Unit 6 SectionⅢ Using language（学生版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂同步复习（外研版）

Unit 6 Space and beyond Section IⅢ Using language 要点⊙层层精析 [词汇精讲] ◆[学以致用] submit v.提交 (1)单句语法填空 (教材P67)Submit a three-minute video in- 1D Completed projects must (submit)by 10 March. troducing yourself and saying why you 2 He submitted his proposal for urban would be an ideal space candidate. development the city council. 提交一段三分钟的视频，介绍你自己，并说 3In the past,I frequently submitted my- 说为什么你会是一个理想的太空候选人。 self difficulties but now I can spare ◆[佳句感知] no effort to handle them. (2)词汇升级/佳句写作 It's high time that you submitted/should 4In spite of challenges and hardships in submit your application. my daily life,I decline to give in to them. 现在是你提交申请的时候了。 -In spite of challenges and hardships in [知识积累] my daily life,I decline to them. 5Those who are interested in the summer (1)submit sth.tosb.将某物提交给某人 camp must by submit(oneself)to屈从于… May 15. (2)submission n.提交（物）；呈递（书）； 对这次夏令营感兴趣的人必须在5月15 屈服 日前提交申请书和相关资料。 语法。探究突破 情态动词 自我探究 总结归纳 D Millions watched that first lunar landing...,aware 句子①中的could表示可能性。 of...,and of the many things that could go wrong. 2With the eyes of students across the nation upon her, 句子②中的might have inspired表 she might have inspired an entirely new generation of as- 示对过去情况的猜测。 tronauts and space scientists. 3The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us,reminding 句子③中的must表示义务、命令，意 us that we must continue to reach for the stars,no mat- 为“必须”。 ter how distant they might seem. OMay I ask if you are fond of travelling by sea? 句子④中的may表示请求。 5I promised he shall get a present for his birthday. 句子⑤中的shall表示允诺。 ·149· 英语(WY)·选择性必修第四册 [语法精析] 情态动词 用法 例句 ◆[基本用法] 情态动词 表示请求和许 情态动词表示说话人的语气和情态，如需 可(could用来 Could you please 要、可能、必须、应该等。常见的情态动词有： 表示请求时， do me a favor? can,could,may,might,must,ought to,shall, 是委婉的说 你能帮我个 should,will和would.。另外，dare,need,have 法，回答时 忙吗？ to和used to也具有情态动词的某些特性。 般用can)。 can/could 情态动词有以下特征： 用于肯定的陈 1.在形式上，情态动词没有实义动词的各种变 She can be very 述句中，表示 化，有的情态动词有过去式，其他情态动词 careless some- 理论上的可能 如must,ought to等的过去式皆与一般式 times. 性，意为“有时 同形。 她有时会很 会，（有时）可 2.在意义上，大多数情态动词有多个意义，如 粗心。 能会”。 can可以表达“能力”“可能”“许可”等。 2.may与might的用法 3.在用法上，情态动词与助动词一样，须后接 动词原形，构成谓语动词。 情态动词 用法 例句 一、情态动词的基本用法 1.can与could的用法 You may keep may和might the book for two 情态动词 用法 例句 在肯定句中表 weeks. Can you lift this 示允许，意为 这本书你可以借 表示能力，意 heavy box? “可以”。在疑 两个星期。 为“能，会”。 你能举起这个重 问句中用于征 May I go fishing 箱子吗？ 求许可，意为 with you tomor- “可以 row? Can he still be a- 吗”。 我明天可以和你 live after the se- may/ 表示推测。常 去钓鱼吗？ rious air crash? might 用于疑问句、 can/could 这次严重的飞机 否定句和感叹 She may be at 失事后他还能活 表示推测，意 句中，用来表 home today. 着吗？ 为“可能，或 示惊异、怀疑、 她今天可能 That can't be 许”。 猜测或不相信 在家。 Mary,for she is 等。 can't/ in hospital. couldn't表示 may用于祈使 May you be hap- 那不可能是玛 “不可能”。 句中，表示 py forever! 丽，因为她在 祝愿。 祝你永远快乐！ 住院。 ·150· Unit 6 Space and beyond 3.shall与should/ought to用法 4.will与would的用法 情态动词 用法 例句 情态动词 用法 例句 表示征求对方 Shall I give you the 表示请求， Would you please let 的意见或向对 book tomorrow? would比will me have a look? 方请示，用于 我明天给你这本书，可 语气委婉 请让我看一看，好吗？ 主语是第一或 以吗？ 第三人称的疑 Shall she go now? 表示习惯或倾 问句中。 她现在可以走了吗？ 向等，意为“总 Jealousy will spoil friend- 是，总会”。 表示说话人的 ship. You shall do as I will用于表示 命令、警告、许 忌妒会破坏友谊。 一般的习惯； 诺或威胁等， tell you. 你要按照我说的做。 He would come to help 用于主语是第 would用于描 shall He shall be punished. us when he was free. 二或第三人称 述过去的习惯 的陈述句中。 他会受到惩罚的。 will/ 他有空时，总来帮助 或例行的活 would 我们。 动，意为“总 用在条约、规 No person shall carry a 是，总会”。 定、法令等文 mobile phone into the 件中表示义务 will never do that examination room dur- 或规定，一般 表示意愿、意图 ing the College En- again. 用于第三人称 或决心，可用于 trance Examination. 我再也不做那样的 且用于陈述句 各种人称。wil 中，意为“应 在高考时任何人都不能 事了。 将手机带进考场。 意为“要，愿”； 该，必须”。 She asked if I would go would用于过 with them. 表示责任与义 去时中，意为 她问我是否愿意同他们 务，意为“应 We should/ought to “愿意”。 起去。 该，应当”； help the disabled. ought to语气 我们应该帮助残疾人。 5.must与have to的用法 更强。 情态动词 用法 例句 表示说话人根 She should/ought to 表示义务、命 You must finish your 据一定的情况 complete the task to- 作出推测，意 令等，意为“必 homework this after- day. 为“应该会，可 须”，更强调说 noon. should/ 能”。 她今天应该完成任务。 话人的主观态 今天下午你必须完成你 ought to 度。其否定形 的家庭作业。 should表示 惊讶、意外或 Why should you come 式为mustn't, You mustn't smoke so late today? 不应该发生的 意为“不许，禁 here. 你今天为什么来得这 must 事，意为“竟 止”；对以must 你不许在这儿吸烟。 然”。 么晚？ 开头的一般疑 -Must I tell him in If you should change 问句进行否定 advance? should在条 your mind,do let me 回答时，应用 我必须事先告诉他吗？ 件状语从句 know. 中，表示“假 don't have to/ -No,you don't have 如，万一”。 假如你改变想法，一定 needn't(不必， to/needn't. 要让我知道。 没必要)。 不，没必要。 151 英语(WY)·选择性必修第四册 情态动词 用法 例句 7.need的用法 (1)need作情态动词多用在疑问句和否定句中， 表示肯定的推 She must be very tired 也可用于肯定句中，表示“需要”，没有时态和 测，意为“一 after such a long walk. 定”。只用于 走了这么长的路，她一 人称的变化。 肯定句中。 定很累了。 If she wants anything,she need must only ask. 意为“偏偏，偏 Must you make so 如果想要什么东西，她只要开一下口就 要”，表示与说 much noise? 行了。 话人的愿望相 你偏要弄出这么多的噪 This is free service;you needn't pay 反或不耐烦。 声吗？ for it. You have to be back 这是免费服务，你不必为此付钱 表示客观需 before 10:00 because (2)对need引出的一般疑问句作肯定回答时要 要，意为“不得 the train leaves at 用must,作否定回答时要用needn't或don't have to 不，必须”，强 10:15. have to 调客现上的必 你必须在10：00之前回 Need I hand in the application now? 要性。 来，因为火车10：15 我需要现在交申请表吗？ 离开。 -Yes,you must./No,you don't have to. 6.dare的用法 No,you needn't. dare作情态动词常用于疑问句、否定句及条 是的，你必须（现在交）。/不，你不必（现在 件句中，表示“敢于，胆敢”，没有人称变化， 交)。 但有过去式。 8.used to的用法 He daren't speak English in public. used to表示“过去常常…”，没有人称和 他不敢在公共场合说英语。 数的变化，仅用于过去时中，表示过去的习 She dare not say what she thinks. 惯或过去某一时期的状况，但现在已不再这 她不敢把她的想法说出来。 样了。 They hardly dared breathe as somebody She doesn't get up early as she used to. walked past the door! 她不像以前起得那么早了。 有人在门前走过时，他们几乎不敢呼吸了！ There used to be a school here. 汇名师点津 从前这里有一所学校。 dare也可作实义动词，其用法如下： 汇名师点津了 would/used to (1)作实义动词时，有人称、时态和数的 would仅表示过去习惯性或重 变化； 复性的动作。 (2)在肯定句中，其后常接带t0的不定式； 区别1 used to表示过去经常发生的 (3)在否定句和疑问句中，既可接带to的 动作或存在的状态。 不定式，也可接不带t0的不定式； would仅表示过去的习惯性动 (4)构成否定句和疑间句时，要借助do, 作，没有与现在对比的含义。 does,did等助动词。 区别2 He dares to challenge all kinds of diffi- used to强调过去的行为同现 culties..他敢于挑战各种困难。 在的对比，含有“过去如此，现 He doesn't dare(to)go there alone. 在已不再这样了”之意。 不敢自己去那里。 152 Unit 6 Space and beyond ◆[针对训练] 2.表示“与过去事实相反” 用适当的情态动词填空（必要时用否定形式） 搭配 用法 1.In today's information age,the loss of data could have 过去本可以做某事但实际 cause serious problems for a done 上没做 company. needn't have 过去本不必做某事但实际 2.Samuel,the tallest boy in our class, done 上做了 easily reach the books on the top shelf. ought to/ 3.My room is a mess,but I clean it 过去本应该做某事但实际 should before I go out tonight.I can do it in the 上没做 have done morning. oughtn't to/ 4. you keep the children quiet?I'm 过去本不应该做某事但实 shouldn't trying to concentrate. 际上做了 have done 5.It was surprising that they,so poor them- might have 过去本可以做某事但实际 selves, bring me food. done 上没做 6.Days later,my brother called to say he was ◆[针对训练] all right,but say where he was. 单句语法填空 7.-Are you going to find a job back in your 1.I can't find my purse.I hometown? (leave)it in the supermarket yesterday, Well,I haven't decided yet.I but I'm not sure. find some other choices. 2.Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He must 8.The giant panda looks very mild.But it have (drink)too much at the party be very fierce when you annoy it. last night. 9.The players from the football club have 3.You (tell)Jim anything been doing very well recently,so they about it.It was none of his business. win the final. 4.I think he (try)to get more 10.You be Carol.You have changed a qualifications before applying for the job. bit after all these years. 5.Who knows what will happen?You 二、“情态动词十have done'”的用法 (marry)by then. 1.对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测 [综合演练] 搭配 用法 I,用适当的情态动词填空（必要时用否定形 must have (过去)一定…语气比较 式) done 肯定，用于肯定句 1.-Why didn't Alex attend the party yester- day evening? may/might (过去)可能…语气不确 -He not have wanted to see me. have done 定，用于肯定句和否定句 2.Shopping online can save much time as you can/could 用于否定句和疑问句，表示 go to a shop or walk have done 怀疑或不确定 around crowded shopping centers. ·153· 英语(WY)·选择性必修第四册 3.-Did you punish him for losing your digit- 2."Attention,please.Whoever can answer al camera? one of my questions shall -Yes,but I don't think I have done the teacher said in class.(prize) s0. 老师在班里说：“请注意，任何人只要能回 4.It be really cold in November in 答我一个问题就会得到一份奖品。” Hefei though we usually have warm and sunny days. 3.-Mum,I am feeling tired and sleepy now. 5.-Mary's score on the test is the highest in You so late last her class. night.(stay) -Really?She have studied very 妈妈，我现在觉得又累又困。 hard. 你昨晚不该熬夜到那么晚。 6.-When shall we meet your cousin at the 4.We on time,but the station? traffic jam destroyed our plan.(complete) -His plane took off 2 hours ago,and it 我们本来可以准时完成任务的，但交通堵塞 reach at 5 p.m. 7.Don't play with the dog,Jack,for it 毁了我们的计划。 be dangerous at times. 5.You the flowers,for it is go- 8.-Where is Lucy? ing to rain.(water) -I can't say where she is,but she 你本没必要浇花的，因为要下雨了。 have gone to meet her classmates,for they 6.-Apologize?For what?He is the one who want to go to Sichuan to work as volun- lied to us. teers. 9.-Has Tim started?He said he would join -Well, He is in the party. a kid after all.(lose) -He have left.He is a man of his 道歉？为什么？他才是那个向我们撒 word. 谎的人。 10.-Mum,would you please buy me an MP5 嗯，你不该发脾气，他毕竟是一个孩子。 player? 7.They started early this morning.They -If you can help do the dishes the whole at the destination.(arrive) vacation,you have one as a re- 他们今天很早出发，一定已经到达了目 ward. Ⅱ.单句写作 的地。 1.The well-dressed lady was caught stealing 8.You so much cash.(take) in the fashion shop.Strangely enough, 你本不必带这么多现金。 such a thing.(do) C温馨提西 这位穿戴得体的女士在时装店偷东西被抓 学习至此，请完成配套训练 了。太奇怪了，她居然做这种事。 ·154。要点层层精析 词汇精讲 学以致用 l.①being②to③himself④get accustomed to the new job⑤accustom myself to the new job⑥Accus tomed to climbing the steep mountain 2.①exceptional②exception③without④I was no exception 3.①witnesses②to③bore/gave witness to④The past decades has witnessed 4.①on②under③cast a shadow on④in the shadow of 5.①in place ②in place of take place③take your places take the place of took her place 5take the place of him/take his place/be in place of him 经典句式 学以致用 l.①to win②to contact③to live④to express 5I am the first student in my class to go abroad for fur- ther study I have the ability to keep the class in order 2.①what②which③Whatever④Whenever/,No mat- ter when you need help 5 However/No matter how busy I am 6Whoever breaks the law Section II Using language 要点层层精析 词汇精讲 学以致用 ①be submitted②to③to④submit to⑤submit the applications and relevant materials 语法探究突破 语法精析 针对训练 -,1.can 2.can 3.needn't 4.Can't 5.should 6.wouldn't 7.may/might 8.can 9.should 10.must 1.could have left 2.drunk 3.needn't have told 4.should have tried 5.may have married 综合演练 I.1.might 2.don't have to/needn't 3.should 4.can 5.must 6.should 7.can 8.may 9.must 10.shall II.1.she should have done 2.get/receive/have a prize 3.shouldn't have stayed up 4.might/could/would have completed the task 5.needn't have watered 6.you shouldn't have lost your temper 7.must have arrived 8.needn't have taken Section I Developing ideas Presenting ideas 课文篇章理解 I.B II.(1)exploration (2)telescope (3)unexplored Ⅲ.1-4CCDB IV.1.has been 2.to investigate 3.which 4.larger 5.was launched 6.giving 7.in 8.Currently 9.com- pleted 10.existence 新知点点突破 重点单词 1.telescope 2.angle 3.galaxy 4.subatomic 5.particle 6.straightforward 7.self-discipline 8.fetch 9.muscle 10.pepper 11.sneeze 12.disc 13.conceivably 14.invisible .29 参考答案 重点短语 1.in reality 2.the naked eye 3.be engaged in 4.be composed of...5.at the edge of...6.look back to /on 7.quest for 经典句式 l.定语is believed to be 2.宾语Occupying themselves in making popcorn 要点层层精析 词汇精讲 学以致用 l.①in②to motivate③in④to⑤are engaged in 2.①is composed②composed③consists of④is made up of 5is composed/comprised of 3.①invisible②to③is visible to the naked eyes 4.①for②in③quest for oil 5.Ostraightforwardly 2straightforwardness 3straightforward procedure Din a straightforward way 经典句式 l.①tobe②to have gone③was believed to have been ques- tioned 2.①better②faster③the more you practise,the more skillfully you can write the greater progress you will make 5more and more important 单元写作研读 要点词汇 1.lose strength 2.cause the bones to get weak 3.be bad for...4.gravity 5.look puffy 6.make new blood 7.faint 完成句子 1.begin to lose strength 2.causes the bones to get weak 3.is very bad for 4.there is no gravity moves to 句式升级 5.They do not use their legs much and their lower backs begin to lose strength,causing the bones to get weak and thin,which is very bad for astronauts'bodies. 6.In space,there being no gravity,the blood moves to the upper body and head. 连句成篇 Dear Jim, I'm writing to introduce to you how the astronauts stay healthy in space. Living in space is not the same as living on Earth.In space,astronauts float.They do not use their legs much and their lower backs begin to lose strength,causing the bones getting weak and thin,which is very bad for astro- nauts’bodies.. The heart and blood change in space,too.In space, there being no gravity,the blood moves to the upper body and head.Water in the body also does the same thing, which makes the astronauts'faces look puffy.When the as- tronauts come back to Earth,the astronauts have to rest so their bodies have time to make new blood and water.If they don't,they can feel very weak.They might even faint! Hoping you can have a knowledge of the life in space. Yours, Li Hua