malaria，one of the 59.________ (dead) diseases in human history. Yuan Longping is another one. He is 60.__________ agricultural scientist and educator，known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. In 2019，he 61.________ (award) the Medal of People’s Republic of China. For the overseas scientists，Stephen Hawking is an English physicist who have made significant 62.__________ (impact) in the field of general relativity. His 63.________ (majority) achievement was his prediction (预测) that black holes give out radiation. The public lecture 64.________ (deliver) by Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman argued the atomic bomb had posed threat to people and our future. 65．________ (obvious)，the scientific and technological revolutions in human history have brought about rapid progress in our world. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述以屠呦呦和史蒂芬霍金为例，讲述了科学家改变了我们的生活，影响了世界。 56．解析：　to　考查介词。根据短语“make a difference to... ”意为“对……产生影响”可知介词需使用to，故填to。 57．解析：　who　考查定语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，设空处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句。先行词为Tu Youyou，在从句中作主语指人，因此需使用关系代词who。故填who。 58．解析：　to receive　考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构分析可知，定语从句的谓语是has become，receive在从句中是非谓语作后置定语，修饰的名词为scientist，因scientist被序数词修饰，所以需使用动词不定式的主动式。故填to receive。 59．解析：　deadliest　考查形容词的最高级。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词diseases，需使用形容词“deadly”，根据句意及“in human history”可知，此处是一定范围内的最致命的疾病，需使用形容词的最高级形式。故填deadliest。 60．解析：　an　考查冠词。根据“agricultural scientist and educator”可知，此处泛指“一位农业科学家和教育家”，agricultural的发音以元音音素开头，需使用不定冠词an。故填an。 61．解析：　was awarded　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In 2019可知，动作发生在过去，需使用一般过去时。因主语he与动词award是被动关系，则需使用一般过去时的被动语态且主语为第三人数单数。故填was awarded。 62．解析：　impacts　考查名词的单复数。此处为形容词significant修饰的名词，短语一般为make an impact或者make impacts，故填impacts。 63．解析：　major　考查词性转换。此处需使用形容词major作定语来修饰名词。故填major。 64．解析：　delivered　考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构分析可知，argued为谓语，deliver为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词短语The public lecture，因lecture与deliver是被动关系，所以应使用过去分词的形式。故填delivered。 65．解析：　Obviously　考查词性转换。根据句子结构分析可知，此处为副词作状语修饰后面的句子。首字母大写，Obviously意为“显然地”。故填Obviously。 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华， 下周你的家乡将举办一场崇尚科学、纪念科学家的文化展， 你打算邀请留学生Alex参加， 请根据以下提示写一封邀请信。 1．文化展的时间：下周六、周日； 2．文化展的地点：人民广场； 3．文化展的活动。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：崇尚科学uphold science _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Dear Alex， Next Saturday and Sunday，a science-upholding exhibition will be held at the People’s Square in honor of great scientist in the world. Knowing you are interested in it，I’m writing to invite you to attend with us. This exhibition will show you some detailed knowledge of famous scientists and their achievements in our hometown. Not only can you appreciate the fantastic pictures but also you’ll be moved by the spirits of the Chinese great scientists. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Growing up，we didn’t have much money. Actually，we had very little. We lived in a small house with holes in the floor. We wore old clothes and had little food. With three little mouths to feed，my daddy worked as a gatekeeper in a middle school and then farmed our own small field until dark. Daddy provided the best he could for us and Mama made our clothes on her old sewing machine. We could have easily applied for welfare，but my parents wouldn’t think of it. Our family was full of love and proud of hard work. Then I was in the third grade，in Mrs Harper’s class. One day，Mrs Harper brought a huge box of toys to school to give to “poor” children. Everyone was invited to bring some of his or her own toys from home to put in the box. Needless to say. I had hardly any toys of my own to offer. My eyes got big the next day when I looked into that box. It was like a dream world to me—so many colourful toys! Clearly，Mrs Harper saw the curious look on my face，and although I never asked with a smile，she let me pick out two toys for myself from the box. I was so thankful and thought that I was the luckiest girl in the whole world! When I got home. I couldn’t wait to show Mama what I brought from the school. She admired the toys and asked where I got them. I told her about the box for the poor children and that Mrs Harper had let me pick two toys from the box! Mama thought for a few seconds and said in a very sweet way，“No... no. You can’t keep these two toys.” 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1： Mama explained to me that those toys were for “poor” children. __________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Mrs Harper said she understood what Mama meant. __________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Paragraph 1： Mama explained to me that those toys were for “poor” children. She took me by the hand and showed me around our house and said that we had a house to live in and that we had enough to eat. Above all，we had a family and we loved each other. We were not poor at all. But there were many children who didn’t. They were the people who really needed the toys. Eventually she asked me to take the two toys back to school and put them in Mrs Harper’s box. Paragraph 2： Mrs Harper said she understood what Mama meant. And after school，she took me and some of my classmates to the street to hand out those toys. When I saw the smiles on the faces of those homeless children，I began to understand what Mama had told me. Mama was long gone. But her words have stayed with me all the time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $