Unit 2 单元语法专练 2025-2026学年沪教版 英语八年级下册

沪教8下第二单元语法专练 本套练习题涵盖不定式的主要用法：作主语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语，不定式的时态和语态（一般式、进行式、完成式，主动与被动），疑问词+不定式，不定式的否定形式，以及省略to的情况等。 一、单项选择（共15题） 1. It is important ______ the instructions carefully before using the machine. A. read B. to read C. reading D. to reading 2. She pretended ______ me when I passed by. A. not see B. not to see C. to not see D. having not seen 3. I'm glad ______ you here. I didn't expect ______ you. A. to meet; to see B. meeting; seeing C. to meet; seeing D. meeting; to see 4. The man refused ______ that he had stolen the money. A. to admit B. admit C. admitting D. to admitting 5. We have two rooms ______ tonight, but I'm not sure which one is better. A. to live B. living C. to live in D. for living 6. The teacher encouraged ______ more after class. A. us to practice B. us practicing C. we to practice D. our practicing 7. I've worked with children before, so I know what ______ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects 8. – I didn't tell him the news. – Oh, you ought ______ him. A. to tell B. telling C. to have told D. having told 9. The boy was seen ______ the street when the accident happened. A. cross B. to cross C. crossed D. to be crossing 10. ______ the project on time, the workers need to work extra hours. A. Finishing B. Finish C. Finished D. To finish 11. I have no choice but ______ his invitation. A. accept B. to accept C. accepting D. accepted 12. The problem is said ______ at the meeting next week. A. to discuss B. to be discussed C. to have discussed D. being discussed 13. The purpose of the meeting is ______ a plan for the future. A. develop B. developing C. to develop D. developed 14. He hurried to the station, only ______ the train had left. A. to find B. finding C. found D. having found 15. I would rather ______ at home than ______ out in such bad weather. A. to stay; to go B. stay; go C. staying; going D. stay; to go 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空（共10题） 1. It took us three hours ________ (get) to the top of the mountain. 2. The doctor advised him ________ (not smoke) any more. 3. I'm sorry ________ (keep) you waiting for so long. 4. The novel is said ________ (translate) into several languages already. 5. They pretended ________ (listen) carefully, but in fact they were thinking of something else. 6. I don't know whether ________ (accept) the job offer or not. 7. The teacher made us ________ (write) the composition twice. 8. She is easy ________ (get) along with. 9. We are all glad ________ (invite) to the party next week. 10. The only thing he could do was ________ (wait) for help. 三、改写句子（共5题） 1. He didn't tell anyone about his plan. It was wise of him. → It was wise of him ________ ________ ________ about his plan. 2. She was the first person who arrived at the scene. → She was the first person ________ ________ at the scene. 3. I don't know what I should do next. → I don't know ________ ________ ________ next. 4. The book is so difficult that I can't read it. → The book is too difficult ________ ________ ________. 5. He opened the door so that he could let the cat in. → He opened the door ________ ________ the cat in. 四、翻译句子（共5题） 1. 对我们来说，每天花些时间锻炼是很重要的。 _______________________________________________________ 2. 你最好早点出发，以免堵车。 _______________________________________________________ 3. 据报道，一位新的科学家将很快来我们学校演讲。 _______________________________________________________ 4. 我不记得以前见过他。 _______________________________________________________ 5. 她似乎已经完成了她的工作。 _______________________________________________________ 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. B It is + adj. + to do 是固定句型，不定式作真正主语，it是形式主语。 2. B pretend to do 假装做某事，否定形式为 pretend not to do。 3. A be glad to do 高兴做某事；expect to do 期待做某事。 4. A refuse to do 拒绝做某事。 5. C 不定式作后置定语，room 是地点名词，需加介词，to live in the room。 6. A encourage sb. to do 鼓励某人做某事。 7. B “疑问词 + 不定式”作 know 的宾语，what to expect 表示“该期待什么”。 8. C ought to have done 表示本应该做而没做。 9. D 感官动词 see 的被动结构中，不定式要带 to，且此处强调动作正在进行，用 to be crossing。 10. D 不定式作目的状语，意为“为了按时完成项目”。 11. B have no choice but to do 别无选择只能做。 12. B be said to do 据说……，主语 problem 与 discuss 是被动关系，且时间是 next week，用 to be discussed。 13. C The purpose is to do 目的是做……，不定式作表语。 14. A only to do 作结果状语，表示意想不到的结果。 15. B would rather do than do 宁愿做……而不愿做……，than 后也接省略 to 的不定式。 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. to get It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事。 2. not to smoke advise sb. (not) to do 建议某人（不要）做某事。 3. to have kept be sorry to have done 对已经发生的事感到抱歉，强调动作先于sorry。 4. to have been translated be said to have done 据说已经做了，且 novel 与 translate 是被动关系，用 to have been translated。 5. to be listening pretend to be doing 假装正在做某事。 6. to accept “whether + to do” 作 know 的宾语。 7. write make sb. do 使某人做，省略 to。 8. to get be easy to do 易于做，用主动形式表示被动意义。 9. to be invited be glad to do，且 invite 与 we 是被动关系，下周被邀请，用 to be invited。 10. wait do nothing but / all he could do was + (to) do，不定式可省略 to。 三、改写句子 1. not to tell anyone It is/was + adj. + of sb. + to do 结构，原句 wise of him 后接不定式，否定用 not to tell。 2. to arrive 不定式作定语修饰 person，相当于定语从句 who arrived。 3. what to do “疑问词 + 不定式” 替换宾语从句。 4. for me to read too + adj. + for sb. + to do 结构。 5. to let 不定式作目的状语，相当于 in order to let。 四、翻译句子 1. It's important for us to spend some time exercising every day. 考查 It's + adj. + for sb. to do 结构，注意 spend time (in) doing。 2. You'd better set out early to avoid the traffic jam. had better do；不定式作目的状语。 3. It is reported that a new scientist will come to give a speech in our school soon. 或用 sb. is reported to come...，但原句用形式主语 It 更常见。 4. I don't remember seeing him before. 注意 remember doing 表示记得做过，remember to do 表示记得要做。 5. She seems to have finished her work. seem to have done 表示似乎已经做了。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $