Unit 1 SectionⅣ Developing ideas &. Presenting ideas（教师版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册五维课堂同步复习（外研版）

Unit 1 Knowing me,knowi Sectio 注解助读 ①line n.[C][熟词生义] 诗行；歌词 ②remain linking verb仍 然是 ③excerpt n.[C]摘录， 节选 ④tangled adj.纠结的；复 杂的 ⑤webn.[C]蜘蛛网；错综 复杂的事物 ⑥weave ut.&.vi.编，织 ⑦deceive v.欺骗 ⑧value n.[C]价值观 ⑨majority n.[sing.]大部 分，大多数 “a/the majority+of+可 数名词复数”作主语时，谓 语动词应用复数形式。 ⑩to..extent到…程 度，在…程度上 ①justify n.证明（别人认 为不合理的事)有道理； 为…辩护 ng you W Developing ideas Presenting ic 课文。助读翻译 原文呈现 Little White Lies 1.Written more than two hundred years ago[1],these linesDby Walter Scott remain2one of most well-known excerpts3 of Scottish poetry: Oh,hat a tangled④eb⑤we weave(⑥， When first we practise to deceive⑦！ [1]此处为过去分词短语作让步状语。 2.We all know that honesty is an important value8and that lying is wrong,but who can honestly say that they've never told a lie?Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are"white lies":little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth[2]. [2]画线部分是that引导的同位语从句，对knowledge进 行解释说明。其中第一个we tell是省略了关系代词的定 语从句，修饰先行词most of the lies。冒号后的部分是对 “white lies”的解释说明，其中that引导定语从句，修饰先 行词little lies。不定式to protect.,.truth在从句中作目 的状语。 3.We've all surely had the experience of someone cook- ing a meal for us that we don't like.The majority Oof us of course don't tell the truth-we lie and say that the food is“delicious”. 4.Or if a friend asks us what we think of their new hair- cut,we say "It's great!",even if we think it's awful[3. But to what extent 10 can we justify telling white lies like these? [3]本句是一个主从复合句。主句为we say“It's great!”;if引导条件状语从句，其中包含一个what引导 的宾语从句；even if引导让步状语从句。 5.One of the main reasons for telling a white lie is to try to make others feel better[4].However,when we lie and say that someone's haircut looks good,or when we say that we love a meal that we secretly hate,are we really hoping to improve the situation for someone else?Per- haps we are in fact lying to protect ourselves from the disappointment and anger of others. [4]此处为不定式短语to try to make others feel better 作表语，make others feel better为“make十宾语+宾补” 结构。 ·21· 五维课堂兰 leas 应学生用书P14 参考译文 小小善意的谎言 1.这些台词是两百多 年前由沃尔特·斯科 特写下的，至今仍是苏 格兰诗人最著名的摘 录之一： 哦，我们织成了一张多 么纠结的网， 当我们第一次练习欺 骗的时候！ 2.我们都知道诚实是 种重要的价值观，说谎 则是大错特错，但谁能 坦然地说他们从未说 过谎呢？或许我们会 这样安慰自己，我们说 的大部分谎都是“善意 的谎言”。我们为了保 护他人不被真相伤害 而说的小谎。 3.我们肯定都有过这 样的经历，有人为我们 做了一顿我们不喜欢 的饭莱。大部分人当 然不会讲实话，而是谎 称食物很“美味”。 4.或者，要是朋友问我 们觉得他们的新发型 怎么样，即使我们觉得 糟糕，我们还是会说 “真好看！”但是，我们 能在多大程度上证明 这些善意的谎言有道 理呢？ 5.(人们)说善意谎言 的主原因之一就是尽 可能让他人感觉好点。 可是，我们撒谎说某人 的发型好看，或对心底 讨厌的饭莱表示喜欢， 我们真的是想改善他 人的处境吗？或许我 们实际上撒谎是为了 避免承受别人的失望 和愤怒。 世五维课堂 ②say(for example that)比 方说，举例 ③despite prep..即使，尽管 @frank adj.坦率的，坦诚 的，直言不讳的 ⑤latter n.后者 the former前者 ⑥ask for sb.'s advice 征求某人的建议 ⑦go back to回到（原来的 话题) ⑧in advance提前，事先 in advance of..(时间上) 在…之前 ⑨serve vt.&vi.(给某人) 提供；端上 ④moreover adv.此外，而且 6.Another reason for telling a white lie is to give encour- agement.Say for example that your friend asks you what you think of his singing.You of course say that it's wonderful,despite3 secretly thinking that your cat can sing better.Stop for a moment and consider that perhaps your friend wants some frank14 comments from you so that they can improve[5].Or perhaps,they need to know that they should look for a different hobby. [5]此处为so that引导的目的状语从句。 7.Finally,we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news.If you've had a bad day,do you tell your parents about it,or do you hide your tears and lie that your day was“fine"?If the latter⑤，don't you think your parents would want to listen to you and understand your feelings?Wouldn't it be better to re- spect their concern for you and ask for their advice1? 8.Going back to Walter Scot's lines [6],we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance18 Perhaps the meal you said was "delicious"will be served 19 every time you visit[7].Would your friend trust your opinion again if he found out you had lied about his"won- derful"singing?How would you expect others to truly understand your emotions if you only shared good news instead of bad？Moreover④，how would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth from you? [6]此处为现在分词短语作时间状语。 [7]此处为名词短语every time引导的时间状语从句。 ·22· 语(WY)·必修第三册 6.（人们)说善意谎言 的另一原因是给预予 鼓励。比如，你的朋友 问你他的（歌）唱得如 何，你当然会说不错 尽管你心里偷偷认为 你的猫能唱得更好。 停下来思考一下，或许 你的朋友想要从你身 上得到一些诚恳的意 见，这样他们才能改 进。或者，也许他们需 要知道他们应该寻找 不同的爱好。 7,最后，我们不想让别 人听到坏消息的时候 也会说善意的谎言。 如果你经历了糟糕的 一天，你会告诉你的父 母，还是隐藏眼泪，撒 谎说你的这一天“很 好”？如果是后者，你 不认为你的父母想要 听你倾诉，并理解你的 感受吗？尊重他们对 你的关心，向他们寻求 建议不是更好吗？ 8.回到沃尔特·司各 特的诗句，我们或许会 发现哪怕是善意的谎 言也会造成我们无法 预料的结果。可能你 称之为“美味”的那顿 饭会在你每次到访的 时候端上来。朋友若 知晓你说他歌唱得“不 错”是撒谎之后，还会 再相信你的意见吗？ 如果你只分享好消息， 对坏消息闭口不提，你 怎么能期待他人能够 真正理解你的情绪呢？ 而且，你若发现最亲近 的人一直都在向你隐 瞒真相，会作何感想？ Unit 1 Knowing me,knowing you 课文。 I.Reading for main idea What does the passage mainly discuss? A.The functions of white lies. B.The reasons and results of white lies. C.What white lies are about. D.What white lies may bring us. 答案：B II.Reading for structure Little White Lies Reason 1 Try to make others 1.feel better. Reason 2 Give 2.encouragement Reason 3 3.Protect others from bad news. Even white lies have 4.results we cannot Result know 5.in advance. lⅢ，Reading for the details 1.What is the function of the first paragraph? A.To introduce the topic of the whole passage. B.To deepen the understanding of white lies. C.To remind the readers of the damage of white lies D.To analyze why people like telling white lies. 2.From Paragraph 2,we can learn that A.being honest means you are valuable B.we tell lies so as to protect others C.honest men say they never tell lies D.white lies have a kind original intention 3.Why do we have to tell a white lie sometimes? A.Because the white lies make ourselves feel better. B.Because the white lies are always encouraging. C.Because the white lies can protect others from bad emotions. D.Because all the white lies are kind and under- standable. ● 新知。 [重点单词] 1.tangled adj.纠结的：复杂的 2.webn.蜘蛛网；错综复杂的事物 3.weave u.编，织 4.deceive v.欺骗 5.tear n.眼泪，泪水 6.moreover adv.此外，而且 7.apart adv.分离，分开 ·3 五维课堂到 篇章理解 对应学生用书P16 4.In which example is a white lie used to give en- couragement? A.Your haircut looks good. B.The meal you cooked is delicious. C.You sing a wonderful song. D.My day is fine.Don't worry. 答案：1-4ADCC N.Post reading We all know that honesty is an important value and that 1.lying(lie is wrong,but who can 2.honestly (honest)say that they've never told a lie?Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowl- edge that most of the lies we tell are"white lies":lit- tle lies that we tell 3.to protect(protect)others from the truth.There are some reasons for telling white lies. First,white lies can make others feel 4.better(good). When we lie and say someone's haircut looks good,we are in fact lying to protect ourselves from the 5.dis- appointment(disappoint)and anger of others.An- other reason for telling a white lie is to give encour- agement.Say for example that your friend asks you what you think of his singing.You of course say that it's wonderful,6.despite secretly thinking that your cat can sing better.In fact,perhaps what your friend needs are frank 7.comments(comment).Fi- nally,we may also tell 8.a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news.If you 9.have had (have)a bad day,you may hide your tears and lie that your day was"fine"so 10.that your parents won't worry about you.However,wouldn't it be better to respect their concern for you and ask for their advice?One day we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance. 点点突破 对应学生用书P17 8.fence n.栅栏，围栏，篱笆 9.justify v.证明（别人认为不合理的事）有道理； 为…辩护→justification n.正当理由；辩护 l0.frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的→frankly ado.坦率地；直率地 11.latter n.后者→late adj.迟的，晚的 l2.independent adj.独立的→independence n.独立； 自主 3 世五维课堂 [重点短语] 1.to..extent到…程度，在…程度上 2.ask for sb.'s advice征求某人的建议 3.go back to回到（原来的话题） 4.in advance提前，事先 5.the majority of大多数… [句式精析] 1.We all know that honesty is an important value and that lying is wrong,but who can honestly say that they've never told a lie? [句式精析]本句是一个主从复合句。前两个 that引导并列宾语从句；第三个that引导宾语 从句。 要点 [词汇精讲] But to what extent can we justify telling white lies like these? 但是，我们能在多大程度上证明这些善意的 谎言有道理呢？ 回to..extent到…程度，在…程度上 ◆[佳句感知] We all to some extent remember the good time and forget the bad. 我们在某种程度上都会记住美好的时光而忘掉不 愉快的事情。 [知识积累] to some extent/to a certain extent 在某种程度上 to a great/large extent 在很大程度上 to such an extent that 达到如此程度 to what extent 在多大程度上 ◆[学以致用 (1)单句语法填空 DIts success will depend to a large extent on a local attitudes. 2To what extent did she influence his decision? (2)完成句子 3Forest fires can affect climate and weather to a great/large extent,besides causing severe damage to valuable trees. 森林火灾除了对有价值的树木造成严重损害外， 还会在很大程度上影响气候和天气。 DIn short,Internet voting,to some extent,is unfair and cannot be trusted. 简而言之，网络投票在某种程度上是不公平的，不 可信的。 ·2 英语(WY)·必修第三册 试译：我们都知道诚实是种重要的价值观，说谎则 是大错特错，但谁能坦然地说他们从未说过谎呢？ 2.However,when we lie and say that someone's hair- cut looks good,or when we say that we love a meal that we secretly hate,are we really hoping to im- prove the situation for someone else? [句式精析]本句是一个主从复合句。两个when 引导时间状语从句；前两个that引导宾语从句；第 三个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a meal。 试译：可是，当我们撒谎说某人的发型好看，或对心 底讨厌的饭菜表示喜欢，我们真的是想改善他人的 处境吗？ 层层精析 对应学生用书P17 You of course say that it's wonderful,de- spite secretly thinking that your cat can sing 2 better. 你当然会说不错，尽管你心里偷偷认为你的 猫能唱得更好。 回despite prep.即使，尽管 ◆汇佳句感知] Despite the heavy traffic,he managed to come on time. 尽管交通拥挤，他还是设法准时到达了。 [知识积累] (1)despite后跟名词、代词或.-ing短语。相当 于in spite of (2)despite the fact that..尽管…(that引导同 位语从句) ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 DHe managed to eat a big lunch despite having eaten(eat)an enormous breakfast. 2She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring. (2)翻译句子 ③尽管下着雨，他还是来帮助我了。 He came to help me despite /in spite of the rain. ④尽管开车去的机场，她还是误了飞机。 Despite /In spite of driving to the airport,she missed the plane. Stop for a moment and consider that per- haps your friend wants some frank com- 3 ments from you so that they can improve. 停下来思考一下，或许你的朋友想要从你身 上得到一些诚恳的意见，这样他们才能改进。 Unit 1 Knowing me,knowing you 回frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的 ◆汇佳句感知] He was completely frank with her about what happened. 对于发生的一切，他都对她坦言相告。 [知识积累] (I)be frank with sb.对某人坦诚相告 be frank about sth.坦白某事；坦诚告诉某事 (2)frankly speaking坦率地讲 briefly speaking简而言之 fairly speaking说句公道话 exactly speaking确切地说 honestly speaking说实在的；说实话 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 D She was quite frank about the whole thing. 2Exactly (exact)speaking,it is this spirit that makes football one of the most popular sports around the world. (2)完成句子 3To be frank,I think it's a bad idea. 坦白说，我认为这个主意不好。 DTo be honest/Honestly speaking,I have been dreaming of forming a band. 说实在的，我一直梦想着组建一支乐队。 The more independent you are,the better your life will be. 你越独立，你的生活就会越好 回independent adj.独立的，自主的；自立的 ◆[佳句感知] Children should be encouraged to be independent thinkers 应该鼓励孩子们成为独立思考者。 [知识积累] (I)be independent of sb../sth.不依靠某人/某物 (2)independence n.独立；自立 gain independence from从…中获得独立 (3)dependent adj.依赖的，依靠的 be dependent on依赖，依靠 (4)depend vi.相信；依靠，依赖 depend on,/upon依赖，依靠；相信 It(all)depends./That depends.看情况而 定。 [一语助记] In the past,he lived on the money donated by oth- ers.To get rid of his dependence on others,he be- gan to make his living by fishing.Now,he is not dependent on others any more.That is to say,he is independent nowadays.As he ever put it,"Inde- pendence can build up my self-confidence. 过去他靠别人捐献的钱生活。为了摆脱对别人的 依赖，他开始以捕鱼为生。现在，他不再依靠别人 了，也就是说，他目前独立了。就像他曾经所说的： “独立自主能够增强我的自信心。” 五维课堂上 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 DOlder people may seek their own friends rather than become too emotionally dependent on their children. 2I always placed a lot of dependence (depend) on what she says. 3Taiwan is part of China,not an independent (depend)country. (2)完成句子 DStudents should aim to be independent of their teachers. 学生应该努力不依赖老师。 1 You can't be dependent on/depend on /upon your all your parents. 你不能一辈子依靠你的父母。 As soon as they started to get closer,they hurt each other with their quills,so they had 5 to move apart. 它们一靠近，就用它们的大翎毛互相伤害，所 以不得不分开。 回apart adv..分离，分开 ◆[佳句感知] The worker took apart the machine and let it work again in less than 30 minutes. 工人把机器拆开，用了不到30分钟就让它重新工 作了。 [知识积累] take apart拆开，拆卸 tell apart辨别，区分 tear apart撕毁，撕碎 come/fall apart崩溃；破裂；土崩瓦解 apart from除了…之外（还） 汇名师点津]“动词十副词”型短语：名词放后面或 中间，人称代词放中间。 ◆[学以致用] (1)选词填空（选用上述短语填空） DIt's easy to tell the pills apart because they're all different colours. 2There was something wrong with the radio,so I took it apart and repaired it. 3She couldn't wait to tear the newspaper apart. 4The storm caused the entire house to shake and start to fall apart. (2)完成句子 5Apart from their house in London,they also have a villa in Spain. 除了他们在伦敦的房子，他们还在西班牙有一座 别墅。 世五维课堂 [句式精析] Stop for a moment and consider that per- haps your friend wants some frank com- ments from you so that they can improve. 停下来思考一下，或许你的朋友想要从你 身上得到一些诚恳的意见，这样他们才能 改进。 [句式分析]本句是由and连接的两个并列句，第 二个分句中that引导宾语从句，在这个宾语从句 中又包含so that引导的目的状语从句。 ◆[佳句感知] I'll give you all the facts so that/in order that you can judge by yourself. 我会给你所有事实，以便你能自己作出判断。 [知识积累] so that引导状语从句的用法： (1)so that引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便，为 了”。此时，从句谓语常含有could/,might/can 等情态动词。 (2)当so that/,in order that引导的从句中的主语 和主句中的主语一致时，可将从句简化为in order to,/so as to结构。 (3)so that除了引导目的状语从句外，还可以引 导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”。 [名师点津](1)in order that也引导目的状语从 句，但so that一般不用于句首，而in order that可 用于句首。 (2)so as to不能放在句首，而in order to可以放在 :句首。 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 DBring it closer so that I can see it more clearly. 2In order that she could catch the first bus,she got up very early. (2)完成句子 3He injured his foot so that he was unable to take part in the match. 他脚受伤了，因此无法参加比赛。 课后 基础检测 》 I.单词拼写 lL.Would he get annoyed(烦恼的)if I told him about it? 2.Idon't know how I should adjust(调整)my state of mind? 3.This is my duty(责任)，for ourselves,and for our next generation. 4.Neither you nor he is responsible for this accident(). 5.This is one of our core(核心的)business.. 2 英语(WY)·必修第三册 (3)一句多译 为了实现我们的理想，我们必须努力学习。 4We must study hard so that/in order that we could realize our dreams. 5In order that we could realize our dreams,we must study hard. 6We must study hard so as to/in order to realize our dreams. DIn order to realize our dreams,we must study hard. The more independent you are,the better 2 your life will be. 你越独立，你的生活就会越好 [句式分析]该句使用了“the十比较级…，the 十比较级…”结构，意为“越…，就越…” ◆[佳句感知] The more you know,the more you find you don't know. 知之愈多，便觉知之愈少 「知识积累 “the十比较级…，the十比较级…”结构用法 总结： (1)表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化， the用在形容词或副词的比较级前。 (2)前一个“the十比较级”通常相当于比较状语从 句或条件状语从句，后一个“the十比较级”通 常相当于主句。 (3)在通常情况下，如果主从句中的谓语动词是系 动词be,而且主语不是代词，be常省略。 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 DThe more you practice,the better(good)you can understand. 2 The busier(busy)he is,the happier he feels. (2)完成句子 3The harder you work,the greater progress you will get. 你越努力，进步就越快。 The longer she waited,the less patient she be- came. 她等得越久，就越没耐心。 素养提升 对应学生课时P7 6.We must ensure(确保)that all patients have ac- cess to high quality care. 7.How do we forgive(原谅)others who have wronged us? 8.Other people criticise(批评)you and say that what you do goes against reason. 9.How do you justify(辩解)your rude behavior? l0.As a student,.you should be frank(坦诚的)to your teachers. ll.The audience were all moved to tears(眼泪)by the film. Unit 1 Knowing me,knowing you 12.Many support the former alternative,but person- ally I favour the latter(后者). Ⅱ.短语填空 by accident,compare with,be satisfied with, look down on,take the lead,adjust to,prevent... from,separate...from,deal with,settle down,in conclusion,share with 1.Compared with what we ought to be,we are only half awake. 2.Being party members,we should take the lead in eve- rything. 3.Why don't you separate vegetables from fruits? 4.Nothing would prevent him from speaking out his idea. 5.How shall we deal with this problem? 6.Some people respect him,while others look down on him. 7.After years of travelling,he decided to settle down. 8.She made the mistake whether by accident or by design. 9.It took him a while to adjust to working night shifts. 10.He was satisfied with the watch his father had bought for him. 11.In conclusion I wish this meeting every success. 12.This is what I would like to share with you today. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1.He got annoyed at the annoying flies flying around him when he was reading.(annoy) 2.What about going(go)swimming together with us? 3.Faced with so many problems arising from lack of communication,I didn't know how to deal with them independently (independent). 4.Frankly(frank)speaking,I don't enjoy the performance. 5.He couldn't hold back his tears(tear)when he heard the touching story. 6.All of the work we do is based on science. 7.The force of gravity gets weaker as objects move apart. 8.If what you say is not consistent (consist)with what you do,it will have a bad effect on your chil- dren. 9.Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning (learn)how to read and write. 10.You can ask yourself:What can I learn from this? W.短文填空：用学过的词语填空 As one famous poet said,we 1.weave (a 2.tangled(错综复杂的)3.web(网)when we begin to 4.deceive ()Once we tell a lie and deceive oth- ers,it is difficult for us to5.justify（为…辩护)our- ·2 五维课堂y selves..We should be honest and6.frank(坦率的) with others.However,a white lie can protect others from bad news or hide our7.tears(眼泪).8.More over(此外)，we sometimes lie to protect ourselves from the disappointment and anger of others.So, the former is wrong,but the9.latter(后者)is sometimes helpful.Although lies are a tangled web, they will become 10.independent(独立的)of each other when they fall 11.apart(分离). 译文：正如一位著名诗人所言，当我们开始欺骗时，我 们编织了一张错综复杂的网。一旦我们说谎并欺骗 他人，我们就很难自圆其说。我们应该对别人诚实和 坦率。然而，善意的谎言可以保护别人免受坏消息的 伤害，或者隐藏我们的眼泪。此外，我们有时说谎，是 为了保护自己免遭他人对我们的失望和愤怒。因此， 前者是错误的，但后者有时是有帮助的。尽管谎言是 一张错综复杂的网，但当它们分崩离析时，彼此之间 就变得毫无关联了。 能力提升 -》 I.阅读理解 I saw that woman every day,even though my mind didn't really register her existence.As a jani- tor,it was her job to clean the floor,and check the drawings on the wall. One afternoon I saw two boys kick trash cans over,spilling garbage. “What are you doing?”she exclaimed.“Get back and clean this mess up！” The boys ran away,making faces at her. Sadly,she began collecting the trash.A few tears fell from her eyes.I picked up a paper box and smiled at her.I thought she would smile back,but she just went back to do her job.The next time when I saw her,I called out,"Good morning!"She stopped and looked at me.Then,she smiled back. It was a really beautiful smile. We continued this relationship.We both smiled and waved as we met but we didn't know each oth- er,until one day,she asked me a question,which I thought she had wanted to ask for a long time."You're not from around here,are you?" "Well,I've lived here all my life,if that's what you mean..” She was surprised."Oh,I just thought .. you're so friendly,"she said.I knew what she meant. After that day,the custodian and I have become real friends.I tell her about my classes,and she tells me about her family.What this experience has taught me is that little gestures of kindness are often the most appreciated.By offering a simple smile and a cheery hello,I helped give this woman a better day 世五维课堂 and gained a valuable friendship.The fact that I am a student and she is a custodian,or that she is black and I am white,really doesn't matter.Perhaps through these small gestures of kindness,we can all build a better world,one smile at a time. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。全文通过作者自己的 经历告诉我们，交朋友是很简单的一件事，只要用心、 真诚，就会交到朋友。 1.What made the janitor cry? A.That the boys drew pictures of her on the wall. B.That she lost her job as a janitor. C.That she didn't like her job as a janitor. D.That two boys made her job more difficult. 解析：D[细节理解题。根据题千的made the jan- itor cry我们可定位到文章第五段Sadly,she began collecting the trash.A few tears fell from her eyes.并结合文章第三、四段可知有两个小男孩捣 乱，使得她的工作很难做下去，所以选择D项。] 2.Which of the following happened first? A.The writer helped the janitor pick up garbage. B.The janitor asked the writer a question. C.The writer and the janitor became good friends. D.The janitor smiled at the writer. 解析：A[细节理解题。根据题千的happened first我们可定位到文章第五段：I picked up a paper box.·结合此信息可知第一件事是作者帮助她把 垃圾捡了起来。] 3.The conversation between the two people shows that A.the writer was surprised at what the janitor had said B.they had known each other for a long time C.the janitor wanted to end the relationship with the writer D.the janitor was curious about the writer 解析：D[推理判断题。结合文章第六段可以推 测，她对作者是好奇的。A项说作者对管理员所说 的感到吃惊，两人的对话并未体现出这一点。B项 说他们认识很久了，从管理员说的“You're not from around here,are you'?”可知，管理员对作者并 不熟悉。C项说管理员想结束与作者的关系，从文 章最后可知，他们建立了友谊。] 4.The friendship between the writer and the janitor was created by A.keeping everything clean B.asking questions C.making fun of others D.small gestures of kindness 解析：D[推理判断题。根据文章我们得知作者 与管理员交朋友是从一件很小的事开始的。本题 易误选B,尽管他们问了问题，但是是作者小小的 举动开始了他们的友谊。] ·2 Unit 1 Knowing me,knowing you 2.G[下一句谈及了避谈该话题的弊端，显然此处 填入G项合适。] 3.D[填入句起承上启下作用，下段中列举了生活 中教孩子的几个时机，由此不难确定答案选D。] ● 里元 写一篇 [写作指导] ◆[文体感知] 论说文通常包括三部分：引言，主体和结论。引 言部分包含文章的写作目的和文章的论点。主体部 分由一系列段落组成，来探讨和详细地阐述论点。结 论部分是对主体部分的总结归纳，要回扣文章的论 点，不要介绍任何新内容。 写论说文时要注意准确把握论说文的三要素：论 点，论据和论证。论点是作者要阐述的观点；论据则 包括事实论据（现实与历史的事实）和理论论据（科学 原理、经典名言等)；论证即论点与论据之间的逻辑关 系，也就是用充分有力的论据来证明论点的过程和 方法。 ◆[审题谋篇】 体裁：论说文 时态：一般现在时和一般过去时为主 人称：第一人称 ◆[文章构架] 首段：开门见山地提出论点。 主体段：论据和论证。本部分为核心论证段落，要摆 出事实。列举事例或引出理论进行具体论证。 结尾段：总结。重申论点，首尾呼应。 ◆[词句积累 1.亮点词汇 (1)bring into focus引起注意 (2)a common belief一个共同的信念 (3)take..for example以…为例 (4)in short/in conclusion总之 (5)draw a conclusion得出结论 (6)take..into consideration考虑到… (7)had better do sth.最好做某事 2.经典句式 ★首段 (1)Recently the problem of...has been brought into focus. 最近，…的问题已引起人们的注意。 (2)It is a common belief that.../A lot of people seem to think that... 这是一个共同的信念…/很多人似乎认为… (3)This quotation/proverb tells us that.../The fa- ble teaches us that... 这句引言/谚语告诉我们…/这个寓言告诉我 们… ★主体段 (4)As the old saying goes,.俗话说 3 五维课堂兰 4.A[空缺处之后谈及charitable check,并给出慈 善机构的网址，由此推测此处表示将钱用于帮助别 人，答案选A。] 5.B[根据段落第一句中open a savings account不 难确定答案选B。] 写作研读 对应学生用书P20 论说文 (5)Let me tell you a story about..让我告诉你个关 于…的故事。 (6)Take my story for example.以我的故事为例。 (7)I have ever experienced such an event. 我曾经经历过这样的事件。 ★结尾段 (8)In short/In conclusion,it can be said that... 总之，可以说… (9)From what has been mentioned above,we can draw a conclusion that,.从上面提到的，我们可 以得出结论…… (10)Taking all these factors into consideration,we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that.·考虑到所有这些因素，我们自然/合理地 得出结论… (ll)Therefore,we'd better..因此，我们最好… （12)What's important is that..最重要的是… [典题示例] ◆[写作要求] 如何理解“成功”，不同的人有不同的看法。请认 真阅读下面的引语(quotation),按要求用英语写一篇 短文。 "Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm(热情).” -Sir Winston Churchill 内容要求： 1.你对该引语的理解； 2.你的相关经历； 3.恰当的结尾。 注意： 1.词数应为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that ◆[要点词汇 1.lose heart/confidence 失去信心 2.instead 相反的 3.consist in 在于 4.hold on/stick to 坚持 5.at the age of 在…岁时 6.couldn't wait to do 迫不及待做某事 7.worse still 更糟糕的是 8.succeed in 成功做某事