Unit 2 Making a Difference 单元综合与提升-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版）

该高中英语单元复习讲义通过表格、框架图系统构建知识体系，将词汇（含词性、词义）、词形转换（如名词-动词、形容词-副词）、核心短语及语法点（同位语从句、"介词+which"定语从句等）按"基础积累-用法应用-综合拓展"递进关系梳理，清晰呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于"分层练习+方法指导"设计，如读后续写通过"四步曲"（理清脉络-构思框架-增加细节-检查优化）培养思维品质，语法填空结合单元重点词汇强化语言能力，孔融让梨故事渗透文化意识。基础题助学生巩固知识，拓展题供能力提升，教师可据此实施精准教学，支持学生自主复习。

单元综合与提升 ◎ 1．internal adj. 内部的 2．fund v. 为……提供资金，资助 3．recycle v. 再利用，回收利用 4．fountain n. 喷水池 5．foundation n. 基金会 6．insight n. 顿悟，猛醒 7．extend v. 持续；延伸 8．mission n. 职责；使命 9．disease n. 疾病，病 10．generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的 11．institution n. 机构，团体 12．aid v. 帮助，援助 13．temporary adj. 短期的，短暂的；临时的 14．obtain v. 获得，得到 15．further adj. 更多的，附加的 ◎ 选用左栏短语的适当形式填空 1．He is so kind a boy that he often aids his mother to clean the house. 2．The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment，allowing more patients to be treated. 3．If you wish for further explanation, you’d better apply to the director in person. 4．The garden city contains not merely farms but also sonic industrial institutions. 5．It is well known that Chinese medicine is quite effective in fighting many diseases，like cancer. ◎ 1．contribution n．贡献→contribute v．贡献 2．relief n．减轻，缓解→relieve v．减轻，缓解 3．shortage n．短缺，不足，缺乏→short adj.缺少的 4．effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n．效果 5．earn v．挣(钱)→earnings n．收入 6．donate v．捐赠，捐献→donation n．捐献 7．reality n．真实，现实→real adj.真的→really adv.真正地 8．disability n．残疾，残障→disabled adj.残疾的 学生用书第56页 9．hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n．迟疑，犹豫 10．assistance n．帮助，援助→assist v．帮助，援助 11．registration n．登记，注册→register v．登记，注册 12．confirmation n．证实，证明→confirm v．证实，证明 13．achievement n．成绩，成就→achieve v．实现 14．chief adj.最高级别的，首席的→chiefly adv.主要地 15．major adj.重要的，主要的→majority n．大多数 16．treatment n．治疗；疗法→treat v．治疗；对待 ◎ 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．It is said that the local government has taken effective (effect) measures to reduce unemployment. 2．Yuan Longping, who passed away on May 22,2021, made a very great contribution (contribute) to China’s agriculture. 3．①As a man with disability (disable), making his dream come true is not an easy thing. ②The organization is working to protect the rights of disabled (disable) veterans. 4．①Tiangong Ⅱ’s launch was an important historical achievement (achieve) for China, even for the whole world. ②He worked hard and achieved (achieve) success. 5．①To my relief (relieve), the new medicine bought from Beijing helped relieve the pain of my brother’s injured leg. ②Being able to tell the truth at last seemed to relieve (relieve) her. 6．①In theory, this problem should not occur, but in reality (real) it does. ②She seems unfriendly at first, but she’s really (real) very nice. 7．①There are more than 4,000 students in our school, the majority (major) of whom put their hearts into their studies. ②In college, he majored (major) in history and minored in French. 8．①A man rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation (hesitate). ②He hesitated (hesitate) and asked me if he could sit near me. ◎ 1．set up 　　　　　　 创立；建立 2．be determined to do 下决心做 3．make a difference 有影响；起(重要)作用 4．benefit from... 从……中获益 5．hesitate to do 犹豫做某事 6．come up with 提出；想出 7．play an important role in... 在……中起重要的作用 8．escape from... 从……逃脱 9．in danger 处于危险中 10．keep records of... 记录 11．serve as 担任 12．take sb in 收留某人 13．at one point 在某一时刻 14．rise to one’s feet 站起身来 15．pass away 去世 ◎ 选用左栏短语的适当形式填空 1．As long as everyone gives a bit of his own love, it will make a difference to the whole world. 2．It’s time to start thinking outside the box. In other words，it’s time to come up with creative ways to save the coral reefs. 3．Though he was badly hurt，he slowly rose to his feet. 4．With more and more companies set up, our hometown is becoming better and better. 5．Now only a few people are willing to donate their organs after they pass away. 6．To control your spending，you’d better keep records of your expenses. 7．At one point I thought she was going to refuse，but in the end she agreed. 8．If the learners of online learning cannot control themselves well, they will not benefit from online learning. 学生用书第57页 ◎ 1．that引导同位语从句 As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. 2．“介词＋which”引导定语从句 After several months，Ryan had raised the $2,000，with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. 3．not... but... “不是……而是……”，连接两个并列成分 Now，as an adult，Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help？”，but “How can I help today？”. 4．独立主格结构 These are among the 669 children，most of them Jewish，that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis. 5．on/upon＋名词/doing表示“一……就……” On leaving school，Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. ◎ 1．我突然产生了一个温暖的想法——用零花钱为妈妈的生日买些花。 A warm thought suddenly came to me that I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday. 2．杰克因为救那名落水儿童而受到表扬，我们为他感到骄傲。 Jack was praised for saving the drowning child, of whom we felt proud/in whom we took pride. 3．我做这件事不是因为我喜欢做， 而是因为我不得不做。 I did it not because I like it but because I have to do it. 4．完成作业后，孩子们高高兴兴地回家了。 Homework finished，the children went home happily. 5．一看到这种情景，她就哭了起来。 On/Upon seeing the sight, she burst into tears. 语法填空(文中加黑词汇为本单元的重点词汇) During World War II, the Nazi military 1.killed (kill) many Jewish people. 2.An Englishman named Winton aided hundreds of Jewish 3.children (child) in escaping from the Nazis and provided them 4.with temporary homes. Winton 5.received (receive) various honours for his achievement, 6.including (include) a knighthood. Apart from Winton, there is also a famous Chinese female scientist worth mentioning here. She’s Tu Youyou, 7.who is the chief researcher of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. Her major achievement is 8.to discover (discover) a treatment for malaria. She and her research team obtained a New Drug Certificate for qinghaosu, 9.issued (issue) by the relevant ministry of health. She and her team are doing 10.further (far) research on qinghaosu. 学生用书第58页 “If you could have any three things, what would you want？” Eleven-year-old Ruby Kate Chitsey loves asking that question, but it’s not a game she plays at recess(课间). She asks it at nursing homes in the Harrison, Arkansas, where she lives. Even more amazing, she then sets out to make the residents’ wishes come true. Ruby Kates often tags along with① her mother, Amanda, who works at nursing homes in the summer. “I’ve never found them scary at all, so I’m able to just go up to them and ask if they need anything，” she says. Last May, Ruby Kate noticed a resident② named Pearl staring out a window. She seemed sad. “What are you looking at？” Ruby Kate asked. Pearl said she was watching her dog being led away by his new owner after a visit. Pearl didn’t know when she would see her dog again. Pearl was a medicaid recipient, who got only $40 a month to spend on personal items. Ruby Kate and Amanda asked around and discovered that many residents are unable to afford even the smallest luxuries③. So Ruby Kate decided to do something about it. She started by asking residents what three things they wanted most. “That’s a lot simpler than going, ‘Hey, what do you want？’” she explains. “They can understand you better.” Amanda worried that people would ask for things an 11-year-old wouldn’t be able to provide. Instead, they asked for chocolate bars, McDonald’s fries, and even just a prayer. “It broke me as a human，” Amanda says. “We left the nursing home that day and went straight to a store and bought as many items as we could.” Using their own money, the Chitseys granted④ the wishes of about 100 people in three months. Then they started asking for donations. The good people of Harrison responded enthusiastically⑤， and they raised $20,000 in 24 hours and more than $250,000 in five months. [词海拾贝] ①tag along with 跟随 ②resident n. 居民 ③luxury n. 奢侈品 ④grant v. 授予，给予 ⑤enthusiastically adv. 热心地，满腔热情地 [阅读问答] 阅读文本，回答以下问题 1．Why does Ruby often ask the same question? Because she wants to help residents in nursing homes. 2．What moved Amanda most? The simplicity and sincerity of the residents’ requests. 3．What message does the author seem to convey in the text? Kindness is the language of the heart. 学生用书第59页 读后续写之优秀品行 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I worked as a mailman. I loved this job. Each day I delivered things like college acceptances and birthday presents. “These are things that could all make someone’s day，” I thought. On an ordinary afternoon of Thursday, I walked in a block and delivered packages as usual. Children were playing in the yards along the block. I waved to them as I walked by, delivering mail at houses along the way. I turned up the next walkway. The lady who lived there opened the door wide. “Hello，” she said. I knew what she was waiting for. “I’ve got your book club selection，” I said, handing over her package. There were only about 700 people on my route. Over the years I had gotten to know most of them. Mrs. Dorman at the end of my route got a package from the Home Shopping Network almost every day. She was an older lady. And I liked being able to bring a little joy into her life with my delivery. After a long time of walking and delivering in the block, I finally reached the house of Mrs. Dorman. I dug in my bag for Mrs. Dorman’s mails—and the inevitable Home Shopping Network package. She’d be glad to get this. Mrs. Dorman waited for me at the door and we always had a nice talk. But Mrs. Dorman wasn’t at the door today. I heard the TV going inside so I knew she was home. “She was probably watching her shopping shows，” I thought. I fit all the envelopes into her mailbox，and then bent down to put the package by the door. I froze. What was that? Something like a cry. I approached closer to the door. “Mrs. Dorman？” I called. There was no answer. But that same weak cry came again. “Hello？” I tried to open the door, but it was locked. So I pressed my ear against the door. This time I clearly heard words, “Help me. I was injured by accident... ” 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 I pushed against the door violently.____________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Luckily the ambulance arrived fast._________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [读后续写四步曲] 第一步　通读全文，理清脉络 1．读要素，弄懂故事大意 本文大意：主要讲述了“我”是一名邮递员，并且很喜欢这份工作。多尔曼太太总是在门口等“我”，“我们”总是聊得很开心。但多尔曼太太今天没在门口。结果“我”发现多尔曼太太家的门是锁着的，而且得知多尔曼太太意外受伤。 2．读人物，理清人物关系 Mrs. Dorman, I 3．读时态，确定主体时态 一般过去时 4．读结构，了解叙述方式 第1－2段：介绍“我”(一名邮递员)的工作，表达了对工作的热爱，并描述了“我”如何进行包裹的日常派送。 学生用书第60页 第3－4段：“我”对投递路线和居民非常熟悉，特别是多尔曼太太，因为“我”几乎每天都为她递送HSN的包裹，并和她进行友好的交谈。 第5－6段：“我”到达多尔曼太太家，发现她不寻常地没有在门口等“我”，听到了微弱的呼救声。 续写部分：第一段主要描写“我”推门走进去后发现多尔曼太太受伤的场景及二人的对话；第二段则主要描写在“我”的帮助下，多尔曼太太被送往医院，多尔曼太太回来时对“我”的感谢。 由此可见，材料是按照时空变化来划分的。我们在构思续写时应从这个叙述方式去进行拓展。 5．读语言，把握语言特色 原文中的语言特色： (1)丰富的心理活动描写 “These are things that could all make some-one’s day，” I thought. She’d be glad to get this. I froze. What was that? Something like a cry. “She was probably watching her shopping shows，” I thought. (2)详细的动作描写 I waved to them as I walked by, delivering mail at houses along the way. I fit all the envelopes into her mailbox, and then bent down to put the package by the door. So I pressed my ear against the door. 第二步　依据首句，构思框架 1．读懂两段首句 第一段首句译文：我使劲地推门。 第二段首句译文：幸运的是救护车很快就到了。 第一段框架：“我”用力推开门进入屋内，发现多尔曼太太被倒下的扶手椅压在走廊上，“我”小心翼翼地移开椅子并叫了救护车。 第二段框架：救护车很快到达，并将多尔曼太太送往医院。几天后她康复回家，向“我”解释了事故的原因，并对“我”的及时救助表示感谢，使得这个平凡的周四变得不同寻常。 2．写好两个衔接句 第一段首句后的衔接句：Luckily, I managed to open the door and stepped into the house. 第二段首句后的衔接句：Mrs. Dorman was lifted and carried to the hospital. 3．写好一个升华句 第二段的尾句，即文尾句。能体现故事圆满结局的句子或故事给我们的启示的句子： It was just an ordinary Thursday. It was also extraordinary because I made a difference to people’s life. 第三步　增加细节，展开续写 基于第一段的框架，我们可以补充以下细节： “我”的动作描写(“我”使劲地推门，打开了门并走了进去，发现多尔曼太太躺在地上)→描述性语言(一把扶手椅倒在她身上，夹住了她的胳膊)→多尔曼太太的语言描写(说她的胳膊受伤了)→描述性语言(她似乎呼吸困难——可能是因为压在她身上的沉重的椅子)→“我”的动作描写(“我”小心翼翼地移开了椅子，叫了救护车并安慰多尔曼太太) 基于第二段的框架，我们可以补充以下细节： 描述性语言(救护车很快就到达了，多尔曼太太入院接受治疗并康复出院)→“我”的心理描写(“我”非常高兴能够再次看到多尔曼太太在门口迎接我)→多尔曼太太的语言描写(讲述她是如何受伤的)→多尔曼太太的动作描写(多尔曼太太感谢“我”及时救了她)→主题升华(这只是一个普通的星期四，但也是不平凡的，因为“我”改变了人们的生活) 第四步　检查优化，整洁誊写 I pushed against the door violently. Luckily, I managed to open the door and stepped into the house. To my surprise, I found Mrs. Dorman lay face down in the hallway, not far from the door. An armchair had fallen on top of her. Her arm was caught in it. “I... think...” she said weakly. She seemed to have trouble breathing—probably because of the heavy chair on top of her. I carefully moved it before calling the ambulance. “My shoulder hurts，” Mrs. Dorman whispered. I comforted her, waiting for the ambulance. Luckily the ambulance arrived fast. Mrs. Dorman was lifted and carried to the hospital. Several days later, Mrs. Dorman was back. I was happy that she could greet me at the door herself again. “I was watching TV and lost my balance getting up，” she explained. “I tried to grab the chair. Instead, it came down on top of me.” At last, she thanked me for rescuing her in time. It was just an ordinary Thursday. It was also extraordinary because I made a difference to people’s life. 学生用书第61页 Kong Rong Yields the Larger Pears 孔融让梨 Kong Rong was a descendant of Confucius and was very polite as a child. 孔融是孔子的后代，他小时候非常懂礼貌。 On a sunny day, Kong Rong and his brothers sat together eating pears. There were many pears, and they were big and sweet. Kong Rong’s father distributed the pears among the children, letting them choose for themselves. 在一个阳光明媚的日子，孔融和他的兄弟们围坐在一起吃梨。梨很多，又大又甜。孔融的父亲把梨分给孩子们，让他们自己选择。 When it was Kong Rong’s turn to pick a pear, he did not choose the biggest and sweetest pear like the other children. Instead, he chose the smallest one. His father saw this and was very surprised, so he asked Kong Rong why he chose such a small pear. 当轮到孔融挑选梨时，他没有像其他孩子那样挑最大最甜的梨，而是挑了一个最小的梨。他的父亲看到了，感到很奇怪，就问孔融为什么挑那么小的梨。 Kong Rong smiled and replied, “Since I am young, a small pear is fine for me. My older brothers are bigger and should eat the bigger pears. My younger siblings are even smaller, so I should care for them and let them have the bigger and sweeter pears.” 孔融笑着回答说：“因为我还小，所以挑小梨就好，哥哥们比我大，应该吃更大的梨。弟弟们比我更小，我应该爱护他们，让他们吃更大更甜的梨。” His father was very pleased to hear this because Kong Rong knew how to respect his elder brothers and take care of his younger siblings. 他的父亲听了非常高兴，因为孔融懂得尊敬兄长，而且照顾弟弟妹妹。 The story of Kong Rong yielding the larger pears has been passed down as a fine example and is still remembered by many people today, reminding us to be polite and caring. 孔融让梨的故事被传为佳话，至今还被很多人记住，提醒我们要做一个有礼貌和有爱心的人。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $