Unit 3 SectionⅠ Starting out&Understanding ideas(Ⅰ)（教师版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册五维课堂同步复习（外研版）

世五维课堂 英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 War and peace 主题：（人与社会）反对战争，渴望和平与发展 单元。新知预览 对应学生用书P43 [重难预知] violent; landing; troop; tide; supreme; commander; objective; coastline; violence; horror; drown; tank; 核心 recall; barely; liberate; memorial; outstanding; uniform; 单词 friction; weapon; stability; academic; bomb; rough; emerge; breeze; representative; sum; grain; relevant be made up of;have confidence in;nothing less than;prepare for;make it;get across;as well as; 核心 put down;make sure;play a role in;refer to...as;due to;hold down;at war;a great many;serve 短语 as;not only...but also;break through;track down;turn into;fight against 1.with复合结构 重点 2.过去分词作状语 句型 3.独立主格结构 4.not only...but also并列结构 单元 Subject-verb agreement(I)[主谓一致(I)] 语法 写作 Writing about a war hero(介绍一位战斗英雄) 任务 [读图採新] 1.What is your opinion about the war? Look at the following pictures and answer the follow- War is cruel,it causes great destruction to the ing questions. country,society and people's life of the warring parties,and seriously hinders the economic devel- opment and social stability of the victimized coun- tries. B 2.How do you think war can be avoided? Only when all countries live in peace and friend- ship can war be avoided. ·78· Unit 3 War and peace 五维课堂乡 Section I Starting out Understanding ideas(I) 课文。助读翻译 对应学生用书P44 注解助读 原文呈现 参考译文 TheD-DAY LANDINGS① 诺曼底登陆 ①landing n.着陆；降落 1.到1944年春， 1,By spring 1944,the Second World War had第二次世界大战已经 ②across the globe在全球 been raging across the globe2 for about five years.But 在全球肆虐了大约五 ③allied troops盟军 along the south coast of England,something unusual 年。但在英格兰南部 海岸，一件不同寻常的 was happening:Allied troops3 made up mainly ofD ④(be)made up mainly of主 事情正在发生：主要由 British,Canadian and American soldiers were gather- 英国、加拿大和美国士 要由…组成 ing in large numbers5.This marked one of the final 兵组成的盟军部队正 在大规模集结。这标 ⑤in large numbers大规模 stages of a top-secret operation that had been months, perhaps years,in the planning(1).Code-named6"Op- 志着一项绝密行动的 最后几个阶段之一的 ⑥code-name u.代号为 eration Overlord",it was the largest combined sea,air 到来，这项行动已经筹 and land operation in historyD,the aim being to free 划了数月，甚至数年 ⑦in history历史上 north-west Europe from8 German occupation(2).Af- 代号为“霸王计划”，这 ⑧free..from使 摆 是历史上规模最大的 ter waiting for the perfect combination of weather, 海陆空联合行动，目的 脱… moon and tides9,the date for the start of Operation 是要将西北欧从德国 Overlord was set for(0 6 June. 占领下解放出来。在 ⑨tide n.潮汐 (l)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词operation。 等待了天气、月亮和潮 汐的完美组合之后，霸 ⑩be set for(日期)定在 (2)“n.十doing...”构成独立主格结构。 王计划的开始日期定 2.An order issued by Supreme Allied Commander①(3)在了6月6日。 ①Supreme Allied Commander盟 General Eisenhower to the troops read:"Your task 2.盟军最高司令 军最高司令官 官艾森豪威尔将军向 will not be an easy one.Your enemy is well trained, 部队下达命令：“你们 ②battle-hardened adj..久经 well equipped and battle-hardened(②..But this is the的任务不容易。你们 year 1944..The tide has turned！The free men of the的敌人训练有素，装备 沙场的 world are marching together to Victory!I have full 精良，久经沙场…但 现在是1944年…形 ③march to向…进军 confidence in 14 your courage,devotion to duty and 势已经逆转！全世界的 skill in battle.We will accept nothing less than 15 full 自由人正在一起向胜 1have full confidence in Victory!” 利进军！我对你们的勇 气、忠于职守和战斗技 对…充满信心 (3)过去分词短语作名词order的后置定语。 能充满信心。我们必 3.With these words ringing in their ears,Allied 须取得彻底的胜利！” ⑤nothing less than完全是 soldiers prepared for what would become known as 3.这些话在他们 ⑥prepare for为…做准备 D-Day.(4)At dawn on 6 June,thousands landed by 的耳畔回响，盟军士兵 parachute8 behind enemy lines in northern France. 为后来著名的诺曼底 ⑦at dawn拂晓 登陆日做好了准备。6 Meanwhile,thousands more were journeying across 月6日拂晓，数千名士 ⑧by parachute乘降落伞 the English Channel to Normandy,protected by fighter 兵乘降落伞在法国北 ⑨objective n.目的，目标 planes in the skies above them.Their objective(9 was 部敌后着陆。与此同 时，数千名士兵在战斗 clear:to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 机的保护下，横渡英吉 ④coastline n.海岸线 kilometres of French coastline 20.But even in the 利海峡前往诺曼底。 ④be prepared for为…做 depths of war,few could have been prepared for@the他们的目标很明确：沿 violence and horror2 they would experience there(5). 着法国大约80公里的 好了准备 海岸线到达诺曼底海 (4)句中With..their ears为with复合结构，what. 滩。但是，即使在战争 ②violence and horror暴力和 D-Day为宾语从句。 最惨烈的时候，也很少 (5)省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词violence 有人对他们在那里将 恐怖 and horror。 要经历的暴力和恐怖 做好了准备。 ·79· 世五维课堂 英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册 ③drown v.淹死 4.最激烈的战斗 4.The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach.The 发生在奥马哈海滩】 4 make it成功，达到 enemy were hiding,ready to attack the Allied soldiers 敌人躲藏起来了，甚至 even before they reached land(6).Boats were hit and 在盟军登陆之前就准 ⑤gunfire n.炮火 men drowned☒，while those who did make it④to the 备好攻击他们。船被 击中，人淹死了，而那 ⑩amongst the tanks在坦克 beach faced heavy machine gunfire (7).By mid- morning,hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst 些确实成功到达海滩 之间 the tanks on the beach.One soldier recalled how he 的士兵则面临着重型 barely8 made it with bombs falling all around him(8):"I 机关枪的打击。到上 ②⑦recall v.回想，回忆起 was the first one out.The seventh man was the next 午10点左右，数百人 ⑧barely adv.勉强才能 one to get across29 the beach without being hit.All the 死在水里和海滩上的 ones in between30 were hit.Two were killed;three were 坦克之间。 一 名士兵 四get across横过（马路、河 回忆说，当时他身边到 injured.That's how lucky you had to be(9). 处都是落下来的炸弹， 等) (6)before引导时间状语从可。 他差点丧命：“我是第 (7)while为并列连词，表示对比，who引导定语从句， 一个冲出来的。第七 ①in between在中间 修饰先行词those。 个人是第二个穿过海 (8)how引导宾语从句。 滩而没有被击中的人。 ①be seen widely as被广泛 (9)how引导表语从句。 中间的都被击中了 视为 5.But,despite the high cost in human life,theD-两人被打死；三人受 Day landings were a success and were seen widely as 伤。当时活下来就得 ②by the end of到…为止 the beginning of the end of the Second World War.By 靠侥幸。” ③liberate v.解放（城市、国家 the end of August 1944,the Allies had reached the 5.但是，尽管生命 River Seine,Paris was liberated and the Germans 代价高昂，诺曼底登陆 等) had been removed from north-west France.The Al- 还是成功的，并被广泛 lied forces then prepared to enter Germany,where 视为第二次世界大战 ④remove...from从…中 结束的前兆。1944年 they would meet up with the Soviet military moving 8月底，盟军到达塞纳 移走或除掉 in from the east(10). 河，巴黎获得解放，德 (IO)where引亭非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Ger- 国人被从法国西北部 ⑤prepare to do..准备做 many 赶走。盟军随后准备 某事 6.Seventy years later(⑦，men who had fought on 进入德国，在那里他们 D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel, 将与来自东部的苏联 团meet up with与…会合 where people were coming together for memorial cere- 军队会合。 monies8.(11)As part of this solemn and moving occa- 6.70年后，在诺曼 ⑦seventy years later70年后 sion39,a former soldier read out to 0 the crowd these 底登陆日作战的士兵 聚集在英吉利海峡两 ⑧memorial ceremonies纪念 lines from the poem For the Fallen,by Laurence Bin- 岸，人们聚集在一起举 yon: 仪式 They shall grow not old,as we that are left grow 行纪念仪式。作为这 一庄严感人的仪式的 9 this solemn and moving old(12): 部分，一名退伍军人 Age shall not weary 4 them,nor the years con- 向人群大声朗诵了劳 occasion这一庄严感人的demn④@. 伦斯·比尼恩的《致阵 仪式 At the going down of the sun and in the morning 亡者》中的这几行 We will remember them. 诗句： ⑩read out to向…大声 (11)句中who had fought on D-Day为定语从句，修饰 他们永远不会老 先行词men,where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行 朽，不像我们留下来的 朗诵 词the English Channel。 日渐衰老： ①weary u.使疲倦 (12)as引导方式状语从句。 他们永远不为耄 7.Survivors of the D-Day landings continue to 13 耋所难，永远不为残年 @condemn v.迫使（陷于不meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they 所累。 lost that day(13).Although each year they are fewer 每当太阳落下，每 幸的境地) in number,their outstanding acts of courage 44 mean 当清晨来临，我们就会 想起他们。 ⑧continue to do..继续做 that we will always remember them-as well as 45 7.诺曼底登陆的 those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern 幸存者继续聚会，纪念 某事 France.(14) 他们在那天失去的战 1outstanding acts of cour- (l3)省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词soldiers 友和朋友。尽管他们 and friends。 的人数每年都在减少， age杰出的勇敢行为 (14)句中although引导让步状语从句，that引导宾语 但他们杰出的勇敢行 从句，who...northern France为定语从句，修饰先行 为意味着我们将永远 ⑤as well as不仅…而 词those。 记住他们一以及那 些在法国北部海滩上 且… 牺牲的人。 80· Unit 3 War and peace 五维课堂 课文。篇章理解 对应学生用书P46 I.Reading for main idea C.To liberate north-west Europe. D.To combine weather with sea. A.The beginning of the operation. 1.Para.1 2.What did the Allied troops do on the early morn- B.The fiercest fighting at the beach. 2.Para.2 ing of 6 June? 3.Para.3 C.The preparations for the operation. A.They listened to General Eisenhower. D.General Eisenhower's order. 4.Para.4 B.They headed bravely for Normandy. E.Memorial ceremonies for the opera- 5.Para.5 C.They were preparing for the operation. tion. 6.Para.6 F.The dead will be remembered forever. D.They were gathering along French coastline. 7.Para.7 G.The success of the operation. 3.What can we learn from the scenes one soldier re- called? 答案：1-7 CDABGEF A.The fighting was very fierce. II.Reading for structure B.The enemy were very wise. The D-DAY LANDINGS C.Heavy machine gunfire is terrible. D.Tanks were of little use. Allied troops 1.gathered in large 4.What can we know about Laurence Binyon in the numbers along the south coast of Eng- passage? Spring land. A.He is a former soldier. 1944 ◆The aim of code-named“Operation Overlord"is 2.to free north-west Eu- B.He is a survivor. rope from German occupation. C.He is a commander. D.He is a poet. Thousands landed 3.by parachute behind 答案：1-4CBAD enemy lines in northern France. N.Post-reading 6 June Thousands more 4.journeyed across By spring 1944,Allied troops had been gather- 1944 the English Channel to Normandy. ing in large numbers.This largest 1.combined(com- Hundreds 5.lay dead in the water bine)sea,air and land operation in history aimed to and amongst the tanks on the beach. free north-west Europe from German 2.occupation (occupy).The date for 3.the start of Operation The Allies 6.liberated Paris. Overlord was set for 6 June.At dawn on 6 June, The Germans was 7.removed from August thousands landed 4.by parachute behind enemy lines 1944 north-west France. The Allied forces 8.prepared to en- in northern France.Their objective was 5.to reach ter Germany. (reach)the Normandy beaches.The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach and by mid-morning,hundreds Despite the high cost in human life, lay dead in the water and amongst the 6.tanks(tank) Outcome the D-Day landings were 9.a success. on the beach.Despite the high cost in human life,the of The It finally led to the 10.end of the D-Day landings were 7.a success.By the end of Au- operation Second World War. gust 1944,the Germans 8.had been removed (re- move)from north-west France.Seventy years later, Ⅲ.Reading for details survivors came together for 9.memorial(memory) l.What is the aim of“Operation Overlord”? ceremonies.Although each year they are 10.fewer A.To make up Allied troops. B.To plan a top-secret operation. (few)in number,we will always remember their out- standing acts of courage. ·81· 世五维课堂 英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册 ● 课后。素养提升 对应学生课时P26 -● I.阅读理解 [语篇解读]本文主要讲述了一战期间，随着 战争的残酷性加深，士兵的反战情绪日益高涨，一些 It was December 25,1914,only 5 months into 士兵拒绝执行作战命令，战场上竟然出现了“圣诞休 World War I.German,British,and French sol- 战”。 diers,already sick and tired of the senseless killing, 1.The soldiers began socialising with the enemy be- disobeyed their superiors and started socialising with cause "the enemy"along two-thirds of the Western Front. A.they couldn't bear the meaningless killing German troops held up Christmas trees with B.it was the best way to avoid being killed signs"Merry Christmas".Thousands of troops ran across the battlefields covered with dead bodies. C.they feared that they would be caught They sang Christmas songs,exchanged photographs D.their enemies were from similar backgrounds of loved ones back home,shared food and even 解析：A[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ger played football.Soldiers hugged men they had been man,British,and French soldiers,already sick trying to kill a few short hours before.They agreed and tired of the senseless killing,disobeyed their to warn each other if their officers forced them to superiors and started socialising with 'the enemy' fire their weapons,and to aim high. along two-thirds of the Western Front.”可知，士 Fear ran through the military leaders on both 兵因为厌烦毫无意义的杀戮，开始拒绝执行作战命 sides.They felt that their power was being chal- 令，并且开始和“敌人”交往。故选A。] lenged:soldiers declaring their brotherhood with 2.How did the generals finally put an end to the each other and refusing to fight.Generals declared soldiers'socialising? this unexpected peacemaking illegal and said that A.They sent the soldiers'loved ones to prison. participating soldiers would face a military court. B.They moved the two groups of soldiers further Those found guilty would be imprisoned or even shot.By March 1915 the socialising movement had apart. been destroyed and the killing machine was back in C.They increased the number of officers to con- full operation.Over the next three years more than trol the soldiers. fifteen million people died in the war. D.They warned the soldiers that they would face Not many people have heard the story of the severe punishment. Christmas Truce()On Christmas Day,1988,a 解析：D[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Gener- local radio host in Boston played"Christmas in the als declared this unexpected peacemaking illegal Trenches",a song about the Christmas Truce,sev- and said that participating soldiers would face a eral times and was stunned by his listeners're- military court.Those found guilty would be im- sponse.Thousands of people called in,praising the prisoned or even shot.”可知，将军对士兵进行了严 song,with many moved to tears by the amazing 厉的警告，违令者会被监禁甚至枪杀。故选D。] events it describes. 3.The underlined word "stunned"in Paragraph 4 You can probably guess why the callers were in most probably means“ ” tears.The Christmas Truce story goes against most A.satisfied B.shocked of what we have been taught about people.It lets us see the world as it can be and says,"This really hap- C.amused D.confused pened once.It shows us the potential we have as 解析：B[词义猜测题。根据“Thousands of peo- humans,and contradicts all of those TV and news- ple called in,praising the song,with many moved paper stories that tell us how mean and heartless to tears by the amazing events it describes.”可知， people are.It is like hearing that our deepest wishes 电台主持人播放了几次这首歌后，被听众的反应 really are true:the world really can be different. “震惊”了。故选B。] ·82· Unit 3 War and peace 五维课堂剑 4.The author uses the story of the soldiers to imply As the realization of nuclear weapons grew that human beings near,Einstein looked beyond the current war to fu- A.are not trustworthy under stress ture problems that such weapons could bring.He B.are naturally aggressive and warlike wrote to his friend about his fear about the future C.are basically caring and kind-hearted use of the a bomb. D.will always do what is in their own self-interest The atomic bombings of Japan occurred three months after Germany gave in. 解析：C[写作意图题。本文主要讲述了一战期 In November 1954,five months before his 间，随着战争的残酷性加深，士兵的反战情绪日益 death,Einstein summarized his feelings about his 高涨，一些士兵拒绝执行作战命令。本文旨在告诉 role in the creation of the atomic bomb:"I made one 我们：人们仁慈善良，从内心渴望世界和平。故 great mistake in my life...when I signed the letter 选C。] to President Roosevelt recommending that atom B bombs be made;but there was some justification- In 1905,as part of his Special Theory of Rela- the danger that the Germans would make them. tivity,Albert Einstein published the point that a [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。爱因斯坦曾 large amount of energy could be released from a 表示自己不会为战争服务，但是后来却间接推动了原 子弹的研发。 small amount of matter.This was expressed by 5.What can we learn about Szilard and Wigner? equation E-me2(energy-mass times the speed of A.They were not as influential as Einstein. light squared).But bombs were not what Einstein B.They were responsible for the invention of nu- had in mind when he published this equation. clear weapons. In 1929,he publicly declared that if a war broke C.They had cheated their friend Albert Einstein. out he would"refuse to do war service,direct or indi- D.They had an intention to destroy the world. rect..."His position would change in 1933,as a re- 解析：A[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But Sz- sult of Adolf Hitler's coming into power in Germa- ilard and Wigner had no influence with those in ny. power.So in July 1939 they explained the problem Einstein's greatest role in the invention of the to someone who did:Albert Einstein.”可推知，Sz ilard和Wigner不如爱因斯坦那么有影响力。故 atomic bomb was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built be- 选A。] 6.Einstein realized his mistake of cause some physicists feared that Germany might be A.co-operating with his workmates working on an atomic bomb.Among those concerned B.inventing the atomic bomb were physicists Leo Szilard and Eugene Wigner.But C.publishing his equation Szilard and Wigner had no influence with those in D.signing the letter to President Roosevelt power.So in July 1939 they explained the problem to 解析：D[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“1 someone who did:Albert Einstein.After talking with made one great mistake in my life...when I Einstein,in August 1939,Szilard wrote a letter to signed the letter to President Roosevelt recom- President Roosevelt with Einstein's signature on it, mending that atom bombs be made..”可知，爱因 which was delivered to Roosevelt in October 1939. 斯坦意识到自己为那封给罗斯福总统的信签名是 Germany has invaded Poland the previous 一个错误。故选D,] 7.Why did Einstein suggest making atom bombs? month;the time was ripe for action.That October A.Because President Roosevelt asked to do so. research of a bomb began but proceeded slowly be- B.Because it was likely that Hitler would make cause the invention of the atomic bomb seemed dis- them. tant and unlikely.In April 1940 an Einstein letter, C.Because he was not in favor of President Roose- ghost-written by Szilard,pressed the researchers on velt. the need for“greater speed”. D.Because it was not necessary to do so. 83· 世五维课堂 英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册 解析：B[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句 Walk off. "Einstein's greatest role in the invention of the When the conflict is gathering pace and you atomic bomb was signing a letter to President Franklin can't manage to control yourself,you should choose Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some to handle the situation in another way.By all physicists feared that Germany might be working means,try to keep yourself away from stress.5 on an atomic bomb.”以及最后一段可知，爱因斯坦 You should get away from the situation for a while. 之所以建议造原子弹是因为他担心德国的希特勒 A.The greatest victory is a battle not fought. 可能会造原子弹。故选B。] B.Conflicts are unavoidable,so try to accept them. 8.The best title for the passage would be" 、” C.Weak people usually desire others to offer help A.A Story of Albert Einstein and support. B.Albert Einstein and the Atomic Bomb D.Let other people solve their problems without C.It Was Unfair for Einstein your presence. D.How the Atomic Bomb Was Invented E.It is helpful to put some distance between yourself 解析：B[标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文 and the opponent. 主要讲述的是爱因斯坦对原子弹的研发的影响，所 F.When someone pushes you to the limit,try to act 以B项“爱因斯坦和原子弹”适合用作本文的标题。 kindly towards this person. 故选B。] G.Arguing can either break your friendship or affect Ⅱ.阅读七选五 your relationship to some degree. It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种有 enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and 效避免冲突的建议。 live in peace with others.1 If you have done all l.G[根据空前一句“It is necessary to be reasona- your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing, then read these effective tips on how to avoid con- ble and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much flicts. as possible and live in peace with others.”可知，尽 Don't get in the center of the conflict. 量避免冲突是十分有必要的；据此可以判断，空处 Sometimes people can get in the center of con- 承上启下，介绍冲突的严重危害，引出文章主题，故 flicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help. G项正确。] Frankly speaking,it is very unwise,because it can 2.D[根据空后一句“You should focus on your make you the main figure of the conflict.2 You own life issues.”可知，作者建议把注意力集中在 should focus on your own life issues. 自己的事情上；据此可以判断，空处建议“让其他人 Be kind. 自己解决他们自己的问题”，故D项符合文意。] 3 Life is full of conflicts and disagree- 3.F[根据该段标题“Be kind.”可知，该段主要阐述 ments,and that's why you should find more conser- “和善待人”的建议，这与F项中的“try to act kind- vative ways of dealing with them.For example, ly towards this person'”照应，故F项符合文意。] kindness can lessen the conflict. 4.A[根据空后一句“This saying is the life motto Try to be a peacekeeper. Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without of a natural-born peacekeeper.”可以判断，空处是 bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even 调解人的一句格言。A项意为“最伟大的胜利是一 conflicts."4 "This saying is the life motto of a 场没有战斗的斗争”，符合文意，故A项正确。] natural-born peacekeeper.Don't worry if you are not 5.E[根据空前一句“By all means,try to keep a natural-born peacekeeper;you can gain this skill yourself away from stress.”可知，这里作者建议要 during life. 远离冲突，离开对手；据此可知E项符合文意。] ·84·