专题3 素养培优(2) 词汇新要求题——派生词与合成词（随堂演练）（Word练习）-【正禾一本通】2026年高考英语二轮专题复习高效讲义

A (2025·太原市高三年级模拟)My Irish setter，Henry，had been trained to be a show dog.But I 　1　 his uniqueness right away—while other champion dogs enjoyed holding their heads high in the spotlight，Henry would stay with children offstage.He tilted (倾斜) his head，brown eyes 　2　 their minor facial expressions.Because of his 　3　 nature and welcoming presence，I decided to retrain him to be a therapy dog. His job was to 　4　 elementary school classes and listen to students reading to him.He gave 　5　 attention to the readers and never corrected or laughed at them when they stuttered (结巴).After reading，students got to put a 　6　 on Henry’s nose，which he’d flip (翻动) up and catch in his mouth. One day，a special education student 　7　 us in class.Henry lay on the floor against the boy’s shaking knees as he worked with great 　8　 to read his picture book.Words 　9　 in his throat.Henry licked his hands，and the boy tried again：“Cat...in...the...” Then a cool 　10　 pushed the page with a picture of a hat.“HAT！”the boy shouted.Now they had a game： Henry smelt the book，and the boy read three words. As soon as they finished，the teacher whispered，“That was amazing！”Thinking she 　11　 Henry，I replied，“Yes，he’s quite a dog.” “No，” she said，“that is the first time this student has ever read 　12　！” It was just one of the many times I saw the value of the tiny 　13　 that Henry could create.Over 200 school visits，Henry was rewarded more than 600 biscuits and 　14　 silent fears into brave voices.Children 　15　 picture books，and classrooms changed posters，but my red-furred listener remained constant. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。作者的爱尔兰赛特猎狗Henry本是一只比赛狗，但作者发现了它独特的性格，将其训练为治疗犬，到小学课堂，它帮助了一位有特殊教育需求的学生。 1.A.changed B.rejected C.improved D.recognized D　[破折号后表明其他冠军犬在聚光灯下昂首，而 Henry却在台下陪伴孩子，这一独特表现让作者立刻认识到(recognized)它的与众不同。reject“拒绝接受”；improve“改进”。] 2.A.tracking B.terrifying C.causing D.avoiding A　[上文提到Henry在台下陪伴孩子，它倾斜着头。结合常识判断，狗倾斜头有助于更仔细地观察，所以它棕色的眼睛是在追踪(tracking)孩子们细微的面部表情。terrify“使恐惧”；avoid“避免”。] 3.A.graceful B.insightful C.amusing D.dominant B　[从上文描述的Henry在台下陪伴孩子、关注他们面部表情等行为可推断出，它富有洞察力(insightful)。graceful“优雅的”；amusing“有趣的”；dominant“强大的，占优势的”。] 4.A.visit B.design C.interrupt D.instruct A　[根据最后一段的“Over 200 school visits”可知，Henry的工作内容是访问(visit)小学班级。design “设计”；interrupt“使暂停，使中断，打扰”；instruct“指示，吩咐，命令”。] 5.A.unwanted B.uncomfortable C.undivided D.unusual C　[上文讲作为治疗犬，Henry 的职责是听学生们给它读书，所以它应会给阅读的学生完全的 (undivided)关注。unwanted“多余的”；uncomfortable“令人不舒适的”；unusual“不寻常的”。] 6.A.page B.treat C.coin D.hand B　[根据下文的“which he’d flip (翻动) up and catch in his mouth”以及最后一段的“Henry was rewarded more than 600 biscuits”可知，学生们放在Henry鼻子上、能被它用嘴接住的是美味食物(treat)，即下文提到的biscuits“饼干”。此处 treat 作名词，意为“(尤指不经常吃的)美味食物”，属于熟词生义的用法。] 7.A.witnessed B.led C.joined D.invited C　[从下文描述的男孩参与和Henry一起阅读的活动可知，这个有特殊教育需求的学生在课堂上加入(joined)了他们。witness“见证”；invite“邀请”。] 8.A.effort B.respect C.risk D.speed A　[上文提到男孩有特殊教育需求，再结合下文描述的男孩读单词的场景可推知，男孩正费力地读着他的图画书，effort在此意为“吃力，费力”，构成短语with effort。respect“尊敬，敬重”；risk“风险”；speed“速度”。] 9.A.turned up B.got stuck C.spread out D.came true B　[根据上文讲的男孩有特殊教育需求和下文的“the boy tried again：‘Cat...in...the...’”可知，话语卡在(got stuck)他的喉咙里。turn up“偶然出现，到来”；spread out“散开，分散”；come true“实现，达到”。] 10.A.wind B.teacher C.finger D.nose D　[根据下文的“Now they had a game： Henry smelt the book，and the boy read three words”可知，Henry 用鼻子(nose)推动了书页。] 11.A.encouraged B.ordered C.compared D.meant D　[上文讲一结束，老师就轻声说：“太了不起了！”下文讲作者回复到：“是的，它是只很棒的狗。”由此可知，作者以为老师说的是Henry，故选mean“意思是，本意是”。encourage“鼓励”；order“命令”；compare“比较”。] 12.A.smoothly B.regularly C.carefully D.silently A　[根据上文老师说的话可知，此处老师说的是这个男孩太了不起了，第一次如此流畅地(smoothly)读书。regularly“有规律地”；carefully“仔细地”；silently“静静地”。] 13.A.memories B.miracles C.sounds D.opportunities B　[根据上文描述的Henry帮助有特殊教育需求的学生阅读可知，Henry创造了微小的奇迹(miracles)。] 14.A.persuaded B.broke C.brought D.transformed D　[上文讲男孩在Henry的帮助下最终流畅地读书，故此处表示Henry让无声的恐惧化作勇敢的声音。transform...into...“把……转变成……”，是固定用法。persuade“说服”。] 15.A.overlooked B.downloaded C.outgrew D.undertook C　[“Children 　15　 picture books”与“classrooms changed posters”并列，与“my red-furred listener remained constant”构成转折关系。故此处表示孩子们因长大而不再读图画书，教室里的海报也换了一批又一批，但作者那只红色皮毛的倾听者却始终如一。outgrow“因长大而不再适用……”，符合语境。overlook“忽视”；download“下载”；undertake“承担”。] B (2025·南昌市高三模拟)While her classmates played sports，Meenah Sukasem，12，spent her time building a business.As the CEO of Bkrafts，she created handmade headbands and bracelets.“I have a 　1　 for crafting (手工制作)，” she said. Meenah started crafting at nine and wanted to turn her hobby into a 　2　.Hearing her ambition，many people around her held deep disbelief that a child of her age couldn’t 　3　 it.However，she just ignored the doubt and stuck to her goal.In October，she joined the Young Entrepreneurs Academy (YEA！)，where some 　4　 businessmen teach students business skills.“I entered knowing nothing about business but 　5　 as a businessman，” she recalled.YEA！，established in 2004，helps 　6　 students develop ideas，conduct research，learn from the seniors，and build their businesses.Program director Candy Troutman witnessed Meenah’s growth，“She was quiet at first but 　7　 the organization in the end.It’s totally beyond expectation.” Later，Meenah attended a competition where she 　8　 her program to investors，and they were in favor of it.She was entitled “the Local Star” and 　9　 to the semifinal in New York.“Though I didn’t reach the final，meeting new people was invaluable，” she said. With the support of investors，Meenah 　10　 founded Bkrafts in April，selling over 150，000 worth of handmade products.She balances school and business，　11　 her creations at youth markets.Her 　12　 inspires peers，proving that 　13　 is no barrier to success. “Success is not just about winning any 　14　 awards in a race，” Meenah shared.“It’s about an experience of pursuing your passion by 　15　 social prejudice against success at a young age.” [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。本文主要讲述了12岁的Meenah Sukasem将自己做手工的爱好发展成事业的故事。尽管起初人们对她小小年纪就创业满是质疑，但她坚持自己的选择，通过参加比赛获得了投资，并成功创建了Bkrafts。她的成功证明了年龄并不是成功的障碍。 1.A.passion B.point C.reason D.rule A　[根据下文中的“Meenah started crafting at nine and wanted to turn her hobby into a 　2　.”可知，手工制作是Meenah Sukasem的兴趣爱好。由此可见，她酷爱手工制作。passion“酷爱，热衷的爱好(或活动等)”，符合语境。故选A。另外，全文结尾处的“It’s about an experience of pursuing your passion”中的passion 也是提示。] 2.A.habit B.tradition C.deal D.career D　[根据上文中的“spent her time building a business.As the CEO of Bkrafts，she created handmade headbands and bracelets”可知，Meenah Sukasem将手工发展成了自己的事业。career“职业”，符合语境。故选 D。habit“习惯”；tradition“传统”；deal“交易”。] 3.A.take B.get C.make D.grasp C　[根据上文中的“many people around her held deep disbelief”可知，许多人对她的创业持有怀疑态度，他们不相信她能做成这件事情。make it“获得成功”。故选C。grasp“抓紧，抓牢；理解，领会”。] 4.A.determined B.experienced C.excited D.satisfied B　[根据下文中的“teach students business skills”和“learn from the seniors”并结合常识可知，能够给学生传授做生意技能的应该是有经验的企业家。experienced“有经验的，熟练的”，符合语境。故选B。determined“坚定的，坚决的，果断的”。] 5.A.left B.worked C.failed D.pretended A　[空前后为转折关系，根据空前的“I entered knowing nothing about business”可知，作者刚加入YEA！的时候对于商业一无所知，但是，到她离开的时候已经是一个商人了。故选A。pretend“假装”。] 6.A.simple-minded B.like-minded C.hard-headed D.hot-headed B　[根据上文中的“she joined the Young Entrepreneurs Academy (YEA！)，where some 　4　 businessmen teach students business skills”并结合常识可知，YEA！会向有相同做生意兴趣的年轻人传授做生意技能。like-minded“想法相同的，志趣相投的”，符合语境。故选B。simple-minded“智力低下的，愚蠢的，头脑简单的”；hard-headed“坚定而不感情用事的，精明冷静的”；hot-headed“鲁莽的”。] 7.A.worked up B.let down C.pulled out D.blew away D　[结合上文中的“witnessed Meenah’s growth”可知，本句讲的是Meenah Sukasem 在 YEA！的成长和进步，空前讲到了起初她很低调，根据空前but可知此处是指但是在结束的时候她能够给该组织里的人留下深刻的印象。blow away意为“给……留下深刻印象，深深打动”。故选 D。work up“使烦恼，使发怒，激发”；let down“使失望”；pull out“从……退出”。] 8.A.adjusted B.presented C.changed D.devoted B　[根据上文中的“Meenah attended a competition”可知，Meenah参加了一个创业投资会，结合常识可知，她需要向投资者展示自己的项目。present“(以某种方式)展现，显示，表现”，符合语境。故选B。adjust“调整”；devote“献身，致力，专心”。] 9.A.belonged B.related C.advanced D.contributed C　[根据上文中的“Meenah attended a competition”可知，Meenah参加了一个比赛，结合空后的“to the semifinal”可知，她进入了半决赛。advance“向前推(至下一步)，(使)向前移动”，符合语境。故选C。belong to“属于”；relate to“涉及”；contribute to“有助于，促成”。] 10.A.eventually B.randomly C.potentially D.temporarily A　[结合上文内容可知，Meenah 先是有了创业的想法，之后参加YEA！学习，然后参加比赛并成功进入半决赛，她一步步地向着自己创业的目标前进，因此此处是说Meenah在得到投资者的支持之后最终创建了Bkrafts。eventually“最后，终于”，符合语境。故选A。randomly“随机地”；potentially“可能地，潜在地”；temporarily“暂时地”。] 11.A.purchasing B.promoting C.publishing D.maintaining B　[根据语境和常识可知，Meenah 是商人，所以此处应是说她在年轻人市场中推广自己的作品。promote“促销，推销”，符合语境。purchase“购买”；maintain“维持，保持”。] 12.A.generosity B.dependence C.kindness D.creativity D　[根据上文中的“　11　 her creations at youth markets”可知，Meenah在年轻人市场中推广自己的创作，所以此处应该是她的创意启发了同龄人。creativity“创造力，独创性”，符合语境。故选D。generosity“慷慨，大方，宽宏大量”；dependence“(生存或成功必需的)依靠，依赖，依存”。] 13.A.gender B.ability C.age D.poverty C　[根据上文中的“many people around her held deep disbelief that a child of her age couldn’t 　3　 it”可知，Meenah 在创业之初，人们对其在这么小的年纪创业持有怀疑态度，但是Meenah 成功了，这就证明了年龄并不是成功的障碍。故选 C。gender“性别”；poverty“贫穷，贫困”。另外，下文中的“social prejudice against success at a young age”也是提示。] 14.A.virtual B.artistic C.material D.moral C　[根据下文中的“It’s about an experience of pursuing your passion by 　15　 social prejudice”可知，Meenah认为成功关乎精神层面，因此此处指的是她认为成功并不只是在比赛中获得任何物质奖励。material“物质的”，符合语境。故选 C。virtual“模拟的，虚拟的”；artistic“艺术的，艺术家的”；moral“道德的”。] 15.A.challenging B.measuring C.improving D.recording A　[根据上文内容可知，Meenah 的创业挑战了人们对其年纪轻轻就创业未必能成功的看法。challenge“对……怀疑(或质疑)”，符合语境。故选A。measure“测量，度量”；improve“改进，改善”；record“记录”。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $