专题01 高频词汇变形归纳+100道巩固训练题(复习讲义)(江苏专用)2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

2026-02-20
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英语中高考研究站
进店逛逛

资源信息

学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 九年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 词汇
使用场景 中考复习-二轮专题
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 江苏省
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 176 KB
发布时间 2026-02-20
更新时间 2026-02-20
作者 英语中高考研究站
品牌系列 上好课·二轮讲练测
审核时间 2026-02-20
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/56499148.html
价格 4.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦高频词汇变形,覆盖名词、动词、形容词、副词四大实词的十大类转换考点,按“考点梳理-方法指导-分层训练”设计,通过词形规律归纳、易错点辨析(如“pronounce→pronunciation”拼写)和100道题(基础50题+进阶50题),帮助学生系统突破词性转换难点。 亮点在于“规律分类+语境应用”教学策略,如动词变名词区分“职业(teacher)、动作(teaching)、反义(disagreement)”,形容词变副词对比“hard(努力)/hardly(几乎不)”易混点,培养语言能力和思维品质。分层训练配合即时反馈,确保不同层次学生高效提升,教师可据此精准把控复习节奏,助力学生掌握中考核心词汇变形技巧。

内容正文:

专题01 高频词汇变形归纳(复习讲义) Part 1 词性转换考查类型 词性变形主要聚焦于实词的变化,常考相互转换词类有四种:名词、动词、形容词、副词。 名词 动词、形容词 动词、形容词 名词 动词 形容词 形容词 动词 形容词 副词 副词 形容词 一、动词 → 名词(拓展:反义延伸+多义变形) 1. teach → teacher(老师,职业)/ teaching(教学,动作) 2. work → worker(工人,职业)/ work(工作,动作,不可数)/ works(作品,可数,多义延伸) 3. visit → visitor(游客,职业)/ visit(访问,动作,可数/不可数) 4. invent → inventor(发明家,人)/ invention(发明,物)/ inventiveness(创造力,延伸) 5. operate → operation(手术/操作,动作)/ operator(操作员,人)/ operational(形容词,延伸) 6. discuss → discussion(讨论,动作),搭配:have a discussion about sth. 7. pronounce → pronunciation(发音,易错:不双写n),搭配:improve one’s pronunciation 8. decide → decision(决定,易错:去e+ision),搭配:make a decision to do sth. / reach a decision 9. agree → agreement(同意)/ disagreement(不同意,反义延伸),搭配:reach an agreement 10. develop → development(发展,动作)/ developer(开发者,人)/ developmental(形容词,延伸) 11. treat → treatment(治疗/对待,动作)/ treat(款待,名词,延伸),搭配:medical treatment 12. invite → invitation(邀请,动作),搭配:accept/decline an invitation 13. introduce → introduction(介绍,易错:去e+ction),搭配:give an introduction to sth. 14. pollute → pollution(污染,动作)/ pollutant(污染物,物)/ polluter(污染者,人) 15. communicate → communication(交流,动作),搭配:effective communication 16. appear → appearance(出现/外貌)/ disappearance(消失,反义延伸),辨析:appearance表“外貌”时为不可数 17. die → death(死亡,动作)/ dying(垂死的,形容词)/ deathly(副词)/ deceased(死者,延伸名词) 18. succeed → success(成功,动作,不可数/可数)/ successful(形容词)/ successor(继承者,人)/ successfulness(成功,延伸) 19. perform → performance(表演,动作)/ performer(表演者,人)/ performing(形容词,延伸) 20. solve → solution(解决办法,物),搭配:a solution to the problem(易错:介词to) 21. choose → choice(选择,易错:去e+ice),搭配:make a choice / have no choice but to do 22. speak → speech(演讲,动作)/ speaker(演讲者/扬声器,人/物)/ speaking(口语,延伸) 23. heal → health(健康,物)/ healthy(形容词)/ healer(治疗者,人) 24. learn → learner(学习者,人)/ learning(学习,动作),搭配:lifelong learning 25. write → writer(作家,人)/ writing(写作,动作)/ works(作品,延伸,同work多义) 26. read → reader(读者,人)/ reading(阅读,动作),搭配:reading comprehension 27. paint → painter(画家,人)/ painting(绘画,作品)/ paint(颜料,名词,延伸) 28. dance → dancer(舞者,人)/ dance(舞蹈,动作/作品) 29. sing → singer(歌手,人)/ singing(歌唱,动作)/ song(歌曲,延伸名词) 30. think → thought(想法,不规则变形,可数)/ thinking(思考,动作) 31. build → building(建筑物,物)/ builder(建筑工人,人)/ construction(建造,同义延伸) 32. begin → beginning(开始,双写n,易错:漏写双写n),搭配:at the beginning of 33. end → ending(结尾,动作/结局)/ end(结束,动作,名词),搭配:in the end 34. argue → argument(争论,去e+ment,易错:不去e直接加ment) 35. apologize → apology(道歉,去e+y),搭配:make an apology to sb. 36. admire → admiration(钦佩,动作),搭配:express admiration for sb. 37. apply → application(申请,动作)/ applicant(申请人,人),搭配:apply for(动词搭配)/ an application for(名词搭配) 38. approve → approval(批准,动作)/ disapproval(反对,反义延伸) 39. arrange → arrangement(安排,动作),搭配:make arrangements for 40. complain → complaint(抱怨,易错:去ain+aint),搭配:make a complaint about 41. contribute → contribution(贡献,动作),搭配:make a contribution to(to为介词,接doing) 42. cook → cook(厨师,人)/ cooking(烹饪,动作)/ cuisine(菜肴,延伸) 43. direct → director(导演,人)/ direction(方向,物)/ directive(指示,延伸) 二、名词 → 动词(拓展:固定搭配+语境辨析) 1. communication → communicate(交流),搭配:communicate with sb. / communicate sth. to sb. 2. information → inform(告知,通知),搭配:inform sb. of sth.(高频搭配,易错:介词of) 3. invitation → invite(邀请),搭配:invite sb. to do sth. / invite sb. to a place 4. introduction → introduce(介绍),搭配:introduce sb. to sb. / introduce sth. to sb. 5. education → educate(教育),搭配:educate sb. to do sth. / educate sb. about sth. 6. decision → decide(决定),搭配:decide to do sth. / decide on sth. 7. discussion → discuss(讨论),搭配:discuss sth. with sb.(易错:discuss为及物动词,不接about) 8. action → act(行动;扮演),搭配:act on sth.(行动)/ act as(扮演)/ act out(表演) 9. attention → attend(参加;照料),搭配:attend a meeting(参加)/ attend to sb./sth.(照料) 10. operation → operate(动手术;操作),搭配:operate on sb.(给某人做手术,常考)/ operate a machine(操作机器) 11. invention → invent(发明),搭配:invent sth. / invent a new method 12. pollution → pollute(污染),搭配:pollute the air/water/soil 13. development → develop(发展),搭配:develop into(发展成为)/ develop a habit(培养习惯)/ develop technology(发展技术) 14. agreement → agree(同意),搭配:agree with sb.(同意某人)/ agree to sth.(同意某事)/ agree on sth.(达成一致) 15. treatment → treat(治疗;对待),搭配:treat sb. well(善待某人)/ treat a disease(治疗疾病)/ treat sth. as(把……当作) 16. solution → solve(解决),搭配:solve a problem / solve a puzzle 17. death → die(死亡),搭配:die of(死于内因)/ die from(死于外因)/ die out(灭绝) 18. success → succeed(成功),搭配:succeed in doing sth.(固定搭配,易错:in+doing) 19. speech → speak(说;讲),搭配:speak English(说语言)/ speak to sb.(和某人说话)/ speak out(直言) 20. choice → choose(选择),搭配:choose to do sth. / choose between A and B / choose sb. as(选某人作为) 21. breath → breathe(呼吸,e结尾易错,易错:漏写e,写成breath),搭配:breathe in(吸气)/ breathe out(呼气) 22. safety → save(拯救;节省),搭配:save sb. from(从……拯救某人)/ save time/money(节省时间/钱) 23. courage → encourage(鼓励),搭配:encourage sb. to do sth.(高频搭配) 24. difference → differ(不同,去e+er),搭配:differ from(与……不同)/ differ in(在……方面不同) 25. devotion → devote(奉献,进阶新增),搭配:devote oneself to doing sth.(中考高频,to为介词) 26. achievement → achieve(实现,进阶新增),搭配:achieve a goal / achieve success 三、名词 → 形容词(拓展:后缀辨析+易混对比) 1. care → careful(仔细的)/ careless(粗心的),辨析:careful表主动细心,careless表被动粗心,搭配:be careful with sth. 2. help → helpful(有帮助的)/ helpless(无助的),搭配:be helpful to sb./sth. 3. use → useful(有用的)/ useless(无用的)/ usable(可用的,延伸),辨析:useful表“有价值”,usable表“可使用” 4. thank → thankful(感激的),搭配:be thankful to sb. for sth. 5. peace → peaceful(和平的),搭配:a peaceful country / live in peace(名词搭配) 6. danger → dangerous(危险的),搭配:be dangerous to sb./sth.,辨析:danger为名词,dangerous为形容词 7. nature → natural(自然的)/ naturally(副词,延伸),搭配:natural resources(自然资源) 8. person → personal(个人的)/ personality(性格,延伸名词),辨析:personal表“个人的”(如personal information) 9. pride → proud(骄傲的)/ proudly(副词,延伸),搭配:be proud of sb./sth.,辨析:pride为名词(take pride in),proud为形容词 10. luck → lucky(幸运的)/ unlucky(不幸的)/ luckily(副词,延伸),搭配:be lucky to do sth. 11. health → healthy(健康的)/ unhealthy(不健康的)/ healthily(副词,延伸),搭配:keep healthy / a healthy lifestyle 12. noise → noisy(吵闹的)/ noisily(副词,延伸),搭配:a noisy room 13. sleep → sleepy(困倦的)/ asleep(睡着的)/ sleeping(正在睡觉的),辨析:sleepy表“想睡的”(状态),asleep表“睡着的”(表语),sleeping表“正在睡的”(定语) 14. wind → windy(有风的),天气类高频,搭配:a windy day 15. cloud → cloudy(多云的),搭配:a cloudy morning 16. rain → rainy(下雨的),搭配:rainy days 17. snow → snowy(下雪的),搭配:a snowy day 18. sun → sunny(晴朗的),搭配:a sunny day 19. fun → funny(滑稽的),辨析:fun为名词(have fun),funny为形容词(a funny story) 20. interest → interested(感兴趣的,修饰人)/ interesting(有趣的,修饰物/事),搭配:be interested in sth. 21. nation → national(国家的)/ international(国际的,延伸),搭配:national day(国庆节) 22. culture → cultural(文化的),搭配:cultural differences(文化差异) 23. value → valuable(有价值的),搭配:valuable advice(宝贵的建议),辨析:value为名词/动词,valuable为形容词 24. ambition → ambitious(有雄心的),中考高频,搭配:be ambitious to do sth. 25. confidence → confident(自信的),搭配:be confident in sb./sth. 26. energy → energetic(精力充沛的),搭配:an energetic person 27. environment → environmental(环境的),搭配:environmental protection(环境保护) 28. friendship → friendly(友好的,易错:friendship是名词,friendly是形容词,不可混淆),搭配:be friendly to sb. 29. harm → harmful(有害的)/ harmless(无害的),搭配:be harmful to(对……有害) 30. importance → important(重要的),搭配:it is important to do sth. 31. independence → independent(独立的,延伸),搭配:be independent of sb.(不依赖某人) 32. loneliness → lonely(孤独的,易错:lonely和alone混淆,alone表“独自”,lonely表“孤独的,情感上”) 33. music → musical(音乐的),搭配:a musical instrument(乐器) 34. patience → patient(耐心的),搭配:be patient with sb. 35. pleasure → pleasant(令人愉快的,修饰物)/ pleased(感到愉快的,修饰人),搭配:be pleased with sth. 36. power → powerful(强大的),搭配:a powerful country 37. safety → safe(安全的),搭配:be safe from(远离……安全) 38. silence → silent(沉默的),搭配:keep silent(保持沉默) 39. success → successful(成功的),搭配:be successful in doing sth. 40. truth → true(真实的),搭配:be true of(对……适用) 41. warmth → warm(温暖的),搭配:a warm smile 42. wealth → wealthy(富有的),搭配:a wealthy family 43. economy → economic(经济的)/ economical(节俭的,易混辨析),进阶新增,搭配:economic growth(经济增长)/ be economical with money(节俭用钱) 四、动词 → 形容词(拓展:语境区分+特殊变形延伸) (一)-ed(修饰人,表“感到……的”) / -ing(修饰物/事,表“令人……的”) 1. interest → interested(感兴趣的,人感到)/ interesting(有趣的,物令人),搭配:be interested in / an interesting book 2. surprise → surprised(惊讶的,人感到)/ surprising(令人惊讶的,物令人),搭配:be surprised at / a surprising result 3. excite → excited(激动的,人感到)/ exciting(令人激动的,物令人),辨析:excited表“自身激动”,exciting表“使人激动”,搭配:be excited about / an exciting match 4. relax → relaxed(放松的,人感到)/ relaxing(令人放松的,物令人),搭配:feel relaxed / a relaxing trip 5. bore → bored(无聊的,人感到)/ boring(令人无聊的,物令人),搭配:be bored with / a boring lecture 6. tire → tired(疲劳的,人感到)/ tiring(令人疲劳的,物令人),搭配:be tired of / a tiring journey 7. amaze → amazed(惊奇的,人感到)/ amazing(令人惊奇的,物令人),搭配:be amazed by / an amazing achievement 8. worry → worried(担心的,人感到)/ worrying(令人担心的,物令人),搭配:be worried about / a worrying situation 9. disappoint → disappointed(失望的,人感到)/ disappointing(令人失望的,物令人),搭配:be disappointed with / a disappointing performance (二)-ful(肯定,表“充满……的”) / -less(否定,表“无……的”) 1. help → helpful(有帮助的)/ helpless(无助的),辨析:-ful表“具有某种性质”,-less表“缺乏某种性质” 2. use → useful(有用的)/ useless(无用的),搭配:useful tools / useless advice 3. care → careful(小心的)/ careless(粗心的),搭配:be careful when doing sth. / a careless mistake 4. hope → hopeful(充满希望的)/ hopeless(无望的),搭配:be hopeful about the future / a hopeless situation 5. harm → harmful(有害的)/ harmless(无害的),搭配:harmful chemicals / harmless animals (三)特殊变形 1. break → broken(破碎的;坏了的),搭配:a broken cup / a broken heart(心碎的) 2. lose → lost(丢失的;迷路的),搭配:a lost key / get lost(迷路) 3. die → dead(死的)/ dying(垂死的),辨析:dead表“死亡状态”,dying表“垂死的,即将死亡” 4. sleep → asleep(睡着的,表状态,作表语)/ sleepy(困倦的,表感觉)/ sleeping(正在睡觉的,表动作,作定语) 5. live → alive(活着的,作表语/后置定语)/ lively(生动的;活泼的,作定语/表语)/ living(活着的,作定语),辨析:alive表“存活”,lively表“有活力”,living表“在世的” 6. speak → spoken(口头的,spoken English 英语口语) 7. fall → fallen(落下的,fallen leaves 落叶) 8. freeze → frozen(冰冻的,frozen food 冷冻食品) 9. wear → worn(磨损的,worn clothes 旧衣服) 10. know → known(著名的,well-known 众所周知的),搭配:a well-known writer 11. bite → bitten(被咬的,易错:过去分词不写bited),搭配:a bitten finger 12. hide → hidden(隐藏的,易错:过去分词不写hided),搭配:a hidden treasure(宝藏) 13. write → written(被写的;书面的),搭配:written English(书面英语)/ a written letter 五、形容词 → 副词(+ly 规则,拓展:易混辨析+语境搭配) 核心考点:延续基础版拼写易错点,新增易混副词辨析(如hard/hardly、late/lately),补充多音节词变形、同形副词的语境差异,结合中考语法填空、完形填空的固定搭配(如take sth. seriously),标注口语与书面语差异,提升用词准确性。 (一)规则变形(直接+ly / 辅音+y变i+ly / 去e+ly) 1. real → really(易错点:去e+ly),搭配:really good / really like 2. true → truly(易错点:去e+ly,不是trueely,易错高频),搭配:truly believe / truly sorry 3. easy → easily(辅音+y变i+ly),搭配:easily finish / easily understand 4. happy → happily(辅音+y变i+ly),搭配:live happily / smile happily 5. heavy → heavily(辅音+y变i+ly,常考搭配:rain heavily 下大雨 / snow heavily) 6. angry → angrily(辅音+y变i+ly),搭配:shout angrily / speak angrily 7. polite → politely(去e+ly),搭配:speak politely / behave politely 8. usual → usually,搭配:usually go to school / as usual(像往常一样,名词搭配) 9. sudden → suddenly(去e+ly,常考搭配:suddenly it began to rain / a sudden change(名词)) 10. recent → recently(去e+ly,现完标志词),搭配:have recently done sth. 11. quick → quickly,搭配:run quickly / answer quickly 12. slow → slowly,搭配:walk slowly / speak slowly 13. clear → clearly(去e+ly,常考:speak clearly 说清楚),搭配:see clearly / explain clearly 14. careful → carefully,搭配:do homework carefully / drive carefully 15. careless → carelessly,搭配:make mistakes carelessly 16. helpful → helpfully,搭配:help sb. helpfully 17. beautiful → beautifully(多音节词,直接+ly),搭配:sing beautifully / dance beautifully 18. wonderful → wonderfully,搭配:perform wonderfully 19. successful → successfully(多音节词,直接+ly),搭配:finish the task successfully 20. harmful → harmfully,搭配:affect the environment harmfully 21. useful → usefully,搭配:use the tool usefully 22. noisy → noisily,搭配:talk noisily in class(常考易错场景) 23. healthy → healthily,搭配:eat healthily / live healthily 24. lucky → luckily,搭配:luckily, he passed the exam(句首状语,常考) 25. proud → proudly,搭配:speak proudly / hold up the medal proudly 26. quiet → quietly,搭配:sit quietly / read quietly 27. safe → safely,搭配:arrive safely / cross the road safely 28. simple → simply(去e+ly),搭配:simply say / simply a mistake 29. terrible → terribly,搭配:feel terribly sorry / terribly cold 30. different → differently(多音节词,直接+ly),搭配:think differently / do things differently 31. important → importantly(多音节词,直接+ly),搭配:more importantly(更重要的是,书面语常用) 32. patient → patiently,搭配:wait patiently / explain patiently (二)易混副词辨析 1. hard(努力地;猛烈地) vs hardly(几乎不),辨析:hard表“动作程度”,hardly表“否定含义”,搭配:work hard(努力学习)/ hardly eat(几乎不吃) 2. late(晚;迟) vs lately(最近,近来),辨析:late表“时间晚”,lately表“时间范围”,搭配:get up late(起晚)/ have not seen him lately(最近没见过他) 3. good(形容词,好的) vs well(副词,好地;形容词,身体好),辨析:good修饰名词,well修饰动词/表身体状况,搭配:a good student / sing well / feel well 4. fast(快地,指速度) vs soon(很快,指时间),辨析:fast侧重“速度快”,soon侧重“时间近”,搭配:run fast / come soon 5. wide(宽地,指范围) vs widely(广泛地,指程度),辨析:wide表“具体范围宽”,widely表“抽象程度广”,搭配:open the door wide / be widely known(众所周知) 6. deep(深地,指具体深度) vs deeply(深深地,指抽象情感),辨析:deep表“具体深度”,deeply表“抽象情感”,搭配:dig deep / love deeply(深爱) (三)特殊变形 1. fast → fast(同形),搭配:run fast / fast food(名词短语) 2. late → late(同形),搭配:arrive late / late night(深夜) 3. hard → hard(同形),搭配:work hard / hard work(名词短语) 4. early → early(同形),搭配:get up early / early morning(清晨) 5. near → near(同形),搭配:live near / near the park(介词短语) 6. far → far(同形),搭配:go far / far away(遥远的) 7. high → high(同形),搭配:jump high / high in the sky(在空中高处) 8. low → low(同形),搭配:speak low / low temperature(低温) 六、形容词 → 名词(拓展:反义延伸+易混辨析) 1. happy → happiness(幸福,易错:辅音+y变i+ness),搭配:the happiness of children / bring happiness to sb. 2. sad → sadness(悲伤),搭配:fill with sadness / hide one’s sadness 3. angry → anger(愤怒,易错:去y变i+er,不写angriness),搭配:show anger / control anger 4. hungry → hunger(饥饿),搭配:suffer from hunger / satisfy one’s hunger 5. thirsty → thirst(口渴),搭配:quench one’s thirst(解渴)/ a thirst for knowledge(渴望知识) 6. healthy → health(健康,易错:去y变i+th),搭配:keep healthy(形容词)/ keep in good health(名词) 7. wealthy → wealth(财富,易错:去y变i+th),搭配:a wealthy family(形容词)/ a lot of wealth(名词) 8. lucky → luck(运气),搭配:be lucky to do(形容词)/ good luck(名词) 9. unlucky → bad luck(坏运气,反义延伸),搭配:have bad luck 10. careful → carefulness(细心),搭配:do sth. with carefulness 11. careless → carelessness(粗心,反义延伸),搭配:make mistakes because of carelessness(中考常考语境) 12. helpful → helpfulness(乐于助人),搭配:praise sb. for his helpfulness 13. helpless → helplessness(无助),搭配:show helplessness in face of difficulties 14. useful → usefulness(用处),搭配:the usefulness of the book 15. useless → uselessness(无用),搭配:realize the uselessness of the old machine 16. dangerous → danger(危险,易错:去ous+er),搭配:be dangerous(形容词)/ be in danger(名词,常考) 17. safe → safety(安全,易错:去e+ty),搭配:be safe(形容词)/ ensure safety(名词)/ traffic safety(交通安全,常考) 18. important → importance(重要性,易错:去t+ce),搭配:it is important to do(形容词)/ the importance of study(名词,常考) 19. different → difference(差异,易错:去t+ce),搭配:be different from(形容词)/ the difference between A and B(名词,高频) 20. difficult → difficulty(困难,易错:去t+y),搭配:be difficult to do(形容词)/ have difficulty (in) doing sth.(名词,固定搭配) 21. easy → ease(容易,易错:去y+se),搭配:be easy to do(形容词)/ do sth. with ease(名词) 22. beautiful → beauty(美丽),搭配:a beautiful girl(形容词)/ the beauty of nature(名词) 23. wonderful → wonder(奇迹;惊奇),搭配:a wonderful show(形容词)/ a wonder of the world(名词) 24. successful → success(成功),搭配:be successful in doing(形容词)/ achieve success(名词) 25. failed → failure(失败,反义延伸),搭配:a failed attempt(形容词)/ face failure bravely(名词) 26. kind → kindness(善良),搭配:be kind to sb.(形容词)/ show kindness to others(名词) 27. polite → politeness(礼貌),搭配:be polite to sb.(形容词)/ speak with politeness(名词) 28. impolite → impoliteness(无礼,反义延伸),搭配:avoid impoliteness 29. quiet → quietness(安静),搭配:be quiet(形容词)/ enjoy the quietness of the night 30. noisy → noise(噪音,易错:去y变i+se),搭配:be noisy(形容词)/ make noise(名词,常考) 31. brave → bravery(勇敢),搭配:be brave enough to do(形容词)/ praise sb. for his bravery 32. afraid → fear(害怕,易错:不写afraidness),搭配:be afraid of(形容词)/ have a fear of(名词) 33. confident → confidence(自信),搭配:be confident in(形容词)/ build up confidence(建立自信,常考) 34. energetic → energy(精力),搭配:an energetic person(形容词)/ full of energy(名词) 35. patient → patience(耐心),搭配:be patient with(形容词)/ have patience with(名词) 36. impatient → impatience(不耐烦,反义延伸),搭配:show impatience 37. honest → honesty(诚实),搭配:be honest(形容词)/ honesty is the best policy(谚语,常考书面表达) 38. dishonest → dishonesty(不诚实,反义延伸),搭配:avoid dishonesty 39. strong → strength(力量,易错:去ng+th),搭配:be strong(形容词)/ physical strength(体力)/ mental strength(意志力) 40. weak → weakness(虚弱;弱点,反义延伸),搭配:be weak in(形容词)/ find one’s weakness(找到自己的弱点,常考) 41. long → length(长度,易错:去g+th),搭配:be long(形容词)/ the length of the river(名词) 42. short → shortness(短;短处,反义延伸),搭配:the shortness of time(时间紧迫) 七、形容词 → 反义词(拓展:前缀辨析+语境适配) (一)前缀un-(最通用,接单音节/多音节形容词,中考高频) 1. happy → unhappy(不开心的,易错:双写p),搭配:feel unhappy / an unhappy day 2. lucky → unlucky(不幸的),搭配:an unlucky boy / be unlucky to do sth. 3. healthy → unhealthy(不健康的),搭配:unhealthy food / an unhealthy lifestyle(常考) 4. helpful → unhelpful(无帮助的),搭配:an unhelpful suggestion 5. useful → useless(无用的,特殊:不用unuseful,易错高频),搭配:a useless tool 6. usual → unusual(不寻常的,常考),搭配:an unusual experience / unusual weather 7. comfortable → uncomfortable(不舒服的),搭配:an uncomfortable chair / feel uncomfortable 8. forgettable → unforgettable(难忘的,常考书面表达),搭配:an unforgettable trip 9. expected → unexpected(出乎意料的),搭配:an unexpected result(常考完形) 10. friendly → unfriendly(不友好的),搭配:be unfriendly to sb. 11. kind → unkind(不善良的),搭配:be unkind to animals 12. fair → unfair(不公平的,常考),搭配:an unfair decision / unfair treatment 13. necessary → unnecessary(不必要的),搭配:unnecessary work / it is unnecessary to do sth. 14. important → unimportant(不重要的),搭配:an unimportant detail 15. popular → unpopular(不受欢迎的),搭配:an unpopular idea 16. successful → unsuccessful(不成功的),搭配:an unsuccessful attempt 17. able → unable(不能的,常考搭配:be unable to do sth.) 18. certain → uncertain(不确定的),搭配:be uncertain about the future 19. clear → unclear(不清楚的),搭配:an unclear explanation 20. easy → uneasy(不安的,特殊:不写uneasy表“不容易”,easy反义“difficult”),辨析:uneasy表“情感不安”,difficult表“事情困难” (二)前缀in-(接多音节形容词,表“不”,中考高频) 1. active → inactive(不活跃的),搭配:an inactive student / inactive lifestyle 2. direct → indirect(间接的),搭配:an indirect answer / indirect influence 3. dependent → independent(独立的,常考),搭配:be independent of sb. / an independent child 4. expensive → inexpensive(不贵的,同义:cheap,书面语常用),搭配:inexpensive clothes 5. formal → informal(非正式的),搭配:informal clothes / informal talk 6. possible → impossible(不可能的,常考),搭配:it is impossible to do sth. / an impossible task 7. probable → improbable(不大可能的),搭配:an improbable story 8. proper → improper(不合适的),搭配:improper behavior / improper words 9. regular → irregular(不规律的,常考),搭配:irregular work hours / irregular eating habits 10. responsible → irresponsible(不负责任的),搭配:an irresponsible person (三)前缀im-(接以p/b/m开头的形容词,表“不”,易错高频) 1. polite → impolite(不礼貌的,易错:不用unpolite),搭配:be impolite to sb. / impolite words 2. patient → impatient(不耐烦的,易错:不用unpatient),搭配:be impatient with sb. 3. possible → impossible(补充:也可接im-,最常用),搭配:it is impossible to finish on time 4. perfect → imperfect(不完美的),搭配:an imperfect plan / imperfect life 5. pure → impure(不纯的),搭配:impure water 6. balanced → imbalanced(不平衡的),搭配:an imbalanced diet(不均衡饮食,常考) (四)前缀dis-(接少数高频形容词,表“不”) 1. honest → dishonest(不诚实的,易错:不用unhonest),搭配:a dishonest person / dishonest words 2. honorable → dishonorable(不光彩的),搭配:a dishonorable act 3. loyal → disloyal(不忠诚的),搭配:be disloyal to sb. (五)无前缀,直接变反义(中考高频,易混辨析) 1. happy → sad(不开心的,辨析:unhappy是“不开心”,sad是“悲伤”,程度不同) 2. easy → difficult / hard(困难的,常考),搭配:an easy task → a difficult task 3. big → small(小的)/ large → small(常考),搭配:a big house → a small house 4. long → short(短的,常考),搭配:a long time → a short time 5. high → low(低的,常考),搭配:a high mountain → a low hill / high temperature → low temperature 6. tall → short(矮的),搭配:a tall boy → a short boy 7. fat → thin(瘦的),搭配:a fat cat → a thin cat 8. strong → weak(虚弱的,常考),搭配:a strong man → a weak man 9. fast → slow(慢的,常考),搭配:a fast runner → a slow runner 10. early → late(晚的,常考),搭配:get up early → get up late 11. new → old(旧的;老的,常考),搭配:a new book → an old book / a new friend → an old friend 12. young → old(老的),搭配:a young man → an old man 13. good → bad(坏的,常考),搭配:a good idea → a bad idea 14. well → ill / sick(生病的),搭配:feel well → feel ill 15. clean → dirty(脏的,常考),搭配:a clean room → a dirty room 16. wet → dry(干的,常考),搭配:wet clothes → dry clothes 17. hot → cold(冷的,常考),搭配:hot weather → cold weather 18. warm → cool(凉爽的),搭配:warm water → cool water 19. bright → dark(黑暗的),搭配:a bright room → a dark room 20. light → heavy(重的,常考),搭配:a light bag → a heavy bag 八、动词 → 反义词(拓展:前缀辨析+不规则反义) 核心考点:延续基础版“前缀+动词”(un-/dis-)考点,新增前缀用法差异(un-表“逆转动作”,dis-表“否定动作”),补充中考高频不规则动词反义词,标注易错前缀拼写、固定搭配,结合短文填空、语法填空语境,区分“动作逆转”与“动作否定”的差异。 (一)前缀un-(表“逆转动作”,即“撤销、恢复到原来状态”) 1. do → undo(撤销;解开,易错:双写n),搭配:undo a mistake(纠正错误)/ undo a knot(解开绳结) 2. tie → untie(解开;松开),搭配:untie the rope(解开绳子)/ untie the shoelaces(解开鞋带) 3. lock → unlock(解锁;打开),搭配:unlock the door(开门锁)/ unlock the phone(解锁手机) 4. fold → unfold(展开;打开),搭配:unfold a map(展开地图)/ unfold a letter(拆开信件) 5. cover → uncover(揭开;发现),搭配:uncover the truth(揭露真相)/ uncover the box(揭开盒子盖子) 6. load → unload(卸载;卸下),搭配:unload the goods(卸下货物)/ unload the truck(卸载卡车) 7. pack → unpack( unpack(拆开包装;整理行李),搭配:unpack the suitcase(整理行李箱)/ unpack the gifts(拆开礼物包装) 8. wrap → unwrap(拆开包装),搭配:unwrap a present(拆开礼物),常考完形填空语境 9. fasten → unfasten(解开;松开),搭配:unfasten the seat belt(解开安全带)/ unfasten the button(解开纽扣) (二)前缀dis-(表“否定动作”,即“不做某事、相反动作”,中考高频) 1. agree → disagree(不同意),搭配:disagree with sb.(不同意某人)/ disagree on sth.(在某事上有分歧),易错:去e+dis-) 2. like → dislike(不喜欢),搭配:dislike doing sth.(不喜欢做某事)/ dislike sth.(不喜欢某物) 3. obey → disobey(不服从;违反),搭配:disobey the rules(违反规则,常考)/ disobey orders(不服从命令) 4. appear → disappear(消失),搭配:disappear suddenly(突然消失)/ disappear from sight(从视线中消失) 5. appoint → disappoint(使失望),搭配:disappoint sb.(让某人失望)/ be disappointed with(感到失望),易错:拼写混淆) 6. continue → discontinue(停止;中断),搭配:discontinue the work(中断工作)/ discontinue a service(停止服务) 7. believe → disbelieve(不相信;怀疑),搭配:disbelieve his words(不相信他的话) 8. trust → distrust(不信任;怀疑),搭配:distrust sb.(不信任某人),辨析:distrust侧重“怀疑可靠性”,disbelieve侧重“不相信事实” 9. approve → disapprove(不批准;反对),搭配:disapprove of sth.(反对某事)/ disapprove of sb.’s behavior(反对某人的行为) 10. honor → dishonor(使蒙羞;不尊重),搭配:dishonor one’s family(让家人蒙羞) (三)无前缀,直接变反义(中考高频,不规则反义,必背) 1. buy → sell(买→卖,常考),搭配:buy sth. from sb.(从某人那里买某物)/ sell sth. to sb.(把某物卖给某人) 2. borrow → lend(借进→借出,易混辨析,高频),搭配:borrow sth. from sb.(向某人借某物)/ lend sth. to sb.(把某物借给某人) 3. give → take(给→拿,常考),搭配:give sb. sth.(给某人某物)/ take sth. from sb.(从某人那里拿某物) 4. receive → send(收到→发送,常考),搭配:receive a letter(收到一封信)/ send a letter(寄一封信) 5. go → come(去→来,常考),搭配:go to school(去上学)/ come to school(来学校) 6. arrive → leave(到达→离开,常考),搭配:arrive at/in(到达某地)/ leave for(动身去某地) 7. enter → exit(进入→离开;退出),搭配:enter the room(进入房间)/ exit the building(离开大楼) 8. start → stop(开始→停止,常考),搭配:start to do sth.(开始做某事)/ stop doing sth.(停止做某事) 9. begin → end(开始→结束,常考),搭配:begin with(以……开始)/ end with(以……结束) 10. open → close(打开→关闭,常考),搭配:open the door(开门)/ close the door(关门) 11. turn on → turn off(打开→关闭,电器类高频),搭配:turn on the light(开灯)/ turn off the light(关灯) 12. turn up → turn down(调大→调小,音量/温度类高频),搭配:turn up the radio(调大收音机音量)/ turn down the radio(调小收音机音量) 13. rise → fall(上升→下降,常考),搭配:the sun rises(太阳升起)/ the sun falls(太阳落下)/ prices rise/fall(价格上涨/下跌) 14. stand → sit(站→坐,常考),搭配:stand up(站起来)/ sit down(坐下) 15. sleep → wake(睡觉→醒来,常考),搭配:go to sleep(去睡觉)/ wake up(醒来) 16. remember → forget(记得→忘记,常考),搭配:remember to do sth.(记得要做某事)/ forget to do sth.(忘记要做某事) 17. accept → refuse(接受→拒绝,常考),搭配:accept an invitation(接受邀请)/ refuse an invitation(拒绝邀请) 18. allow → forbid(允许→禁止,进阶新增),搭配:allow sb. to do sth.(允许某人做某事)/ forbid sb. to do sth.(禁止某人做某事) 19. encourage → discourage(鼓励→使气馁,反义延伸),搭配:encourage sb. to do(鼓励某人做)/ discourage sb. from doing(阻止某人做) (四)中考易错提醒 1. 注意un-和dis-的区别:un-是“逆转动作”(如tie绑→untie解开,动作可逆),dis-是“否定动作”(如agree同意→disagree不同意,动作相反); 2. 易混动词反义词(borrow/lend、buy/sell)是中考完形、短文填空高频考点,重点记搭配和语境差异; 3. 部分动词反义词有两种形式(如appear→disappear/vanish),优先记中考高频的disappear,vanish作为延伸了解即可。 九、副词 → 反义词(拓展:前缀辨析+语境适配) 核心考点:延续前文前缀用法,聚焦中考高频副词反义词,新增前缀un-/dis-在副词中的应用,补充易混副词反义词辨析(如already→yet、almost→hardly),标注易错拼写、固定搭配,结合语法填空、完形填空语境,区分口语与书面语差异,贴合中考考点。 (一)前缀un-(最通用,接高频副词,表“不”,中考高频) 1. happily → unhappily(不开心地),搭配:smile unhappily(不开心地笑)/ speak unhappily(不开心地说) 2. luckily → unluckily(不幸地),搭配:unluckily, he missed the bus(不幸的是,他错过了公交车),句首状语常考 3. carefully → carelessly(粗心地,反义延伸),搭配:do homework carelessly(粗心地做作业),常考完形易错点 4. helpfully → unhelpfully(无帮助地),搭配:answer unhelpfully(无帮助地回答) 5. politely → impolitely(不礼貌地,易错:不用unpolitely,延续形容词前缀im-用法),搭配:speak impolitely(不礼貌地说话) 6. quietly → noisily(吵闹地,无前缀,直接反义,高频),搭配:talk noisily(吵闹地交谈)/ walk noisily(吵闹地走路) 7. slowly → quickly / fast(快速地,两种反义形式,均为中考高频),搭配:walk quickly(快速地走)/ run fast(快速地跑) 8. clearly → unclearly(不清楚地),搭配:speak unclearly(说话不清楚)/ explain unclearly(解释不清楚) 9. easily → hardly / with difficulty(几乎不/困难地,反义延伸),搭配:hardly finish(几乎完不成)/ finish with difficulty(困难地完成) 10. successfully → unsuccessfully(不成功地),搭配:finish the task unsuccessfully(未成功完成任务) 11. usually → unusually(不寻常地),搭配:it rains unusually heavily today(今天雨下得异常大) 12. recently → not recently(最近没有,无对应unrecently,中考易错提醒),搭配:I have not seen him recently(我最近没见过他) (二)前缀dis-(接少数高频副词,表“不”,中考低频,重点记) 1. agreeably → disagreeably(不愉快地),搭配:smile disagreeably(不愉快地笑) 2. honestly → dishonestly(不诚实地),搭配:speak dishonestly(不诚实地说话),常考书面表达语境 (三)无前缀,直接变反义(中考高频,易混辨析,必背) 1. already → yet(已经→还未,常考时态搭配),辨析:already用于肯定句,yet用于否定句/疑问句末尾,搭配:I have already finished(我已经做完了)/ I have not finished yet(我还没做完) 2. almost → hardly(几乎→几乎不,反义辨析),搭配:almost finish(几乎做完)/ hardly finish(几乎完不成) 3. ever → never(曾经→从不,常考),搭配:Have you ever been there?(你去过那里吗?)/ I have never been there(我从没去过那里) 4. here → there(这里→那里,常考),搭配:come here(过来)/ go there(过去) 5. up → down(向上→向下,常考),搭配:jump up(向上跳)/ jump down(向下跳)/ turn up(调大)/ turn down(调小) 6. in → out(在里面→在外面,常考),搭配:come in(进来)/ go out(出去)/ take in(吸收)/ take out(拿出) 7. inside → outside(在内部→在外部),搭配:wait inside(在里面等)/ wait outside(在外面等) 8. together → apart(一起→分开,进阶新增),搭配:work together(一起工作)/ live apart(分开住) 9. early → late(早→晚,常考),搭配:get up early(早起)/ get up late(晚起) 10. fast → slowly(快→慢,常考),搭配:run fast(跑得快)/ run slowly(跑得慢) 11. well → badly(好→差,常考修饰动词),搭配:sing well(唱得好)/ sing badly(唱得差) 12. much → little(很多→很少,修饰不可数名词)/ many → few(很多→很少,修饰可数名词),易混辨析,中考高频,搭配:much water(很多水)/ little water(很少水)/ many books(很多书)/ few books(很少书) (四)中考易错提醒(必背) 1. 部分副词无对应“un-+副词”形式(如recently→无unrecently),需用“not+副词”表达反义,避免拼写错误; 2. already/yet、almost/hardly是中考语法填空、完形填空高频易混点,重点记时态搭配和语境差异; 3. much/little、many/few既要记反义关系,也要区分修饰可数/不可数名词的用法,避免搭配错误。 十、数词 → 相关词性变形(序数词/副词/形容词,中考高频) 核心考点:聚焦中考高频数词,补充基数词→序数词的易错变形、数词→形容词(表“……倍”“第……”)、数词→副词的用法,标注易错拼写(如five→fifth)、固定搭配(如twice a week),结合语法填空、书面表达语境(如日期、倍数、次数),贴合中考考点,强化易错点记忆。 (一)基数词 → 序数词(中考高频,易错变形,必背) 1. 1. one → first(第一,缩写:1st,易错:不写oneth),搭配:the first day(第一天)/ on the first of January(一月一日) 2. 2. two → second(第二,缩写:2nd,易错:不写twoth),搭配:the second lesson(第二课)/ the second time(第二次) 3. 3. three → third(第三,缩写:3rd,易错:不写threeth),搭配:the third floor(三楼) 4. 4. four → fourth(第四,缩写:4th,易错:去u+th),搭配:the fourth month(第四个月,即四月) 5. 5. five → fifth(第五,缩写:5th,易错:去ve+fth),搭配:the fifth day(第五天) 6. 6. six → sixth(第六,缩写:6th,易错:双写x+th),搭配:the sixth grade(六年级) 7. 7. seven → seventh(第七,缩写:7th),搭配:the seventh week(第七周) 8. 8. eight → eighth(第八,缩写:8th,易错:去t+h,不写eightth),搭配:the eighth day(第八天) 9. 9. nine → ninth(第九,缩写:9th,易错:去e+th,不写nineth),搭配:the ninth month(第九个月,即九月) 10. 10. ten → tenth(第十,缩写:10th),搭配:the tenth anniversary(十周年) 11. 11. eleven → eleventh(第十一,缩写:11th),搭配:the eleventh hour(最后时刻,延伸短语) 12. 12. twelve → twelfth(第十二,缩写:12th,易错:去ve+lfth),搭配:the twelfth day(第十二天) 13. 13. thirteen → thirteenth(第十三,缩写:13th),搭配:the thirteenth birthday(十三岁生日) 14. 14. fourteen → fourteenth(第十四,缩写:14th) 15. 15. fifteen → fifteenth(第十五,缩写:15th) 16. 16. sixteen → sixteenth(第十六,缩写:16th) 17. 17. seventeen → seventeenth(第十七,缩写:17th) 18. 18. eighteen → eighteenth(第十八,缩写:18th) 19. 19. nineteen → nineteenth(第十九,缩写:19th) 20. 20. twenty → twentieth(第二十,缩写:20th,易错:去y+tieth),搭配:the twentieth century(二十世纪) 21. 21. twenty-one → twenty-first(第二十一,缩写:21st,易错:只变最后一个数词),搭配:the twenty-first of May(五月二十一日) 22. 22. twenty-two → twenty-second(第二十二,缩写:22nd) 23. 23. twenty-three → twenty-third(第二十三,缩写:23rd) 24. 30. thirty → thirtieth(第三十,缩写:30th,易错:去y+tieth) 25. 40. forty → fortieth(第四十,缩写:40th,易错:去u+y+tieth) 26. 50. fifty → fiftieth(第五十,缩写:50th,易错:去ve+f+tieth) 27. 60. sixty → sixtieth(第六十,缩写:60th) 28. 70. seventy → seventieth(第七十,缩写:70th) 29. 80. eighty → eightieth(第八十,缩写:80th) 30. 90. ninety → ninetieth(第九十,缩写:90th) 31. 100. one hundred → one hundredth(第一百,缩写:100th),搭配:the one hundredth page(第一百页) (二)数词 → 形容词(表“……倍的”“第……的”,中考高频) 1. one → first(第一的)/ single(单一的,延伸),搭配:the first prize(一等奖)/ a single room(单人间) 2. two → second(第二的)/ double(双倍的,延伸,高频),搭配:a double room(双人间)/ double the size(两倍大) 3. three → third(第三的)/ triple(三倍的,延伸),搭配:triple the amount(三倍的数量) 4. four → fourth(第四的)/ fourfold(四倍的,延伸) 5. five → fifth(第五的)/ fivefold(五倍的,延伸) 6. ten → tenth(第十的)/ tenfold(十倍的,延伸)/ ten-year-old(十岁的,复合形容词,常考),搭配:a ten-year-old boy(一个十岁的男孩) 7. twenty → twentieth(第二十的)/ twenty-year-old(二十岁的,复合形容词) (三)数词 → 副词(表“……次”“第……”,中考高频) 1. one → once(一次;曾经,高频),搭配:once a week(一周一次,频率表达,常考)/ once upon a time(从前,故事开头) 2. two → twice(两次;两倍,高频,易错:不写two times),搭配:twice a month(一个月两次)/ twice as big as(是……的两倍大,倍数表达,常考) 3. three → three times(三次;三倍),搭配:three times a year(一年三次)/ three times as much as(是……的三倍多) 4. four → four times(四次;四倍),搭配:four times a day(一天四次) 5. first → first(首先,副词,高频),搭配:first, we need to prepare(首先,我们需要准备) 6. second → second(其次,副词,高频),搭配:second, we should practice more(其次,我们应该多练习) 7. third → third(第三,副词),搭配:third, don’t forget to check(第三,别忘了检查) (四)中考易错提醒(必背) 1. 序数词缩写需注意后缀(1st、2nd、3rd,4th及以后用th),书面表达中日期常用序数词,如June 1st(六月一日); 2. 倍数表达是中考高频:twice as+形容词原级+as(两倍大),three times as+形容词原级+as(三倍大),避免写成two times; 3. 复合形容词(如ten-year-old)中,数词、连字符、名词单数连用,不能写成ten-years-old,常考完形填空; 4. 注意区分“次数”和“倍数”:once/twice/three times 既表次数,也表倍数,结合语境判断。 Part 1 词汇变形100道巩固训练题 说明:题目涵盖十大类词汇变形,贴合中考难度,侧重易错点、固定搭配和语境应用。 一、根据句意及所给词的适当形式填空(基础50题) 1. We should have a ________ (discuss) about the problem before making a decision.(动词→名词) 2. The scientist’s ________ (invent) has changed our daily life a lot.(动词→名词) 3. My mother always tells me to improve my ________ (pronounce) when I speak English.(动词→名词) 4. He made a wrong ________ (decide) because he didn’t think carefully.(动词→名词) 5. The ________ (develop) of AI technology is getting faster and faster.(动词→名词) 6. She received an ________ (invite) to the party yesterday.(动词→名词) 7. We should protect the environment to reduce ________ (pollute).(动词→名词) 8. His ________ (appear) made everyone in the room surprised.(动词→名词) 9. The doctor gave him some advice on how to keep ________ (health).(动词→形容词) 10. The ________ (die) of his pet dog made him very sad.(动词→名词) 11. She is a famous ________ (write) and she has written many books.(动词→名词) 12. His ________ (perform) in the concert won a lot of praise.(动词→名词) 13. We need to find a ________ (solve) to this difficult problem.(动词→名词) 14. He has no ________ (choose) but to finish the work on time.(动词→名词) 15. The ________ (begin) of the story is very interesting.(动词→名词) 16. We should communicate with our parents ________ (regular).(名词→副词) 17. The teacher asked us to ________ (introduction) ourselves in English.(名词→动词) 18. He failed to ________ (inform) us of the change of the plan.(名词→动词) 19. We should ________ (education) our children to be kind to others.(名词→动词) 20. She ________ (decision) to study abroad next year.(名词→动词) 21. They ________ (discuss) the problem for two hours yesterday.(名词→动词) 22. The doctor will ________ (operation) on the patient tomorrow.(名词→动词) 23. He ________ (success) in passing the final exam.(名词→动词) 24. Please ________ (breath) deeply and relax yourself.(名词→动词) 25. We should ________ (encourage) the children to try new things.(名词→动词) 26. It’s ________ (danger) to swim in the river alone.(名词→形容词) 27. She is a ________ (care) girl and she never makes mistakes.(名词→形容词) 28. The movie is very ________ (interest) and I want to watch it again.(名词→形容词) 29. He felt ________ (surprise) when he heard the good news.(名词→形容词) 30. The weather is ________ (wind) today, so we’d better not go out.(名词→形容词) 31. She is very ________ (pride) of her son’s achievement.(名词→形容词) 32. It’s ________ (nature) for a mother to love her child.(名词→形容词) 33. He is an ________ (energy) boy and he always works hard.(名词→形容词) 34. The ________ (environment) problem is becoming more and more serious.(名词→形容词) 35. She is very ________ (patient) with the children.(名词→形容词) 36. The news is ________ (true) and we all believe it.(名词→形容词) 37. He felt ________ (excite) when he won the first prize.(动词→形容词) 38. The book is very ________ (bore) and I can’t read it anymore.(动词→形容词) 39. She looks ________ (tire) because she worked late last night.(动词→形容词) 40. There is a ________ (break) cup on the ground.(动词→形容词) 41. He got ________ (lose) in the forest and couldn’t find his way back.(动词→形容词) 42. The ________ (fall) leaves make the park very beautiful.(动词→形容词) 43. We should eat ________ (health) food to keep fit.(形容词→副词) 44. She speaks English very ________ (clear) and everyone can understand her.(形容词→副词) 45. He drives ________ (careful) because he cares about his safety.(形容词→副词) 46. It rained ________ (heavy) last night and the road is very wet now.(形容词→副词) 47. ________ (luck), he didn’t get hurt in the accident.(形容词→副词) 48. She sings very ________ (beautiful) and she wants to be a singer.(形容词→副词) 49. He finished the task ________ (successful) with the help of his friends.(形容词→副词) 50. Please speak ________ (polite) to the old people.(形容词→副词) 二、根据句意,用所给词的适当形式填空(进阶50题) 1. Her ________ (happy) made everyone around her feel good.(形容词→名词) 2. The ________ (sad) of the story made many people cry.(形容词→名词) 3. His ________ (careless) made him fail the exam.(形容词→名词) 4. We should pay attention to our ________ (safe) when we go out.(形容词→名词) 5. The ________ (important) of learning English can’t be ignored.(形容词→名词) 6. There is a big ________ (different) between the two books.(形容词→名词) 7. He has great ________ (confident) in himself.(形容词→名词) 8. The ________ (kind) of the people made her feel warm.(形容词→名词) 9. She showed great ________ (bravery) when she faced the danger.(形容词→名词) 10. His ________ (honest) made him popular among his friends.(形容词→名词) 11. The ________ (strong) of the wind is getting stronger.(形容词→名词) 12. We should try our best to overcome the ________ (difficulty).(形容词→名词) 13. The ________ (long) of the river is about 500 kilometers.(形容词→名词) 14. It’s ________ (fair) to treat him like that.(形容词→反义词) 15. The food is ________ (healthy) and we shouldn’t eat it.(形容词→反义词) 16. He is very ________ (polite) and no one likes him.(形容词→反义词) 17. It’s ________ (possible) for him to finish the work in one hour.(形容词→反义词) 18. She is ________ (happy) because she failed the exam.(形容词→反义词) 19. The plan is ________ (necessary) and we can cancel it.(形容词→反义词) 20. He is an ________ (honest) boy and he often tells lies.(形容词→反义词) 21. The weather is ________ (usual) today; it’s snowing in summer.(形容词→反义词) 22. She is ________ (able) to walk because she hurt her leg.(形容词→反义词) 23. The room is very ________ (clean) and we need to tidy it up.(形容词→反义词) 24. The water is ________ (hot) and we can drink it directly.(形容词→反义词) 25. He is very ________ (strong) because he is ill.(形容词→反义词) 26. I ________ (agree) with you because your idea is wrong.(动词→反义词) 27. He ________ (like) eating vegetables, so he is often ill.(动词→反义词) 28. The child often ________ (obey) his parents’ orders.(动词→反义词) 29. The sun ________ (rise) in the west and sets in the east.(动词→反义词) 30. He ________ (remember) to bring his homework and the teacher was angry.(动词→反义词) 31. She ________ (accept) the invitation because she was busy.(动词→反义词) 32. He ________ (trust) her because she often lied to him.(动词→反义词) 33. The old man ________ (live) in the house alone and no one took care of him.(动词→反义词) 34. Please ________ (lock) the door when you leave the room.(动词→反义词) 35. He ________ (fold) the letter and put it in the envelope.(动词→反义词) 36. She speaks English very ________ (bad) and no one can understand her.(副词→反义词) 37. He walked ________ (slow) because he was in a hurry.(副词→反义词) 38. I have ________ (already) finished my homework, so I can watch TV now.(副词→反义词,结合语境) 39. He ________ (hardly) finished his homework on time.(副词→反义词) 40. She has ________ (never) been to Beijing and she wants to go there.(副词→反义词) 41. Please turn ________ (up) the radio; I can’t hear it clearly.(副词→反义词) 42. He goes to the library ________ (once) a week, but now he goes there every day.(副词→反义词,结合语境) 43. This is my ________ (two) time to visit Shanghai.(数词→序数词) 44. He is the ________ (five) student to finish the exam.(数词→序数词) 45. Today is June the ________ (twelve).(数词→序数词) 46. She is a ________ (ten) - year - old girl.(数词→复合形容词) 47. This book is ________ (two) as thick as that one.(数词→副词,倍数表达) 48. He goes swimming ________ (three) a week.(数词→副词,频率表达) 49. ________ (one), we need to collect all the materials.(数词→副词) 50. This is the ________ (hundred) page of the book.(数词→序数词) 100道巩固训练题答案 一、根据句意及所给词的适当形式填空(基础50题) 1. discussion 2. invention 3. pronunciation 4. decision 5. development 6. invitation 7. pollution 8. appearance 9. healthy 10. death 11. writer 12. performance 13. solution 14. choice 15. beginning 16. regularly 17. introduce 18. inform 19. educate 20. decided 21. discussed 22. operate 23. succeeded 24. breathe 25. encourage 26. dangerous 27. careful 28. interesting 29. surprised 30. windy 31. proud 32. natural 33. energetic 34. environmental 35. patient 36. true 37. excited 38. boring 39. tired 40. broken 41. lost 42. fallen 43. healthily 44. clearly 45. carefully 46. heavily 47. Luckily 48. beautifully 49. successfully 50. politely 二、根据句意,用所给词的适当形式填空(进阶50题) 1. happiness 2. sadness 3. carelessness 4. safety 5. importance 6. difference 7. confidence 8. kindness 9. bravery 10. honesty 11. strength 12. difficulty 13. length 14. unfair 15. unhealthy 16. impolite 17. impossible 18. unhappy 19. unnecessary 20. dishonest 21. unusual 22. unable 23. dirty 24. cool 25. weak 26. disagree 27. dislikes 28. disobeys 29. falls 30. forgot 31. refused 32. distrusts 33. lives 34. unlock 35. unfolded 36. well 37. quickly 38. not yet 39. almost 40. ever 41. down 42. more than once 43. second 44. fifth 45. twelfth 46. ten 47. twice 48. three times 49. First 50. hundredth 1 / 23 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题01 高频词汇变形归纳(复习讲义) Part 1 词性转换考查类型 词性变形主要聚焦于实词的变化,常考相互转换词类有四种:名词、动词、形容词、副词。 名词 动词、形容词 动词、形容词 名词 动词 形容词 形容词 动词 形容词 副词 副词 形容词 一、动词 → 名词(拓展:反义延伸+多义变形) 1. teach → teacher(老师,职业)/ teaching(教学,动作) 2. work → worker(工人,职业)/ work(工作,动作,不可数)/ works(作品,可数,多义延伸) 3. visit → visitor(游客,职业)/ visit(访问,动作,可数/不可数) 4. invent → inventor(发明家,人)/ invention(发明,物)/ inventiveness(创造力,延伸) 5. operate → operation(手术/操作,动作)/ operator(操作员,人)/ operational(形容词,延伸) 6. discuss → discussion(讨论,动作),搭配:have a discussion about sth. 7. pronounce → pronunciation(发音,易错:不双写n),搭配:improve one’s pronunciation 8. decide → decision(决定,易错:去e+ision),搭配:make a decision to do sth. / reach a decision 9. agree → agreement(同意)/ disagreement(不同意,反义延伸),搭配:reach an agreement 10. develop → development(发展,动作)/ developer(开发者,人)/ developmental(形容词,延伸) 11. treat → treatment(治疗/对待,动作)/ treat(款待,名词,延伸),搭配:medical treatment 12. invite → invitation(邀请,动作),搭配:accept/decline an invitation 13. introduce → introduction(介绍,易错:去e+ction),搭配:give an introduction to sth. 14. pollute → pollution(污染,动作)/ pollutant(污染物,物)/ polluter(污染者,人) 15. communicate → communication(交流,动作),搭配:effective communication 16. appear → appearance(出现/外貌)/ disappearance(消失,反义延伸),辨析:appearance表“外貌”时为不可数 17. die → death(死亡,动作)/ dying(垂死的,形容词)/ deathly(副词)/ deceased(死者,延伸名词) 18. succeed → success(成功,动作,不可数/可数)/ successful(形容词)/ successor(继承者,人)/ successfulness(成功,延伸) 19. perform → performance(表演,动作)/ performer(表演者,人)/ performing(形容词,延伸) 20. solve → solution(解决办法,物),搭配:a solution to the problem(易错:介词to) 21. choose → choice(选择,易错:去e+ice),搭配:make a choice / have no choice but to do 22. speak → speech(演讲,动作)/ speaker(演讲者/扬声器,人/物)/ speaking(口语,延伸) 23. heal → health(健康,物)/ healthy(形容词)/ healer(治疗者,人) 24. learn → learner(学习者,人)/ learning(学习,动作),搭配:lifelong learning 25. write → writer(作家,人)/ writing(写作,动作)/ works(作品,延伸,同work多义) 26. read → reader(读者,人)/ reading(阅读,动作),搭配:reading comprehension 27. paint → painter(画家,人)/ painting(绘画,作品)/ paint(颜料,名词,延伸) 28. dance → dancer(舞者,人)/ dance(舞蹈,动作/作品) 29. sing → singer(歌手,人)/ singing(歌唱,动作)/ song(歌曲,延伸名词) 30. think → thought(想法,不规则变形,可数)/ thinking(思考,动作) 31. build → building(建筑物,物)/ builder(建筑工人,人)/ construction(建造,同义延伸) 32. begin → beginning(开始,双写n,易错:漏写双写n),搭配:at the beginning of 33. end → ending(结尾,动作/结局)/ end(结束,动作,名词),搭配:in the end 34. argue → argument(争论,去e+ment,易错:不去e直接加ment) 35. apologize → apology(道歉,去e+y),搭配:make an apology to sb. 36. admire → admiration(钦佩,动作),搭配:express admiration for sb. 37. apply → application(申请,动作)/ applicant(申请人,人),搭配:apply for(动词搭配)/ an application for(名词搭配) 38. approve → approval(批准,动作)/ disapproval(反对,反义延伸) 39. arrange → arrangement(安排,动作),搭配:make arrangements for 40. complain → complaint(抱怨,易错:去ain+aint),搭配:make a complaint about 41. contribute → contribution(贡献,动作),搭配:make a contribution to(to为介词,接doing) 42. cook → cook(厨师,人)/ cooking(烹饪,动作)/ cuisine(菜肴,延伸) 43. direct → director(导演,人)/ direction(方向,物)/ directive(指示,延伸) 二、名词 → 动词(拓展:固定搭配+语境辨析) 1. communication → communicate(交流),搭配:communicate with sb. / communicate sth. to sb. 2. information → inform(告知,通知),搭配:inform sb. of sth.(高频搭配,易错:介词of) 3. invitation → invite(邀请),搭配:invite sb. to do sth. / invite sb. to a place 4. introduction → introduce(介绍),搭配:introduce sb. to sb. / introduce sth. to sb. 5. education → educate(教育),搭配:educate sb. to do sth. / educate sb. about sth. 6. decision → decide(决定),搭配:decide to do sth. / decide on sth. 7. discussion → discuss(讨论),搭配:discuss sth. with sb.(易错:discuss为及物动词,不接about) 8. action → act(行动;扮演),搭配:act on sth.(行动)/ act as(扮演)/ act out(表演) 9. attention → attend(参加;照料),搭配:attend a meeting(参加)/ attend to sb./sth.(照料) 10. operation → operate(动手术;操作),搭配:operate on sb.(给某人做手术,常考)/ operate a machine(操作机器) 11. invention → invent(发明),搭配:invent sth. / invent a new method 12. pollution → pollute(污染),搭配:pollute the air/water/soil 13. development → develop(发展),搭配:develop into(发展成为)/ develop a habit(培养习惯)/ develop technology(发展技术) 14. agreement → agree(同意),搭配:agree with sb.(同意某人)/ agree to sth.(同意某事)/ agree on sth.(达成一致) 15. treatment → treat(治疗;对待),搭配:treat sb. well(善待某人)/ treat a disease(治疗疾病)/ treat sth. as(把……当作) 16. solution → solve(解决),搭配:solve a problem / solve a puzzle 17. death → die(死亡),搭配:die of(死于内因)/ die from(死于外因)/ die out(灭绝) 18. success → succeed(成功),搭配:succeed in doing sth.(固定搭配,易错:in+doing) 19. speech → speak(说;讲),搭配:speak English(说语言)/ speak to sb.(和某人说话)/ speak out(直言) 20. choice → choose(选择),搭配:choose to do sth. / choose between A and B / choose sb. as(选某人作为) 21. breath → breathe(呼吸,e结尾易错,易错:漏写e,写成breath),搭配:breathe in(吸气)/ breathe out(呼气) 22. safety → save(拯救;节省),搭配:save sb. from(从……拯救某人)/ save time/money(节省时间/钱) 23. courage → encourage(鼓励),搭配:encourage sb. to do sth.(高频搭配) 24. difference → differ(不同,去e+er),搭配:differ from(与……不同)/ differ in(在……方面不同) 25. devotion → devote(奉献,进阶新增),搭配:devote oneself to doing sth.(中考高频,to为介词) 26. achievement → achieve(实现,进阶新增),搭配:achieve a goal / achieve success 三、名词 → 形容词(拓展:后缀辨析+易混对比) 1. care → careful(仔细的)/ careless(粗心的),辨析:careful表主动细心,careless表被动粗心,搭配:be careful with sth. 2. help → helpful(有帮助的)/ helpless(无助的),搭配:be helpful to sb./sth. 3. use → useful(有用的)/ useless(无用的)/ usable(可用的,延伸),辨析:useful表“有价值”,usable表“可使用” 4. thank → thankful(感激的),搭配:be thankful to sb. for sth. 5. peace → peaceful(和平的),搭配:a peaceful country / live in peace(名词搭配) 6. danger → dangerous(危险的),搭配:be dangerous to sb./sth.,辨析:danger为名词,dangerous为形容词 7. nature → natural(自然的)/ naturally(副词,延伸),搭配:natural resources(自然资源) 8. person → personal(个人的)/ personality(性格,延伸名词),辨析:personal表“个人的”(如personal information) 9. pride → proud(骄傲的)/ proudly(副词,延伸),搭配:be proud of sb./sth.,辨析:pride为名词(take pride in),proud为形容词 10. luck → lucky(幸运的)/ unlucky(不幸的)/ luckily(副词,延伸),搭配:be lucky to do sth. 11. health → healthy(健康的)/ unhealthy(不健康的)/ healthily(副词,延伸),搭配:keep healthy / a healthy lifestyle 12. noise → noisy(吵闹的)/ noisily(副词,延伸),搭配:a noisy room 13. sleep → sleepy(困倦的)/ asleep(睡着的)/ sleeping(正在睡觉的),辨析:sleepy表“想睡的”(状态),asleep表“睡着的”(表语),sleeping表“正在睡的”(定语) 14. wind → windy(有风的),天气类高频,搭配:a windy day 15. cloud → cloudy(多云的),搭配:a cloudy morning 16. rain → rainy(下雨的),搭配:rainy days 17. snow → snowy(下雪的),搭配:a snowy day 18. sun → sunny(晴朗的),搭配:a sunny day 19. fun → funny(滑稽的),辨析:fun为名词(have fun),funny为形容词(a funny story) 20. interest → interested(感兴趣的,修饰人)/ interesting(有趣的,修饰物/事),搭配:be interested in sth. 21. nation → national(国家的)/ international(国际的,延伸),搭配:national day(国庆节) 22. culture → cultural(文化的),搭配:cultural differences(文化差异) 23. value → valuable(有价值的),搭配:valuable advice(宝贵的建议),辨析:value为名词/动词,valuable为形容词 24. ambition → ambitious(有雄心的),中考高频,搭配:be ambitious to do sth. 25. confidence → confident(自信的),搭配:be confident in sb./sth. 26. energy → energetic(精力充沛的),搭配:an energetic person 27. environment → environmental(环境的),搭配:environmental protection(环境保护) 28. friendship → friendly(友好的,易错:friendship是名词,friendly是形容词,不可混淆),搭配:be friendly to sb. 29. harm → harmful(有害的)/ harmless(无害的),搭配:be harmful to(对……有害) 30. importance → important(重要的),搭配:it is important to do sth. 31. independence → independent(独立的,延伸),搭配:be independent of sb.(不依赖某人) 32. loneliness → lonely(孤独的,易错:lonely和alone混淆,alone表“独自”,lonely表“孤独的,情感上”) 33. music → musical(音乐的),搭配:a musical instrument(乐器) 34. patience → patient(耐心的),搭配:be patient with sb. 35. pleasure → pleasant(令人愉快的,修饰物)/ pleased(感到愉快的,修饰人),搭配:be pleased with sth. 36. power → powerful(强大的),搭配:a powerful country 37. safety → safe(安全的),搭配:be safe from(远离……安全) 38. silence → silent(沉默的),搭配:keep silent(保持沉默) 39. success → successful(成功的),搭配:be successful in doing sth. 40. truth → true(真实的),搭配:be true of(对……适用) 41. warmth → warm(温暖的),搭配:a warm smile 42. wealth → wealthy(富有的),搭配:a wealthy family 43. economy → economic(经济的)/ economical(节俭的,易混辨析),进阶新增,搭配:economic growth(经济增长)/ be economical with money(节俭用钱) 四、动词 → 形容词(拓展:语境区分+特殊变形延伸) (一)-ed(修饰人,表“感到……的”) / -ing(修饰物/事,表“令人……的”) 1. interest → interested(感兴趣的,人感到)/ interesting(有趣的,物令人),搭配:be interested in / an interesting book 2. surprise → surprised(惊讶的,人感到)/ surprising(令人惊讶的,物令人),搭配:be surprised at / a surprising result 3. excite → excited(激动的,人感到)/ exciting(令人激动的,物令人),辨析:excited表“自身激动”,exciting表“使人激动”,搭配:be excited about / an exciting match 4. relax → relaxed(放松的,人感到)/ relaxing(令人放松的,物令人),搭配:feel relaxed / a relaxing trip 5. bore → bored(无聊的,人感到)/ boring(令人无聊的,物令人),搭配:be bored with / a boring lecture 6. tire → tired(疲劳的,人感到)/ tiring(令人疲劳的,物令人),搭配:be tired of / a tiring journey 7. amaze → amazed(惊奇的,人感到)/ amazing(令人惊奇的,物令人),搭配:be amazed by / an amazing achievement 8. worry → worried(担心的,人感到)/ worrying(令人担心的,物令人),搭配:be worried about / a worrying situation 9. disappoint → disappointed(失望的,人感到)/ disappointing(令人失望的,物令人),搭配:be disappointed with / a disappointing performance (二)-ful(肯定,表“充满……的”) / -less(否定,表“无……的”) 1. help → helpful(有帮助的)/ helpless(无助的),辨析:-ful表“具有某种性质”,-less表“缺乏某种性质” 2. use → useful(有用的)/ useless(无用的),搭配:useful tools / useless advice 3. care → careful(小心的)/ careless(粗心的),搭配:be careful when doing sth. / a careless mistake 4. hope → hopeful(充满希望的)/ hopeless(无望的),搭配:be hopeful about the future / a hopeless situation 5. harm → harmful(有害的)/ harmless(无害的),搭配:harmful chemicals / harmless animals (三)特殊变形 1. break → broken(破碎的;坏了的),搭配:a broken cup / a broken heart(心碎的) 2. lose → lost(丢失的;迷路的),搭配:a lost key / get lost(迷路) 3. die → dead(死的)/ dying(垂死的),辨析:dead表“死亡状态”,dying表“垂死的,即将死亡” 4. sleep → asleep(睡着的,表状态,作表语)/ sleepy(困倦的,表感觉)/ sleeping(正在睡觉的,表动作,作定语) 5. live → alive(活着的,作表语/后置定语)/ lively(生动的;活泼的,作定语/表语)/ living(活着的,作定语),辨析:alive表“存活”,lively表“有活力”,living表“在世的” 6. speak → spoken(口头的,spoken English 英语口语) 7. fall → fallen(落下的,fallen leaves 落叶) 8. freeze → frozen(冰冻的,frozen food 冷冻食品) 9. wear → worn(磨损的,worn clothes 旧衣服) 10. know → known(著名的,well-known 众所周知的),搭配:a well-known writer 11. bite → bitten(被咬的,易错:过去分词不写bited),搭配:a bitten finger 12. hide → hidden(隐藏的,易错:过去分词不写hided),搭配:a hidden treasure(宝藏) 13. write → written(被写的;书面的),搭配:written English(书面英语)/ a written letter 五、形容词 → 副词(+ly 规则,拓展:易混辨析+语境搭配) 核心考点:延续基础版拼写易错点,新增易混副词辨析(如hard/hardly、late/lately),补充多音节词变形、同形副词的语境差异,结合中考语法填空、完形填空的固定搭配(如take sth. seriously),标注口语与书面语差异,提升用词准确性。 (一)规则变形(直接+ly / 辅音+y变i+ly / 去e+ly) 1. real → really(易错点:去e+ly),搭配:really good / really like 2. true → truly(易错点:去e+ly,不是trueely,易错高频),搭配:truly believe / truly sorry 3. easy → easily(辅音+y变i+ly),搭配:easily finish / easily understand 4. happy → happily(辅音+y变i+ly),搭配:live happily / smile happily 5. heavy → heavily(辅音+y变i+ly,常考搭配:rain heavily 下大雨 / snow heavily) 6. angry → angrily(辅音+y变i+ly),搭配:shout angrily / speak angrily 7. polite → politely(去e+ly),搭配:speak politely / behave politely 8. usual → usually,搭配:usually go to school / as usual(像往常一样,名词搭配) 9. sudden → suddenly(去e+ly,常考搭配:suddenly it began to rain / a sudden change(名词)) 10. recent → recently(去e+ly,现完标志词),搭配:have recently done sth. 11. quick → quickly,搭配:run quickly / answer quickly 12. slow → slowly,搭配:walk slowly / speak slowly 13. clear → clearly(去e+ly,常考:speak clearly 说清楚),搭配:see clearly / explain clearly 14. careful → carefully,搭配:do homework carefully / drive carefully 15. careless → carelessly,搭配:make mistakes carelessly 16. helpful → helpfully,搭配:help sb. helpfully 17. beautiful → beautifully(多音节词,直接+ly),搭配:sing beautifully / dance beautifully 18. wonderful → wonderfully,搭配:perform wonderfully 19. successful → successfully(多音节词,直接+ly),搭配:finish the task successfully 20. harmful → harmfully,搭配:affect the environment harmfully 21. useful → usefully,搭配:use the tool usefully 22. noisy → noisily,搭配:talk noisily in class(常考易错场景) 23. healthy → healthily,搭配:eat healthily / live healthily 24. lucky → luckily,搭配:luckily, he passed the exam(句首状语,常考) 25. proud → proudly,搭配:speak proudly / hold up the medal proudly 26. quiet → quietly,搭配:sit quietly / read quietly 27. safe → safely,搭配:arrive safely / cross the road safely 28. simple → simply(去e+ly),搭配:simply say / simply a mistake 29. terrible → terribly,搭配:feel terribly sorry / terribly cold 30. different → differently(多音节词,直接+ly),搭配:think differently / do things differently 31. important → importantly(多音节词,直接+ly),搭配:more importantly(更重要的是,书面语常用) 32. patient → patiently,搭配:wait patiently / explain patiently (二)易混副词辨析 1. hard(努力地;猛烈地) vs hardly(几乎不),辨析:hard表“动作程度”,hardly表“否定含义”,搭配:work hard(努力学习)/ hardly eat(几乎不吃) 2. late(晚;迟) vs lately(最近,近来),辨析:late表“时间晚”,lately表“时间范围”,搭配:get up late(起晚)/ have not seen him lately(最近没见过他) 3. good(形容词,好的) vs well(副词,好地;形容词,身体好),辨析:good修饰名词,well修饰动词/表身体状况,搭配:a good student / sing well / feel well 4. fast(快地,指速度) vs soon(很快,指时间),辨析:fast侧重“速度快”,soon侧重“时间近”,搭配:run fast / come soon 5. wide(宽地,指范围) vs widely(广泛地,指程度),辨析:wide表“具体范围宽”,widely表“抽象程度广”,搭配:open the door wide / be widely known(众所周知) 6. deep(深地,指具体深度) vs deeply(深深地,指抽象情感),辨析:deep表“具体深度”,deeply表“抽象情感”,搭配:dig deep / love deeply(深爱) (三)特殊变形 1. fast → fast(同形),搭配:run fast / fast food(名词短语) 2. late → late(同形),搭配:arrive late / late night(深夜) 3. hard → hard(同形),搭配:work hard / hard work(名词短语) 4. early → early(同形),搭配:get up early / early morning(清晨) 5. near → near(同形),搭配:live near / near the park(介词短语) 6. far → far(同形),搭配:go far / far away(遥远的) 7. high → high(同形),搭配:jump high / high in the sky(在空中高处) 8. low → low(同形),搭配:speak low / low temperature(低温) 六、形容词 → 名词(拓展:反义延伸+易混辨析) 1. happy → happiness(幸福,易错:辅音+y变i+ness),搭配:the happiness of children / bring happiness to sb. 2. sad → sadness(悲伤),搭配:fill with sadness / hide one’s sadness 3. angry → anger(愤怒,易错:去y变i+er,不写angriness),搭配:show anger / control anger 4. hungry → hunger(饥饿),搭配:suffer from hunger / satisfy one’s hunger 5. thirsty → thirst(口渴),搭配:quench one’s thirst(解渴)/ a thirst for knowledge(渴望知识) 6. healthy → health(健康,易错:去y变i+th),搭配:keep healthy(形容词)/ keep in good health(名词) 7. wealthy → wealth(财富,易错:去y变i+th),搭配:a wealthy family(形容词)/ a lot of wealth(名词) 8. lucky → luck(运气),搭配:be lucky to do(形容词)/ good luck(名词) 9. unlucky → bad luck(坏运气,反义延伸),搭配:have bad luck 10. careful → carefulness(细心),搭配:do sth. with carefulness 11. careless → carelessness(粗心,反义延伸),搭配:make mistakes because of carelessness(中考常考语境) 12. helpful → helpfulness(乐于助人),搭配:praise sb. for his helpfulness 13. helpless → helplessness(无助),搭配:show helplessness in face of difficulties 14. useful → usefulness(用处),搭配:the usefulness of the book 15. useless → uselessness(无用),搭配:realize the uselessness of the old machine 16. dangerous → danger(危险,易错:去ous+er),搭配:be dangerous(形容词)/ be in danger(名词,常考) 17. safe → safety(安全,易错:去e+ty),搭配:be safe(形容词)/ ensure safety(名词)/ traffic safety(交通安全,常考) 18. important → importance(重要性,易错:去t+ce),搭配:it is important to do(形容词)/ the importance of study(名词,常考) 19. different → difference(差异,易错:去t+ce),搭配:be different from(形容词)/ the difference between A and B(名词,高频) 20. difficult → difficulty(困难,易错:去t+y),搭配:be difficult to do(形容词)/ have difficulty (in) doing sth.(名词,固定搭配) 21. easy → ease(容易,易错:去y+se),搭配:be easy to do(形容词)/ do sth. with ease(名词) 22. beautiful → beauty(美丽),搭配:a beautiful girl(形容词)/ the beauty of nature(名词) 23. wonderful → wonder(奇迹;惊奇),搭配:a wonderful show(形容词)/ a wonder of the world(名词) 24. successful → success(成功),搭配:be successful in doing(形容词)/ achieve success(名词) 25. failed → failure(失败,反义延伸),搭配:a failed attempt(形容词)/ face failure bravely(名词) 26. kind → kindness(善良),搭配:be kind to sb.(形容词)/ show kindness to others(名词) 27. polite → politeness(礼貌),搭配:be polite to sb.(形容词)/ speak with politeness(名词) 28. impolite → impoliteness(无礼,反义延伸),搭配:avoid impoliteness 29. quiet → quietness(安静),搭配:be quiet(形容词)/ enjoy the quietness of the night 30. noisy → noise(噪音,易错:去y变i+se),搭配:be noisy(形容词)/ make noise(名词,常考) 31. brave → bravery(勇敢),搭配:be brave enough to do(形容词)/ praise sb. for his bravery 32. afraid → fear(害怕,易错:不写afraidness),搭配:be afraid of(形容词)/ have a fear of(名词) 33. confident → confidence(自信),搭配:be confident in(形容词)/ build up confidence(建立自信,常考) 34. energetic → energy(精力),搭配:an energetic person(形容词)/ full of energy(名词) 35. patient → patience(耐心),搭配:be patient with(形容词)/ have patience with(名词) 36. impatient → impatience(不耐烦,反义延伸),搭配:show impatience 37. honest → honesty(诚实),搭配:be honest(形容词)/ honesty is the best policy(谚语,常考书面表达) 38. dishonest → dishonesty(不诚实,反义延伸),搭配:avoid dishonesty 39. strong → strength(力量,易错:去ng+th),搭配:be strong(形容词)/ physical strength(体力)/ mental strength(意志力) 40. weak → weakness(虚弱;弱点,反义延伸),搭配:be weak in(形容词)/ find one’s weakness(找到自己的弱点,常考) 41. long → length(长度,易错:去g+th),搭配:be long(形容词)/ the length of the river(名词) 42. short → shortness(短;短处,反义延伸),搭配:the shortness of time(时间紧迫) 七、形容词 → 反义词(拓展:前缀辨析+语境适配) (一)前缀un-(最通用,接单音节/多音节形容词,中考高频) 1. happy → unhappy(不开心的,易错:双写p),搭配:feel unhappy / an unhappy day 2. lucky → unlucky(不幸的),搭配:an unlucky boy / be unlucky to do sth. 3. healthy → unhealthy(不健康的),搭配:unhealthy food / an unhealthy lifestyle(常考) 4. helpful → unhelpful(无帮助的),搭配:an unhelpful suggestion 5. useful → useless(无用的,特殊:不用unuseful,易错高频),搭配:a useless tool 6. usual → unusual(不寻常的,常考),搭配:an unusual experience / unusual weather 7. comfortable → uncomfortable(不舒服的),搭配:an uncomfortable chair / feel uncomfortable 8. forgettable → unforgettable(难忘的,常考书面表达),搭配:an unforgettable trip 9. expected → unexpected(出乎意料的),搭配:an unexpected result(常考完形) 10. friendly → unfriendly(不友好的),搭配:be unfriendly to sb. 11. kind → unkind(不善良的),搭配:be unkind to animals 12. fair → unfair(不公平的,常考),搭配:an unfair decision / unfair treatment 13. necessary → unnecessary(不必要的),搭配:unnecessary work / it is unnecessary to do sth. 14. important → unimportant(不重要的),搭配:an unimportant detail 15. popular → unpopular(不受欢迎的),搭配:an unpopular idea 16. successful → unsuccessful(不成功的),搭配:an unsuccessful attempt 17. able → unable(不能的,常考搭配:be unable to do sth.) 18. certain → uncertain(不确定的),搭配:be uncertain about the future 19. clear → unclear(不清楚的),搭配:an unclear explanation 20. easy → uneasy(不安的,特殊:不写uneasy表“不容易”,easy反义“difficult”),辨析:uneasy表“情感不安”,difficult表“事情困难” (二)前缀in-(接多音节形容词,表“不”,中考高频) 1. active → inactive(不活跃的),搭配:an inactive student / inactive lifestyle 2. direct → indirect(间接的),搭配:an indirect answer / indirect influence 3. dependent → independent(独立的,常考),搭配:be independent of sb. / an independent child 4. expensive → inexpensive(不贵的,同义:cheap,书面语常用),搭配:inexpensive clothes 5. formal → informal(非正式的),搭配:informal clothes / informal talk 6. possible → impossible(不可能的,常考),搭配:it is impossible to do sth. / an impossible task 7. probable → improbable(不大可能的),搭配:an improbable story 8. proper → improper(不合适的),搭配:improper behavior / improper words 9. regular → irregular(不规律的,常考),搭配:irregular work hours / irregular eating habits 10. responsible → irresponsible(不负责任的),搭配:an irresponsible person (三)前缀im-(接以p/b/m开头的形容词,表“不”,易错高频) 1. polite → impolite(不礼貌的,易错:不用unpolite),搭配:be impolite to sb. / impolite words 2. patient → impatient(不耐烦的,易错:不用unpatient),搭配:be impatient with sb. 3. possible → impossible(补充:也可接im-,最常用),搭配:it is impossible to finish on time 4. perfect → imperfect(不完美的),搭配:an imperfect plan / imperfect life 5. pure → impure(不纯的),搭配:impure water 6. balanced → imbalanced(不平衡的),搭配:an imbalanced diet(不均衡饮食,常考) (四)前缀dis-(接少数高频形容词,表“不”) 1. honest → dishonest(不诚实的,易错:不用unhonest),搭配:a dishonest person / dishonest words 2. honorable → dishonorable(不光彩的),搭配:a dishonorable act 3. loyal → disloyal(不忠诚的),搭配:be disloyal to sb. (五)无前缀,直接变反义(中考高频,易混辨析) 1. happy → sad(不开心的,辨析:unhappy是“不开心”,sad是“悲伤”,程度不同) 2. easy → difficult / hard(困难的,常考),搭配:an easy task → a difficult task 3. big → small(小的)/ large → small(常考),搭配:a big house → a small house 4. long → short(短的,常考),搭配:a long time → a short time 5. high → low(低的,常考),搭配:a high mountain → a low hill / high temperature → low temperature 6. tall → short(矮的),搭配:a tall boy → a short boy 7. fat → thin(瘦的),搭配:a fat cat → a thin cat 8. strong → weak(虚弱的,常考),搭配:a strong man → a weak man 9. fast → slow(慢的,常考),搭配:a fast runner → a slow runner 10. early → late(晚的,常考),搭配:get up early → get up late 11. new → old(旧的;老的,常考),搭配:a new book → an old book / a new friend → an old friend 12. young → old(老的),搭配:a young man → an old man 13. good → bad(坏的,常考),搭配:a good idea → a bad idea 14. well → ill / sick(生病的),搭配:feel well → feel ill 15. clean → dirty(脏的,常考),搭配:a clean room → a dirty room 16. wet → dry(干的,常考),搭配:wet clothes → dry clothes 17. hot → cold(冷的,常考),搭配:hot weather → cold weather 18. warm → cool(凉爽的),搭配:warm water → cool water 19. bright → dark(黑暗的),搭配:a bright room → a dark room 20. light → heavy(重的,常考),搭配:a light bag → a heavy bag 八、动词 → 反义词(拓展:前缀辨析+不规则反义) 核心考点:延续基础版“前缀+动词”(un-/dis-)考点,新增前缀用法差异(un-表“逆转动作”,dis-表“否定动作”),补充中考高频不规则动词反义词,标注易错前缀拼写、固定搭配,结合短文填空、语法填空语境,区分“动作逆转”与“动作否定”的差异。 (一)前缀un-(表“逆转动作”,即“撤销、恢复到原来状态”) 1. do → undo(撤销;解开,易错:双写n),搭配:undo a mistake(纠正错误)/ undo a knot(解开绳结) 2. tie → untie(解开;松开),搭配:untie the rope(解开绳子)/ untie the shoelaces(解开鞋带) 3. lock → unlock(解锁;打开),搭配:unlock the door(开门锁)/ unlock the phone(解锁手机) 4. fold → unfold(展开;打开),搭配:unfold a map(展开地图)/ unfold a letter(拆开信件) 5. cover → uncover(揭开;发现),搭配:uncover the truth(揭露真相)/ uncover the box(揭开盒子盖子) 6. load → unload(卸载;卸下),搭配:unload the goods(卸下货物)/ unload the truck(卸载卡车) 7. pack → unpack( unpack(拆开包装;整理行李),搭配:unpack the suitcase(整理行李箱)/ unpack the gifts(拆开礼物包装) 8. wrap → unwrap(拆开包装),搭配:unwrap a present(拆开礼物),常考完形填空语境 9. fasten → unfasten(解开;松开),搭配:unfasten the seat belt(解开安全带)/ unfasten the button(解开纽扣) (二)前缀dis-(表“否定动作”,即“不做某事、相反动作”,中考高频) 1. agree → disagree(不同意),搭配:disagree with sb.(不同意某人)/ disagree on sth.(在某事上有分歧),易错:去e+dis-) 2. like → dislike(不喜欢),搭配:dislike doing sth.(不喜欢做某事)/ dislike sth.(不喜欢某物) 3. obey → disobey(不服从;违反),搭配:disobey the rules(违反规则,常考)/ disobey orders(不服从命令) 4. appear → disappear(消失),搭配:disappear suddenly(突然消失)/ disappear from sight(从视线中消失) 5. appoint → disappoint(使失望),搭配:disappoint sb.(让某人失望)/ be disappointed with(感到失望),易错:拼写混淆) 6. continue → discontinue(停止;中断),搭配:discontinue the work(中断工作)/ discontinue a service(停止服务) 7. believe → disbelieve(不相信;怀疑),搭配:disbelieve his words(不相信他的话) 8. trust → distrust(不信任;怀疑),搭配:distrust sb.(不信任某人),辨析:distrust侧重“怀疑可靠性”,disbelieve侧重“不相信事实” 9. approve → disapprove(不批准;反对),搭配:disapprove of sth.(反对某事)/ disapprove of sb.’s behavior(反对某人的行为) 10. honor → dishonor(使蒙羞;不尊重),搭配:dishonor one’s family(让家人蒙羞) (三)无前缀,直接变反义(中考高频,不规则反义,必背) 1. buy → sell(买→卖,常考),搭配:buy sth. from sb.(从某人那里买某物)/ sell sth. to sb.(把某物卖给某人) 2. borrow → lend(借进→借出,易混辨析,高频),搭配:borrow sth. from sb.(向某人借某物)/ lend sth. to sb.(把某物借给某人) 3. give → take(给→拿,常考),搭配:give sb. sth.(给某人某物)/ take sth. from sb.(从某人那里拿某物) 4. receive → send(收到→发送,常考),搭配:receive a letter(收到一封信)/ send a letter(寄一封信) 5. go → come(去→来,常考),搭配:go to school(去上学)/ come to school(来学校) 6. arrive → leave(到达→离开,常考),搭配:arrive at/in(到达某地)/ leave for(动身去某地) 7. enter → exit(进入→离开;退出),搭配:enter the room(进入房间)/ exit the building(离开大楼) 8. start → stop(开始→停止,常考),搭配:start to do sth.(开始做某事)/ stop doing sth.(停止做某事) 9. begin → end(开始→结束,常考),搭配:begin with(以……开始)/ end with(以……结束) 10. open → close(打开→关闭,常考),搭配:open the door(开门)/ close the door(关门) 11. turn on → turn off(打开→关闭,电器类高频),搭配:turn on the light(开灯)/ turn off the light(关灯) 12. turn up → turn down(调大→调小,音量/温度类高频),搭配:turn up the radio(调大收音机音量)/ turn down the radio(调小收音机音量) 13. rise → fall(上升→下降,常考),搭配:the sun rises(太阳升起)/ the sun falls(太阳落下)/ prices rise/fall(价格上涨/下跌) 14. stand → sit(站→坐,常考),搭配:stand up(站起来)/ sit down(坐下) 15. sleep → wake(睡觉→醒来,常考),搭配:go to sleep(去睡觉)/ wake up(醒来) 16. remember → forget(记得→忘记,常考),搭配:remember to do sth.(记得要做某事)/ forget to do sth.(忘记要做某事) 17. accept → refuse(接受→拒绝,常考),搭配:accept an invitation(接受邀请)/ refuse an invitation(拒绝邀请) 18. allow → forbid(允许→禁止,进阶新增),搭配:allow sb. to do sth.(允许某人做某事)/ forbid sb. to do sth.(禁止某人做某事) 19. encourage → discourage(鼓励→使气馁,反义延伸),搭配:encourage sb. to do(鼓励某人做)/ discourage sb. from doing(阻止某人做) (四)中考易错提醒 1. 注意un-和dis-的区别:un-是“逆转动作”(如tie绑→untie解开,动作可逆),dis-是“否定动作”(如agree同意→disagree不同意,动作相反); 2. 易混动词反义词(borrow/lend、buy/sell)是中考完形、短文填空高频考点,重点记搭配和语境差异; 3. 部分动词反义词有两种形式(如appear→disappear/vanish),优先记中考高频的disappear,vanish作为延伸了解即可。 九、副词 → 反义词(拓展:前缀辨析+语境适配) 核心考点:延续前文前缀用法,聚焦中考高频副词反义词,新增前缀un-/dis-在副词中的应用,补充易混副词反义词辨析(如already→yet、almost→hardly),标注易错拼写、固定搭配,结合语法填空、完形填空语境,区分口语与书面语差异,贴合中考考点。 (一)前缀un-(最通用,接高频副词,表“不”,中考高频) 1. happily → unhappily(不开心地),搭配:smile unhappily(不开心地笑)/ speak unhappily(不开心地说) 2. luckily → unluckily(不幸地),搭配:unluckily, he missed the bus(不幸的是,他错过了公交车),句首状语常考 3. carefully → carelessly(粗心地,反义延伸),搭配:do homework carelessly(粗心地做作业),常考完形易错点 4. helpfully → unhelpfully(无帮助地),搭配:answer unhelpfully(无帮助地回答) 5. politely → impolitely(不礼貌地,易错:不用unpolitely,延续形容词前缀im-用法),搭配:speak impolitely(不礼貌地说话) 6. quietly → noisily(吵闹地,无前缀,直接反义,高频),搭配:talk noisily(吵闹地交谈)/ walk noisily(吵闹地走路) 7. slowly → quickly / fast(快速地,两种反义形式,均为中考高频),搭配:walk quickly(快速地走)/ run fast(快速地跑) 8. clearly → unclearly(不清楚地),搭配:speak unclearly(说话不清楚)/ explain unclearly(解释不清楚) 9. easily → hardly / with difficulty(几乎不/困难地,反义延伸),搭配:hardly finish(几乎完不成)/ finish with difficulty(困难地完成) 10. successfully → unsuccessfully(不成功地),搭配:finish the task unsuccessfully(未成功完成任务) 11. usually → unusually(不寻常地),搭配:it rains unusually heavily today(今天雨下得异常大) 12. recently → not recently(最近没有,无对应unrecently,中考易错提醒),搭配:I have not seen him recently(我最近没见过他) (二)前缀dis-(接少数高频副词,表“不”,中考低频,重点记) 1. agreeably → disagreeably(不愉快地),搭配:smile disagreeably(不愉快地笑) 2. honestly → dishonestly(不诚实地),搭配:speak dishonestly(不诚实地说话),常考书面表达语境 (三)无前缀,直接变反义(中考高频,易混辨析,必背) 1. already → yet(已经→还未,常考时态搭配),辨析:already用于肯定句,yet用于否定句/疑问句末尾,搭配:I have already finished(我已经做完了)/ I have not finished yet(我还没做完) 2. almost → hardly(几乎→几乎不,反义辨析),搭配:almost finish(几乎做完)/ hardly finish(几乎完不成) 3. ever → never(曾经→从不,常考),搭配:Have you ever been there?(你去过那里吗?)/ I have never been there(我从没去过那里) 4. here → there(这里→那里,常考),搭配:come here(过来)/ go there(过去) 5. up → down(向上→向下,常考),搭配:jump up(向上跳)/ jump down(向下跳)/ turn up(调大)/ turn down(调小) 6. in → out(在里面→在外面,常考),搭配:come in(进来)/ go out(出去)/ take in(吸收)/ take out(拿出) 7. inside → outside(在内部→在外部),搭配:wait inside(在里面等)/ wait outside(在外面等) 8. together → apart(一起→分开,进阶新增),搭配:work together(一起工作)/ live apart(分开住) 9. early → late(早→晚,常考),搭配:get up early(早起)/ get up late(晚起) 10. fast → slowly(快→慢,常考),搭配:run fast(跑得快)/ run slowly(跑得慢) 11. well → badly(好→差,常考修饰动词),搭配:sing well(唱得好)/ sing badly(唱得差) 12. much → little(很多→很少,修饰不可数名词)/ many → few(很多→很少,修饰可数名词),易混辨析,中考高频,搭配:much water(很多水)/ little water(很少水)/ many books(很多书)/ few books(很少书) (四)中考易错提醒(必背) 1. 部分副词无对应“un-+副词”形式(如recently→无unrecently),需用“not+副词”表达反义,避免拼写错误; 2. already/yet、almost/hardly是中考语法填空、完形填空高频易混点,重点记时态搭配和语境差异; 3. much/little、many/few既要记反义关系,也要区分修饰可数/不可数名词的用法,避免搭配错误。 十、数词 → 相关词性变形(序数词/副词/形容词,中考高频) 核心考点:聚焦中考高频数词,补充基数词→序数词的易错变形、数词→形容词(表“……倍”“第……”)、数词→副词的用法,标注易错拼写(如five→fifth)、固定搭配(如twice a week),结合语法填空、书面表达语境(如日期、倍数、次数),贴合中考考点,强化易错点记忆。 (一)基数词 → 序数词(中考高频,易错变形,必背) 1. 1. one → first(第一,缩写:1st,易错:不写oneth),搭配:the first day(第一天)/ on the first of January(一月一日) 2. 2. two → second(第二,缩写:2nd,易错:不写twoth),搭配:the second lesson(第二课)/ the second time(第二次) 3. 3. three → third(第三,缩写:3rd,易错:不写threeth),搭配:the third floor(三楼) 4. 4. four → fourth(第四,缩写:4th,易错:去u+th),搭配:the fourth month(第四个月,即四月) 5. 5. five → fifth(第五,缩写:5th,易错:去ve+fth),搭配:the fifth day(第五天) 6. 6. six → sixth(第六,缩写:6th,易错:双写x+th),搭配:the sixth grade(六年级) 7. 7. seven → seventh(第七,缩写:7th),搭配:the seventh week(第七周) 8. 8. eight → eighth(第八,缩写:8th,易错:去t+h,不写eightth),搭配:the eighth day(第八天) 9. 9. nine → ninth(第九,缩写:9th,易错:去e+th,不写nineth),搭配:the ninth month(第九个月,即九月) 10. 10. ten → tenth(第十,缩写:10th),搭配:the tenth anniversary(十周年) 11. 11. eleven → eleventh(第十一,缩写:11th),搭配:the eleventh hour(最后时刻,延伸短语) 12. 12. twelve → twelfth(第十二,缩写:12th,易错:去ve+lfth),搭配:the twelfth day(第十二天) 13. 13. thirteen → thirteenth(第十三,缩写:13th),搭配:the thirteenth birthday(十三岁生日) 14. 14. fourteen → fourteenth(第十四,缩写:14th) 15. 15. fifteen → fifteenth(第十五,缩写:15th) 16. 16. sixteen → sixteenth(第十六,缩写:16th) 17. 17. seventeen → seventeenth(第十七,缩写:17th) 18. 18. eighteen → eighteenth(第十八,缩写:18th) 19. 19. nineteen → nineteenth(第十九,缩写:19th) 20. 20. twenty → twentieth(第二十,缩写:20th,易错:去y+tieth),搭配:the twentieth century(二十世纪) 21. 21. twenty-one → twenty-first(第二十一,缩写:21st,易错:只变最后一个数词),搭配:the twenty-first of May(五月二十一日) 22. 22. twenty-two → twenty-second(第二十二,缩写:22nd) 23. 23. twenty-three → twenty-third(第二十三,缩写:23rd) 24. 30. thirty → thirtieth(第三十,缩写:30th,易错:去y+tieth) 25. 40. forty → fortieth(第四十,缩写:40th,易错:去u+y+tieth) 26. 50. fifty → fiftieth(第五十,缩写:50th,易错:去ve+f+tieth) 27. 60. sixty → sixtieth(第六十,缩写:60th) 28. 70. seventy → seventieth(第七十,缩写:70th) 29. 80. eighty → eightieth(第八十,缩写:80th) 30. 90. ninety → ninetieth(第九十,缩写:90th) 31. 100. one hundred → one hundredth(第一百,缩写:100th),搭配:the one hundredth page(第一百页) (二)数词 → 形容词(表“……倍的”“第……的”,中考高频) 1. one → first(第一的)/ single(单一的,延伸),搭配:the first prize(一等奖)/ a single room(单人间) 2. two → second(第二的)/ double(双倍的,延伸,高频),搭配:a double room(双人间)/ double the size(两倍大) 3. three → third(第三的)/ triple(三倍的,延伸),搭配:triple the amount(三倍的数量) 4. four → fourth(第四的)/ fourfold(四倍的,延伸) 5. five → fifth(第五的)/ fivefold(五倍的,延伸) 6. ten → tenth(第十的)/ tenfold(十倍的,延伸)/ ten-year-old(十岁的,复合形容词,常考),搭配:a ten-year-old boy(一个十岁的男孩) 7. twenty → twentieth(第二十的)/ twenty-year-old(二十岁的,复合形容词) (三)数词 → 副词(表“……次”“第……”,中考高频) 1. one → once(一次;曾经,高频),搭配:once a week(一周一次,频率表达,常考)/ once upon a time(从前,故事开头) 2. two → twice(两次;两倍,高频,易错:不写two times),搭配:twice a month(一个月两次)/ twice as big as(是……的两倍大,倍数表达,常考) 3. three → three times(三次;三倍),搭配:three times a year(一年三次)/ three times as much as(是……的三倍多) 4. four → four times(四次;四倍),搭配:four times a day(一天四次) 5. first → first(首先,副词,高频),搭配:first, we need to prepare(首先,我们需要准备) 6. second → second(其次,副词,高频),搭配:second, we should practice more(其次,我们应该多练习) 7. third → third(第三,副词),搭配:third, don’t forget to check(第三,别忘了检查) (四)中考易错提醒(必背) 1. 序数词缩写需注意后缀(1st、2nd、3rd,4th及以后用th),书面表达中日期常用序数词,如June 1st(六月一日); 2. 倍数表达是中考高频:twice as+形容词原级+as(两倍大),three times as+形容词原级+as(三倍大),避免写成two times; 3. 复合形容词(如ten-year-old)中,数词、连字符、名词单数连用,不能写成ten-years-old,常考完形填空; 4. 注意区分“次数”和“倍数”:once/twice/three times 既表次数,也表倍数,结合语境判断。 Part 1 词汇变形100道巩固训练题 说明:题目涵盖十大类词汇变形,贴合中考难度,侧重易错点、固定搭配和语境应用。 一、根据句意及所给词的适当形式填空(基础50题) 1. We should have a ________ (discuss) about the problem before making a decision.(动词→名词) 2. The scientist’s ________ (invent) has changed our daily life a lot.(动词→名词) 3. My mother always tells me to improve my ________ (pronounce) when I speak English.(动词→名词) 4. He made a wrong ________ (decide) because he didn’t think carefully.(动词→名词) 5. The ________ (develop) of AI technology is getting faster and faster.(动词→名词) 6. She received an ________ (invite) to the party yesterday.(动词→名词) 7. We should protect the environment to reduce ________ (pollute).(动词→名词) 8. His ________ (appear) made everyone in the room surprised.(动词→名词) 9. The doctor gave him some advice on how to keep ________ (health).(动词→形容词) 10. The ________ (die) of his pet dog made him very sad.(动词→名词) 11. She is a famous ________ (write) and she has written many books.(动词→名词) 12. His ________ (perform) in the concert won a lot of praise.(动词→名词) 13. We need to find a ________ (solve) to this difficult problem.(动词→名词) 14. He has no ________ (choose) but to finish the work on time.(动词→名词) 15. The ________ (begin) of the story is very interesting.(动词→名词) 16. We should communicate with our parents ________ (regular).(名词→副词) 17. The teacher asked us to ________ (introduction) ourselves in English.(名词→动词) 18. He failed to ________ (inform) us of the change of the plan.(名词→动词) 19. We should ________ (education) our children to be kind to others.(名词→动词) 20. She ________ (decision) to study abroad next year.(名词→动词) 21. They ________ (discuss) the problem for two hours yesterday.(名词→动词) 22. The doctor will ________ (operation) on the patient tomorrow.(名词→动词) 23. He ________ (success) in passing the final exam.(名词→动词) 24. Please ________ (breath) deeply and relax yourself.(名词→动词) 25. We should ________ (encourage) the children to try new things.(名词→动词) 26. It’s ________ (danger) to swim in the river alone.(名词→形容词) 27. She is a ________ (care) girl and she never makes mistakes.(名词→形容词) 28. The movie is very ________ (interest) and I want to watch it again.(名词→形容词) 29. He felt ________ (surprise) when he heard the good news.(名词→形容词) 30. The weather is ________ (wind) today, so we’d better not go out.(名词→形容词) 31. She is very ________ (pride) of her son’s achievement.(名词→形容词) 32. It’s ________ (nature) for a mother to love her child.(名词→形容词) 33. He is an ________ (energy) boy and he always works hard.(名词→形容词) 34. The ________ (environment) problem is becoming more and more serious.(名词→形容词) 35. She is very ________ (patient) with the children.(名词→形容词) 36. The news is ________ (true) and we all believe it.(名词→形容词) 37. He felt ________ (excite) when he won the first prize.(动词→形容词) 38. The book is very ________ (bore) and I can’t read it anymore.(动词→形容词) 39. She looks ________ (tire) because she worked late last night.(动词→形容词) 40. There is a ________ (break) cup on the ground.(动词→形容词) 41. He got ________ (lose) in the forest and couldn’t find his way back.(动词→形容词) 42. The ________ (fall) leaves make the park very beautiful.(动词→形容词) 43. We should eat ________ (health) food to keep fit.(形容词→副词) 44. She speaks English very ________ (clear) and everyone can understand her.(形容词→副词) 45. He drives ________ (careful) because he cares about his safety.(形容词→副词) 46. It rained ________ (heavy) last night and the road is very wet now.(形容词→副词) 47. ________ (luck), he didn’t get hurt in the accident.(形容词→副词) 48. She sings very ________ (beautiful) and she wants to be a singer.(形容词→副词) 49. He finished the task ________ (successful) with the help of his friends.(形容词→副词) 50. Please speak ________ (polite) to the old people.(形容词→副词) 二、根据句意,用所给词的适当形式填空(进阶50题) 1. Her ________ (happy) made everyone around her feel good.(形容词→名词) 2. The ________ (sad) of the story made many people cry.(形容词→名词) 3. His ________ (careless) made him fail the exam.(形容词→名词) 4. We should pay attention to our ________ (safe) when we go out.(形容词→名词) 5. The ________ (important) of learning English can’t be ignored.(形容词→名词) 6. There is a big ________ (different) between the two books.(形容词→名词) 7. He has great ________ (confident) in himself.(形容词→名词) 8. The ________ (kind) of the people made her feel warm.(形容词→名词) 9. She showed great ________ (bravery) when she faced the danger.(形容词→名词) 10. His ________ (honest) made him popular among his friends.(形容词→名词) 11. The ________ (strong) of the wind is getting stronger.(形容词→名词) 12. We should try our best to overcome the ________ (difficulty).(形容词→名词) 13. The ________ (long) of the river is about 500 kilometers.(形容词→名词) 14. It’s ________ (fair) to treat him like that.(形容词→反义词) 15. The food is ________ (healthy) and we shouldn’t eat it.(形容词→反义词) 16. He is very ________ (polite) and no one likes him.(形容词→反义词) 17. It’s ________ (possible) for him to finish the work in one hour.(形容词→反义词) 18. She is ________ (happy) because she failed the exam.(形容词→反义词) 19. The plan is ________ (necessary) and we can cancel it.(形容词→反义词) 20. He is an ________ (honest) boy and he often tells lies.(形容词→反义词) 21. The weather is ________ (usual) today; it’s snowing in summer.(形容词→反义词) 22. She is ________ (able) to walk because she hurt her leg.(形容词→反义词) 23. The room is very ________ (clean) and we need to tidy it up.(形容词→反义词) 24. The water is ________ (hot) and we can drink it directly.(形容词→反义词) 25. He is very ________ (strong) because he is ill.(形容词→反义词) 26. I ________ (agree) with you because your idea is wrong.(动词→反义词) 27. He ________ (like) eating vegetables, so he is often ill.(动词→反义词) 28. The child often ________ (obey) his parents’ orders.(动词→反义词) 29. The sun ________ (rise) in the west and sets in the east.(动词→反义词) 30. He ________ (remember) to bring his homework and the teacher was angry.(动词→反义词) 31. She ________ (accept) the invitation because she was busy.(动词→反义词) 32. He ________ (trust) her because she often lied to him.(动词→反义词) 33. The old man ________ (live) in the house alone and no one took care of him.(动词→反义词) 34. Please ________ (lock) the door when you leave the room.(动词→反义词) 35. He ________ (fold) the letter and put it in the envelope.(动词→反义词) 36. She speaks English very ________ (bad) and no one can understand her.(副词→反义词) 37. He walked ________ (slow) because he was in a hurry.(副词→反义词) 38. I have ________ (already) finished my homework, so I can watch TV now.(副词→反义词,结合语境) 39. He ________ (hardly) finished his homework on time.(副词→反义词) 40. She has ________ (never) been to Beijing and she wants to go there.(副词→反义词) 41. Please turn ________ (up) the radio; I can’t hear it clearly.(副词→反义词) 42. He goes to the library ________ (once) a week, but now he goes there every day.(副词→反义词,结合语境) 43. This is my ________ (two) time to visit Shanghai.(数词→序数词) 44. He is the ________ (five) student to finish the exam.(数词→序数词) 45. Today is June the ________ (twelve).(数词→序数词) 46. She is a ________ (ten) - year - old girl.(数词→复合形容词) 47. This book is ________ (two) as thick as that one.(数词→副词,倍数表达) 48. He goes swimming ________ (three) a week.(数词→副词,频率表达) 49. ________ (one), we need to collect all the materials.(数词→副词) 50. This is the ________ (hundred) page of the book.(数词→序数词) 23 / 23 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题01 高频词汇变形归纳+100道巩固训练题(复习讲义)(江苏专用)2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测
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专题01 高频词汇变形归纳+100道巩固训练题(复习讲义)(江苏专用)2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测
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专题01 高频词汇变形归纳+100道巩固训练题(复习讲义)(江苏专用)2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测
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