Unit 5 Natural Disasters-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第一册（冀教版）

高中必修1冀教版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit5】Natural Disasters 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 extremely/ik'stri:mli/adv. 极其：downtown/,dan'tan/adj.市中纪念日 极端 心的；adv.在市中心 greet/gri:t/v.打招呼；迎接 horrible/'hprabl/adj. 令人震惊disaster/dr'za:star)m.灾难；灾brochure/'bra5a)/n.资料手册 的：恐怖的 祸 poster/'pausta()h.招贴画：海 scare/sea)/~.惊吓：使害怕 survive/sa'varv/v.幸存；生存 报 region/,'ri:dn/h.地区；区域 BCE/bi:si:'i:/abbr.公元前design/d'zam/w.&n.设计；构思 plate/plert/n.板块；盘子 (=Before the Common Era) supply/sa'plaI/n.&v.供应：供给 slide/slaid/v.滑行；滑动 death/dem.死亡 content/.'kDntent/hm.内容；目录 movement/'mu:vmant/n. 移动resource/r'so:s/n.资源；资料package/'pekd3h.包裹：包： 运动 response/rr'sppns/n.响应；答复袋；V.将..包装好 volcano/.wol'kem/n.火山 document//'dpkjumant/n.文件 erupt/'rrptw.爆发；喷出 anniversary/,enr'v3:sari/n.周年 词汇变形及词缀精讲 l.extremely/ik'stri:mli//adv.极其；极端 形容词形式：extreme(极端的：极度的) 构词解析：前缀x-:表”完全、彻底”；后缀-y:加在形容词后构成副词，表”…地”。 同类词：completely(完全地)←-complete(完全的)、seriously(严重地)←-serious(严重的) 例句：The weather was extremely cold,.so we stayed indoors all day. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1同步练习）：The task is_(extreme))difficult,but we have to finish it on time.(答案：extremely) 2.horrible/'hprabl/adj.令人震惊的；恐怖的 名词形式：horror(恐怖：惊骇) 副词形式：horribly(可怕地；非常) 构词解析：后缀-ible-able:加在名词后构成形容词，表”具有.性质的”；-y构成副词。 同类词：terrible(可怕的)←-terror(恐惧)、visible(可见的)←-vision(视力) 例句：The film showed a horrible scene of the disaster.. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1教材例句）：People were shocked by the horrible news of the earthquake. 1 高中必修1冀教版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 3.movement/'mu:vment//m.移动；运动 动词形式：move（移动：感动) 形容词形式：movable(可移动的) 构词解析：后缀-mnt:加在动词后构成名词，表”动作或结果”；-able构成形容词，表”可.的”。 同类词：development(发展)←-develop(发展)、agreement(同意)←-agree(同意) 例句：The movement of the plates causes earthquakes. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1同步练习)：We need to (movement)the furniture to make space for the new bookshelf..(答案：move) 4.erupt/r'rpt/w.爆发；喷出 名词形式：eruption(爆发：喷发) 构词解析：前缀e-:表”出、外”；后缀-ion:加在动词后构成名词，表”动作或状态”。 同类词：inruption(闯入)←-inrupt(闯入)、corruption(腐败)←-corupt(腐败) 例句：The volcano erupted suddenly,sending ash into the sky. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1教材例句)：Scientists are studying the history of the volcano's eruptions. 5.disaster/d'za:sta(r)h.灾难：灾祸 形容词形式：disastrous（灾难性的：损失惨重的) 构词解析：前缀ds-:表”否定、相反”；后缀-ous:加在名词后构成形容词，表”具有.性质的”。 同类词：danger（危险)→dangerous(危险的)、fame(名声)→famous(著名的) 例句：The flood caused a disaster in the region. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1同步练习）：The storm had a(disaster)effect on the local economy.. (答案：disastrous) 6.survive/.sa'vaIv/v.幸存；生存 名词形式：survival(幸存；生存) 形容词形式：survivable(可存活的) 构词解析：前缀sr-:表超过、在.之上”；后缀-al:加在动词后构成名词：-able构成形容词。 同类词：revive(复活)→revival(复活)、arrive(到达)→arrival(到达) 例句：Only a few people survived the plane crash. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1教材例句）：The villagers fought hard for survival after the disaster. 7.resource/rI's3sn.资源；资料 形容词形式：resourceful(资源丰富的：足智多谋的) 构词解析：后缀-f:加在名词后构成形容词，表”充满.的：具有.能力的”。 同类词：helpful(有帮助的)←-help(帮助)、successful（成功的)←-success(成功) 例句：We should protect natural resources for future generations. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1同步练习）：The team leader is very_(resource)and always finds solutions to problems.(答案：resourceful) 8.response/.rr'spDns/h.响应；答复 动词形式：espond(回答；响应) 2 高中必修1冀教版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 形容词形式：responsive(反应迅速的；易响应的) 构词解析：前缀re-:表”回、再”；后缀-se:构成动词；-se一-sponse(名词形式)：ive构成形容词。 同类词：responsible(负责任的)←-responsibility(责任)、dependence(依赖)←-depend(依赖) 例句：We are waiting for the government's response to the problem. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1教材例句)：He failed to respond to the teacher's question in class. 9.document/'dpkjumant/.h.文件 动词形式：document(记录；记载) 形容词形式：documentary(记录的；纪实的) 构词解析：后缀-ay:加在名词后构成形容词，表”与.有关的”；名词document”可直接作动词。 同类词：commentary(评论)←-comment(评论)、library(图书馆)←-libr(书籍) 例句：The documentary film documents the history of the region 真题链接（冀教版高中必修l同步练习）：Please__(document)all the changes in the project report. (答案：document) 10.design/.d'zanw.&n.设计；构思 名词形式：designer(设计师) 形容词形式：designed(有计划的：故意的) 构词解析：后缀-eror:加在动词后表从事.的人”：-ed构成形容词，表”被..的”。 同类词：teacher(教师)←-teach(教)、inventor(发明家)←-invent(发明) 例句：She wants to design a poster for the anniversary event. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1教材例句）：The designer spent three months on the new building's design, 11.supply/sa'plah.&v.供应；供给 名词形式：supplier（供应商) 形容词形式：supplied(被供应的) 构词解析：前缀sup-:表”在.…下面：支持；后缀-er表”供应者”：-ed构成形容词。 同类词：apply(申请)一applicant(申请人)、imply(暗示)一implication(暗示) 例句：The company will supply food and water to the disaster area. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1同步练习)：The__(supply)of electricity was cut off during the storm. (答案：supply) 12.package/pekd3/h.包裹；包；袋；V.将.包装好 动词形式：pack(打包：包装) 形容词形式：packaged(包装好的) 构词解析：后缀-age:加在动词后构成名词，表”动作或结果”；-ed构成形容词。 同类词：luggage(行李)←-lug(拖拉)、marriage（婚姻)←-marry(结婚) 例句：He packaged the gift carefully and sent it to his friend. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1教材例句）：The package includes a brochure and a poster about the event. 13.content/'kontent//n.内容；目录 形容词形式：content(满足的：满意的，读音kan'tent/) 3 高中必修1冀教版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 副词形式：contentedly(满足地) 构词解析：多词性词：名词表”内容”，形容词表”满足的”，由名词词义引申而来；y构成副词。 固定搭配：be content with(对满意) 例句：The content of the book is mainly about environmental protection.. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1同步练习）：She is_(content)with her simple life in the countryside. (答案：content) l4.greet/gri:t/v.打招呼：迎接 名词形式：greeting(问候；招呼) 形容词形式：greeted(被问候的) 构词解析：后缀-ing:加在动词后构成名词，表”动作或行为”：-ed构成形容词。 同类词：meet(遇见)→neeting(会议)、build(建造)→building(建筑) 例句：He greeted his guests with a warm smile. 真题链接（冀教版高中必修1教材例句)： 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The sudden (of the volcano caused great damage to the village. 2.We should try our best to protect natural (资源for future generations. 3.The government's quick (to the disaster saved many lives. 4.After the earthquake,the (幸存者)were sent to safe areas immediately. 5.The documentary()the daily life of people in remote mountain areas. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The weather was (extreme)hot,so we decided to stay at home. 2.The (move)of the heavy machine required six workers. 3.She showed great (resource)in solving the difficult problem 4.The(erupt)of the volcano was predicted by scientists in advance. 5.The team leader's_ (respond)to the accident was quick and effective. 三、完成句子 4 高中必修1冀教版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.Only a few people (幸存)the terrible flood last year. 2.The company promised to (供应)enough food to the disaster area. 3.He is always (满足于)his simple life and never complains.. 4.The (of the new bridge won an international award. 四、语篇填空 A volcano is a natural disaster that can cause great harm.When it (erupt),lava and ash are sent into the air.The(move)of the earth's plates is the main cause of volcanic (erupt). After the disaster,people need to(survive)with limited resources.The government usually sends (supply)of food and water to help them. (document)the process of recovery is also important for future research.Many (science)work hard to study volcanoes and improve disaster (respond)systems. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.eruption 7.resources 8.response 9.survivors 10.documents Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.extremely 7.movement 8.resourcefulness 9.eruption 10.response ⅡI完成句子 5.survived from 6.supply with 7.content with 8.design V.语篇填空 1.erupts 2.movement 3.eruptions 4.survive 5.supplies 6.Documenting 7. scientists 8.response 5