阅读理解组合练(8) 3阅读＋1七选五（Word教参）-【正禾一本通】2026年高考英语二轮专题复习高效讲义

组合练(八)　3阅读＋1七选五 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·青岛市高三年级第一次适应性检测)“Shhh！” This is the demand that eco-acoustics(生态声学) researcher Jérôme Sueur makes of humanity.The noises of technology spread across even the remotest corners of the planet.Sueur explores the impact of the ever-present sound on the animal world in Natural History of Silence. Between travelogue-style chapters and philosophical reflections，the book covers many key terms and theories，such as the acoustic niche hypothesis(声学生态位假说)，which assumes that each species has its own acoustic space to improve communication with its own kind and limit sound competition from other species.Sueur’s point is this： silence is a crucial resource，like food or water，which species compete for to survive.“Making sound is important，” he writes.But humans need to “make sure we are not more alive than others”. When human activities were put on hold years ago，noise-monitoring organizations in France recorded a 60－75％ drop in sound levels in many cities.Globally，wildlife communication changed.Fish and dolphins off the coast of New Zealand extended the range of their calls by 65％ owing to a sharp reduction in boat travel.However，when humans emerged from their homes，so did all human-generated sounds and their harmful effects on natural systems，Sueur writes. Sueur calls for a greater awareness of the need to preserve zones where noise is not welcome，effectively proposing a global network of silent shelters for wildlife.The book，thus，highlights an imaginary dividing line between humanity and nature—an approach to conservation that has thwarted contemporary environmentalists who believe true conservation success comes from building a harmonious bond with nature.Some even argue against it in public and attempt to seek more all-around solutions that involve local and indigenous(本土的) communities. To encourage readers to act，the book could have included stories about successful no-fly zones where communities are working to address the problem.But the focus on solutions is narrow.Instead，his winding and wordy writing often carries a tone of anger，which could drive away the people he wants to silence. [语篇解读]本文是书评。文章主要介绍了《寂静的自然史》一书，书中探讨了科技噪声对动物世界的影响，呼吁保护静音区，但这种将人类与自然划分界限的保护方式遭到一些环保人士反对。最后文章指出该书存在内容和写作风格上的不足。 1.What does the acoustic niche hypothesis assume？ A.Species use sounds to communicate. B.Each species has a unique sound range. C.Species compete for sound resources. D.Making sound is the key to survival. B　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“the acoustic niche hypothesis(声学生态位假说)，which assumes that each species has its own acoustic space to improve communication with its own kind and limit sound competition from other species”可知，声学生态位假说假设每个物种都有自己的声学空间，也就是每个物种都有独特的声音范围，以改善与同类的交流，并限制来自其他物种的声音竞争。故选 B。] 2.Why are fish and dolphins mentioned in Paragraph 3？ A.To show the destruction caused by human activities. B.To stress the role of animals in the local ecosystem. C.To illustrate the impact of human activities on wildlife. D.To compare responses of different animals. C　[推理判断题。通读第三段中的“Fish and dolphins off the coast of New Zealand extended the range of their calls by 65％...their harmful effects on natural systems”可知，人类活动减少，城市噪声水平下降，新西兰海岸附近的鱼类和海豚因船只航行减少，叫声传播范围扩大。而当人类活动恢复，噪声也随之回来，对自然系统产生有害影响。由此可见，提及鱼类和海豚是为了通过它们在人类活动变化时的表现，具体说明人类活动对野生动物的影响。故选C。] 3.What does the underlined word “thwarted” in Paragraph 4 mean？ A.Enlightened. B.Transformed. C.Misled. D.Discouraged. D　[词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Sueur calls for a greater awareness...between humanity and nature”可知，Sueur呼吁保护不欢迎噪声的区域，提议建立全球野生动物静音庇护所网络，这种做法凸显了人与自然之间一条想象中的分界线。再由“contemporary environmentalists who believe true conservation success comes from...argue against it in public and attempt to seek more all-around solutions”可知，在认为真正的保护成功来自与自然建立和谐的联系的当代环保主义者中，一些人甚至公开反对并试图寻找更全面的解决方案。由此可推测，Sueur的做法与那些当代环保主义者的理念不同，所以这种做法会让他们感到沮丧、气馁。故选D。] 4.What can we learn about the book from the last paragraph？ A.It is written in an objective tone. B.It serves its writing purpose well. C.It fails to relate to certain readers. D.It conveys rather shallow ideas. C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To encourage readers to act...drive away the people he wants to silence”可知，为了鼓励读者采取行动，这本书本可以收录一些社区成功解决噪声问题的故事，但书中对解决方案的关注范围很有限。相反，作者迂回冗长的文字常常带有愤怒的语气，这可能会赶走那些他想让其安静下来的人。也就是说，这本书没能与这些读者建立联系、让他们产生共鸣。故选C。] B (2025·新疆维吾尔自治区普通高中第二次适应性检测)An unknown waltz by Chopin has been found from a set of collections in the basement of The Morgan Library & Museum in New York. On a late spring day at the Morgan，the manager and composer Robinson McClellan came across an unusual musical manuscript(手稿).The piece was moody，and the name “Chopin” was boldly written across the top.McClellan quickly took a photo so he could later play the piece on his piano at home.He also shared the photo with Jeffrey Kallberg，a respected Chopin scholar.“My jaw dropped，” Kallberg told him.“Never had I seen this before.” Newly discovered works are rare in classical music，especially for Chopin，who had fewer works than other composers.In September，the experts at the Morgan confirmed the music manuscript by analyzing the paper，ink and musical style.The manuscript was surprisingly small，about the size of an index card，yet Chopin’s famously tiny but neat handwriting allowed him to pack a lot into this little piece. The Morgan’s experts invited Javier C.Hernández，a classical music reporter and a loyal admirer of Chopin’s music，to view the piece.Then Javier immersed himself in Chopin’s world.Chopin’s waltzes，nocturnes (夜曲)，ballads and mazurkas (玛祖卡舞曲) together construct a fantastic world filled with memories，desires，suffering and happiness.He studied Chopin’s scores，letters，and sketches，and listened to recordings of his waltzes，searching for clues about this unusual piece.He even tracked down the previous owners. Knowing people would be eager for the piece，Javier reached out to his friend，a superstar pianist，and messaged him the music score.The pianist was immediately attracted by the piece，saying，“It sounds very much like Chopin，with a very dramatic darkness turning into a positive thing.It’s beautiful.” The pianist has recorded the piece at Steinway Hall in Manhattan.He said，“To have a new work by this level of great artist，we’re just so lucky.Just enjoy it.” [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了纽约摩根图书馆与博物馆地下室的一套藏品中发现了肖邦的一首不为人知的华尔兹舞曲手稿。文章强调了这一发现在古典音乐界的重要性，尤其是对肖邦这样作品数量较少的作曲家来说，新作品的发现尤为珍贵。 5.How did Kallberg feel about the discovery of the manuscript？ A.It’s unexpected. B.It’s bittersweet. C.It’s doubtful. D.It’s revolutionary. A　[推理判断题。根据题干中的Kallberg可将解题信息定位至第二段。根据“‘My jaw dropped，’ Kallberg told him.‘Never had I seen this before.’”可知，Kallberg看到新发现的手稿时惊呆了，他以前从未见过这个，故选A项。] 6.What do we know about Chopin from the text？ A.He was more productive than composers of his time. B.He was the most famous classical musician. C.His handwriting was small and messy. D.His works are rich in emotions. D　[推理判断题。根据第四段的“Chopin’s waltzes...a fantastic world filled with memories，desires，suffering and happiness”可知，肖邦的华尔兹、夜曲、民谣和玛祖卡舞曲共同构成了一个充满回忆、渴望、痛苦和幸福的奇妙世界，D项正确。] 7.How was the manuscript confirmed？ A.By researching Chopin’s scores，letters and sketches. B.By checking its paper，ink and musical style. C.By comparing its signature with Chopin’s. D.By analyzing its moody melody. B　[细节理解题。根据第三段的“In September，the experts at the Morgan confirmed the music manuscript by analyzing the paper，ink and musical style”可知，摩根图书馆的专家们通过分析手稿的纸张、墨水以及音乐风格，确认了这份音乐手稿的真实性。故选B。] 8.What is Javier’s friend’s attitude to the newly found music？ A.Tolerant. B.Indifferent. C.Appreciative. D.Conservative. C　[观点态度题。根据最后一段的“The pianist was immediately attracted by the piece”“It sounds very much like Chopin，with a very dramatic darkness turning into a positive thing.It’s beautiful”可知，Javier的朋友被这首曲子吸引了。他认为这首曲子听起来非常像肖邦的风格，曲子很优美。由此可知，Javier的朋友对新发现的音乐的态度是欣赏的，故选C。] C (2025·新疆维吾尔自治区普通高中第二次适应性检测)A group of bacteria has proved good at destroying the ultratough carbon-fluorine bonds(碳氟链) that give “forever chemicals” their name.This finding boosts hopes that microbes(微生物) might someday help remove these pollutants that can be seen everywhere from the environment. Nearly 15，000 chemicals commonly found in everyday consumer products are recognized as perfluoroalkyl and poly-fluoroalkyl substances，or PFASs (全氟和多氟烷基物质).These chemicals can enter the human body via drinking water or fertilized crops.Scientists have linked even low levels of long-lasting PFASs exposure to bad health effects including some deadly diseases. Current methods to destroy PFASs require extreme heat or pressure，and they work safely only on filtered-out(经过滤的) waste.Researchers have long wondered whether bacteria could break down the chemicals in natural environments，providing a cheaper and more accessible approach.But carbon-fluorine bonds occur mainly in human-made materials，and PFASs have not existed long enough for bacteria to have specifically evolved the ability to digest them.The new study—though not the first to identify a microbe that destroys carbon-fluorine bonds—provides a step forward. To identify a promising set of bacteria，the researchers screened several microbe communities living in wastewater.Four strains from the Acetobacterium genus(醋酸杆菌属) stood out.Each strain produced an enzyme(酶) that can replace certain fluorine atoms in the PFASs with hydrogen atoms.Over three weeks，most of the strains split the targeted PFASs molecules into smaller ones that could be degraded more easily via traditional chemical means. The Acetobacterium lines target a separate group of PFASs，and the team hopes to engineer the microbes to either improve their efficiency or expand their reach—potentially to more PFASs.“The range of chemical structures in these compounds means a single lab cannot solve this problem.We’re paving the road as we go，” lead study author Yujie Men of the University of California，Riverside，says with a laugh. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于利用微生物去除“永久性化学物质”全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFASs)的新研究。 一群细菌被证明擅长破坏赋予“永久性化学物质”名称的超坚韧碳氟链，这一发现让人们有望利用微生物去除这类污染物。 9.How is the new finding different from others？ A.It can be safely used on filtered-out waste. B.It will stop chemicals from entering the human body. C.It advanced the research into using microbes to remove chemical pollutants. D.It firstly revealed a microbe has the potential to destroy carbon-fluorine bonds. C　[细节理解题。根据第一段的“This finding boosts hopes that microbes(微生物) might someday help remove these pollutants that can be seen everywhere from the environment”可知，这一发现让人们看到了利用微生物清除环境中的污染物的希望。再根据第三段的“The new study—though not the first to identify a microbe that destroys carbon-fluorine bonds—provides a step forward”可知，虽然这不是第一个发现破坏碳氟链的微生物的研究，但它向前迈出了一步。由此可知，这项新的研究推动了利用微生物清除化学污染物的研究。故选C。] 10.What contributed most to the degradation of PFASs？ A.The Acetobacterium genus. B.The enzyme. C.Hydrogen atoms. D.Fluorine atoms. B　[细节理解题。根据第四段的“Each strain produced an enzyme(酶) that can replace certain fluorine atoms in the PFASs...that could be degraded more easily via traditional chemical means”可知，每种菌株都产生一种酶，这种酶可以用氢原子取代PFASs中的某些氟原子。在三周内，大多数菌株将靶向PFASs分子分裂成更小的分子，这些分子更容易通过传统的化学手段降解。由此可知，酶在PFASs降解中起到了最关键的作用，故选B。] 11.What can be inferred about the research team from the last paragraph？ A.Their research is still in an early stage. B.Their current technology is already highly efficient. C.They feel discouraged about the challenges they face. D.They believe their lab can address the problem with financial support. A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“the team hopes to engineer the microbes...potentially to more PFASs”“The range of chemical structures in these compounds means a single lab cannot solve this problem.We’re paving the road as we go”可知，研究团队希望对这些微生物进行改造，要么提高它们的效率，要么扩大它们的作用范围——有可能扩大到更多的PFASs。这些化合物中的化学结构范围意味着单个实验室无法解决这个问题。由此可知，研究团队还面临诸多问题，该研究还处于早期阶段，故选A。] 12.What’s the best title of the text？ A.The Global PFASs Crisis： An Urgent Call for Immediate Action B.The Future of PFASs Removal： Extreme Heat or Bacterial Enzymes C.Carbon-fluorine Bonds： A Surprising New Player in the Pollution Game D.A Big Step Forward： Using Microbes to Break Down ‘Forever Chemicals’ D　[主旨大意题。文章开篇点明一群细菌擅长破坏被赋予“永久性化学物质”名称的碳氟链，有望帮助去除环境中的这类污染物；接着介绍PFASs的危害、现有处理方法的不足以及研究人员的探索方向；然后详细阐述新研究中筛选出的醋酸杆菌属菌株及其产生的酶对分解PFASs的作用；最后提到研究团队希望对微生物进行改造，且表明研究仍在探索阶段。文章整体围绕利用微生物分解PFASs这一研究展开。D项“向前迈出的一大步：利用微生物分解‘永久性化学物质’”作本文标题最佳。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Ugh！ You swear you had your keys a second ago，and now they’ re just gone！ Before you panic，take a deep breath.1.　　　　.Losing things is a part of life，but finding them doesn’t have to be a nerve-wracking rush.In this article，we’ll teach you where you can look and how you can retrace your steps to find lost objects. Identify what makes your missing object stand out in its environment.It might be its size，color，texture or shape.2.　　　　 It will make the process faster and more efficient.Instead of looking at everything in a space，this approach helps you focus your attention only on objects with that distinction. Look in places where you’ve lost this item before.Do you tend to lose your keys or student cards often？ If so，it may have ended up in a similar place as before.Think about where your common lost objects tend to be lost.For example，maybe you have a habit of leaving your keys in the lock or your bag in the car.3.　　　 Try looking at the room from a new angle.If you’ve retraced your steps，gone through all the motions，and still haven’t found anything，change your perspective.Crawl instead of walking down the hall.4.　　　　 Seeing things from a different point of view can help you notice details you may have missed before. 5.　　　　 Scattered and crowded areas make it easier to lose objects，as things can fall under other things or get buried beneath piles.Regularly clean and tidy up living spaces，so you won’t have to spend more time looking for things later on. A.Or sit where you were standing. B.Then search based on that unique feature. C.Look in the messiest areas of your living space. D.Everyone misplaces things every now and again. E.Check these places before extending your search. F.The best thing you can do to avoid losing things is be organized. G.Thinking about the last time you saw it helps you retrace your steps. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了寻找丢失物品的方法和建议。 1.D　[由上文“Ugh！ You swear you had your keys a second ago，and now they’ re just gone！ Before you panic，take a deep breath.(呃！你发誓一秒钟前你还拿着钥匙，现在却不见了！在你恐慌之前，深呼吸)”可知，本空要说跟“丢东西”这个情境有关的话题，且起到安慰的作用，由后文“Losing things is a part of life，but finding them doesn’t have to be a nerve-wracking rush.(丢东西是生活的一部分，但找东西不一定是一场令人崩溃的匆忙)”可知，本句要表达丢东西是常有的事，故D选项“Everyone misplaces things every now and again.(每个人都会时不时地丢东西)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。] 2.B　[由上文“Identify what makes your missing object stand out in its environment.It might be its size，color，texture or shape.(确定是什么让你的丢失物品在环境中脱颖而出。它可能是大小、颜色、质地或形状)”可知，本空要说跟“根据物品特征寻找”有关的话题，由后文“It will make the process faster and more efficient.(这将使过程更快、更有效率)”可知，本句要表达根据这个独特特征去寻找，故B选项“Then search based on that unique feature.(然后根据那个独特特征去寻找)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。] 3.E　[由上文“Look in places where you’ve lost this item before.Do you tend to lose your keys or student cards often？ If so，it may have ended up in a similar place as before.Think about where your common lost objects tend to be lost.For example，maybe you have a habit of leaving your keys in the lock or your bag in the car.(看看你以前丢过这个东西的地方。你经常丢钥匙或学生证吗？如果是这样，它可能和以前一样落在了类似的地方。想想你经常丢的东西通常丢在哪里。例如，也许你习惯把钥匙落在锁里或把包落在车里)”可知，本空要说跟“检查这些地方”有关的话题，故E选项“Check these places before extending your search.(在扩大搜索范围之前，先检查这些地方)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。] 4.A　[由上文“Try looking at the room from a new angle.If you’ve retraced your steps，gone through all the motions，and still haven’t found anything，change your perspective.Crawl instead of walking down the hall.(试着从一个新的角度看房间。如果你已经回溯了自己的脚步，经历了所有的动作，但仍然没有找到任何东西，那就改变一下你的视角。缓慢行进，而不是沿着走廊走)”可知，本空要说跟“改变视角”有关的话题，且是举例说明改变视角的不同方式，故A选项“Or sit where you were standing.(或者坐在你原来站的地方)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选A。] 5.F　[由下文“Scattered and crowded areas make it easier to lose objects，as things can fall under other things or get buried beneath piles.Regularly clean and tidy up living spaces，so you won’t have to spend more time looking for things later on.(杂乱和拥挤的区域更容易丢东西，因为东西可能会掉到其他东西下面或被埋在堆里。定期清理和整理生活空间，这样你以后就不必花更多时间找东西了)”可知，本空要说跟“保持整洁避免丢东西”有关的话题，且是段落主旨句，故F选项“The best thing you can do to avoid losing things is be organized.(避免丢东西最好的方法就是保持有条理)”能概括下文，符合题意。故选F。] 核心 单词 A篇 Para.1：explore v.探索，探究　ever-present adj.始终存在的　Para.3：extend v.延伸，扩展　range n.范围，幅度 v.(在一定的范围内)变化　emerge v.摆脱出来　Para.4：effectively adv.有效地；实际上　imaginary adj.想象的，虚构的 B篇 Para.4：fantastic adj.极好的，吸引人的，有趣的　suffering n.(肉体或精神上的)痛苦，苦难，折磨 sketch n.简报，速写，概述　clue n.线索，提示　Para.5：dramatic adj.激动人心的，给人深刻印象的 C篇 Para.1 ：boost v.促进，推动，使兴旺　remove v.除去，消除，清除　Para.2：fertilize v.施肥于　deadly adj.致命的　Para.3：evolve v.逐步形成，逐渐演变；进化，进化形成　Para.4：strain n.系，品系，品种，类型　split v.(使)裂开，(使)撕开，(使)断裂　degrade v.(使)(物质、化学品等)分解、降解 词缀 变形 A篇 Para.4：aware adj.意识到的，知道的→awareness n.意识，认识　preserve v.保护，保存→preservation n.保护，保存　harmony n.和谐；协调→harmonious adj.和谐的；协调的 B篇 Para.1：collect v.收集，采集；收藏；募捐→collection n.收藏品，收集物　Para.2：respect v.&n.尊敬，敬重→respected adj.受尊敬的，受敬重的 C篇 Para.2：expose v.暴露，显露，露出→exposure n.暴露；接触，体验　Para.3：access n.进入权，使用权，接触的机会 v.到达，进入，使用→accessible adj.易到达的，易进入的　specific adj.具体的，特定的，特有的→specifically adv.特定地，具体地，专门地　Para.4：promise v.许诺，保证，答应→promising adj.大有希望的，很有前途的 熟词 生义 B篇 (1)score(Para.4) 常用义：n.(游戏或比赛中的)得分，比分；(考试中的)分数，成绩 v.(在游戏或比赛中)得分　文章义：n.总谱 (2)message(Para.5)常用义：n.消息，口信，信息　文章义：v.(给……)发短信(消息) C篇 (1)screen(Para.4)常用义：n.屏幕，荧光屏　文章义：v.审查，筛选 (2)engineer(Para.5)常用义：n.工程师，设计师　文章义：v.改变(动植物等)的基因结构 核心 短语 A篇 Para.1：spread across 蔓延，传播　Para.2：compete for...为……竞争　Para.3：put...on hold 暂停，搁置　owing to 因为，由于　Para.4：call for 呼吁，要求　Para.5：drive away 赶走，驱逐 B篇 Para.2：come across (偶然)遇见，碰见，发现　somebody’s jaw dropped 某人张口结舌(形容惊讶或震惊)　Para.4：immerse oneself in sth.潜心于某事，专注于某事　track down 搜寻到，跟踪找到，追查到　Para.5：reach out to 请求……的帮助 C篇 Para.3：break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成)；出故障，坏掉 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $