Unit 5 SectionⅠ Starting out&Understanding ideas(Ⅰ)（教师版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册五维课堂同步复习（外研版）

世五维课堂 英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册 Unit 5 Learning from i nature 主题：（人与自然)珍爱自然，保护环境 单元。新知预览 对应学生用书P84 [重难预知] architect; mimic; superb; dioxide; convert; frontier; pond; SOW; wisdom; employ; bat; physician;bow; 核心 rural; decent; cottage; deliberately; withdraw; domestic; 单词 depressive; reluctant; depart; purity; resign; botanical; reject; ease; attain; evaluate take...for granted;seek solutions to;take inspiration from;convert...into;respond to;reaction 核心 to;withdraw from;at ease with;in return for;too...to;resign oneself to;in harmony with;vary 短语 from...to;devote oneself to 1.so..that引导结果状语从句 重点 2.强调句型 句型 3.while引导让步状语从句 4.现在分词作状语 单元 Review:non-finite forms as subject,object and predicative(非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语) 语法 写作 Writing about a lesson from nature(写一篇从自然规律中得到教训的短文) 任务 [读图搽新] 1.Do you like these designs?How are they de- Look at the following pictures and answer the follow- signed? ing questions. Yes.Architects take inspiration from nature and design these buildings. 2.Since nature can give us inspiration,how should we get along with it? We should love nature,cherish nature,protect D nature and live in harmony with nature. ·158· Unit 5 Learning from nature 五维课堂坐 Section I Starting out Understanding ideas(I) 课文。助读翻译 对应学生用书P85 注解助读 原文呈现 参考译文 建筑中的自然美 ①be used to习惯于 Nature in Architecture 1.树，植物和鲜花 都在我们身边，每天我 ②take.. for granted认 1.Trees,plants and flowers are all around us and we enjoy their beauty every day.In fact,we are so used toD 们都欣赏它们的美。 为…理所当然 them that we may even take them for granted2 without 事实上，我们已经习惯 了它们，甚至可能认为 ③pine cone松果，松球 realising how much inspiration they have given us.(1)When 它们是理所当然的，没 we look at a pine cone3,we might think how much it 有意识到它们给了我 ④look like the tiles看起来 looks like the tiles1 on a roof.(2)An open flower 们多少灵感。当我们 像瓦片 might make us think how closely it resembles an um- 看到一个松果，我们可 brella⑤(3).It is natural to think in this way⑥，but of 能会认为它看起来多 ⑤resemble an umbrella course it wasn't the umbrella that inspired the flower 么像屋顶上的瓦片 or the roof that inspired the pine cone.(4) 一朵开着的花可能会 像一把伞 让我们觉得它和雨伞 (1)句中so..that..引导结果状语从句，其中how引 ⑥in this way这样；用这种方 是多么的相似。以这 导宾语从句。 种方式思考是很自然 法 (2)句中when引导时间状语从句，how引导宾语 的，但当然不是雨伞启 从句。 发了花朵，也不是屋顶 ⑦fascinating designs (3)how引导宾语从句。 启发了松果。 迷人的设计 (4)句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，It wasn't. 2.大自然启发了 我们周围许多最迷人 ⑧in architecture在建筑中 that..为强调句型。 的设计，包括建筑设 2.Nature has inspired many of the most fascinat- 计。从巴塞罗那的森 ⑨Water Cube水立方 ing designsD around us,including those in architecture8. 林般的神圣家族大教 (0in various architectural de- From Barcelona's forest-like Sagrada Familia to the 堂到北京水立方的现 modern style of Beijing's Water Cube,nature is pres- 代风格，大自然在各种 signs在各种建筑设计中 ented in various architectural designs1.Today,archi- 建筑设计中都得到体 现。今天，建筑师继续 ①architect n.建筑师 tects continue to 2 explore ways to capture the beau- 探索如何捕捉自然形 ty of natural forms,to mimic3 the way nature works(5)or ②continue to do..继续做 态之美，模仿自然的运 even to make natural organisms 14 part of a building(6). 行方式，甚至使天然有 某事 (5)定语从句，先行词为way,省略关系词that。 机物成为建筑的一 部分 ③mimic v.模仿 (6)make复合结构，宾补为part of a building。 ArtScience Museum,Singapore 新加坡滨海湾金 ④natural organisms天然有 3.People whose interest is exploring the relation- 沙艺术科学博物馆 3.对探索艺术与 机物 ship between art and science5(7)will enjoy Singapore's 科学之间的关系感兴 ArtScience Museum.The building was designed to趣的人可以欣赏新加 ⑤between art and science艺 show the connection between nature and the modern 坡的金沙艺术科学 术与科学之间 city environment in which it sits(8).Shaped to resem- 物馆。该建筑物旨在 ble a lotus flower,it appears to float above the water 展示自然和建筑物所 ⑥a lotus flower一朵莲花 在的现代城市环境之 front promenade7 and the water that surrounds it(9). 7waterfront promenade Its roof collects rainwater and channels it 35 metres 间的联系。它的形状 像一朵莲花，漂浮在海 down to a waterfall in the centre of the space.The wa- 海滨步行道 滨步行道和周围的水 ter is then recycled through the building's plumbing 面上。它的屋顶收集 18 the building's plumbing system 18.Visitors are often amazed to find themselves 雨水，并让其垂直流到 system建筑的管道系统 in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of 空间中心，形成35米 natural forms⑨(10). 高的瀑布。然后，水通 (7)whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。. 过建筑的管道系统循 9capture the beauty of nat- 环使用。游客常常惊 ural forms捕捉自然形态 (8)in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词environment。. 奇地发现，他们置身于 (9)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词water。 一座城市建筑中，却非 的美 (10)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词building。 常真实地捕捉到了自 然形态的美。 ·159· 世五维课堂 英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册 20a superb example of bio- 哈拉雷，东门中心 The Eastgate Centre,Harare 4.哈拉雷的东门 mimicry仿生学极好的典范 4.Harare's Eastgate Centre is a superb example of中心是仿生学极好的 ①(be)based on基于 biomimicry2.To use biomimicry is to create struc- 典范。利用生物摸拟技 tures based on natural forms and processes.Zimb- 术是在自然形态和进程 ②a nature documentary自然 的基础上创造结构。津 纪录片 abwean architect Mick Pearce was inspired to create 巴布韦建筑师米克·皮 ⑧termite n.白蚁 the Centre while watching a nature documentary in 尔斯在观看一部白蚁 which termites were constructing their nests(11). 筑巢的自然纪录片时 ④move freely in and out自 The insects built mounds covered in little holes de- 受到启发，并创造了这 由进出 个建筑。这些白蚁在 signed to allow air to move freely in and out of the 土丘上留有小洞，让空 ⑤in a similar way按同样的 mounds.In a similar way⑤，the Eastgate Centre has a气自由进出。同样地， 方式；同样地 “skin”covered in holes..During the day(④，warm air is东门中心的“皮肤”上 也布满了洞。白天，温 during the day白天 drawn into@the building through the holes,cooling as 暖的空气通过这些洞 ⑦be drawn into被吸进 it reaches the middle of the building(12).At night,the 被吸进建筑物，当它到 heat absorbed by the wall during the day warms the达建筑物中间时就会 traditional air conditioning cool air,creating a comfortable temperature inside.The冷却。晚上，白天墙壁 and heating systems design reduces the need for traditional air conditioning 吸收的热量会使室内 传统空调和供暖系统 and heating systems,so the building uses less energy 的冷空气变暖，创造舒 适的温度。该设计减 四cost less to run使用成本and costs less to run②四. 少了对传统空调和供 更低 (11)while watching...作时间状语，in which引导定 暖系统的需求，因此这 语从句，修饰先行词documentary, 座建筑消耗较少的能 algae-powered building (12)as引导时间状语从句。 源，使用成本较低。 类提供电的建筑 汉堡，藻类之家 The Algae House,Hamburg 5.世界上第一座 ①be covered in panels覆盖 5.The world's first algae-powered building@isin以藻类提供电的建筑 着面板 Hamburg,Germany.The surface of the apartment 位于德国汉堡。公寓 楼的表面覆盖着含有 ②be fed with用…喂养 building is covered in panels that contain algae(13). 藻类的面板。藻类以 ③carbon dioxide二氧化碳 The algae are fed with liquid nutrients and carbon 液态营养和二氧化碳 dioxide③to encourage them to grow.In bright sun-为养料，以促进它们的 ④convert...into将…转 shine,they grow faster and provide shade..The panels生长。在明亮的阳光 化为 also capture heat from the sun and convert it into en- 下，它们长得更快，提 ⑤be used to do..被用于做ergy that powers the building(14).And that's not all-一the 供阴凉。太阳能面板 还能从太阳中获取热 某事 algae inside the panels can be harvested and used to量，并将其转化为提供 的respond to对…做出 produce fuel..The building therefore not only responds给建筑物的能量。这 反应 to its environment and uses less energy,but also re- 还不是全部一一电池 duces damage to 37 the environment by generating its 板内的藻类可以被收 ⑦reduce damage to减少 集并用于生产燃料。 own renewable energy. 因此，该建筑不仅能对 对…的破坏 (13)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词panels。 环境作出反应，减少能 generate its own renew- (14)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词energy。 源消耗，而且还能通过 able energy生产自己的可再 6.Creating buildings such as3 these enables us to 生产自己的可再生能 源来减少对环境的 生能源 live in closer harmony with our environment.To meet 破坏。 the needs41 of today while protecting the world of to- 四such as像；例如 6.建造诸如此类 morrow may be a challenge,but even the simplest or- 的建筑能使我们在与 40 live in closer harmony with ganisms can help teach us how to achieve this.(15) 环境更和谐的状况中 our environment与环境更和皆 (15)句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，第一个分 生活。在保护明天的 世界的同时满足今天 地生活 句中不定式短语To meet the needs of today为主语，的需要可能是一个挑 @meet the needs满足需要 while protecting the world of tomorrow为时间状语。 战，但即使是最简单的 生物体也可以帮助我 们实现这一点。 ·160· Unit 5 Learning from nature 五维课堂 课文。篇章理解 对应学生用书P87 I.Reading for main ideas 2.What can you enjoy in ArtScience Museum? 1.Para.1 A.Designs inspired by nature. A.The way nature works. 2.Para.2 B.ArtScience Museum of Singapore. B.The relationship between art and science. 3.Para.3 C.Inspiration given by nature. C.A lotus flower floating above water. 4.Para.4 D.The Algae House of Hamburg. D.The building's plumbing system. 5.Para.5 E.Creating more buildings like these. 3.What makes the Eastgate Centre use less energy? 6.Para.6 F.The Eastgate Center of Harare. A.Termites constructing their nests. 答案：1-6 CABFDE B.Mounds covered in little holes. I.Reading for structure C.Traditional air conditioning systems. D.Its surface covered in holes. Nature in Architecture 4.Why can the Algae House cost less to run? It's designed to show the 1.con- A.Because it is in Hamburg of Germany. nection between nature and the B.Because it is powered by the algae. modern city environment. ArtScience C.Because the algae are fed with liquid nutrients. It's shaped to 2.resemble a lotus Museum, D.Because the algae captures heat from the sun. flower. Singapore 答案：1-4ABDB Its roof collects rainwater and V.Post-reading 3.channels it 35 metres down to a Nature has inspired many fascinating designs waterfall. 1.in architecture.Singapore's ArtScience Museum, Zimbabwean architect Mick 2.shaped(shape)to resemble a lotus flower,was de- Pearce 4.was inspired to create it signed to show the connection between nature and The Eastgate while watching termites 5.construc- the modern city environment.Visitors are often Centre, ting their nests. amazed to find 3.themselves(they)in an urban build- Harare ◆It has a“skin”covered in6.holes. ing that so truly captures the beauty of natural It uses 7.less energy and costs forms.Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce 4.was in- less to run. spired(inspire)to create Harare's Eastgate Centre while 5.watching(watch)termites constructing their Its 8.surface is covered in panels nests.The design reduces the need for 6.traditional that contain algae. The Algae (tradition)air conditioning and heating systems,so The panels capture heat from the House, the building uses less energy and costs less to run. sun and 9.convert it into energy. Hamburg The 7.world's(world)first algae-powered building is It can generate its own 10.renew- in Hamburg,Germany.Its surface is covered in pan- able energy. els 8.that/which contain algae.The building there- I.Reading for the details fore not only uses less energy,9.but also reduces 1.What has given us a lot of architecture inspira- damage to the environment by generating its own re- tion? newable energy.Creating such 10.buildings(build- A.Nature. B.Tiles. ing)enables us to live in closer harmony with our en- C.Umbrellas. D.Organisms. vironment. ·161· 世五维课堂 英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册 课后。素养提升 对应学生课时P54 ● I.阅读理解 2.What's the shortcoming of traditional robots? A A.They're hard to control. Traditionally,robots have been hard,made of B.They can't behave well all the time. metal and other rigid materials.But a team of scien- C.They can't predict conditions. tists at Harvard University in the US has managed D.They're too heavy to move. 3.What is one of the biggest challenges? to build an entirely soft robot-one that draws in- A.To build Octobot's silicone body. spiration from an octopus(章鱼). B.To build Octobot's complex structure. Described in science journal Nature,the"Octo- C.To build Octobot's precise movements. bot"could pave the way for more effective autono- D.To build Octobot's flexible power source. mous robots that could be used in search,rescue and 4.What's the possible application of"Octobot"? exploration."The Octobot is minimal system which A.Medical research. may serve as a foundation for a new generation of B.Life rescue. completely soft,autonomous robots",the study's C.Machine operation. authors wrote. D.House cleaning. Robots built for precise,repetitive movements [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了 in a controlled environment don't do so well on 传统上，机器人很硬，由金属和其他刚性材料制成。 但美国哈佛大学的一个科学家团队已经成功制造出 rough terrains (or in unpredictable condi- 了一个完全柔软的机器人，它的灵感来自于章鱼。 tions.And they aren't especially safe around hu- l1.C[细节理解题。根据第一段“Traditionally,ro mans,because they're made out of hard and heavy bots have been hard,made of metal and other rig- parts that could be potentially dangerous to their us- id materials.But a team of scientists at Harvard ers. University in the US has managed to build an en- So researchers have been working on building tirely soft robot-one that draws inspiration soft robots for decades.They've taken inspiration from an octopus(章鱼).”（传统上，机器人很硬，由 from nature,looking to animals from jellyfish to 金属和其他刚性材料制成。但美国哈佛大学的一 cockroaches,which are often made up of more flexi- 个科学家团队已经成功制造出了一个完全柔软的 ble matter. 机器人，它的灵感来自于章鱼)可知，“章鱼机器人” 的特别之处在于它很柔软。故选C。] But creating a completely soft robot remains a 2.B[细节理解题。根据第三段“And they aren't challenge.Even if engineers build a silicone ( especially safe around humans,because they're body,it's still a grand challenge to construct flexible made out of hard and heavy parts that could be versions of essential parts,such as a source of power. potentially dangerous to their users..”(而且它们在 "Although soft robotics is still in its early 人类身边并不特别安全，因为它们是由坚硬而沉重 stage,it holds great promise for several applica- 的部件制成的，可能对使用者有潜在的危险)可知， tions,such as search-rescue operations and explora- 传统机器人的缺，点是它们不能一直表现得很好。 tion,"Barbara Mazzolai and Virgilio Mattoli of the 故选B。] Italian Institute of Technology Center for Micro- 3.D[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But creating a BioRobotics,wrote in a comment."Soft robots completely soft robot remains a challenge.Even if engineers build a silicone (body,it's still a might also open up new approaches to improving grand challenge to construct flexible versions of wellness and quality of life. essential parts,such as a source of power..”(但是 l.What's the special feature of“Octobot'”? 创造一个完全柔软的机器人仍然是一个挑战。即 A.It's very small. 使工程师们制造出了一个硅胶机身，但要制造出如 B.It's made of metal. 电源等关键部件的柔性版本仍然是一个巨大的挑 C.It's soft. 战)可知，最大的挑战之一是建造Octobot机器人 D.It looks like an octopus. 的柔性电源。故选D。] ·162· Unit 5 Learning from nature 五维课堂兰 4.B[推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Although soft Researchers at North Carolina State University robotics is still in its early stage,it holds great are also studying ants.They examined how Indian promise for several applications,such as search- jumping ants choose the leader of the colony when rescue operations and exploration,'Barbara they lose their top female or queen. Mazzolai and Virgilio Mattoli of the Italian Insti- 5.The author takes fire ants as an example to tell us tute of Technology Center for Micro-BioRobotics, wrote in a comment.'Soft robots might also open A.how ants survive up new approaches to improving wellness and B.how ants seek food quality of life..,”(意大利微型生物机器人技术中 C.how ants communicate 心的Barbara Mazzolai和Virgilio Mattoli在评论 D.how ants live together 中写道：“尽管软机器人技术仍处于早期阶段，但它 6.What can we know from what David Hu said in 在搜救行动和探索等方面有着巨大的应用前景。” Paragraph 4? “软机器人还可能为改善健康和生活质量开辟新途 A.Ants know the way to keep in touch in the river. B.Ants know the way to join together closely. 径。”)可推知，软体机器人可能应用于救援等方面。 C.Ants know the way to look for each other. 故选B。] D.Ants know the way to build a large raft. 7.Why did the larger ants serve in central positions Scientists have always been interested in the in their ant rafts? high level of organization in ant societies.American A.To stress their importance. researchers have watched ants build life-saving rafts B.To help all the ants float. to keep afloat during floods.They also have recor- C.To fight against the enemies. ded how ants choose their next queen-the female D.To defend their top female. whose job is to produce eggs. 8.What ideas do the ants give us according to the New technology is helping to improve researchers' passage? understanding of the insects.But there is still a lot to A.We can use similar-shaped machines in flooding be learned. areas. Fire ants living in Brazilian forests are perfectly B.We can combine small robots or materials into at home in an environment where flooding is com- larger ones. mon.To save themselves,the insects connect their C.Small and shape-changeable things might work legs together and create floating rafts.Some ant just like ants do. rafts can be up to 20 centimeters wide. D.Small robots or materials in the shape of ants David Hu is an engineer with the Georgia Insti- can be made. tute of Technology,also known as Georgia Tech, [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。蚂蚁是一种 saying,"If you have 100 ants,which means 600 强大的生物，有高效的求生技能。科学家对巴西的火 legs,99 percent of those legs will be connected to a 蚂蚁进行了研究，发现它们可以结成筏子在洪水里自 救，并研究了它们的自救原理。 neighbor.So they're very,very good at keeping this 5.A[细节理解题。根据第三段后两句“To save network.” themselves,the insects connect their legs together David Hu and other Georgia Tech researchers and create floating rafts.Some ant rafts can be up wanted to study ants and the secret of their engi- to20 centimeters wide.”可知，作者列举巴西的火 neering.They froze ant rafts and then looked at 蚂蚁是为了告诉我们火蚂蚁在洪水里会结成筏子 them with the help of computed technology,or CT 自救。故A项正确。] images.The pictures showed that larger ants serve 6.B[推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“If you in central positions to which smaller ants hold.The have 100 ants,which means 600 legs,99 percent larger ants create pockets of air that keep the insects of those legs will be connected to a neighbor.So afloat. they're very,very good at keeping this network. Scientists say small robots or materials that can 解释了蚂蚁可以把自己的腿连接在一起形成一个 change shape could be programmed in a similar way, 网。这是蚂蚁在洪水里自救的方法，说明它们了解 working towards a shared goal. 这样的方法。故B项正确。] ·163· 世五维课堂 英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册 7.B[细节理解题。根据第五段最后两句“The pic- A.Every plant grown in space must have several uses. tures showed that larger ants serve in central posi- B.However,there are challenges with growing plants in tions to which smaller ants hold.The larger ants space. create pockets of air that keep the insects afloat." C.Such methods may result in improvements back 可知在蚂蚁组成的网里，最大的蚂蚁们在网的最中 here on Earth. 间，形成一个气泡产生浮力，让所有的蚂蚁都能漂 浮起来。故B项正确。] D.The cost of taking anything into space is about 8.C[推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Scien- 22,000 per kilogram. tists say small robots or materials that can change E.Specialized containers are being developed to help shape could be programmed in a similar way, the plants grow correctly. working towards a shared goal.”可知，蚂蚁的行为 F.Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and 给科学家启示，可以用蚂蚁自救类似的方法把一些 vegetables to their diet of dry foods. 微型机器人或其他一些改变形状的材料组合在一 G.Currently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks and 起，一起去完成一个共同的目标。故C项正确。] then caught again so it can be reused. Ⅱ.阅读七选五 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的 Gardening 380 Kilometers above Earth 是：园艺在离地球380公里的高空。宇航员必须经过 Astronauts have to go through physical,psycho- 身体、心理和技术的训练。他们还接受了如何照料植 logical,and technical training.They also go through training in how to care for plants.These"astronaut gar- 物的培训。这些“宇航员园丁”与植物分享他们的工 deners"share their work and living space with 作和生活空间。 plants. 1.D[下文提示“正因为如此，把长途旅行所需要的 Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isn't a 东西都送出去，只用一次就扔掉是不现实的。”承接 new idea.As space trips become longer,it will be 下文，D项The cost of taking anything into space necessary to grow food in space.1 Because is about$22,000 per kilogram.(将任何物体送入 of this,it's not practical to send everything needed 太空的成本约为每公斤22,000美元。)切题。下文 for a long journey,only to be used once and thrown 中的this指代该项中的The cost,故选D。] away. 2.F[上文提示“他们可以提供更多新鲜的东西。”再 Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things.2 Al- 根据下文提示“此外，植物可以帮助改善空气质量， so,plants can help to make air quality better be- 因为它们可以产生氧气。”承接上下文，F项Astro- cause they produce oxygen.They can improve the nauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vege- quality of the air inside the spacecraft-the only air tables to their diet of dry foods.(字航员将欢迎在 the astronauts can breathe. 他们的千粮中加入水果和蔬菜。)切题。故选F。] 3 Due to the lack of gravity in space, 3.B[下文提示“由于太空中缺乏重力，植物产生的 the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the 氧气停留在植物周围。”承接下文，B项However, plants.This can actually kill them,so fans are nee- there are challenges with growing plants in space. ded to circulate the air.Without gravity,roots don't (然而，在太空种植植物也面临着挑战。)切题。故 “know”to grow down,leaves don't“know”to grow 选B。] up,and water doesn't easily travel up the roots to the leaves.4 Besides,soil is too heavy to 4.E[上文提示“没有重力，根就不‘知道？该往下长， send to space,and special liquid gels (are used 叶子就不‘知道’该往上长，水也不容易从根往上注 to help plant growth. 入到叶子上。”再根据下文提示“此外，土壤太重，不 Scientists are also working on the plants them- 能送到太空，特殊的液体凝胶被用来帮助植物生 selves.They are trying to make plants grow more 长。”承接上下文，E项Specialized containers are rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, being developed to help the plants grow correctly. and they are looking for ways to make plants more (目前正在开发专门的容器来帮助植物正确生长。) resistant to disease.5 Imagine that deserts 切题。故选E。] may one day provide lots of fresh food for local peo- 5C[上文提示“他们试图使植物生长得更快，在空 ple,saving transportation costs.Similarly,plants 中以更少的水和光生长，他们正在寻找方法使植物 that are resistant to disease could provide an impor- tant food supply.With the world's population now 更能抵抗疾病，”承接上文，C项Such methods may at seven billion (+people,our astronaut gar- result in improvements back here on Earth.(这些 deners may help discover ways to feed those bil- 方法可能会改善地球。)切题。该项中的methods lions. 与上文中的ways相吻合。故选C,] ·164·